discovered a massive show in france. 3.7 million march across the country in unity after the attacks last month that killed 17. video surfaces showing the gunmen that killed four hostages at a kosher mark. in it the killer pledges allegiance in a video to i.s.i.l. after weeks of bloodshed it was a day of mourning. many world leaders were among the crowd. we begin with dana lewis in paris. >> what an incredible day in france. numbers were as founding. 3.7 million marched in different rallies across the country. in paris there was an original estimate double what the french authorities anticipated. in the end people were united defiant, all in the message in condemning the violence of the past week. french authorities expected up to a million people would come. they did, and a million more. for hours, parisway gridlocked with people squeezed shoulder to shoulder. at times uncomfortably, and no one seemed to mind. the attack angered a group of lawyers, from the "charlie hebdo" attack. >> french society, our freedom, and the fact that we can make fun of religion. >> reporter: guns against the pencils of journalists. he believes the attack was designed to describe muslims and other states. >> this will happen again, for sure. i think it will happen in spain, in england, and we have to change the laws to get rid of the people. >> reporter: the french government want changes. they want to send a message that militants will not divide france, it will unite it. a chance of liberty echoed down the street signs saying "we are charlie" a sign of solidarity symbolized with props of giant pencils. france is a motorcycleaic of religious culture -- mosaic of religious culture, this man's mother is muslim father christian, and there is no way to divide society here. >> it is sad. what emerged is everyone is united again. that's a lot of description between people. >> in the crowd of criminologists who advise american authorities, elaine bauer says the attackers were known to authorities, they were not watching them. >> massive intelligence. >> very good data. good response to the threat. and the gap in understanding it. understanding the thread is a change for france and all of europe and america. despite the solidarity shown today, it is a threat that will not go away. >> the threat of more violence is one of the reasons that you saw 40 world leaders here including the u.s. attorney-general and leaders across the middle east marching in the street in solidarity with the people of france. >> the turn out in paris was massive. possibly the largest history of france. leading the way was an extraordinary gathering of world leaders. al jazeera's phil lavelle has more. >> the sense of defiance against the attacks in paris is obvious. at that unity rally some interesting faces. all in all around 40 countries represented. not just from europe but as far away as the united states. mallee and imageer. let's look at the -- niger. let's look at the big names. first of all algeria. it was part of the france since 1962. a huge number of french muslims have links to the african nation. the kouachi brothers the men behind the "charlie hebdo" shooting were born to algerian parents. the fourth suspect hayat boumeddiene had algerian parents. then the u.k.led to paris, a european ally david cameron um for re-election, there to give his support. like france the u.k. has been struggling with the issue of home-grown fighters who trained abroad. then there is israel. represented in force with three key faces. the foreign minister the economy minister and the prime minister. binyamin netanyahu. palestinian president mahmoud abbas is also there. france had the largest jewish population in the e.u. binyamin netanyahu is publicly inviting jews living in europe to move to israel. his presence to support the jewish community, shocked by the attack on a kosher supermarket. that is where the hostage taker is shot dead. russia's foreign minister - interesting, because russia is out in the cold so to speak the due to the situation in ukraine. for example, it wasn't invited to the g7 meeting. nevertheless there's a feeling that differences need to be put aside, albeit temporarily. russia has its own problems with attacks in clem nia and pak tan. vladimir putin is criticized about freedom of speech and claims of silencing his critics in the russian media. then there's turkey. the prime minister was personally invited here. there are some reports that europe's most wanted the only surviving suspect, nicolas dumulong could have travelled to istanbul and then on to syria. ironically turkey has been accused of clamping down on free speech and protests with attempts to ban twitter. so the message here the people of france are supported internationally. the u.s. representative used the visit to announce what has been called a high level global anti-terrorism meeting in washington next month. these are countries determined to support each other at every level. to combat a mutual concern, a mutual fear. >> al jazeera's phil lavelle. the pen is mightier than the sword. that is one of many messages people wanted to get across. al jazeera's tim friend was in the middle of the crowd and he asked what it meant to be there. they want to show that they are united in the belief that freedom of expression is paramount and they have to defend their right. some have done it from the precarous position of the monument in the middle of the square. i think you were seeing this shot or this picture - temporarily blocked out by an enthusiastic poster waver. seeing the picture from my colleague rory challands's view from up above. let's again talk to some of the demonstrators at ground level, if we come back down again. they like wise have the posters up. they'll have to take them down. why is it important to be here. why are you here? >> liberty for france. it's an old story. like drawing or writing, and it's not surprising to see everybody outside today - family kids everybody is normal just simple. >> families across the generations, one of the things i notice, across religion and not just france as well. from other countries. >> i finish with religion in 1798. it's an old story. there's a separation between the religion and government. >> you are protecting the resolution. what is your message to the world leaders? >> thank you very much. and the one who is muslim. i want to give the message, all of the people that islam never support, never support terrorists. islam never support people. islam. >> tim friend after the rally, israeli prime minister binyamin netanyahu attended a memorial with president francis hollande and expressed the need of freedom of expression. he highlighted israel's involvement with the west and common values. france currently has the largest jewish population in europe 550,000. all over france the relationship between the muslim community and other groups has been a topic of discussion since the attack on "charlie hebdo". zeina khodr reports this large gathering was a show of defines, a message of solidarity and condemnation of killings in paris. behind the slogans was an underlining feeling of distrust and fear of one another. marseilles is france's second largest city. it has been one of the most diverse societies in the country with a large muslim population and a sizeable jewish community. some chose to make their identity clear - i am charlie, i am the police and i am a jew. france's jews have long felt like targets. the hostage crisis at the kosher store on friday was a sign of what is to come. this could happen to any of us. this is terrible. all the jews flee from france. >> authorities have been trying to calm fear. the promise and the increased presence does little to convince many that violence can be prevented. >> many are afraid saying last week's attacks are the beginning. some said that the enemy lives among them and the authorities will not be able to win the fight. this feeling is capitalized by france's far rite which gained popularity in the south of france. the ideology it represents is attracting support, especially after the recent violence. >> it is true such event encourage people to join the far right. >> it is that feeling that worries muslims concerned about if communities can continue to live together. >> there are divisions in marr say, like everywhere else but the problem is nothing is done to bring communities together. >> this city has long-been considered a melting pot video of the man who attacked a jewish supermarket in paris, killing a french police woman the day before emerged. a regarding pledging allegiance to i.s.i.l.'s leader has been released by a french radio station. in it he speaks out against the western military campaigns in syria, in mali and describes osama bin laden as an inspiration. he was killed when police raided the supermarket where he had been holding multiple hostages. four died in that raid. "charlie hebdo" was provocative, at times offensive and made enemies i talked earlier with a film-maker and asked his impressions of the magazine. >> when "charlie hebdo" was taken to court by muslim associations who were asking them why they were publishing carr took place, that was back in 2006, 2007 after the problems with mohammed cartoons published by a danish newspaper. back in the day, "charlie hebdo" was convinced - the people were convinced there was a point to be made a point that even though there are religions, things that - believers deemed sacred journalists have a right - freedom of speech to make fun of everything and that is what "charlie hebdo" was. it was the first line of defense in the freedom of expression making fun of everything. for them today, you know obviously what happened is dramatic. but food for them to see everyone gathered around them all the people they made fun of you know these guys made fun of muslims, they made fun more fundamentalists, which is a big difference. but they also made fun of fundamentalists christians fun of the president, they made fun of america, of every country in the world. so for them to have all these people they used to make fun of, and people who took them to trial. have them around them today, to say "yes we are with you" and they have to continue. that is something incredible to them. >> attorney general eric holder did not attend the rally, replaced by jane hartley, but was in paris. there was no reason for the substitution. earlier he attended the anti-terrorism summit. he appeared on n.b.c.'s meet the press, and said the events in paris highlighted the need for surveillance of individuals in the united states. >> we are not going to do anything that you would term a roll back that would endanger the american people. we talked to people in the intelligence community. we talked to people in our congress and came up with a way that we can enhance the privacy concerns that people have expressed. at the same time making sure that we keep the american people keep the american people safe. >> the white house will hold a counterterrorism summit of its own. the february 18th meeting focuses on stopping the spread of groups that advocates violence. rallies in support of france would be held around the world. one was in washington d.c. among the marchers was the french politician. hundreds of israeli citizens rallied to show their support for the french people and its jewish population. the vigil took place and is meant to coincide. >> several participated in two separate rallies, one organised by french students the other by spanish muslim groups. that was held at the train station, the site of a terror attack a decade ago in the spanish capital. demonstrators carry banners saying not in our name in response to the paris attack. >> muslims rallied in india controlled kashmir on sunday with a message that islam is a religion of peace. it gathered to commemorate the birth of prophet muhammad on january 4th. a silent protest for free speech outside the headquarters of the egyptian city for journalists. they held up slogans "jes suis charlie," in an expression of solidarity with french colleagues. still ahead - investigators locate a critical clue in the investigation of the airasia crash plus the new republican controlled congress is expected to form talking about the white house immigration policy and the affordable care act. we discuss that and what else is making news on the political scene coming up next. next. [[vo]] ground-breaking & >>they're firing canisters and gas at us! [[vo]] emmy award winning investigative series. it's now a matter of time until the black boxes from the crash are recovered. search crews know where they are, but have not been able to reach them yet. officials say the black boxes are trapped in the wreckage and efforts to bring them to the surface begin tomorrow. improving weather is aiding the effort. the bodies of 48 passengers have been recovered so far. a major part to the recovery came to shore. the tail section is on land in indonesia. experts are searching for clues that could pinpoint the cause of the crash. there were 162 people aboard when the plane went down two weeks ago on a flight center surabaya in indonesia. >> the washington controlled congress begins a political battle with republicans. republicans are planning an assault on the white house's policies. they are expected to introduce legislation to defund federal programs related to the executive action on immigration. the g.o.p. wants to roll back the presidential order giving legal status to undocumented migrants brought to the u.s. as children. what does this mean? joining me to discuss the coming fight is al jazeera political correspondent michael shure. good to see you. the president promising to wield his veto power. can the republicans gather votes for an override? >> it will be tough. the president now - his popularity is steady climbing a little bit, but not in a zone where you can call him popular. the democratic caucus in the house is tight. the democratic caucus in the senate is tight. a silver lining of some of the senators the democratic senators that lost in november is a lot were considered the conservative type. they are not there to mess with the caucus trade off so the republicans can get their votes. we know they are there, we know where the democratic votes are. it makes it cleaner. it will be tough for the republicans right thou. >> remains to be seen. i haven't asked you this. the 2016 presidential election. mitt romney looks like he's on a presidential run in 2016. what can he bring that he didn't bring last time. >> you know it's a great question. what mitt can bring this time is experience but he cannot bring that he has a constituency. even a constituency within the republican party. they tried him. some of them held their noses in the primaries and tried them. this time it is not there. a lot of things he promised including bringing unemployment down by 2017 happened and he was not president. that is going to be diff. it will be difficult for -- going to be diff. it will be difficult for him to raise money, go after the voters and communicate xri. that brings up -- community. >> who is the voter that chooses him over jed bush. >> that will be the problem for mitt romney. you'll have to look at someone who has a problem with the diane aftic sense that jed bush brings -- din aftic sense that jush brings. mitt romney waffled on that bush was better for the republicans. if he's decisive he can do that. there's a network he has. a bush hasn't run for office since 2004. there's a 10-12 year gap. he has that network and has been going since before 2012. i think that that is going to be what he'll go after. in terms of who cuts the profile, you look at the bankers, and the conservative fiscal conservatives in the republican party. i tend to think they'll look for a new favour. >> looking ahead to 2016, does the republican party have an image problem. they did well in the midterms. the problem is not necessarily about image, it's about what image you project. as a party in the mid terms, it's up to different candidates to say what they stand for, and what you stand for in missouri only matters in missouri. what you stand for in missouri matters for the nation if you run for president. that will be difficult for the republicans, who are they what is the party, and they are fractured. doesn't mean they have time to heal the fractures and close the divide. they have to see what happens in the house of representatives, in the senate and a lot will run for senate in tight raises. they have to come out with what their brand is. it seems a little at sea about that. >> a rumble over this one. how much of a thorn is this in the republican side. >> the straw poll in iowa is a campy thing, republicans put it together. usually in aims for the university of iowa. it doesn't have a great record of predicting who the president is. michele bachmann won it last time six weeks later she was out. it is a little bit of a joke to the republicans, who say let's not do this. we have seen people like michele bachmann win. george w. bush and john mccain. it also cost plenty when he saw the effect of michele bachmann. he said he was not going to run. doesn't matter to some people. >> we'll have to leave it there. michael shure, political contributor joining us from las vegas. still ahead on al jazeera america a look at the massive marches around paris after last week's deadly attacks. on the eve of a 5-year anniversary, there's political unrest in haiti. protesters demand the president leaves office. that's straight ahead. welcome back to al jazeera america, here are the stories we are following - it was the largest march in french history, more than a million marching through the streets. some held a french flag others carrying signs of the victims. "charlie hebdo" attacks. video of a man who attacked a jewish supermarket on friday and killed a french police woman the day before emerged. amedy coulibaly is seen pledging allegiance to i.s.i.l.'s leader abu bakr al-baghdadi. amedy coulibaly was killed when police raided a supermarket on friday where he had been holding multiple hostages. four hostages died in the raid investigators believe they have located the black boxes from the airasia crash. 162 people died when the flight went down two weeks ago off the coast of indonesia. more on the top story. the enormous turn out at unity rallies in france. jacky rowland talks about the extraordinary day. >> a president and a people. united in their loss. words of comfort for the families who lost loved ones and gestures of support for those who survived. the victims were journalists, police officers, and customers of a jewish supermarket. unconnected before now linked by the violent actions of three men. leaders from more than 40 countries stood shoulder to shoulder with the french president. on this day the president said paris is the capital of the world. people gathered at place de la republique the traditional starting point for marches in the city. men and women, young and old united in their wish to reaffirm the french values of freedom, equality and fraternity. >> they think it's important to show our support to the people who died during those attacks. and to show they we support freedom of speech. >> i must say i was not particularly in favour of the kind of cartoons that were portrayed by the journalists. organizers. are expecting a million people in the end there were more. it was an interesting site. the square was packed people spilling into the streets. paris has not seen things like this since the city was under nazi occupation. the french had a meeting bringing together counterparts from europe and the u.s. attorney-general. acknowledgment that they are facing a threat transcending national borders. we need to approach this globally and operationally. we have identified two areas where we hope to affirm and enforce our cooperations. the ways we stop the movement of foreign fighters and the fight against factors of radicalizations especially on the internet. politicians will need to strike a balance between protecting their citizens and upholding the freedoms that western democracies value. back out on the streets and the marches started to move forward. walking the short but symbolic route to place des la nation. the violent event struck at the heart of the capital, threatening to drive a wedge between different communities. the loud and clear reply from all these people - france is united funeral arrangements for some of the paris victims have been made in israel. four jewish hostages killed during a standoff at a kosher supermarket will be laid to rest saturday morning at a jerusalem cemetery. this is result of efforts by prime minister binyamin netanyahu to bring the remains there. the carnage could have been worse. a muslim shop employee is called a hero after possibly saving the lives of 15 shoppers trapped in the store. 