Transcripts For DW Close Up 20221121

latin america. right? dots november 25th on d. w. ah ah, every morning here in cutter, camels are taken out for their daily exercise. the small gulf emirate on the north eastern coast of the arabian peninsula, prizes its traditions. ah, these men are not categories. they come from oman or saudi arabia. up until the past 2 generations, the categories were themselves desert nomads. now their country is wealthy and most guitars aren't willing to do jobs seen as more menial. during the 19 ninety's, katara rose to become one of the wealthiest countries in the world. thanks to its oil and gas reserves. in the last 30 years, it has developed faster than any other country on the planet. a glittering ultra modern world has emerged from the desert. katara is currently hosting one of the world's biggest and most prestigious sports events. the men soccer world cup, it generates record income and television rights and is a huge money spinner for fifo football's world governing body. the world cup final is watched by a 1000000000 people. that's more than 110th of the global population. the cornish is the waterfront promenade in the capital, doha. when i arrived here at the beginning of october, the count down for the world cup was already on. although the temperature was still around 40 degrees celsius. i found the hot, humid conditions difficult to cope with. but for the migrant workers charged with getting everything ready in and around doha. the conditions were now relatively pleasant. in the summer cut are sees temperatures of 50 degrees celsius or more. heat related accidents and illness are not uncommon. and can range from fainting to strokes. oregon failure and death following international pressure cut her has taken action. in summer, laborers are no longer allowed to work outside during the hottest part of the day. limit now in would be would clement in summer before summer 2 months. and then some of your work that also yes. what the in some of it's really want as or there but is some of the, the, the month day duty didn't hop night hobby out. it blah, blah, had the o'clock, we stop, nobody can yet know something. i know it is on the fly, maybe regencia since on september, i don't know when he still was buddy every day. nobody depend upon all of the planet. no follow the money from doing foster davidson. not a good, i mean ah barbara, 3 months have been to something other than that they will. besides, the hurried is glen with. they come from poor countries like india, pakistan, or bangladesh. cutters. population is just under 3000000 of which 2 and a half 1000000 are migrant workers. that's almost 90 percent of the population. a world record. these laborers earn less than $28.00 euros a day. and yet they come with plenty of that women have heard from one another company and you see every room with his others. yes. how many people i in one room or 6 people? and how much is it for a well, how much? how much money for? well, oh, this one company, the company pay us. the laws designed to protect labourers in the heat were recently expanded. the ban on outdoor work now goes from 10 am until 3 30 pm. katara is ready since 2010 when the golf state was controversially chosen to host the world cup preparations here have been underway. 7 new stadiums were built. the loo sale stadium is the biggest seating. 80000 people. it took 5 and a half years to build and cost nearly $700000000.00 euros. the world cup organizing committee has invited well network to young people from around the world to serve as so called fan leaders. it's their job to help fans from their respective home countries arriving and caught our upon the, the program to us started from 2 years ago. there were several good collecting, collecting the people from around the world, and that they start to give them integrated will show public in one as the route, how they can book the media, what they want them to bring from broken down the rest of the world. i have a friend of the i and save money to buy one car. i am working for 4 years, but i would have been on the all of my money for this. i think it the tories are especially proud of the 974 stadium. it was built out of recycled shipping containers in an odd to sustainability and innovation. it will host 6 group matches and one match in the round of 16. the modular design with containers and prefabricated sections, rather like lego pieces meant the stadium was relatively cheap and quick to build this venue is due to be dismantled straight after the world cup and the land used for other purposes. many are already questioning how building an entire stadium for just 7 matches can be described as sustainable the we're of air conditioning systems is audible everywhere. even in the fall, with temperatures around 40 degrees celsius, the grass need special care. huge fans helped to cool the air to improve growth, but this stadium has no outdoor ac. unlike the other venues that have to be kept cool all year round. mohammed al, at one is the stadiums, facility manager. he's a could tarry easily recognizable from the traditional clothing that all could tarry. men where we'll use 974 containers until told us why. even the name of the said him said him doesn't fall under 2 presents. and i'm not on the island called of cutoff as a sort of get those will coming communication i will come and give it on to join us in the 1st a middle east and out of work up what will happen to the containers afterwards. we have the flexibility, the designed to repair the solar cycle, most of the components. so those containers can be used to build the same a stadium of the same combustion of the concentration of the war. and cathedral different countries in the world do the same capacity us for to 1000 seats. or we can build a small venues with a smaller capacity. so we can both 20000 seat still venues. in default locations, the world cup mascot marks the way to the next venue. the algae new stadium was designed by a rocky british female architect zahid. he took 5 years to build and cost