24-year-old, an immigrant from mali says he hid the 15 in a freezer unit in the basement of a store and turned off the lights as the attacker was upstairs. >> translation: among the people with me there was a 2-year-old child as well. i put them inside closed the door and told them to stay calm i'll go out. i went up looked ever and i didn't see him. >> police initially thought he was a suspect, and he was held for several hours after the attack. a surprise attack by i.s.i.l. forces left 24 fighters dead. it happened outside the city of mosul in northern iraq. the heaviest fighting took place from a town held by i.s.i.l. retaken by peshmerga soldiers. the iraqi's army battle against i.s.i.l. is intensifying. it's heavier in villages along the highway linking baghdad to baiji, home of a big oil refinery. mohammed adow reports. >> reporter: the sun pierces through the orchard surrounding villages villages. it lights up the battlefield. the army this morning attacks a village. it's along the highway linking baghdad to baiji. >> translation: we are making gains, we are now at a village to the north. forces are advancing, the army will be victorious over the army. >> as the fighting intensifies some troops take cover. this is not a conventional war, and i.s.i.l.'s tactics say the men are draining energy. they are, however, thankful for the air support they have got. it's what is making the difference for them. in the distance smoke rises from an i.s.i.l. hideout in one of the firms targeted by an army helicopter. supporting the army are the militia men from the popular mobilization forces. they say they will never give up. >> we will hunt them down wherever they go by the blessages, we'll defeat them and kill them one by one as we say we cherish you success, the army moves into the village. they pushed opponent back towards tikrit. they have to move carefully, because improvised explosive devices are almost everywhere. some of the houses have been destroyed by explosives and booby traps that i.s.i.l. left behind. this area is deserted. 200,000 residents fled before the fighting got to the village. iraqi police destroyed explosive devices. the army has a big job at hand. it nose i.s.i.l.'s tactics too well and can't afford to relax. i.s.i.l. is using car and suicide bombings against positions of iraqi army and those of the peshmerga fighters in the kurdish region. dozens of troops were killed in the past in the past few days alone tonight - political and social unrest in haiti. protesters demand the president leave office. if leadership decisions are not made by torp the fifth anniversary of the earthquake it could resolve. >> things are moving fast here. we are at a hotel ball room in haiti. here, right now, president michel martelly and his delegation is meeting with the opposition political parties, trying to hammer out a last-minute agreement to reach an agreement to end the political crisis. we are hearing on another side of town a u.s. group is meeting with the organization of american states trying to mediate a deal and at the same time lawmakers are meeting at the parliament building if their mandate expires on monday by midnight so no agreement, if no agreement is reached parliament is dissolved and the president would rule by decree something that could throw the country into deeper political turmoil. while all this is going on there has been street protests including on sunday now as well. potential protesters are calling for president martelly to resign and step down. that is something he said all along that he would not do. all of this happening on the eve of 5-year anniversary of a terrible earthquake killing 230,000. we invite you to join us tonight as we focus on haiti's recovery from the 2010 i take. that's on "the week ahead" at 8:30 eastern, 5:30 pacific. a solemn anniversary in nearby guantanamo bay. 13 years ago the first detainees arrived at the detention center. since that time the controversial prison housed as many as 780 detainees. as of today most trend to other countries. president obama promised in 2009 that he would close the facility. in the state department special envoy, the envoy believes the president will follow through. >> guantanamo bay will be closed by the time the president leaves office. >> republican congress... >> nobody should underestimate president obama's determination and commitment. >> british prime minister david cameron is raising the case of one detainee when he meets with president obama. the prime minister will ask that a saudi citizen with residence in the u.k. be released after 13 years of no trial or charges. it's been 379 days since three al jazeera journalists were detained in egypt. peter greste, mohamed fadel fahmy and baher mohamed were sentenced. they've been accused of having ties to the muslim brotherhood. al jazeera rejects the charges and demands the journalists release. anita ek berd known for her appearance as passed away. she made a mark in a film as she trolled past the foupt an in an evening gown. she went on to other film including "war and peace" and passed away after an undisclosed illness. and will be buried in rome. >> coming up on al jazeera america - how the falling price of oil is creating economic chaos in venezuela. you probably think donating clothes is a good thing. it is causing problems in one country in africa. welcome back. wall street is watching to see how much the falling price of oil will affect consumers. investors home users will use savages savings on retail and other products. cheaper oil pricers not necessarily good news across the board "real money"'s mary snow explains some states are facing lower revenues and budget short false, and that could mean major cuts. >> reporter: sinking oil prices are amounting to a surprise tax break for drivers. the drop in gas prices saved american consumers $14 billion last year. it's been equally surprising to states like alaska relying on a strong energy market. >> i'd say a general mood of we've had a socialing wake-up call and we face some very significant choices. >> alaska's governor has halted six spending projects and asked the public for cost-cutting ideas. the alaska dispatch reports 4-day school weeks to a state lottery is suggested. the state faces a shortfall because it relies heavily on taxes tied to the energy industry. >> in alaska it's significant - 90% of the general revenue is from oil and gas. the state doesn't have broad based taxes like a personal income tax that helps to mitigate the changes of oil and gas. >> alaska stands to be hurt the most by dropping oil prices and is among the eight states that will see strains on the budget. north dakota rems on money from -- relies on money from oil and gas thanks to the fracking boom. in louisiana, for every dollar drop there is a $12 million loss to the state's general fund. texas is bracing for losses and is haunted by memories of a recession in the 1980s, when oil plunged. the difference now is the state is diversified. >> it is a main drive of a text economy. when you have an oil crisis it will affect the economy. we will lose jobs. but it doesn't mean we are going to go into negative territory. >> in texas 140,000 jobs could be lost in the next year. that's according to an economist at the federal reserve bank of dallas. the jobs are not just in the oil and gas sector or in related industries like the manufacturing of pipelines. what is unclear is how much the losses will be offset by consumers who have more money to spend and boost the economy for a country like venezuela, the falling oil prices is turning a difficult economic situation into a disaster. it is in recession, inflation at 60% and there's shortages from everything from milk to car parts. >> reporter: a fight in the middle of the supermarket. they received a shipment of soap. everyone wanted to get it back. january has seen shortages of many products in venezuela, like milk beef, chicken and shampoo. people queued for more that eight hours to be given a number to go into the supermarket. >> if you don't have a number you can't go in we are treated like cattle now. this must stop. it's humiliateing. >> it's slightly tense today outside the supermarket, because we are hearing reports that looting it going on in some places of the capital. the guard has been called in. >> many people are frustrated and angry that venezuela has joined countries like cuba and north korea in rationing food. what happens is that the government wants to sell whatever it can find to put there, so we buy what they want us to buy basically. >> sorely of the president hugo chavez and now his successor implemented price controls on basic goods and subsidised them. with low oil prices the model has been imploding. venezuela relies on food from abroad. restrictions mean importers can't buy goods. president madura is on a foreign tour asking china for loans and saudi arabia for help concerning dropping oil prices. the food minister is trying to calm angry citizens. >> we had problems from the supply side no doubt, but the opposition is lying when they say there's no food in venezuela. they do not agree. they set up a twitter account to notify parents when products hit the shovels. -- hit the shelves. >> i've been affected. i have a 1 year-old and always am searching to find soap and medicines. >> reporter: the situation has hit rock bottom the people are fed up. during the holiday season charities receive large numbers of donated second-hand clothes, most ending up on the african continent. we have this report from senegal. >> just arrived another shipment of donations from the u.k. second-hand sweaters t-shirt and trousers to be unpacked and sorted. on a few rare occasions a dress attracts attention. a dress this woman doesn't dream of owning. lost in a bundle of clothes, and packed up. >> translation: i love the dress. i would have to buy it to get it. >> reporter: clothes donate are not handed out to people but sold to wholesalers, performed by the kilo, spending 30 to thousands of dollars. o.x.f.a.m. is not the only one. other charities do the same. >> this means people getting involved into a revenue generating activity and the clothes itself ends up in the hands of the media. charities are fuelling a billion second-hand clothing industry in africa. in senegal, it's booming. >> >> translation: it's cheap and of good quality. the only way to get the latest fashion from europe. >> almost all of it is made in china. people in developed countries are going through clothes faster than of. >> last year the french threw away 11 kilos of clothe per person. the british 13 kilos, and the americans 13 kilos. most end up in landfill. >> oxfam says since the global economic crisis in 2008 people choose to donate less. some economists believe clothes from donors are drowning the local market. >> this is killing senegal's textile industry. we have farmers that grow cot job, we have garment factories. we have the know how. we can't compete with second hand clothes. >> the government announced subsidies. but a $10 dress is a bargain many find hard to resist. >> when we come back - why so little research has been done on the effects of marijuana. plus a look at your forecast with rebecca stevenson. >> winter weather outside and an ice storm around. i show you how much ice you can expect, and when it changes to snow. the timing just ahead. >> call amy smith at work >> when we're behind the wheel >> basically we just don't multi-task as well as we think... >> are we focused on what's ahead? >> what could those misses mean? >> distracted driving... the new road hazard >> i'm driving like a maniac >> you're distracted... >> techknow's team of experts show you how the miracles of science... >> this is my selfie... what can you tell me about my future? >> can effect and surprise us... >> don't try this at home >> techknow... where technology meets humanity... only on al jazeera america a big part of legalizing marijuana is how much the state could generate in fees. that number was $59.7 million. legalization advocates are using the results to push legalization in states with weak economies. 23 states in the district of columbia allow medical marijuana use. there's little scientific research showing the affects of pot on the brain and body. it's not because of a lack of effort. >> erin hine was 18 years old when he went to night in iraq. >> some of the mortars came close my position. couple of people in my company were killed. >> reporter: as with others the trauma followed him home. >> i would be at a park and my brain would wonder around thinking what would the scene look like if a bomb dropped on it. >> reporter: initially he used alcohol and drugs to cope with anxiety attacks. then he started to smoke pot. >> it allows me to focus on daily tasks and enjoy my life. >> he is one of 20 million americans that use marijuana on a regular basis. states are passing world-changing laws on nothing but anecdote. that's because federal law stifled research. we don't know how pot affects driving, life expectancy or anything. we don't know if it can treat a soldiers p.t.s.d. >> veterans is a population for which marijuana is important to understand. i could tell a doctor that i'm suffering from angst and i need marijuana, and i could get it and use it legally. if i said i want marijuana, because i want to study it the effect on the brain and body. that would take me a year. that's crazy. >> heroin cocaine, lsd, m.d.m. a and ecstasy, they are easier to study than marijuana. >> brad burge works for a money profit to lig it mice pot nationwide. i studied aspirin, prozac lsd, that is it. all we have to do is get the drug and start the study. for marijuana, there's a whole other series of reviews. >> to study cannabis researches need approval from four separate agencies and an open-ended public health review unique to pot that can stole research forever. >> the pressure on the federal government is greater than it has ever been to allow the research to go forward. that is setting up a political opportunity, and the obama administration being asked to step in. >> if i didn't have marijuana as a coping mechanism, i would have turned to alcohol, maybe something harder or inflicting self-harm. all lanes of interstate 94 in kalamazoo county were open. heavy nice and slick pavements is being blamed for a 193 car pile-up on friday. it was quite the scene. one person was killed two dozen hospitalized. it took crews two days to clean up including acid spills from a tanker truck. wintry weather continues across the country. let's go to rebecca stevenson. >> we still have a problem where there's cold air up north, and the warm air coming from the south. now we have a winter mix causing ice, sleet and snow and a warning going in to impact parts of the midwest. indianapolis, across parts of illinois. that's where we got the focus for the icing overnight. if we zoom in closer across the warnings and the hazard for the area you can see we have snow concerns for south-west idaho, and down into nevada. it's the span of weather from the mid atlantic to the east coast that will give the mix of freezing weather. freezing rain can impact west virginia. going from seven in fargo, 30 in omaha, down to 37 for tulsa. the warmer air slowly but surely working its way up on top of thin cold air. so then your snow flake crystal melts and hits and freezes. that's why we have the concerns especially in the indianapolis where you see the mix. thunder storms will hit parts of the south-east tomorrow with the storm. it's stretching across west virginia and parts of pennsylvania. new jersey you'll probably get a cold rain. during the early morning hours. we have to be careful on the roads in the north-east. we are expecting that as it tracks, to move through monday. it will cause slippery roads. slick roads. the snow will be heaviest south of lake erie. around cleveland, you can expect a higher amount of snow 3-6 numbers of. it will be cold but a lighter alt of snow. that will keep the snow up the canadian border. temperatures are chilly but there's a bump on the way up. texture added in. >> light at the end of the tunnel. >> we'll stay on the chilly side. it will not be an arctic blast. >> let's warm things up. surfing in australia - the country is a major destination for top of surfers from around the world. al jazeera's andrew thomas has this report from the beach near sydney. >> reporter: today it is one of the popular beeches in sydney. a century ago it was the scene of an historic event. fresh water beach is known as the home of surfing of the the statute of duke that stands above it explains why. he was an olympic gold medal winning swiller. the hawaiian also surfed. when he came to australia, he brought his board. his name brought crowds and publicity, although australia had some surfers, none could do what duke could. his exhibition surf gave a boost to surfing in australia, a country country that took to the sport like no other. >> from what he did i am sure the industry was spawned. we were a small nation. hawaiians were surfing for many years. the fact is he brought something to australia that was very special. the competitive edge of australia took it to the next level. one in 10 australians are thought to serve, a higher proportion than any other country. >> today amateur surfers, even a hopeless one, helps the $10 billion industry. people buying boards and self-indulgent cameras strapped to their heads. there was no industry in 1915. duke made his own boards. on seat a replica was ridden by a fop hawaiian surfer -- top hawaiian surfer of the modern era. a long with canning ruse -- kangaroos and barbecues, surfing is part of australia landscape. but it was a hawaiian that give theme their enthusiasm. >> quite a skill. i'm thomas drayton in new york. thank you for watching. "america tonight" is next. i'll be back at 8:00 eastern, 5 pacific. see you then. on the weekend edition of "america tonight", a year on pot in colorado an indepth look at the legalizition of repriation marijuana. >> -- recreation marijuana. >> push it down an explosion of pot use and edibles. lori jane gliha on the dark side of the rocky mountain high. >> tch extraction can be dangerous. also - back of the pack
that's the focus of you are regular sunday -- of our regular sunday segment "the week ahead". as oil prices continue to free fall you may be pleased at the pumps, but we tell you why it's not good news everywhere. thanks for being with us. we begin with remembrance and solidarity for victims of the attacks in france. nearly 4 million around the nation marched in solidarity joined in paris by france's president and leaders from around the world. we are getting a look at the suspect from the kosher market. video surfaced of amedy coulibaly pledging allegiance to i.s.i.l.'s leader. authorities are no closer to finding the final suspect. hayat boumeddiene, france's most wanted woman is believed to be in syria. our coverage begins with jacky rowland, showing us more about how the people of france and world leaders are coming together. >> reporter: a president and a people. united in their loss. words of comfort for the families who lost loved one, and gestures of support for those who survived. victims were journalists, police officers and customers of a jew ir supermarket - unconnected before linked by the violent actions of three ben. leaders from more than 40 countries stood shoulder to shoulder with the french president. on this day the president said paris is the capital. world. people gathered at place de la republique the starting point for marches in the city. men and women, young and old united in their wish to reaffirm the french values of freedom, equality and fraternity. >> i think it's important to show our support to the people who died during those attacks, and to show that we all support freedom of speech. >> i must say that i was not particularly - let's say in favour of the kind of cartoons portrayed, but they had the right to do that. we had to stand up for that organizers expected a million people. in the end there was more. >> it is an extraordinary site the the crowds have packed the square and filling into the streets. we have not seen crowds like this since they were liberated from nazi occupation. the french interior minister hosted a meeting bringing together his counterparts from europe and the u.s. attorney-general, an acknowledgment that they are facing a threat that transcends national borders. >> we need to approach this globally and operationally. we have identified two areas where we thop affirm and en -- we hope to firm and enforce cooperation. the ways to stop terror cells and the fight against factors of radicalization especially on the internet. >> reporter: politicians need to strike a balance between protecting citizens and upholding freedoms. back out on the streets and the marchers started to move forward. walking the short but symbolic route to de la nation. the violent events of the past week struck at the heart of the capital. it -- france is united the pen is mightier than the sword. that's a message people wanted to get across during the rally in paris. tim friend was in the middle of the crowd and asked people what it meant to them to be there. >> they simply want to show they are united in this belief that freedom of expression is paramount, and that they have to defend their rights. some of them did it from the precarious position of the monuments in the middle of the square. i think you are seeing this shot or picture - temporarily blocked out by an enthusiastic poster waver, but we are seeing the picture from my colleague rory challands view from up above. this is it from the ground level. let's, again, talk to the demonstrators at ground level, if we come back down again. they likewise have the posters up. we'll have to take them down for a second so we can see you. why is it important to be here? why are you here? >> liberty for france. it's an old story. life drawing, like drawing or writing, it's not surprising to see everyone outside - family kids everybody is here. it's normal. >> families across the generation. the other thing i noticed across religion, and not just france from other countries. >> finished with religion in 1798. it's an old story. for us there is a huge separation by the religion and the development. >> you are protecting the values of the revolution. >> exactly. >> what is your message to the world leaders? >> thank you very much and the one who is muslim i want to give a message that islam never support terrorism or terrorists. islam never support killed people. islam mean peace. tim friend among the millions at the rally. attorney general eric holder was in paris but did not attend the rally, he was replaced by u.s. ambassador to france jane hartley. the obama administration did not give a reason for the substate ugs. the white house announced it would host a counterterrorism summit next month, to stop the spread of extremist groups advocating violence. there were plenty of world leaders at the march. >> reporter: the sense of defiance against the attacks in paris is obvious. at that unity rally some interesting faces - all in all around 40 countries represented. not just from europe but as far away as the united states maljoy and miger -- mali and niger. let's look at some of the names, algeria, the prime minister a key face. it was part of france since 1962. a huge numbers much fridge french muslims had links. hayat boumeddiene and the kouachi brothers had links to algeria. and prime minister david cameron, up for re-election toontoon soon, there to give his support. like france the u.k. has been struggling with the issue of home grown fighters who trained abroad. there is israel repeated in force with three key faces. the foreign minister the economy minister and the prime minister. binyamin netanyahu. palestinian president mahmoud abbas also there. france once had the largest jewish population in the e.u. binyamin netanyahu publicly invited jews living in europe to move to israel. his presence to support the jewish community, jockedshocked by the attack where the hostage maker amedy coulibaly was shot dead. interesting here because russia is currently out in the cold so to speak due to the situation in ukraine. for example, it wasn't invited to the g7 meeting. nevertheless there is a feeling that differences need to be put aside. russia has its own problems. vladimir putin is often criticized about freedom of speech and claims of trying to silence his critics in the russian media. then there's turkey. an interesting edition. the prime minister was personally invited. there were some reports that europe's only surviving suspect hayat boumeddiene could have travelled to istanbul and then turkey. turkey could have clamped down with its own attempts to ban twitter. the message here the people of france are supported internationally. the u.s. representative used the visit to announce what is called a high level global meeting in washington. these are countries determined to support each other at every level to combat a mutual concern, a mutual fear. >> phil lavelle. some of the leaders attending the rally are from countries where freedom of expression and freedom of the press are not embraced. including russia and turkey imprisoning more journalist. a senior lecturer in the muslim world at kings college said the scale of the protest was two bill to ignore. >> there was a broad spectrum of world leaders at the rally, taking part. the presence of a lot of leaders can be explained that they did not want to be left out from an important gathering like this. others may have felt forced into making an appearance. they are present because it is recognised regardless of the freedom of expression. that they are indispensable in clamping down on clamping down on atrocities where the message is that the buck stops here and this cannot be tolerated. regardless whether one agrees with "charlie hebdo" or how freedom of expression is interpreted. killing innocent people is a line that was crossed. >> many of the world leaders came to attend the march but will have meetings to discuss security policies. video emerged of a man who attacked a jewish supermarket and killed a french police woman. a recording of amedy coulibaly pledging allegiance has been released by a french radio station. in it he speaks out about the western military campaigns in syria and hallmali and describes osama bin laden as an inspiration. he was killed when police raided a supermarket. four hostages died in that raid. funeral arrangements have been made in israel for the supermarket victims. the hostages all jewish will be laid to rest at a jerusalem cemetery. it's a result of efforts by binyamin netanyahu to bring their remains there. in a silent support egyptian journalists held up pips and signs with the iconic slogan "jes suis charlie." it took place outside the offices of the egyptian syndicate of journalists it's been 379 days since three al jazeera journalist were detained in egypt. peter greste and mohamed fadel fahmy were sentenced in june to seven years in toura prison. baher mohamed was given 10 years and are accused of having ties to the muslim brotherhood. meanwhile a former aid to ousted egyptian president mohamed mursi was released after 18 months in detention because of health concerns. the former secretary of foreign affairs was arrested in 2013, along with other senior officials connected to the muslim brotherhood it is monday morning in indonesia, crews will spend the day trying to retrieve the black boxes. they are trapped in the wreckage. efforts to bring them to the service will occur on monday. meanwhile. scrutiny of the tail section is under way now that it is ashore. experts from airbus, the manufacturer are pouring over the wreckage searching for clues that could pinpoint the cause of cash. there were 162 people aboard when the plane went down barely a week into the new term the house is preparing to vote on controversial issuesful still ahead. a look at whether president obama will be wielding his veto powers sooner rather than later. >> america celebrates a decline in prices we look at how falling oil prices are making a bad situation in venezuela worse. >> big news for general motors. those stories and more after the break. another solemn anniversary at guantanamo bay. and years ago the detainees arrived. since that time the controversial prison housed 780 detainees. as of today most were transferred to other countries. president obama promised in 2009 that he would close the facility. speaking on n.b.c.'s "meet the press" the special envoy for a guantanamo closure believes the president will follow through. >> i believe guantanamo will be closed by the president leaves office. >> really? >> i do. >> republican in congress. >> no one should understatement president obama's determination and commitment david cameron is expected to raise the case of one detainee. the prime minister will ask that a saudi citizen with residents in the u.k. be released after 13 years with no trial or charge. >> in washington the new republican controlled congress will begin a political battle. house republicans are planning an assault on the white house's immigration policies and are expected to introduce legislation to profound programs related to last week's action. a go. op wants to roll back a presidential order giving legal status for undocumented migrants brought to the u.s. as children. i spoke to michael shure, al jazeera political correspondent, about what is to come. >> his popularity is steady climbing a bit not in the zone that you want. the caucus the democratic caucus in the house is tight. in the senate it is tight as well. a silver lining of one of the democratic senators. a lot were considered the conservative type center. they are not there to mess with the caucus trade things off so the republicans can get their votes. we know the votes are there, and where the democratic votes are. it will be tough for the republicans now, because of the president's veto. >> correspondent michael shure. immigration issues are included as part of a bill that funds the department of homeland security. general motors will unveil a concept version of a car. it's been in the works for years and designed to last 200 miles on a single charge. the price tag is around $30,000. it's the same as nissan's electric car. the car only goes about 100 miles per charge. offing -- of course with the price of gas dropping people may decline to buy electric cars. prices dropped 27 sent over the next few weeks. gas is at its lowest point in five years. a global supply glut is driving down the price of crude oil. output from some major producers are at record levels. too much oil on the market means prices could continue to fall for better or worse. al jazeera's mary snow explains. >> reporter: just as producers pump oil, prices continue the free fall and saudi arabia, the largest producer of o.p.e.c. is refusing to budge. it's not cutting back on protection as it's done in the past to balance the market. analysts say it's unclear how much further the price can drop. >> could we go to $40. the strange thing is the world economy and fundamentals. no one as bad at that. back then the global recession and lack of demand forces prices below 40 an hour. now too much supply is the big reason. among the countries adding to the supply is the u.s. crude oil production rose 16% in 2014. russia's output hit a high exports in iraq reaching their highest level since 1980. one analyst doesn't see an end in sight saying markets will confront down size risks and take well into the year before prices will bottom. >> the big question is what will prompt the oil market to stalize. analysts stay stronger demand will not be enough and expect production cuts in the u.s. to be at the top of the list. >> we think the weakest link is the american or the north american shale producers, the exploration and production crude oil producers. >> a weak link because the shale industry requires capital investment. things are drying up. crude production could by put by a million barrels a day in north america alone for a country like venezuela, the fall of oil prices is turning the situation into a disaster. the country is in recession, inflation at 60%. there's shortages much milk to car parks. -- car parts. >> reporter: a fight in the middle of a supermarket. the store received a shipment of soap, and everyone wanted a bag. january has seen shortages of many products in venezuela, like milk beef chicken and shampoo. people queue for more than eight eight hours to be given a number. >> translation: if you don't have a number, you can't go in. we are treated like cattle. it must stop. humiliating. >> reporter: outside every supermarket it's like this. we are hearing reports that looting it going in in some places of the capital. the guard has been called in. many are frustrated and angry that venezuela i don't knowed countries like cuba and north korea in rationing food. >> translation: what happens is the government wants to sell we buy what they want us to buy. >> reporter: socialist president hugo chavez and niklas maduro introduced control on goods and subsidised them. with the low oil prices the model has been imploding. venezuela depends on food from abroad. restrictions mean importers can't buy goods. president maduro is on a foreign tour asking for finance for loans and saudi arabia for hep with the dropping oil prices. the food minister is trying to calm angry citizens. >> we had problems from the supply side no doubt. the opposition is lying when they say there's no food in venezuela. >> she doesn't agree, setting up an account to notify parents when children products hit the shelves. >> translation: i'm affected personally. i have a one-year-old and always searching for shampoo, soap and medicine. >> reporter: she says people are fed up with the endless lines and scarcity. it has hit rock bottom. venezuela president met with saudi arabia crown prince to discuss strategies for stabilizing the oil mark a day after a meeting with iranian president hassan rouhani. iran and venezuela are founding members of o.p.e.c. and want the organization to take measures to restabilize oil markets. >> translation: i'm leaving optimistic because we talked and listened to each other. we reached now agreements oil plunged 55% to less than $us50 a barrel since june. the iraqi army's battle against i.s.i.l. is intensifying. the fighting has been heaviest along the highway linking bag dad to baiji. >> it's down in the countryside. as the sun pierces through the orchard surrounding the images it lights up the battlefield. the army's focus is a village along the highway linking baghdad to baiji, the biggest oil refinery. we are making gains. we are at a village and we'll be victorious. both are advancing. the army will be victorious over the enemy. as the fighting intensifies some of the troops cover and this is not a conventional war. these men are training the energy. they are thankful for the air support. it's making the difference for them. in the difference spoke rises in a firm targeted by an army helicopter supporting the army are militia men from the popular forces. they say they'll never give up. >> translation: we'll hunt them down wherever they go. by the blessings of hussain. we'll cry allowed that we cherish you. >> reporter: success, the army moves to the village, pushing their opponents to tikrit. they have to move carefully because the improvised explosive devices have been moved everywhere. the state is deserted. it's 200,000 residents fled before the fighting got to the village. the police destroy explosive devices. the army has a big job at hand. it nose i.s.i.l.'s tack ficks -- knows i.s.i.l.'s tactics too well. it is using car and suicide bombings against the iraqi army and the peshmerga fighters in the region. dozens of troops have been killed in such attacks in the past few days alone. before the devastating earthquake in 2010, haiti welcome back to al jazeera america, here are the top stories we are following. more than a million marched through the streets of paris in a show of unity, some held the flag, others carrying signs of the victims. the french president was joined by more than 40 world leaders. video of the man who attacked the supermarket in paris on friday and killed a french police woman the day before. amedy coulibaly is seen plemping allegiance to the i.s.i.s. leader abu bakr al-baghdadi. he was killed where police raided a supermarket where ha had opinion holding multiple hostages. four hostages died in that raid. investigators believe they have located the black boxes in the airasia crash. recovery workers are working on bringing them to the surface. 162 died in the south china sea off the coast of the inton eesh ya. it is sunday night and time for "the week ahead". five years ago a massive earthquake struck haiti. many died. 300,000 injured. 1.25 million were made homeless. efforts to rebuild, but are hampered. the political and social unrest in haiti continues. >> that's right. good evening to you from the capital port-au-prince. where you mentioned it was five years ago tomorrow that that terrible earthquake struck and hit the city capital. like you said it killed so many people. it was a big natural disaster to hit the region of the world in over 200 years and the number of people that died. five years later things have changed. some for the better. some not so much for the better. this is an anniversary, a country facing a political crisis and situation in chaos. president michel martelly did not call for elections, that means monday at midnight tomorrow at midnight the mandate for lawmakers will expire. that means that in hours from now parliament will dissolve and the president michel martelly could rule by decree. meanwhile the city has been seeing days and days of street protests by anti-government protesters. all of this combined. what you have is a political situation that could be diving deeper into crisis. >> reporter: again on the streets of haiti's capital it's an almost daily occurrence. anger grows with those opposed to the current government. . >> translation: we can't take this any more. it's a corrupt government. there's nothing left for us. >> reporter: a long simmering political stalemate reached a boiling point. january 12th is the deadline for a political deal to be reach. if not parliament will be resolved and president martelly could rule by decree. if that happens, haiti could be thrown into deeper political crisis. the former prime minister resigned, but for opposition groups like this it's not enough. they accused martelly of corruption and will not rest until the president steps down. >> when martelly was a candidate he was broke. he had three houses in the u.s. that he couldn't pay for. he's building a mansion on the coast of haiti. his son is building a huge house. all that with the money from the government. >> reporter: the president supporters rejected the claims saying he's the right man at the right moment. >> translation: i think martelly is not only the best man, but for the sake of democracy he has to finish his mandate. >> reporter: many are tired of the deadlock and instability. young hatians live in a country where unemployment is nearly 40%, thought to be higher. especially for haiti. if we look at the history, when the president leaves is brings more problems. i'm for compromise. if the president leaves we have to start over. >> by coincidence, the january 12th deadline is the fifth anniversary of the deadlock. deadlock. -- of the quake. haiti is on the edge of another crisis. this one not a natural disaster but a political one. >> the people want change. stand by for a moment i'll come back to you in a minute. i want to point out when the 7.0 magnitude earthquake struck 95% were in or around the capital. hospitals and morgues were damaged leading to thousands of corpses in the streets. haiti before the quake was the poorest country in the western hemisphere. the economy has been utterly devastated. as mentioned many have taken to the streets, calling for government accountability. where do we go from here? >> i'd like to welcome a documentary film-maker and mark based at columbia university deputy director of a center for earth science information and with us from porta prince is gabb -- port-au-prince is gabriel. five years ago, you were both in haiti. what was it like in the minutes and days following the quake? >> thank you for allowing to us be here. i have to say the moment leading to the earthquake that was a moment that my grandmother left two months prior to the quake. when the earthquake hit, several tours were down. it was nothing what you are watching on tv. it's the experience where you were on the ground and see my brothers and sisters in the middle of that disaster. it was very moves on how quick they were able to react towards the situation, and how can it take control. >> that was the question asked. how quick can they react. and you are talking about agencies the government. >> just of the people just the people themselves. when you have the entire government the system class, when the pals is collapsed, when the services are collapsed, when you have the schools, when you have this pool the hospital collapse completely during that time the general hospital the people were able to win, and in an instance what do we do. i remember one gentleman who was a family member and saw my mirror. you say what can you do for me. my own people date. >> so many people had the question of what can we do. mark, your experience following the quake? >> what unfolded was in a microcosm what has been unfolding in the last five years. initially the response is shock. what in the world is happening, what is this. what does it mean and it's unprecedented, not something that everyone had been preparing for. after the shock, the initial shock subsides you think inevitably what next. what is the most appropriate response. here and now, here in port-au-prince and over the course of the coming months and years? >> i was in port-au-prince to launch sustainable development, projects that the columbian university used to design. we had to rethink. what are we here for. what is the most constructive thing we can do at the present time. over the last five years people have gone through the same kind of way of thinking - how do i respond immediately, and how do i convert that interest in helping into something that will benefit the country for a long term. i go to my colleague in port-au-prince. gabriel you spent the better part of a week there. how much progress has been made over the last five years? >> well i was here during the earthquake as well. there has been a lot of progress that you do see here. to give you an example, there's 1.5 million people as you mentioned, homeless after the earthquake. today it is down to 70,000. so that's still a lot of people but the camps that we saw, even up to a few years ago. there were camps of tens of thousands of people in tent shelters over the city. they are mostly gone. most of the people have been moved into a home-based on a programme that pays the rent for the first 12 months. the airport. the first time i was here was a day or two after the earthquake. we had to gave in from the dominican republic because the airport was cop