almost 600000000 euros. we filmed workers on the glistening roof until an angry security guard ordered us to switch off our cameras, even though it's a public area. it was the 3rd time we been stopped by security and prevented from working german journalist and caught our analyst floaty on boa. knows all too well what happens if western journalists try to report on things that caught our secret service deems off limits. when he went to a district known as the industrial area, to film the conditions that millions of migrant workers are living and he was arrested. is common on products i as a police, the military and the secret service all came and they interrogated us for 14 hours instead of at or o'clock in the morning. we were released by the public prosecutor via when we asked if we could leave the country that we were told no, not at the moment of this one. the public prosecutor even told us that he had no sand at any more so much. it was the secret service out there and if they don't want you to leave, then you won't get out. they only hold with us again. what's your trick been like this time? he said f o n it's donna quinton. does this honey gold said silica don't give fighting cut, you can see the categories are very cautious. gob, they keep trying to caution us and even influence our reporting to a certain extent of liberty shuttle. just to day we were in the industrial area again, not mine. we haven't har, following on, which i've never experienced. that's ac own. so in the southeast it was a white 4 wheel drive with a tory malik, as emma vida, it's clear we were being monitored by the secret service. i'm constantly belinda is new level. it sheds a bad light on the country. it's either that a time when it ought to be more open in one it's high full. i think they should just say i, we've tried to change a lot. in some areas we've been successful, and others not the lumen abdullah sneezed and that's understandable is actually a moodily, each person who i've never known a country to advance so quickly as cutter has in the past 12 years fought. and i think the categories would do well to highlight that in their media campaign in central standard isla a finish cuts looks um. but most of the emir of katara, tommy been hom at attorney and his father, the former a near ham. i'd been khalifa attorney had led caught her into the modern age using the profits from oil and gas, and they haven't only focused on the economy. the state own news network al jazeera modeled on the b, b. c has been something of a revolution for the arab world. it was the 1st arabic broadcaster to air, not just men spokesman, but alternative views as well. the opening of western universities is also part of katara modernization plan. i've come to the renowned american georgetown university in doha. here i meet gab none among a professor of international relations and golf studies. he's lived and worked here for more than a decade and is well acquainted with cutters, political vision. while staging the world cup in the desert seems absurd to many. he says for the categories, it makes perfect sense. the basic idea was always that this will break. going to bring visibility. emma in a measure of soft power. a by persuading the will that aid caught out as little just about camels in san oil, but also the key aimed was that to make this part of their developmental strategy strategy for long term development. so the world cup was one of those things are fits in that strategy. so it's both the question about visibility and you can a long term economic development. that development is visible everywhere. areas that we're just desert back in the 1980s, now boasts skyscrapers office towers and luxury hotels. the futuristic skyline has all developed in the last 30 years. society has also changed and not all categories are happy about it. some parts of society, this is going very fast and there is some people have felt very uncomfortable with literally everything's changed to generations. but again, the top of the ruling family had been on the one hand very clear where they wanted to go, which is modernized without losing authenticity and identity. but on the other hand, they've implemented it in ways that try to bring in the to, to bring in consensus. although some people are unhappy cutters in years have one over many with state benefits that are 2nd to none. category. citizens receive generous allowances and salaries, education, and excellent healthcare are all provided for free, and there are no taxes. i've arranged to meet maria again the fan liter from argentina. she's lived in doha for 8 years and works for a company that helps south american businesses who are looking to gain a foothold and caught our. she says argentinians both here and back home are very excited about the world cup. right now we are over $6700.00 that we are and even hearing that. and we are expecting more about it more than $70000.00. yeah, it will you said to the attend tina fence when they come over 1st. if they can read the v 30, they can be in touch with someone that is leaving here. it's nice to know if either by the quarter it's different or to our conser. of course, we have like a dress code here to got that on use of cover your folder, some neat, but it's not every word. if you see here, we at that we are in the cornish, you would see it man or woman with shorts or without sleeves. and then, well, of course that go home that they will not be able to buy their go holding for market. but they would, they can drink beer or, or any alcohol drink in bar sorer. yeah. on, on by or bumps and even defense zones in some of them it, they will fine. so i think would be fine and losing. there could be problems with unmarried couples. no, he hadn't got that. no one ask you about anything like if, if i want to go to, well, i'm not really, but if i want to go to a hotel room with a friend, i can do it. they will not. they will not requested marriage certificate as where they woke up. i'm sure that they will not be with foreign tourists, may not face such