appsed. -- collapsed. now you arrive there's a tourism sign a different vibe people playing music. it's not necessarily emblem attic of what is happening on the ground. a lot are suffering, poverty is high 40% unemployment. haiti is trying to give off a message that it's a new message, things have changed and it's getting better. >> mark some ref to haiti as the failed -- refer to haiti as the failed state. is that the definition. >> haiti is a fragile state, a history of recurring crisis but a lot of potential, a lot of talent and ambition. it combines to make it possible to achieve progress. so at present we are living through an acute political crisis. haiti has been through the crisis in the past. what the - has been done over the last five years is the government and the elites and the people have embraced the reality that they are a fragile state. they have to take special measures to graduate out of that state. but they have got a well thought out plan for how to become an emerging economy by the year 2030. >> you spent the better part of 4.5-5 years preparing the documentary on haiti. what are the people saying about the government or the aid? >> from the government perspective, it's really good to - i mean, to acknowledge - the government itself is not really - he wants to have a preps. e really wants to -- presence he really wants to serve the people. there's a government of port-au-prince and in the countryside. you have to remember haiti is a french colony. what happens is in paris control everything in france. if you want anything to happen in france the epicentre is in paris. the epicentre is in porta prince. if it collapses, the whole country collapse, if you travel in the countryside, you see a different vibe environment. a different mood where the people come together in the bigger picture, where everyone is in port-au-prince where are they going. they are going to the countryside. in a sense, there's a government programme to want to function. that including the mayors and the deputies. others are differently. >> the outside influences. do the people feel they can have a fair election? >> a fair election. this is where things are problematic. that election means they need to have control, the fund and money for the elections. this is where it's problematic. the u.s. france canada. is it the agenda of the haitian people. therefore, outside the country you see a government where, if i'm running for mayor or deputy where they step up. they serve better. we have one gentleman i met. jean claude. he served for two terms. hoe was literally voting to serve on the third term where he was not allowed to serve. the people want him to serve he's the best they had. there's a difference. snow . >> what needs to happen moving forward? >> we need to realistically look back and acknowledge if you think about the earthquake as a stress test they all fail. the donors the government and the pacific organization within the country. there's a lot of ambition after the earthquake to build back better to take a reset, and forge a new partnership between the government and the people and the donors and the government. and on balance even though there has been success as your correspondent noted. there's no way to escape the conclusion that we have failed at the ambitions to fail for ourselves. >> why do you think we fail. i think the blame goes all around. the success comes though not just rebuilding structures and trust. the trust has to come between the government and the people and the donors and the government. that trust never took route after the earthquake. there were suspicions all around which when you add it all up makes people reluctant to take the bold steps needed to achieve meaningful progress. >> i would add to mark's point. when i afghanistan fellow hatians, u.s. canada there has been a lot of help. the question they asked is what aid. the terms were raised. they say they haven't seen anything. there's a number. >> is that port-au-prince for the country side. >> everywhere. it's hard to send that help if you know where you sending the help. you hold that freedom because i remember who you give your money to is who you give your power to. >> how much is the hatian government responsible for not delivering the aid and playing a role in getting the aid and the optimism of the people. >> yes, the government makes an interesting point. there's so little trust in the government. they have a lot of responsibility. they are the government. but as your guest mentioned there was a lot of foreign aid, millions of dollars, and a lot of people on the streets ask a simple question. i can't overstate the political crisis faced right now. parliament could be dissolved. the president could rule by decree. we should remember the lives lost and locking at challenges that still need to be done. the focus tomorrow the focus is on the politics and a lot of people on the streets. the haitian people are resilient. they would not consider themselves a failed people or state. they are staying as optimistic as they can. even those out of the streets, up at anti-government rallies, they were there trying to make the country better. >> they are strong people going through something five years ago that would have brought any country to its knees. now the haitians are trying to pull their country back together. >> i know you wanted to add something quickly. >> there are real successes to build on. when the crisis resolves it proves transformative. the one i wanted to draw to your attention speaks to the issue of trust. the government invests in an egovernance programme including a plan. the blueprints are on the table ready to roll out to map every government project in the country and this inventory would become the basis of an account ability mechanism in which every citizen could know what the government promised to do what they are doing, and what the gaps are, that is ready to role as soon as the crisis resolved. >> in a few words are you optimistic as a hatian? >> i'm very optimistic. this is why i was honoured to go down there in haiti with the governor, producing the documentary and to show the different side. there's a sign of when you see the children and the people. >> to show what is going on. >> very very optimistic. >> we'll have to leave it there. mark leafy, deputy director from earth science information and our correspondent. great to have you with us on "the week ahead". before we go let's look at other events in "the week ahead" - the army school in pakistan attacked two weeks ago reopens on monday. 142 people mostly young students, were killed in the attack. >> tuesday - white house president obama meets congressional leaders from both parties, discussing foreign policy and the legislative gapd re. thursday - nominations for the academy awards will be announced. oscars held on february 27th. coming up australia celebrates 100 years of sun and surf and why subway riders around the globe left their trousers at home. stay with us. >> call amy smith at work >> when we're behind the wheel >> basically we just don't multi-task as well as weacademy awards will be think... >> are we focused on what's ahead? >> what could those misses mean? >> distracted driving... the new road hazardannounced. azardannounced. >> i'm driving like a maniac >> you're distracted... >> techknow's team of experts show you how the miracles of science... >> this is my selfie... what can you tell me about my future? >> can effect and surprise us... >> don't try this at home >> techknow... where technology meets humanity... only on al jazeera america anita ekberg known for her i con ib appearance in "la dolce vita" passed away. she mader mark in a film as she strolled past a fountain in an evening gown. she passed away after an undisclosed illness at the age of 83 the hollywood foreign press association is honouring its biggest stars, among them george clooney, receiving a lifetime achievement award. his wife amal wore a special symbol on her purse. 45 a list celebrities are on the docket. hear are some winners. : : let's talk about the forecast with rebecca stevenson. >> "fargo." very cold. there's a windchill, temperatures feel like they are down 20 below zero dangerous to be outside when there's that kind of cold. fargo is known for that in the winter time. snow is tracking across parts of the western portion of the state. a little snow down across the tricity. where we are watching the snow really watching the winter weather, because it is dangerous. it is sweeping across the great lakes and all the way down do illinois and indiana. know has been heavy around the lakes. look at the totals. in 24 hours, we have this beaver falls report 37 inches of snow. they are known for lake effect snow where that wind comes up across the lake and before it freezes it's easy to pick up the moisture once it picks up the friction of the sure it lifts and dumps. now we have a storm system swinging moisture up with warmer air. that's where we are seeing sleet and ice. and that continues, and we can see we have the winter mix now. we have the ice laid down. quarter of an inch. snow in top of that. through the morning hours it will be slippery icy roads. into the 20s warmer as you head south. we have a freezing rain. stretching across virginia and impacting washington d.c. >> too early to think spin. in 100 years since surfing was introduced to australia, the country has become a major destination for top surfers around the world. andrew thomas has this report from a beech near sydney. today it is one of the most popular beaches, a century ago, it was a scene of historic events. freshwater beach is known as the home of surfing. the statue that stands above it explains why. it was an olympic gold medal winning swimmer. the hawaii surfed. when he came to australia, he brought his board, the name brought crowds and publicity. australia had some surfers, none could do what duke did. his exhibition giving a boost, a country that took to the sport like no other. from what he did, the industry was spawned. >> we were a small nation hawaiians had been surfing for many years. the fact is he brought something to australia and the competitive edge of australia took it to the next level. one in 10 australians are thought to serve once a year. australia makes up the sizeable chunk of a worldwide industry. >> amateur surfers, even a hopeless one helped to contribute to the $10$10 billion. people buying boards and self-indulgent cameras stuck to their heads. there was no industry in 1915. their own boards were made. a top hawaiian surfer was written. along with kangaroos and barbecues, surfing is part of the cultural identity. it was a hawaiian who gave australians her enthusiasm for catching waves. let's go right there. something was missing on subways around the world - pants. today's annual no pants day. started more than a decade ago by a new york base group called improv. they are in their outfits except for one difference - they don't have pants. it's meant to put smiles on people's faces and make you do a double take. that will do for this hour. i'm thomas drayton in new york. i'll be back with another hour of news at 11:00 p.m. eastern. 7:00p.m. pacific. stay tuned for an al jazeera special. thanks for watching. care that they need >> this is a crime against humanity >> hands up! >> don't shoot! >> hands up! >> don't shoot! >> what do we want? justice! >> when do we want it? >> now! >> they are running towards base... >>...explosions going off we're not quite sure... >> fault lines al jazeera america's emmy winning, investigative, documentary, series... >> early june, 1967. the six-day war in the middle east between israel, egypt jordan and syria is underway. steeples into the mediterranean to eavesdrop. it is in the waters off the
guinea says schools are reopening after the ebola outbreak. we report on the thousands of children left orphaned by the virus. and aaron's here with all the business. and it could be a rumble in the jungle for amazon. >> very good steven. yes, amazon has effectively been getting state aid from the government to help reduce its tax bill. that is the preliminary verdict by european regulators. so we'll take a look at what this means, not only for them but potentially hundreds of other big multinationals. very warm welcome to "gmt." midday here in london. police have stepped up their efforts to stop the threat of suspected jihadist terrorists. it started in belgium. there were a serious of raids around brussels in the town of verviers. police in france say at least eight people have been taken into custody in connection with last week's attacks. and in germany, police have raided 11 locations in and around berlin arresting suspected members of islamist cells. >> we just stepped out of the room where john kerry, the secretary of state is about to talk in the next couple of minutes. he's been paying his respects today at the supermarket here in paris, where the siege ended last friday and also at the offices of "charlie hebdo." some criticism in the french media and, indeed in the media in washington that he's come here somewhat belatedly. because, of course, there was that million-man march on sunday, with world leaders standing soldier to soldier with president hollande but no senior figure from the american administration. but he is here today. he's been saying that he wasn't here last week because he was in india, preparing a visit for president obama. but while he's been going around the country, lots going on around france today. they've rounded up 12 people in police raids overnight, three women and nine men, all suspected of involvement in the "charlie hebdo" attack either logistically or providing vehicles for the three gunmen. remember, they're still looking for a man they suspect dropped off coulibaly at the supermarket last friday. and perhaps the same man, who might have used a pistol to shoot a jogger in the southern suburbs of paris. so security in paris, still as it was last week with 120,000 soldiers and policeman, we're told, in place around the country. we've seen john kerry at the supermarket, laying a wreath this morning. i think he was quite moved by what he'd seen there. i was there last night and there were thousands of bouquets of flowers that have been laid around the supermarket, by ordinary parisians, moved and saddened by what happened last week. and from there, he went to the offices of "charlie hebdo." while that was happening, they were burying the editor of "charlie hebdo" in the city of francois. a very moving ceremony there, because he was a man who had lived under these death threats for so long yet refused to be cowed. so we're expecting john kerry at any minute to come to the stage, alongside the paris mayor, ann hill hidalgo. he's been with her and the foreign minister this morning. just while we wait for them let me show you that holland has been talking about the threat level they face here in france. and i think those in the know have found it quite a sobering week. we found to the former prime minister yet, and he was saying still they don't have a full list of the people on the agenda, the intelligence agency don't know all the people they're looking for. and they're not sharing enough intelligence, he said with other european intelligence agencies. what we can say, though having listened this morning to the foreign minister, is that america and france have been sharing intelligence in the past week. and he was suggesting although we still fear this from the belgium side that it's intelligence they shared that led to the round you in belgium. so perhaps they have managed to avert an attack there. yeah, we're still waiting for john kerry to take to the stage. so while we're waiting for him, let's cross over to belgium, because our correspondent, anna holligan is there. she's been sitting in on a press conference that's being held by a senior prosecutor from brussels. what have you heard, anna? >> reporter: we've been hearing some really disturbing and significant details from the authorities here in belgium, about what happened what they found inside the jihadi houses after those raids in verviers last night. two of the suspects were killed and they found ak-47 machine guns, cash mobile phones and also fake police uniforms. they've also been telling us more about the style and nature of the planned attacks. they were planning to target police officers on the streets and in police stations. i think we should be able to hear from the prosecutor now. >> this operation was meant to dismantle a terrorist cell not only the terrorist cell but also the logistic network behind it. this investigation for the time being has shown that these people had the intention to kill several policemen in the street. the identification of the two suspects deceased last evening is still going on. >> reporter: and there has been lots of speculation on social media about the identity of the suspects. nothing's been confirmed so far. we just heard from the police that they expect to confirm those two dead jihadi suspects' identities either this evening or first thing tomorrow. christian, back over to you. >> anna thank you very much. well, let's just cross to the pictures on the stage in the room behind me. we are seeing ann hidalgo woisho is the mayor of paris. she's been accompanying the secretary of state, john kerry on his visit to paris here this morning. let's have a listen. >> we rose up and said we do not accept this. we will never accept the attacks that hit the families of the republic and they are to have a special meaning. because in paris, it is not by chance, paris is a city where the dedication of the humorists was to receive, and paris is a city where a huge number of the jewish community have been living here since 1930. when they were chased from other countries. and it is in this country where the citizenship and the organization of the jewish community has been recognized. so it's here in the town hall of paris. this city has a particular history with the families of the republic republic, we are not the only guarantees of these families, but we want to defend them in a strong way. and it is here in this city of paris, in this state, that weakness national revolution. and it's on this location in this town hall which was the location of -- at the time for secularism, and to men and to women, and the equality of our citizens. all this is something that i wanted to remind you of because it unites us it creates unity among us despite the fact that we could have different ideas. and the beauty of democracy is to accept the other opinion, the other view that this city mr. secretary, you have come here to visit us and you paid homage at the sites, which are the sites of memory and will remain so. the city is a friend of the united states. once the world started to realize that this tragic acts events is happening, i found the mayor of new york he called me immediately to express his solidarity, his affection, and the fact that he is, his thoughts were with us. and mr. kerry, i received a number of messages from american mayors, washington chicago, and new orleans. and i would like to say that there is a beautiful history of friendship between our cities. it is a result of cities french cities and american cities and i will -- there will be a meet inging and this adds most significance with your presence here. i would like to conclude to tell you that this asian friendship, recently we have the honor to carry out together ceremonies which shocked our country, the world, and europe and i'm thinking about the commemoration and the liberation of our country and the commemoration of the liberation of our country, there was also a fundamental element, which is the liberation of paris. the liberation of paris on august 1944 which was the fluid of insurrection. it was also supported by the allied forces. and obviously the americans. i wanted to remind you of this because it is an element of our history that we have not forgotten, that parisians have not forgotten. and if we are here today, meeting and expressing this beautiful friendship, it's because this history, we are making it step by step. it is a human friendship. thank you, mr. john kerry, for your visit. it is a great honor for me to visit me, the mayor of all parisians. [ applause ] >> well madame mayor, thank you for that very very generous welcome and thank you for reminding us of the extraordinary history that does tie us together. what an honor for me to be here in this historic building which the mayor just talked about and shared some of the history. a moment ago in her office she showed me an historic photograph of the resistance members sitting there in her office in august of 1944, a reminder of the close historic, inescapable relationship between our countries. and i appreciate your very generous comments about all of our mayors. i know you have a warm relationship with them. and not only am i in an historic building, but i am with an historic mayor, because she is the first woman to serve in this office. >> thank you. >> and that is no small thing. >> thank you. >> so it's a privilege for me to be here with you. and i'm particularly honored to be with members of the law enforcement community, those who were so directly engaged and affected by the events. and you honor us and you honor me and my country by being here today. and we thank you so much for that. on the day of the living nightmare that began at "charlie hebdo," i had a chance to share a few thoughts with you from back home in washington. and today, i just i really wanted to come here and share a hug with all of paris and all of france. i wanted to express to you personally the sheer horror and revulsion on the attack of lives. i want to thank president hollande, my friend laura, and of course the mayor. not only for their always generous welcome, but for the grip and the grace that they have shown. i also want to thank our ambassador, jane hartley, for their hard work and the support to the french people this past week. and i particularly welcome these young kids who have come here to share a vision of the future. thank you. [ speaking foreign language ] [ speaking foreign language ] >> the secretary of state, john kerry, then addressing quite a large gathering of people in this hall behind me. there are probably about 200 or 300 people. >> well we appear to have lost christian fraser there. of course john kerry is still in the paris mayor's hall and still addressing reporters there and we'll bring you more of what he says in just a very short while. but in the meantime we can cross to berlin and join our correspondent, jenny hill who has a story unfolding all across western europe at the moment. there were arrests in the last 24 hours in the city of berlin. and jenny, tell me what is the very latest you're hearing about the nature of those arrests and what the police have been telling reporters. >> well this is certainly a very significant and substantial operation this morning. 250 police officers, we're told among them three s.w.a.t.-style teams, raided 11 properties in and around berlin this morning. the officers made twao arrests. one of those men, police say, is the leader of a terror cell here in berlin. that cell police believe was preparing to carry out some kind of attack inside syria. the other man arrested also in his 40s, also of turkish origin is accused of being the man who finances the cell responsible for making sure it has the money it requires. the group, police say, have managed to procure military equipment, including night vision goggles. the police are emphasizing that this cell wasn't preparing to carry out an attack on german soil. it was looking the to carry out an act of violence inside syria. but these arrests come just a day after the german chancellor angela merkel vowed to take strict measures against islamist militants here in germany. >> just give us a little bit of background jepnny. in other countries we've heard warnings from security chiefs a ss about the scale of the problem, the nature of the alert they're now operating under, and the real fear that under months and years, the radicalization of some, a small number of young muslims, who have gone to fight in syria, could be a very dangerous new factor. are those the sorts of things that are being said in germany too? >> well, it's estimated here that somewhere between 500 and 600 people have gone to syria to fight. certainly, the german parliament yesterday spent some time discussing what the paris shootings mean for germany. the german cabinet has just approved measures to confiscate the national identity card of anyone who has gone to fight in syria, replaceing it instead with a territory i.d. card which would say in several different languages, this person cannot travel outside of germany. they hope that measures like that will help crack down on the extremist threat which seems to come from within every country here in europe at the moment. >> jenny in berlin i thank you very much for that. i think we can now take you back to paris and to u.s. secretary of state, john kerry, who is talking alongside the mayor of paris. let's join john kerry again. [ speaking french ] >> translator: -- she finished by arriving in portugal, where she boarded a ship which took her to the united states. one of the memories one of the most vivid memories of -- is my first visit to france with my family, my parents. that was the first time that my mother came to france since she had to flee the country during world war i. i remember the destruction, the noise, while we were walking through the ruins of her house that was destroyed by the bombardment. nothing was left. just some stairs and a chimney still standing. but only a few years later that myself understood the incredible price for peace and liberty that our generation paid. that is a sense and the soldiers who left the united states to safe the world from tyranny. now the nation knows that in france, that liberty has a price. because france is at the origin of the time of the -- the evolution of the human spirit including ours. your engagement towards liberty and liberty of expression is an inspiration for the whole world. the words are not enough to describe the profound emotion that i have felt looking at a number of people coming from all over the world, from far and near, to come together and march together. >> so there we have john kerry, expressing his solidarity with the people of france. and of course expressing america's view that this is a security threat but faces not just europe but faces many nations, including, of course the united states itself. now, let's just think a little harder about what is happening in western europe right now. european officials have actually been warning for months about the unprecedented threat posed by returning fighters from syria. more than 3,000 european citizens have traveled to syria to fight in recent years. most have come from france with up to 412 foreign fighters. but belgium has the highest rate per person with up to 296 foreign fighters. and that is around 27 jihadist in every million of the belgian population. now, our europe reporter duncan crawford, is with me. he's been based in brussels for several years. and he's been investigating belgian's problem with jihadists. so give us the context here. we've got these arrests and we've got overnight the shooting of two suspects by belgian police. give us the context in belgian. >> in belgian, you have got this issue, it seems, where there is this high proportion of citizens compared to other european countries, traveling to syria to fight where individuals is are often joining up with radical islamist groups, such as islamic state and so on. while that is it's very difficult to know really some of the issues which belgian has comparable to other cities. you have very high youth unemployment in certain cities especially the outskirts of certain cities. certainly, local politicians say that some of the youth feel that they have no opportunities and that they feel marginalized. so that could be part of it. but what is different about belgian to other countries is that you have this organization called sharia for belgian, which was based in antwerp, established around 2010 and disbandeded in 2012 and actually part -- the alleged numbers of this group are part of the biggest terror trial, which belgian has ever seen which has been conducted over the last few months. it was due to conclude over the last few days. it's been postponed until next month, the conclusion of that trial. but members of this group, sharia for belgian, are accused of recruiting and radicalizing dozens of young men and encouraging them to travel to syria. >> as you say, it is a major trial. we've now got in the last 24 hours, the news of the killings of two suspects and the arrests of others. what sort of political message is the belgian government now sending out? other european governments talking about new security crackdowns, trying to do something to stop the journeys being made from europe to syria. what are the belgians saying? >> similar. similar messages from the uk and other countries, that we are going to get tough on anyone who wants to travel to syria. and if you want to come back after traveling to syria, then it's likely you will face criminal charges of some kind. so they've talked about stripping the citizenship of citizens who come back. they've talked about taking away passports. they've called on the community, on belgians to notify the police of anyone they suspect of potentially wanting to travel to syria. it's similar, like i say, to what's happening in france the uk the netherlands, other countries which are seeing citizens travel to syria. what's being done differently in other european countries, or one in particular is denmark, where the danish authorities are actually taking a slightly softer approach saying we will have de-radicalization programs and try to reintegrate people back into the community. >> duncan thank you very much. we'll keep tabs on john kerry in paris, keep covering all the different elements of this story in western europe. but just quickly, before the end of this half hour let me tell you on tuesday next week the bbc has a day of special coverage about democracy. and i'm going to be doing a live talk with the exiled chinese dissident wewer chi xi. you can send me questions that you might like to ask him via twitter using #bbcdemocracyday. 1630 gmt, on tuesday, the 20th of january. so, we are -- stay with us on bbc world news. we'll keep covering everything that's happening across western europe in terms of this developing security story. all of the other news too. so do stay with us here on bbc world news. ow... my scalp hurts. my hair hurts. this is what it can be like to have shingles. a painful, blistering, rash. look at me. she's embarrassed by the way she looks. if you had chickenpox, the shingles virus is already inside you. 1 in 3 people will get shingles in their lifetime. as you get older, your immune system weakens and it loses its ability to keep the shingles virus in check. well i had to go to the eye doctor last week and i have to go back today. the doctor's worried its so close to her eye. the shingles rash can last up to 30 days. it hurts. it's hard. don't wait until you or someone you love develops shingles. talk to your doctor or pharmacist about your risk. 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(achoo) i hit it hard. new zicam cold remedy nasal spray shortens colds. and it reduces symptom severity by 45%. so when a cold hits, shorten it with zicam. welcome to "gmt" on "bbc world news." i'm stephen sackur. in this half hour the united states and the uk intensify cooperation on cybersecurity as computer hackers are identified as a growing threat. british prime minister david cameron visits the white house amid plans for new intelligence sharing and joint electronic war games to test cyberdefenses. the former french futboler ginola has a new goal. out to snatch the top job in futbol from seth blacher. also in the program, aaron's back looking at a possible bailout. yes, we're talking bailouts again, for the greek banks. >> the bailout could be back. we're taking a look at the fragile state of those greek banks. there's a general election just around the corner and we now know two major greek banks have applied for emergency financial assistance. so could the outcome of this election lead to millions of greeks running to grab their cash out of those banks? . a very warm welcome to "gmt." so serious is the threat posed by cyberterror that it is a top of the agenda right now in talks between president obama and british prime minister david cameron in washington. they're going to hold a round of talks at the white house and a key focus, we are told by officials, will be how to intensify cooperation to combat common cybersecurity threats. as well as intelligence sharing, britain and america are to carry out war games cyberattacks on each other, including on major financial institutions. from washington, naomi grimley has sent this report. >> reporter: inside gchq these are rare glimpses of life at the government's eavesdropping hub. in the age of gun attacks on paris and cyberattacks like the recent one on sony pictures, this place is very much at the front line. on his visit to washington, d.c., david cameron wants to make cybersecurity a number one priority for transatlantic cooperation. he wants the two countries to simulate how they cope with cyberattacks on key institutions like the bank of england. but he also wants the president to get tough with social media giants, like facebook and twitter, now that they seem to be how jihadists communicate and inspire each other. the prime minister thinks these companies should be made to flag up dangerous material to the authorities, and there should also be limits to message encryption on their sites. >> we need to be able in extremists to interrupt the contact between terrorists whether they're using fixed phones, mobile phones or the internet. we both face the same challenge, and we need to work with these big companies. we have good relationships with them, to make sure that we can keep people safe. >> reporter: the prime minister though, may not have much luck on this. after all, america's big tech companies jealously guard their privacy, especially after edward snowden revealed the extent of u.s. government surveillance. >> but this visit also has an unspoken aim for david cameron. his very presence in washington, d.c. helped him to polish his credentials as a global statesman. barack obama may not have sky-high approval ratings here in the u.s. but in europe he is regarded as something of a political rock star. perhaps with a british general election just around the corner david cameron is hoping some of that star dust rubs off on him. naomi grimley, bbc news washington. >> right. well, let's stick with the issue of cybersecurity, because with me is e.j. hillbert who is an issue on the subject, and he currently walks for crawl. they help big companies with their cybersecurity needs. he's also a former fbi special agent on cybercrime and counterterrorism. so, e.j. hillbert let me be very blunt about this. we hear obama and cameron, do they really know what they're talking about when they suggest there is a new level of cyberterror threat? are they right? >> the threat has been there for a long time. the problem is that there's been a bit of fearmongering that's occurred on this thing. you basically have four cyberthreats. crime, which is about making money. espionage, which is about stealing secrets. warfare, which is about blowing things up. and activism which is "i don't like you so i'm going to put everything out there that i can." we've seen a lot of the last one in the sony attack recently. so these are the four things that have to be addressed, and they've been out there for years. >> which are the hardest of those four to combat? >> the hardest is the last one, because there's no motivation other than "i don't like you." so the point is, i'm going to lay bare all of your secrets and put them out there. the problem is when somebody does that those other three, the criminals, the espionage, the warfare guys are going to take advantage of that and utilize that against a company. >> how effective are the two things they seem to be talking about? one is more intelligence sharing, get the fbi and your u.s. intelligence services to work very closely with gchq and the british services so how effective is that? and then on another level, how effective is this particular plan for war gaming? you know testing the defenses? >> intelligence is key. everybody understanding how things are -- have been done, how they're utilizing it whags going on with regards to it. and the u.s. government and the british government have been working together for years. when i was with the bureau, i came over and worked with them for a number of times. even in this position i worked with the home office. >> do they share everything? >> they don't share everything no. >> what do they share? >> the interesting aspect of it is, you can't share things you feel are going to be national security issues particularly if you don't feel who you're sharing it with is going to keep it safe. if i were to tell you exactly, you know, the launch code for nuclear missiles or something of that nature right, not that i would, but that's something we can't share, because i don't know how you're going to secure it. >> the second point, war game welcome does it really work to test your own defenses that way? >> the war gaming it's something that people have been working on for years and so on. unfortunately, you're hindered. you can't do what the hackers would do. you can't do what the bad guys would do. if i were to launch a board game against a company or a country or something of that -- i would want open access. everything i could do everything i could throw at you. >> very briefly, who's winning this race right now? who's ahead in the game? is it the bad guys as the officials would put it or is it the government and states who are trying to stop them? >> unfortunately, it's the bad guys. the bad guys are about a step to two steps ahead, and in the european market they're probably about three to five steps ahead, because the threat awareness is just not here. >> e.j. hillbert thanks for being here. we'll go to straight to business now. aaron is here. and i think you're talking about one of the tech giants. >> there you are! >> amazon and greek-based. that is on the menu today. amazon has effectively been getting state aid from the luxembourg government to help reduce its tax bill. that is the blame narrow verdict by european regulators who released this report earlier today on friday. now, they say luxembourg gave the online retailer an unfair advantage, which allowed them to operate almost tax-free across europe. however, amazon says it has received no special tax treatment from luxembourg. in fact, the company says it is subject to the same tax laws as other companies operating there. well patrick stevens is a tax policy director from the british institute of taxation and joins us. patrick, great to have you. can i start with this? am i right by saying it's okay for the eu to have lower tax rates, but what's not acceptable i guess, is to have special deals to attract certain companies. and that's what at play here is that correct? >> yes, the eu rules say that each country within the eu can choose whatever tax rate it wants. normal tax competition perfectly permissible. but if you go off to a particular company, because you want to attract that company into your country to do business there and give them a special rate that's no-no. not permitted in the eu. >> and is it also a case of -- you look around the world and you see many countries who would do all they can to attract these multi-nationals. they want them there to build factories, set up shops, spend money, create jobs. there's global competition between countries. >> that's right. as our prime minister and finance minister has said on many times, it's a global risk. and most countries in the world, in one way or another, set up their tax systems to attract multi-nationals and big business generally in for all those reasons that you're talking about. it will do good for their citizens if those companies bring investment and jobs and such like into the country. that all-in competition. what the eu has said, that's okay providing you set up your tax system to be attractive to such companies and allow everybody to have a fair go at it. if you choose particular companies and give them a particular deal, that's not permitted. >> so is that the allegation? because i'm trying to work out what amazon and perhaps luxembourg have allegedly done wrong. >> of course, it is only allegedly at this stage. but as i understand it the idea is that a company within the group in luxembourg has made profits by doing sales all over europe but the taxable profits come into the luxembourg company, and then they've paid out a big chunk of it by way of royalties. now, normally if the royalties are justifiable, there's nothing wrong with that and you only pay tax on the amount after you've paid out the royalties. but, of course if the country says well, effectively, you can pay out any size of royalty that you want within reason so there's a lower amount waiting for us to tax then that is giving special treatment to that company by saying we won't look at the size of the royalties paid out. we don't know that's what they're doing yet, but that's what i believe is being alleged. >> all right. well it will be interesting to see what also this could mean for the starbucks and its relationship with the netherlands. i'll leave it there. patrick, appreciate your time. patrick stevens joining us there. let's move on to major greek banks have applied -- they've applied for emergency financial assistance from the country's central bank. now, let me explain. europe bank and alpha bank have both applied for what is known in the business as liquidity assistance. basically, they're asking for more cash as a precautionary move linked to people taking their money out of the banks in the run-up to the country's general election, which comes on the 25th of this month. bank deposits reportedly fell by 3 billion euro nearly $3.5 billion, and that's for the month of december, a month when they traditionally grow in the first couple of weeks of this month, january has seen more money flowing out of the banking system. europe bank shares oh, boy, they did certainly tumble. they tumbled 8%. alpha bank fell 7%. certainly pushing lower. the athens banking index, of course it's an index made up of banks in greece. that's