questions, but it could tarry. woman certainly would sexual relations outside of marriage or band for women. if an unmarried woman gets pregnant, she will not only be ostracized, she's likely to end up in prison, and she can't access medical care either. if all goes to check on that pregnancy issues and so on, you have to be married. so that's true. that studies absent through and so that's problematic if you, if you deliver a baby and you have that again, you can be, if you aren't marriage, you can't show you're married, that you're in trouble. and these are things that are, that are problematic. and that stem really from a society that still in large part is pretty conservative about these kinds of moral gender questions and so on. and this is not just truth. look at the women, this is true for anybody. so that's why you have his, he stories about sometimes domestic stuff that has a relationship or whatever and days that in trouble. it's not as if they're going to get mistreated, but they will often be arrested and has to be detained. women are 2nd class citizens and carter and subject to their male relatives. they're not free to make decisions about their own lives. whether they want to marry, study, work or travel. they're dependent on the goodwill of their father, husband, or brother. but also the limitations. the official limitations on travel under a certain age you have to have permission from a male figure of the pharmacy in the family. if you are a country, will you marry a non category, then your children, all, they will not get all the benefits of a country citizenship crisis. so whereas if you're a country band, you might, for women than your children, will have citizenship and all these things. so these are the sorts of things that, that you find a lot of young catholic women, and then we'll just young color, aggravating about public. it's also a subject of debate in education city, a vast campus linked by tram that includes satellite institutes of renown, u. s. french and british universities, 70 percent of the students in doha, are women. unlike the men most wouldn't be allowed to study abroad. there's growing opposition here to the practice of mail guardianship over women. and the fact that category men can still have 4 wives at the same time. the former emir, for example, has 3 wives and 27 children. but not a single category woman was willing or perhaps allowed to speak to us on camera. ah, i've come to carters national museum, which boasts impressive architecture. it takes visitors on a journey through the history of the small desert state. until the 19th thirty's, the pearl trade was caught our biggest source of income. britain's queen elizabeth was later given a pro necklace. when she visited katara, the decline of the pearl industry was followed by a period in the 1940s known as the years of hunger. but in the 1950s, katara began producing oil on a significant scale. then in the 1970s, the world's largest natural gas field was discovered most of it in carters territorial waters. and from the mid nineties cut her began selling liquefied natural gas all over the world. it was the income from that gas that financed katara is unprecedented. modernization drive under the leadership of van emir, hama, been khalifa attorney. he was also the one in 2000 the 10 who saw a counter awarded hosting rights for the world cup. his son, the current, a mere tommy, been hammered. attorney has continued his policies. but he came under pressure when rival arab states slapped a blockade on katara that last several years. why don't accept anybody to safeguard that sovereignty carter has excelled in networking and become an international mediator. dollhouse sheraton hotel has served repeatedly as a venue for talks between various warring parties from the us to the taliban cutter has made its foreign policy as broad as possible. the strategy is, 1st of all, complete pragmatism was no ideological element to this. it's been a decision right from the beginning from let's see, the early ninety's onwards. when she hammered the call on the father and the father of the current and he has set out to secure us visibility and security. anchored, of course, in the prime security guarantor, the united states whom they gave is huge ad base dade abby's. so they became very useful for the us who want when they want to talk to iran, very useful to the u. s. also. and they wanted to some place to connect to send messages to, to have ultimately conversations with the taliban. so got that and responses says fine, they can come and set up an office here, and you guys could meet each other. each week men flocked to the national ground mosque for friday prayers. the emir also praise here accessing the building via his own underground entrance. most categories are well hobbies, followers of a particularly conservative form of his law, me. both private groups and government organizations have provided lavish donations to promote conservative his love in other countries. also in europe, which has caused considerable tensions. but there is evidence that cutter is scaling back its activities. ah, some of that money went not just to mosques and so on. and don g breaches bought to basically yardi types in the, around the world. and so that the cutter is because the government clearly saw this is not something that they wanted. and they've been cracking down very hard on that with new laws and very stringent controls, to the extent that any, even any kind of very innocent charitable collection. you actually have to clear with the government 1st. next i want to try out door has new metro, like many infrastructure project. it was built as part of the preparations for the world cup. all the stations and trains have good air conditioning, a necessity and carter. because of the heat and because gasoline is dirt cheap here, most got tories go everywhere by car. public transport still needs to catch on more widely metal on what other countries is a very new concept in gulf region. and we plan on integrating the metal into the daily