down by around 7%. let's get more on this one. lynn joins us. great to have you with us. we have this general election around the corner and yet wii seeing all these -- a lot of greeks pulling a lot of money out of banks. why? what are they worried about? >> you know i think, there is obviously, a little bit of concern about the margins, about potential exit from the euro zone. there's also the case that some foreign investors have been leading the bank t-bill market which sees greeks stepping in to buy these t-bills. >> so there are banks that are asking for assistance. really, they call it a precautionary measure? really, could this not be the start of things to come where we see other greek banks doing the same thing? >> it wouldn't surprise me at all if other greek banks are forced to go down this route and take ela funding where the credit risk ultimately sits with the greek central bank. obviously, the ecb would have to sign this off. that's going to have to happen some time in the next couple of weeks. but for us our base case is that greece won't exit the eurozone. >> but overall, the greek economy continues to be a shambles. and what this story has done it's pushed the borrowing costs for the greek government up. that doesn't help at all. it's just making it more expensive for greeks to borrow money, if it needs to borrow money or if it wants to return to the market. >> yeah the greek economy has obviously returned to growth. it is running a primary surplus, but it has this huge overhang and massive debt stock. it's got a lot of redemptions falling due one way or another. it's got limited cash reserves. so if if the eurozone was to become about, it would have much more to do with an accident than it would about the will of the greek people or the willingness of euro zone politicians to let it gone. >> lyn graham-taylor, thank you very much for your input. appreciate your time. don't forget follow me on twitter. tweet me i'll tweet you back you can get me @bbcaaron. i've got one thing to say? >> what's that? >> how young are these banking experts nowadays? >> yeah i think i know where you're coming from. >> yeah! >> but you know what because they're young, it doesn't mean they don't know what they're talking about. >> no, but i think they're starting at 12. see ya! >> a very grumpy aging aaron leaving the set. stay with us, still to come david ginola tells us why he wants to be the next president of fifa. welcome back to "gmt." i'm stephen sackur. the top stories this hour. the number of suspected islamist militants have been arrested overnight in police operations in several european countries. and the u.s. secretary of state, john kerry, has paid his respects to the victims of last week's terrorist attacks in paris. in a show of american solidarity with the french people. now, if you're a football fan like me you may remember david ginola the french player known in the 1990s for his silky skills and, yes, even silkier hair. now ginola says he wants to be the next president of fifa standing against sepp blatter. it's not clear, though if he'll have enough support to stand. well, david ginola's in london right now and he has been talking to our sports correspondent, natalie parks, who's just raced from meeting mr. ginola to the "gmt" studio. natalie, what have you learned about ginola's ambitions? >> well on the face of it he's incredibly passionate about it. he gave a very passionate speech about how he loves the game. how you can look into your children's eyes and see the love when they kick a ball. so far, so french very passionate. but i think there was a very healthy dose of cynicism from the press there. he's being paid a quarter of a million pounds by a very famous british betting company to run for president. >> so is this a stunt? >> well yes, essentially. i mean he is passionate about it and he feels that he wants change. he's calling it time for a reboot in futbol. he's calling on all fans to join team ginola. and the betting company has actually asked the public for money for this campaign. but the key problem is that one of the criteria that fifa brought in that each person running for president has to have been involved in association futbol for two of the last five years. he says he's been a consultant at a french club in the south of france, quite tenuous. and also the key thing he needs five votes from the 209-member association. and they think they could get three of them but of course anyone with interest or knowledge of fifa politics means that three promised votes doesn't necessarily translate into three actual votes. he realizes the task is very daunting. let's have a listen to what he had to say a little bit earlier. >> it's going to be difficult, because most of the associations have been in place for a long time. with rules and regulation and i would have to work out to let them feel well. i quite like the man, what he's saying. i like what he's going to do for us. it's great. so why not giving him our support. >> okay. well i detected from you, natalie, a real dose of skepticism about whether ginola has any real chance of giving a real challenge to blatter. but there are people in futbol who would like to see a real challenge to blatter and like to see his reign ended. where else could we look for a possible contender or challenger? >> i certainly think if the public were to vote for fifa president, he would get their votes. >> but it doesn't work that way. >> it doesn't work that way. at the moment we have candidated like jerome champagne. so we can probably discount him. the real candidate so far, someone that really could take over for blatter is prince ali of jordan. he's been involved with the jordanian futbol association for many years, a fifa vice president, a member of the royal family in jordan, he's well kektd connected, of course, well educated, and he has already been singled out as being very credible. so i think he is the man to look to, for the man might be challenging blatter. >> but he doesn't have the same hair as ginola. we will watch this contest unfold. thanks so much for coming in to "gmt." now for something very exciting that's coming up on "focus on africa" here on "bbc world news." a new series looking at african stories through satire. the producer is kathy harkin from bbc focus on africa. we'll speak to both of them in a moment, but first, let's take a look at a clip from "what's up africa," the news review of 2014. >> what's up africa? >> and welcome to my exclusive "what's up africa" hall of fail! let's start with a pair who really outdid themselves last year. nigerian government and military! seriously. our president. first you said the boko haram leader is dead, then alive again, then dead again, then a cease-fire, then no cease-fire. could it be that they're just no good at communication? this is abubacker. >> give us our own state, or we will shoot you! >> uh-huh! you want to roller skate and a blue suit too? >> boy, you're making no sense! repeat. >> okay. well, we've got the producer, kathy harken of "what's up africa" with us here "gmt" studio,. it looks really fresh and different. explain to me the idea behind the show. >> well a satirist who's been presenting a piece called "what's up africa" for about three years on radio netherlands worldwide online. and he's been very successful he has a lot of followers. he looks at africa's stories through satire. so for us for the bbc, this is a really new and fresh form as you say, looking at new ways to treat the news to present our stories. and this is one of them. and satire is a really interesting way of doing it. >> i can't help but thinking that satire pushed to real extremes has been in the news so much recently which everything that's happened in paris and "charlie hebdo." now, this is tv satire but is africa used to and is it ready for satire? >> it definitely is. satire is you know, something that is very blurpopular on the continent. mostly on radio, but there are some tv programs as well. and i think the audience is very ready for it. and we can see that because it kind of has such a following already. >> how far is the camera going to push things? >> he is quite cheeky. he really does push things quite far. but the point of satire is to engage people make them laugh. and i find when i laugh at something win tend to remember it more. so that's what we're trying to do. >> kathy, you cover africa all the time. you know much better than me that there are so many regimes and officials in africa who do not have the ability to laugh at themselves and who, frankly, tend to lock people up who push it too far. >> they do of course yes. but i mean the point of this is that, you know we want to encourage conversation. yes, it's provocative. yes, it's irreverent yes, it might annoy a few people. but the idea is to -- it's not just three minutes that it's going on tv. it's the start of a conversation that's going on online social media, afterwards. so increasing a younger audience as well. >> let's test your theory. because there he is joining us by skype. great to see you. kathy has been selling you very hard and telling me that you're very cheeky and you're going to push this idea as far as you can. so how far are you going to push it? >> well yeah as far as i can. i mean i got some e-mails recently just saying yeah maybe we can -- you could have gone further. i'm like yeah i want to go as far as possible. and the whole point of what i do is to try to trigger a reaction. yeah, hopefully i get one. >> you've been doing satire for quite a while, aiming it at africa. do they get it audiences in africa? >> oh, of course! definitely. the continent has a rich history of satire. spoken and written, especially but more and more there are tv shows in kenya, organized in nigeria, and lots of comedians also obviously, touch on political topics. so absolutely satire is alive and well across the continent. >> all right. it's a great message. thank you so much for joining us. and we are going to watch what happens with the show. you can watch ikena with "what's up africa" later today. it launches at 1730 gmt. thanks for watching. that's it for now. crunch! a garbage truck backs into it. so,you call your insurance company, looking for a little support. what you get is a game of a thousand questions. was it raining? 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>> liz thank you. this morning benjamin netanyahu visited the kosher market. secretary of state john kerry said he will go to paris later this week. this morning he arrived in pakistan for an un -- no senior u.s. officials were there. bill plant is at the white house, where officials say there were good reasons for that. bill, good morning. >> reporter: good morning, and good morning to our viewers in the west. planning for this rally began on friday. there were parent were no formal invitations. the white house reaction was that the president's security would have significantly interfered with the crowd of more than a million who were expected to attend, but the th absence of any u.s. leader now has the white house on the offensive. >> leaders from some of the america's strongest allies were among the more than 40 heads of state marching in solidarity solidar with francois hollande on saturday, including angela i merkel and prime minister david cameron. even palestinian president r mahmoud abbas, and benjamin n netanyahu were there. but not president obama, vice president biden or knit other presi high officials representing the united states.icia including eric holder who was c in paris for meetings. and no one from the terterrori administration showed up at a rally attended by thousands in ded washington, d.c. just over a mile from the white house. president obama called. hollande but has had little public reeek to the attacks. >> i want the people of france to know that the united states stands with you today, stands litt with you tomorrow. >> he mentioned them briefly on friday while announcing his free community college plan in h you tennessee, but not in his weekly video address. on thursday he visited the french embassy to sign a book of but condolences. the president has criticized before for appearing insensitive to global crises. while on vacation in august he ation in played golf shortly after condemning the beheading of journalist james foley. one u.s. officials was present at the rally, ambassador to france jane hartley. the white house announced on sunday that the president will hold a summit next month on ways to counter violent extremism o fran like the attacks in france. >> bill thanks. new york city's police department has been alerted to the any isis threat.police dep he made -- police commissioner william bratton is ordering he officers to stay vigilant. the commissioner joins us this morning as well.sion >> good morning. >> other than that how are you responding to this threat? will you change the way that you employ your officers? way >> well, as you may recall thereay was a similar twitter threat back in september, and shortly thereafter, there were a number of attacks canada australia, ks. and also an attack here and ax-wielding individual attacked four of our officers so we take these threats very seriously. by offi the advisory we send out to our seri officers that we've been on a pretty high state of alert in any event was another reminder this one is also specifically the directed as law enforcement personnel. so we're encouraging that officers when they're on these guiding council officers tv stations that they be even more vigilant than they might orderly be. >> this video was pretty they specific about what they're asking their supporters to do >> t you know to rise up and commit violent. it's not only officers but se up civilians, too. what's your biggest concern? ag >> well, true that already a number of people who are in the what process of being radicalized, so something like this can be the rocess lad straw to move them forward. we saw that with the individual s can that attacked our officers with a hatchet. att additionally, they're continuing to working to atread new recruits -- atracked new recr recruits. they're extraordinarily skilled skill with their public relations campaign, if you will much more so than the traditional al qaeda operatives. it's a real real concern. >> so officers are being told not to sit in a car together at being the same time, have one outside the car if possible to look for e the people's hands when people walk up to them? >> what we are talking about is the idea that when we have officers on these fixed posts, as we call them we want them we tube vigilant. they have a purpose of protecting that location as well if bot as themselves. if they're busy texting away or not paying attention, they are much more vulnerable to attack.re it's something that we continually try to drive home for our officers, that this is real. this is real and that we need to be constantly vigilant. >> how many -- one is the question of how serious you take h the threat.rious you the second how many people are you watching? how do you keep up with all the people that might be a threat?ith >> one of the great strengths of the department is we have over 1,000 personnel designed to our ove counter intelligence as well as other detectives to be brought in. an to survey an individual requires dozens of officers because you don't want them to know you're of watching them.m to you have to have rotating teams. it's not easy to do very don labor-intensive. r we're probably one of the few them. police departments that can do it because of the sheer size of the department. >> we heard eric holder say yesterday that lone wolf eri terrorism, extremism keeps him up at night. what about targeting these soft targets like the kosher market up in paris? >> let's face it every place is a target, there is no place -- super you cannot protect everything that everybody that attempts to everyth is doomed to protect nothing. so we attempt to identify if there are threats, sometimes publicly made or over times covertly made against specific locations and facilities. made right now we're high up on media outlets, as you might expect. out >> mr. brat ton, thank you. >> great to be with you. senator marco rubio is standing by here in the studio. we'll get his response to the nk white house response to the >> sen terror attacks. that's ahead. this morning as indonesian officials sis flight 8501 exploded with impact with the s. water last month.ne they retree one of the black ivers is boxes, and they're working to retrieve the second. with wha we have more on what investigators are finding.g. good morning. >> reporter: good morning.his it's producing some of the bigger clues yet in the crash the investigation. indonesian authorities now say early analysis of the wreckage suggests that cabin pressure caused the jet to explode, as they begin the process of tapping into one of the plane's ro black boxes. t indonesian investigators now plan have one of the two black boxes from airasia flight 8501 signaling the first major breakthrough in determining what caused the plane to crash into the java sea 15 days ago. caused overnight a team of divers recovered the flight data recorder from 100 feet below the surface, one day after sonar picked up pings from the aircraft in two different a locations. found under the plane's wing about the altitude, speed. t crewing are the coke pick voice reporter. conve indonesian officials have appointed to slow and different. for the progress has been made in recent days. the most challenging task is the -- the captain said. crews also discovered additional plane debris. only about a third of the 162 over bodies aboard flightre flightinvestigatoring are hope these new findings will lead the them to a larger section of the plane. there are at least 80 divers the f involved though they have an idea of where it maybe, they've been unable to pinpoint an exact location. to be analyzed by the indonesian version. be sent jeff? >> jeff, thank you very much. analy hollywood com bide the best performances with politics last version. night. "boyhood" took home the prize for best dram. grand butte pest won best comedy or musical. we're at the e.t. studio with a recap of last night. frazi good morning. >> the golden globe awards are a big party thrown by the hollywood foreign press ey're association, international journalists choose the winners, and since the world of entertainment and pod tick have cro crossed so often is the past year, it's no surprise they collided again last night. >> george clooney married amall this year. marri she's a human rights lawyer who s the worked on the enron case, was anked rho are to kofi annan regarding syria, so tonight her husband is a getting a lifetime achievement award. george clooney accepted the award, seizing the moment to cloon honor the journalist killed in paris. >> there were millions who marched in support of the idea that we will not walk in fear. we won't do it. so -- the sony hacking controversy was personalized in a super-serious star-struck north korean journalist played by margaret cho. her photo with meryl streep was even photo bombed by nominees benedict -- >> of course -- >> domestic politics took center"sel stage. prince gave the award to john or legend, who said working on "selma" allowed him to see everyone's humanity. >> i am the unarmed black kid, who maybe needed a hand but indeed was given a bullet. i am the two fallen police officers murdered in the line ofe duty.wo >> the cosby sexual assault >> t accusations hit the stage as accusati well, while the hosts said bill they tol cosby would not be off-limits. this joke still brought gasps. >> and into the woods cinderella runs from her prince rapunzel is thrown from a tower and sleeping beauty just thought he was getting coffee with bill cosby. actually -- t was >> it was still a night to have es. great performances. julianne moore in eddie redmain.e the wince we are were amy adams and michael keaton. he emotionally thanked his best friend. >> he also happens to be my son, shawn. >> i want to mention, among the tv awards amazon.com made history, its show "transparent" won, and the star won best actor. none of the big four networks won a godden globe. i'll have more and we'll tell i' you where gayle king was last night, coming up in the next hour. xt i was wondering about that. >> we did see a couple comedies. she was sitting with kommon and john legend who won for the wonderful sog "glory." >> this sets up a wonderful competition. best actor. >> for the oscars. >> one would think boyhood has the inseed track. by the way, entertainment tonight will bring you full coverage of all the winners, and we'll have more highlights at ou 8:00. boy, it was also a big weekend for football. the nfl has four teams chasing the super bowl after this weekend's divisional playoffs. green bay will play seattle in the nfc title game. indianapolis will go to new england to decide the afc championship. you can see the game this comingee sunday right here on cbs. the colts upset denver d sunday, and it may have been paiden manning's final nfl game. the broncos quarterback says he ing' is not sure he will return next no season. the packers beat dallas after a very controversial call. the cowboys' dead bryant grabbed this pass in the final minutes, and officials said he made the catch on the packers 1 yard n line, but green bay challenged he the call. the referee checked the replays.hecked t then he ruled that he lost bry control. so no catch. that surprised new jersey governor dallas fan chris christie. he sat with jerry jones. again they made headlines last weekend. after the game paul ryan ekend. tweeted governor christie do overnor you need a hug now? #gopackgo. >> that's actually pretty funny. all right.t's it is 7:19. western-born women are joining isis.ng a paris terror suspect heads to ter syria. we'll show you why hundreds of female >> announcer: this national weather report sponsored by walgreens. at the corner of happy and healthy. ahead, one of the republican parties' rising stars. >> florida senator marco rubio in studio 57. his thoughts on terrorism, cuba and thoughts of a run for the white house. >> the news is back here on "cbs this morning." >> announcer: this portion of "cbs this morning" sponsored by safelite autoglass. call or go online at safelite.com to schedule now. hold it! come with me. new dannon oikos triple zero is my go to protein snack. cam, protein from yogurt? yup, this greek nonfat yogurt packs 15 grams of protein punch. but what else? unlike some other protein snacks, it has 0 added sugar 0 artificial sweeteners and 0 fat. mmm... will it up my game? no man! new dannon oikos triple zero official yogurt of the nfl. mmm dannon. discover card. how can i help you? 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does it make the short list? yeah, i'm afraid so. it's okay. this is what we've been planning for. knowing our clients personally is why edward jones is the big company that doesn't act that way. ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ if you want it ♪ ♪ go out and get it ♪ or who here is what is happening around the bay area right now. a police officer recover after crashing his cruiser in oakland near the northbound 880 on-ramp near the airport just after 1:00 this morning. witnesses say the officer was chasing another vehicle, hit a concrete piling. the golden gate golden gate bridge is back open. drivers will see changes to the bridge other than the barrier. the merge from the southbound lanes of 101 on the waldo grade have been reconfigured. the speed limit has been lowered from 55 down to 45. some pictures taken there before it was all done. headaches we got checking road conditions, it's busy on the roads. a lot of our travel times are way up this week over last week. here is at the san mateo bridge. trying to get out of hayward, the drive time to a half hour to 880 to 101. golden gate bridge, you can see the headlights moving fine despite the foggy weather. somebody mentioned fog. our live camera towards the baby. it's gone. can't he see it due to the fog. currently, we are in the 40s with areas of patchy dense fog throughout the tri valley. dense fog advisory across the north bay and also across the delta. we do have part any to mostly cloudy skies on tap for today. temperatures in the 50s and 60s. enjoy ooooh... i can hear that sizzle. getting louder! and louder! philly cheesesteak and egg sizzling with prime rib and gooey cheese. i better (just) silence this sizzle! the new philly cheesesteak and egg skillet. denny's. welcome to america's diner. (vo) at jennie-o, we heard of a place in iowa where every thursday people ride ten miles for tacos. we thought we'd show up and surprise them with a better kind of taco, made with jennie-o ground turkey, cooked thoroughly to 165. (mom) i'd feed my kids turkey tacos over regular tacos any day. (woman) i think that they're light and they're just fresh tasting. (vo) it's time for a better taco. (kid) the tacos tonight were pretty much perfect. (vo) make the switch. look for jennie-o ground turkey at a store near you. if you are a nervous flyer, this video will not help. over the weekend pilots landing in birmingham england had to battle some very strong crosswinds. everyone got down safely thanks to very good flying. >> wow. that's impressive. yeah, gayle would not like that. [ laughter ] she's a nervous flyer. welcome back. coming up in this half hour florida senator marco rubio will join us at the table, with a new book about saving the american dream. we'll get his thoughts on the terror attacks on paris, the risk to the u.s., and his plans for a possible white house run. plus they're inching closer. to yosemite climbers scaling a wall of granite 3,000 feet high. that's ahead. time to show you some of this morning's headlines around the globe "new york times" looks at a new tactic used by boca ha ram, child suicide bombers. a bomb strapped to a 10-year-old girl exploded on saturday. she's believed to be the youngest ever suicide bomber. boca ha ram may have killed as many as 2,000 people in an attack on a nigerian town. volumo is first set to build cars in china for the american market. the cars are made in cheng du. it's owned by a chinese company. "usa today" covers the deciding game of the college football game tonight. the oregon ducks and ohio buckeyes meet in arlington tonight. the paper says ohio state has the best coaching staff. >> my kids have already asked if they can stay up late tonight and i gave in and said yes. >> that's like a midnight game. >> it only happens once a year. >> that's right. "the telegraph" reports that a hacker group plans to -- they wore the symbolic mask. he said it is declaring war against a terrorist and will shut down jihadist web sites. he said freedom of expression has suffered an inhuman assault. we showed you earlier that a missing suspect is believed to be in syria. she flew to istanbul turkey one week before her partner killed four hostages at a kosher market in paris. holly williams is in istanbul a growing stop for western women choosing jihad. good morning, holly. >> reporter: good morning. it's believed that hayat boumeddiene may have crucial information about whether her partner and others were part of a much bigger terrorist cells. officials say she spent six days in turkey before crossing into syria. if she's joined isis or another extremist group, she will not be the first european woman who do so. is photographs of hayat boumeddiene show the transform answer from the daughter of a french delivery driver to the radicalized extremist. if the 26-year-old is now with a jihadist group in syria, she joins scores of young muslim women from europe who have traveled to the war-attorney country to join isis and al qaeda, many of them are just teenagers. the terrorist groups are recruiting younger and younger women. >> professor bloom is the author of a study on female terrorists and says young women from the west are sometimes easy prey for radical islamic groups. >> they can't read arabic they can't go to the original sources, they can't put up a fight when someone says oh, yes, this is permitted in the koran. they don't know to say, no it's not. >> as isis tries to set up a functioning islamic state in syria and iraq it's actively recruiting women from europe and the u.s. to marry its fighters. in this recruitment video aimed at women, isis stresses homely pursuits like sewing and cooking. but historically there are many examples of women playing more violent roles. female suicide bombers from chechnya known as black widows have carried out several deadly attacks in russia and women from sri lanka, iraq and nigeria have done the same. >> you get more media coverage when it's a female terrorist than male, and as a result the groups know this. they get more bang for their buck if they use a woman. >> reporter: officials here in turkey say boumeddiene spent two days in istanbul and another four in a city close to the syrian border before crossing into the war zone. charlie? >> holly, thanks. senator marco rubio is a member of the senate foreign relations and intelligence xhiptees a republican also strongly focused on domestic policy. he's skeptical for the jobless rate, and his new book is called "american dreams restoring economic opportunity for everyone." he's here for an extended conversation you will see here first. welcome. >> good morning. let me turn to terrorism first. how concerned are you this kind of attack could take place in america and are we prepared and doing everything we can to make sure we lessen the possibility? >> i'm very concerned and i've had said that for months now, the notion that the new wave we're going to face with terrorism are the sorts of -- not -- there's always the threat of a 9/11 type of spectacular attack, but also the threat of individuals or two or three individuals operating as a cell carry out these sorts of attacks. we've known that's been a aspirational goal, and now we're actually starting to see it carried out, and from the european context what's really complicated, it is a large number of foreign fighters that have gone into syria, iraq, been trained and fought side by side with, and returned back to europe. and in the case of these individuals, basically have been raised in france. >> we saw an incredible show the unity yesterday in paris, i mean nearly 4 million people what liz palmer said earlier was the largest march in france's history. you saw world leaders from netanyahu to abbas, to cameron, all in the front row, but not a high-ranks officials. is that troubling? >> i think it was a mistake. i understand when the president traps he brings a security package which is intense, and i understand you dropped something into the middle of this is disrupt up but eric holder was there, or a plethora of other people they could have sent. >> do you think we missed an opportunity to stand with other world leaders? -- >> well it will be reported around the world, and certainly people especially at a time of great pains, people take cues. we know after 9/11 what it felt like to have other nations rally. the french are going through a similar trauma. i thought it would have been important -- i understand why the president himself didn't go but perhaps someone from his administration. >> can we talk about smell intelligence from the attacks we covered on friday for several hours. the two brothers had received training in yemen, in the kosher market had isis flags in his apartment. it appears his girlfriend has gone back to syria, what are you hearing in these intelligence briefings? why didn't european and u.s. officials know where these guys were and have them in their sights? >> it sounds like they did. the french officials were aware of who they were and monitored them for a while. they would tell you they have a lot of people that -- >> are you assured we're doing a better job in the united states? >> i think we have courageous men and women who work every single day to try to identify the threats. and no country can promise that they won't slips through the cracks. in fact, it is easier to disrupt a plot of 25 people than it is the plot of one or two or three. to do that you've got to have all these tools at your disposal. i think we do as good as we can with the programs we have. to diminish those perhaps, as some are calling for, whether it's gathering intelligence or monitoring activities on web sites, i think would set back our ability to identify these threats. >> do we need to increase them? >> not only do we need to increase them but change them. every times there's a disclosure. every times "new york times" or you or reports, as journalists, you will as a disclosure from snowden, the terrorists adjust what they do. they learn from it and say we're going to stop doing that we'll use a different carrier or different method of communication, so we have to constantly adjust and it's a real challenge. no one should understate what a big, big challenge this is moving forward. >> so the white house is going to hold this terror summit what do you expect will come of that? >> hopefully an opportunity to educate the american people even fur on the nature of this threat and how difficult it is to stop these threats. we are still seeking in light of 9/11, these big spectacular attacks, and that could very well happen that is a threat too, but these sorts of independent actions by three or four people in some instanceses inspired by al qaeda or isis not trained by them, but simply spired. there is a magazine called "inspire" a monthly publication in english. the latest edition basically publishes construction of did not, and charlie hebdo was on a hit list. >> we know an individual can be radicalized, read these things and take up action. much more in the next hour. senator rubio, you're going to stick with us here. up next here inching closer to the impossible. climber in yosemite cross a major milestone in scaling a rock twice the height of the empire state building. you're watching cbs this morning. we have a breakthrough: new subway grilled chicken strips. they taste better and they are better. premium cut all white meat with no artificial preservatives or flavors. try our new grilled chicken strips in the new monterey chicken melt today. subway. eat fresh. for very dry skin, you need healing. new vaseline intensive care with micro-droplets of vaseline jelly relieves dry skin and moisturizes to heal it in just 5 days. clinically proven. that's the healing power of vaseline. vo: when you ache and haven't slept... you're not you. tylenol® pm reli eves pain and helps you fall fast asleep and stay asleep. we give you a better n ight. you're a better you all day. tylenol®. it's gonna tempt your tummy, with the taste of nuts and honey. it's a honey of an o. it's honey nut cheerios. patented sonic technology with up to 27% more brush movements. get healthier gums in two weeks. innovation and you philips sonicare save when you give philips sonicare this holiday season. if you have medicare part d, walgreens gets that you might be at the corner of "looking for a good deal" and "sheesh, i wish i'd looked some more." that's why walgreens makes it easy to switch your prescriptions and save money. just stop by. and leave all the legwork to us. switch your prescriptions to walgreens where you could save even more on medicare part d with copays as low as zero dollars. at the corner of happy and healthy. i love the holidays! but after all the shopping cooking and heavy foods... sometimes i feel bloated or gassy with rumbling uncomfortable. i feel less motivated and sluggish. it's time to start the year off right with the activia challenge! enjoying activia twice a day for four weeks may help reduce the frequency of minor digestive issues like bloating, gas discomfort and rumbling. and if your tummy smiles you can start the year off right. try the activia challenge. it works or it's free. ♪ dannon! ♪ closer to achieving an unprecedented feat this morning. for more than two weeks they've been working their way up a 3,000-foot wall of granite in el capitan. ben tracy shows us how close they are to reaching their goal at yosemite national park. >> a flapper, but it's all worth it. >> reporter: after a week-long battle with even captain's thin ledges he conquered pitch 15 over the weekend. it's considered one of the toughest sections of the climb. >> after 11 tries i finally did it. this is a view i'll always remember but i'm not sad to be moving past. >> his partner made it past pass 15 last weekend and is waiting for him to catch up with him. they're hoping to complete the first ever climb of the free wall of the don wall using their hands and feet to skate a flat surface higher than two empire state buildings stacked on top of each other. the ropes don't help them reach the top. they're simply to provide a safety measure. they've been trying to conquer this climb for much longer. >> it's taking them years to choreograph the moves, get strong enough and getting them down to muscle memory. >> sunday was a day of rest for both men. today kevin will start working his way to tommy at why know tower. if all goes well and the men are reunited, they could reach the summit and the history books by wednesday night. for "cbs this morning," ben tracy, los angeles. >> extraordinary. >> explain to me how they do it. >> i don't know. >> do they -- >> part of it's the planning. these guys have tried multiple times before. this is what they have been focused on for years and years. but when you see the graphic of two empire state buildings stack on top of each other, incredible feat. >> impressive. all right. kevin frazier is back from ""entertainment tonight."" plus stunning new images >> announcer: this portion of "cbs this morning" sponsored by toyota. let's go places. 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[vet] two yearly physicals down. martha and mildred are good to go. here's your invoice, ladies. a few stops later, and it looks like big ollie is on the mend. it might not seem that glamorous having an old pickup truck for an office... or filling your days looking down the south end of a heifer but...i wouldn't have it any other way. look at that, i had my best month ever. and earned a shiny new office upgrade. i run on quickbooks. that's how i own it. take a look at this amazing nighttime view of chicago from the international space station. the flight engineer tweeted the photo of the windy city and beyond while joking about watching the packers and cowboys play in green bay. cool stuff. >> tremendous. could physicals backfire. >>? dr. narula talks about the controversial article that could affect millions. that's ahead on "cbs this morning." t six bucks. chili's -- fresh is happening now. [ kevin ] this is connolly cameron, zach, and clementine. we have a serious hairball issue. we clean it up, turn around and there it is again. it's scary. little bit in my eye. [ michelle ] underneath the kitchen table underneath my work desk we've got enough to knit a sweater. [ doorbell rings ] zach, what is that? the swiffer sweeper. the swiffer dusters. it's some sort of magic cloth that sucks in all the dog hair. it's quick and easy. pretty amazing that it picked it all up. i would totally take on another dog. 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the baby has disappeared due to the dense fog. we have a dense fog advisory for the north bay and the delta. patchy fog in many of our east bay communities as well. we are in the 40s, going up to 50s and 60s. we do have another spare the air day with hazy sunshine in good morning to our viewers in the west. it is monday, january 12th 2015. welcome back to "cbs this morning." the pope's response to the french terror attacks. he says forms of religion use god as an excuse to kill. first, here's a look at today's eye opener at 8. >> there are a number of people who are in the process of being radicalized. something like this can be the last straw to move them forward. >> you couldn't move in here yesterday there was so many people. it was the largest in french history. >> there were no formal invitation. the absence of any leader has the white house on the defensive. >> thought it would have been important to have someone there. >> authorities say early analysis suggests that cabin pressure caused the jet to explode when it hit the water. >> i had a pretty good year myself and i'm not just referring to the fabulous reviews of the medicines men. >> she was sitting with common and jon legend. >> the 11 tries and finally did it. >> explain how they do it. >> i don't really know. do you need a hug now? #gopack #gopackgo. >> that's pretty funny. >> who is new york bozo? >> what about it? >> did you guys hear that? >> i'm charlie rose. the united states and three allies face a new challenge this morning from isis. the terror group wants followers to attack police officers, the military and civilians in america, canada, australia and france. it's spelled out in a video sent out after last week's attacks in france. >> nearly 4 million people marched against terrorism and for free speech. the interior ministry says the rally was the largest gathering in history, even bigger than world war ii's liberation day. >> pope francis denounced the attacks and the ideology behind them. deviant forms of religion try to use god to justify mass killings. he called on religious leaders especially muslims to condemn violent forms of faith. the pope told diplomats at the vatican that the only goal is to have power over others. in germany a group opposing what it calls islamization is proposing a huge rally today. suspects face charges for the bombing of a newspaper that reprinted charlie hebdo cartoons. police are not sure if the attack is connected to those cartoons cartoons. a change in cabin pressure may have caused flight 8501 to explode as it hit the water. that new government theory came this morning as divers recovered the black box, a second flight record recorder is lodged under wreckage in the java sea. the data on the devices may shed light on what brought the plane down. the coming of age movie "boyhood" took 12 years to make and the hollywood foreign press gave them three awards including best drama. kevin frasier joins us from the e.t. set in los angeles. >> good morning, it was an emotional, fun and unpredictable night. the winners were films like " "boyhood." backstage and on the red carpet we spoke with many of the first time winners. >> the golden globe goes to "boyhood." >> what is this night been like for you and what has it meant to you? >> it's unbelievable. we didn't think anybody was going to care. >> they did care. the unprecedented coming of age story took home the globe's biggest honor. >> i called her 13 years ago and said