lives, all the residents, all these and all that. so it is a challenge, but i believe we all succeeded. we have love, we have implemented some funds to integrate all the, all the rosin as usual. another official is present during our interview whether to provide support or to monitor the conversation is unclear. we continue to get stopped regularly by police and security officials who question us, scan our passports and compare them with databases. the authorities here are very suspicious of journalists, like every one arriving and caught our we were required to download a covert app on our cell phones at the airport. this means we can be tracked at all times and our phones monitored. building work is underway all over doha, qatar owes a lot to migrant workers, many of whom are poorly paid and not well treated. but under international pressure, some things do appear to have improved. this building houses the office of the international labor organization in 2018 cut are opened its doors to the iowa and began cooperating with labor law experts. the ilo says, reports that more than 6000 workers have died while building world cup. then use our false 6500 is total number of south asian nationals who died in car over a 10 year period. it doesn't distinguish between whether the, the work related death or non work related. it doesn't even distinguish between people, workers or non economically active people. we commissioned our own work, our own piece of work to collect data from different hospitals, emergency departments, ambulance cetera, to come up, the more accurate figure on work related injuries, invest. and in that we saw that there were 50 work related death in 202500 6 severe injuries and 37000 miles and moderate injuries. safety standards have since improved. the ban on working in the heat had been expanded, and a minimum wage introduced the notorious casala program, which gave employers complete control over their workers has been scaled back. but these improvements are not being applied everywhere. the new laws need to be enforced. poor working conditions, harmed patters, reputation, and limit further economic development to all the fields from them. thus i think those of us coming from the west, i can't even imagine what life is like for many of the migrant workers here to help me foster they work 12 hours a day in the heat, the orbits, and they live with 68 or 10 other workers in one room in that is just 14 or 16 square meters in size, and dylan gusta barton an item home. they worked 6 days a week and they 12 hours a day, plus one hour traveled there. and when our battle numb, shook down the hall, that doesn't leave much time for themselves, should us will to healy. but that's not only typical for cutter. hottest the same and other parts of the gulf and the world. and that should be reported on to them. but okay, other parts of the world aren't being allowed to host the world cup if he saw them . why doesn't science? so our katara residents actually interested in football mohammed from egypt heads a school here. unlike migrant workers in the low wage sector, qualified workers with a good salary can bring their wives and children to katara. i'm very excited. i'm waiting for all the dns. it'll come watch and enjoy. oh, so i'm waiting for my favorite theme, brazil. second theme france. i like this. michelle brazilians are very good theme. and you like me who and brazilian junior vinicius, when you have your team, a live level. well, this is me for you. this won't cover this for the 1st time posted by eric. come for the 1st fireman on a blog, them very exciting. a lie exists on thy sink and shall la copa. she will make something amazing and without waiting for this, all of us all was the one who are supporting, cut back on the sea front. soccer also dominates the conversation. it's friday when workers have their day off. these young men all support south american teams. i do not have a very good job, missy. busy probably i like missy. what is your favorite team? they would not something, but i didn't do not. i didn't hear all of your argentina, didn't you? or has it, rosie? for those who have to work even on friday, 5 pm is shift change. while some are arriving for work, others wait for buses that will take them back to their accommodation on the edge of the city. many have since left the country, cut are decided to send them home to create space for hundreds of thousands of fans . but even here, there is no criticism of carter or the working conditions, perhaps because people are afraid of repercussions if they talk. one thing seems clear, cut or says it will not provide a compensation fund for the families of those who died on the construction sites. something many have called for as the sun goes down and the temperature becomes more bearable, more katara can also be seen out and about at the bazaar. the women wear the long black a buyer, while the men are dressed in white. c this part of the market sells birds and other pets. even though the bazaar is newly built and just made to look all it very much reflects traditional arab culture. many categories were planning to leave the city before the hordes of foreign fans descended. not all of them are happy about the mega event, and the western influence that goes with it by this hundreds of the west much is not right in katara. but some consider the tiny emeralds, a model of success by gulf region standards. the world cup has highlighted the struggle in the arab world to find a balance between tradition and modernity, between authoritarianism, human rights, and the desire to play a role on the world stage to own or not to own. what about a sharing economy instead? a change in thinking is changing the economy to create something new. the economics magazine read in germany on d. w. ah, what secrets lie behind these walls? discover new adventures in 360 degrees and explore fascinating world heritage sites. d, w world heritage. 360, get the app now ah this week in world stories how russian propaganda works. finding new homes for dogs in columbia.