what are you doing the next 12 years. >> they are such beautiful little babies. look at them now. >> reporter: and kids were a recurring theme of the night. michael keaton honored his son when he won for "birdman." >> the most beautiful thing about your son being your best friend. >> my best friend is kind intelligent, funny, talented. e he also happens to be my son. >> i think the possible exception of our dog bubba, i might be his best friend. >> with one shoutout from his famous father shawn douglas sent social immediatemedia into a fan frenzy. tweets like this one, oh hello michael keaton's son. >> i love you with all my heart, buddy. >> stars rose to their feet for the journalists in paris who were killed by extremists. george clooney showed his support on the red carpet as millions marched on sunday for unity in france. >> this was a moment in time where millions of people from every different religion locked arms and said we're not going to accept this -- we're not going to be ruled by fear. that was something to see. i wanted -- we both wanted to be in solidarity with them. >> reporter: it wasn't all serious business. after all, the globes is still considered hollywood's biggest party. >> it's like a blurry kind of euphoric cloud. i don't think i'm even present. >> how do you celebrate? >> to potato chips. that's what you do. a nice glass of wine. >> on the red carpet, you told me the one i gave you was the third bottle. >> this is about seven. in between i have had a lot of whiskey and cokes. >> how are you feeling right now? >> i'm feeling awesome. i'm about to get into a plane and fall into a small coma. >> another small film took home the globe for best comedy and a.m. amy adams took home best actress. >> speaking of new media, one of the best speeches of the night was jena rodriguez who won for "jane the virgin." she said dad, i did. >> what was interesting is we named jena our it girl. we have loved this little show since the beginning. it's the first nomination ever for the cw network. their first win ever. when she came backstage, we really just had to have a moment. she was like how is this happening? she was shaking. by the way, i also want to let you know i hung out with gail last night. last time i saw gail she was surrounded by photographers at the weinstein party sandwiched in between jake gyllenhaal and 50 cent. at that point, i lost her. >> where's the instagram, gail? it will probably come later today. >> they are coming. >> thanks for the intel on gail. thanks, kevin. this evening "entertainment tonight" will bring you complete coverage of all the winners. >> i want to hear part two of that. the familiar sounds of success. se >> see how some of america's biggest companies make their voices heard to coming up are yeay come inging up are yearly physicals worthless? we have the new debate over skipping routine checkups as one doctor suggests whether they are a waste of money. that's next on "cbs this morning." ♪ ♪ i just don't want to have to think about regularity. natural benefiber helps support digestive health...and maintain...that word. you know what it tastes like in water? water! except this water makes you feel great. benefiber. now in stick packs. before fibromyalgia, i was on the go. i kept on top of things. i was a doer. then the chronic, widespread pain slowed me down. my doctor and i agreed that moving more helps ease fibromyalgia pain. he also prescribed lyrica. fibromyalgia is thought to be the result of overactive nerves. lyrica is believed to calm these nerves. for some patients, lyrica significantly relieves fibromyalgia pain and improves physical function. with less pain i feel better, and can be more active. lyrica may cause serious allergic reactions or suicidal thoughts or actions. tell your doctor right away if you have these, new or worsening depression, or unusual changes in mood or behavior. or swelling, trouble breathing rash, hives, blisters, muscle pain with fever, tired feeling or blurry vision. common side effects are dizziness, sleepiness, weight gain and swelling of hands, legs, and feet. don't drink alcohol while taking lyrica. don't drive or use machinery until you know how lyrica affects you. those who have had a drug or alcohol problem may be more likely to misuse lyrica. fibromyalgia may have changed things, but with less pain, i'm still a doer. ask your doctor about lyrica today. lyrica. move forward with less fibromyalgia pain. the taste of light and fit greek non fat yogurt gives you the power to help make temptation shrink away! light and fit greek. with irresistible flavors like strawberry cheesecake never have 80 calories tasted so satisfying! light and fit greek. taste the power of satisfaction. ♪ dannon ♪ . if becoming healthier is a new year's resolution, you might be among the 45 million americans expected to get a routine physical this year. in an article in "the new york times," the doctor who helped create president obama's health care law is challenging that wisdom. the doctor's quote, not having my annual physical is one small way i can help reduce health care costs and save myself time worry and a worthless exam. our medical doctor is here with more on this. a worthless exam? >> worthless is a strong word. it provokes an emotional reaction not just from patients but from doctors. the reality is we like to practice evidence-based medicine. and the evidence does not support the idea of the annual physical exam. the best research we have came from a review that was published in 2012 that looked at 14 trials over 180,000 patients and found that the annual physical does not reduce cost does not reduce hospitalizations. so our major medical organizations, the american medical association do not currently endorse the annual physical exam. >> maybe that's because the annual physical the way it's done is is worthless. >> that's the big thing. really reimagining the way we perform the annual physical. >> tell me more. >> i just think this is an interesting debate. here you have the president and his advisers push obamacare and make preventive care easier. and then they are saying you don't need the preventive care. when we should be doing more of it in this country and the whole point behind obamacare is to make this preventive care less costly to the individual. >> and i don't think anybody is saying to take away preventive care. that's one of the benefits. it's just a question of reimagining how we perform the annual physical. could it it be bi-annual. >> every visit to the doctor you get your flu shot, cholesterol checked, ask about other problems. >> so the harms is overdiagnosis and overtreatment. when you go and have a full battery of tests, you find something. the question is that leads to more tests, which could potentially be harmful to the patient and costly. >> where is the balance between minimum and overbalancing? how do we know that? >> that's the big question. we know there's certain screening tests that work. mammograms, pap smears, these are the things we need to be getting. so the question is how do we create something that works for people in terms of prevention and screening but that's more customized to the individual as opposed to the same tests for everybody. >> that's where we're headed. i think the future of medicine is going to be exactly that. it's going to be me sitting down with you and saying what are your particular risk factors? what screening tests are appropriate for you at your age and counselling you on the lifestyle things that work for you. >> i'll tell you how i feel about this. every time you go to the doctor they say did you get your mammogram, no, i haven't. >> it takes away from the doctor/patient relationship. that's one of the big reasons. >> thank you. comeing up, the advertising spots that shape our lives. >> hello, i'm a mac. >> and i'm a pc. we have a lot to do. what's your big plan? >> the top 15 campaigns of the 21st century so o far. see which ones made the list only on "cbs this morning." campaigns so far. 2015 so far. see which one bs made the list on "cbs this morning." you need a team. working together. doing all kinds of jobs. and the best place to find any job, in any industry is on the world's #1 job site. indeed. how the world works. introducing the new subway "simple 6 menu". six of our best six-inch subs- like the italian bmt and tender turkey breast! with a 21-ounce drink and a bag of chips for just $6 every day. it's value made simple. subway! ♪ for very dry skin, you need healing. new vaseline intensive care with micro-droplets of vaseline jelly relieves dry skin and moisturizes to heal it in just 5 days. clinically proven. that's the healing power of vaseline. let me get this straight... [ female voice ] yes? lactaid® is 100% real milk? right. real milk. but it won't cause me discomfort. exactly because it's milk without the lactose. and it tastes? it's real milk! come on, would i lie about this? [ female announcer ] lactaid. 100% real milk. no discomfort. alright, so this tylenol arthritis lasts 8 hours but aleve can last 12 hours. and aleve is proven to work better on pain than tylenol arthritis. so why am i still thinking about this? how are ya? good. aleve. proven better on pain. (vo) at jennie-o, we heard of a place in iowa where every thursday people ride ten miles for tacos. we thought we'd show up and surprise them with a better kind of taco, made with jennie-o ground turkey, cooked thoroughly to 165. (mom) i'd feed my kids turkey tacos over regular tacos any day. (woman) i think that they're light and they're just fresh tasting. (vo) it's time for a better taco. (kid) the tacos tonight were pretty much perfect. (vo) make the switch. look for jennie-o ground turkey at a store near you. only on "cbs this morning" advertising agencies are revaling their top 15 campaigns for the century. the list features the best moments going back 15 years. they set new standards and influence pop culture. topping the list the dove campaign for real beauty. ♪ natalie joins us. good morning. >> hi. >> why is this dove ad the number one. >> it did a lot of things. this came out of a time when there was a lot of discussion in culture about what it meant to be beautiful, what beauty was, and dove came out with this campaign that really caught people's attention and it had a big impact on sales. >> number one overall. number four, beauty for men in a different way. >> yeah. >> old spice's 2010 ad for body wash. i think we have a clip of this first. >> look down back up where are you? you're on a boat with a man your man could smell. what's in your hand. back at me. i have it. it's an oyster with two tickets to that thing you love. look again. the tickets are now diamond. anything is possible when your man smells like old spice and not a lady. i'm not a horse. >> why did this resonate? >> because we're all laughing. >> it was perfect because there was this insight that said a lot of men are just using their wives and girlfriend's body wash and old spice was this dusty old brand and we were trying to figure out how to get women to think about our body wash in a positive way without alienating men. it was right on. it impacted sales and impacted how people thought about it. >> do you use your wife's body wash? >> sometimes. >> admit it. >> there's a problem with one of our showers right now. i use -- i don't know what it is though. >> it's just like who cares. >> and a lieu fa. >> it cleans you, rife? >> also on the list is budweiser's what's up advertisement. take a listen. >> what's up? yeah. >> yo. where's dukey. >> the duke? >> hey. >> yo. >> what's up. >> what's up. >> sup? sup. >> you say this chains multicultural marketing. how so? >> when this was shown to distributors, they were really nervous. they felt it was too multi-cultural and too urban and when this came out, people didn't see it as mull try cultural advertising. they saw it as a group of friends so that's how marketer thought about multicultural going forward. number seven on the list features charlie the most interesting man in the world. it's actually dull seekys but that's what i think of. here's a clip >> mosquitos refuse to bite. >> mosquitos refuse to bite him. >> i mean they have to keep feeding this, too, to come up with new tag lines. >> this is a perfect tag line of a brand zigging when everyone else was zagging because in the beer industry you're targeting young men by and large and they're doing it with humor like we saw in the what's up ad and they say, hey, we're going to cast a gentleman that's a little older and he doesn't necessarily drink beer all the tiemme. >> but when he does. >> when he does he drinks dull zeky. >> to see the full good monday morning. it's 8:25. how about some headlines around the bay area? san leandro police officer recovering after crashing his cruiser in oakland. it happened near the northbound 880 on-ramp neither airport just after one this morning. witnesses say the officer was chasing another vehicle when he hit a concrete piling. the golden gate bridge back open. the bridge shut down so the workers could install a new safety barrier median. drivers will see some changes to the bridge because of that barrier. the merge from the southbound lane of 101 on the waldo grade has been reconfigured. the speed limit lowered from 55 to 45. so take is slow. kaiser mental health workers across california begin a week long strike today. they claim their department is understaffed and patients are having to wait too long for appointments. kaiser says it's working to improve special forces and it's calling the -- services and it's calling it a negotiating strat. >> j.p.: they will be good morning. of course, all eyes on the golden gate bridge and now we have our first problems. a crash near vista point on the marin county side has traffic slow on northbound 101 from end to end across the span. there is actually two crashes in marin county we are watching. the thirst is near vista point just north of the tower -- or north of the span, rather. then there is another one as you continue towards mill valley. northbound 101 at tiberon boulevard. three lanes are blocked. slowdowns in both directions of 101. it's also foggy. take a look at this. this is our live kpix weather camera aboard the tower. if you look in the distance you see the tip top of the towers of the golden globe -- golden gate bridge. temperatures are in the 40s. and with the spare the air in effect for the 11th consecutive day temperatures 50s and 60s. slightly above average for this 12 day of the month of january. the extended forecast. hazy, stagnant, sunshine tuesday through thursday. we cloud up on friday. that will lead to the potential of rain of rain over the welcome back to "cbs this morning." ahead in this half hour we continue our conversation with senator mark rue bow right here in studio 57. his idea to fix what he calls opportunity and equality in america. plus what it could take for conservative republicans to win back the white house. and a composers who sounds create an effect. he shows the hidden power of audio for companies to put a little voice inside your head. that's coming up. cbs san francisco says the golden gate bridge is back open this morning. this span was closed from midnight friday to sunday night to install a moveable median berra. it was the longest ever closure for the span. it opened last night, six hours ahead of schedule. aaron rodgers changed a play during the first touchdown drive. he called an audio name play that got some people's attention. >> new york bozo new york bozo. >> rodgers was asked in a postgame interview what new york bozo meant. >> what's new york bozo mean? >> what? >> new york bozo. >> what about it. did you guys hear that? ah, our guys don't know what that means either. >> some speculated it was a jab at new jersey governor chris christie, a local cowboys supporter. the packers went on to beat them 26-21 after a late controversial call reversal. >> that was quite a game. "shanghai daily" says nearly 1 million couples have applied to have a second child. they eased the rule last year to account for an winner kevin spacey returns to the hit series which premieres on february & 27th. florida's senator marco rubio is back with us. he's deciding whether to run for senate next year or try for a higher office. senator, good morning. >> good morning. thanks for having me. >> it seems to me in public -- in the public discussion today everyone is looking for a way to look at income inequality, look at what's happened to middle class. that's the subject of the moment. >> it is. that's why i wanted to write the book. >> everyone has a different answer. >> that's why i wanted to write the book. it's my experience it wasn't that long ago if you were willing to work hard and persevere you would eventually find a job that would pay enough to buy a home buy a car and put your kids through college. my parents never had much education but working as a bar tenter and a made we made it. it's difficult today. there's three reasons why it's happening. one, we have more global competition than ever. there are other countries that now want what we've had historically over the last 20 30 years and we're losing that competition increasingly. second, many of the better paying jobs in the 21st century require skills and education that people don't have. and, third, everything covets more and you have new costs. my parents did isn'tn't have a cell phone. there are millions who feel like the american dream is slipping out of reach and as a nation that's problematic because it undermines our ability as nation. we don't address we'll lose what makes us special. >> you are prohibited by law from running for both the senate and the presidency at the same time. when will you make a decision about which race to make a run in? >> first of all the book is relevant to that. i'll tell you why. this book outlines an agenda for restoring middle class. >> do you need to be president do that? >> that's a good question. that's the decision i have to make. where's the best place to achieve the outline. is it in the senate t majority or as president of the united states. >> isn't that an obvious answer? >> isn't it interesting? someone else said the same thing to me. i think ta's the problem we have. i thing we've come to believe want to change america the best place to be is in the white house. >> the question is where at this point in your life are you best able to serve in the country, in the u.s. senate or as president. >> let's talk about the politics of running for president. jeb bush who you were very close to politically in florida when you were in the legislature, and then you have mitt romney announcing recently that wait a minute, i may get in myself. what does all this do to the outlook for 2016? >> first of all, mitt has run for president twice so he knows how to put a campaign toke and will obviously raise a lot of money. jeb bush, you saw a lot of reports, he's going to raise over $100 million, and i think he can certainly do that and will in the next few months. they'll be very formidable candidates. i honestly if you're committed to a policy agenda and no one else is speaking to the policies you believe in irrespeckive offer who else is in the race you do it. if i decide the best place for me to serve america at this time in my life aisle run for president and i'm confident we can put together a campaign that makes us competitive and allows us to win. >> have you spoken with jeb recently? >> i have. a lot by e-mail. he's great e-mailer. >> and he released all that. >> and he'll lease more, i imagine. look. this is not -- i wouldn't -- if i run for president, it won't be against anyone. it's because i believe i have an agenda that no one else is offering on our side of the aisle and i believe it use because i'll do a better job. >> how much did that surprise you about governor romney? i think that surprised a lot of people. >> i think you've seen it over the past few months. i think to me the more quality people run, the better. that's why putting it in writing was so important to me. that's not the first time i've done that. when i was speaker of the house i said 100 innovative ideas and passed all 100 and put 56 or 57 in florida. to me it's an agenda that i outline. i hope we can have a debate in the republican party about the best way to restore middle-class opportunity. >> i want to get your take on cuba because you oppose the president's recent resent actions. >> they released the 53 prisoners. >> that's great news but unfortunately we don't know who they are. it's been kept secret. my understanding is many of them were at the end of their terms and all of them have been warned if they take up the cause of democracy they'll be back in jail. what's forgotten is the cuban government has arrested thousands. 53 versus the thousands -- over the weekend they rounded up some other 100 people because they planned to go tothe public square and speak of freedom and democracy. in return, of those 53 and i don't mean to diminish it, the cubans are getting what they want from the obama administration. i don't have a problem changing the policies in cuba but i think it has to be a reciprocal change. >> some argue that if in fact cuba is opened up it will change. did vietnam changed? >> it did not challenge, nor did china. >> it changed -- >> sure, but my interest is -- i think people living in the free democratic order can choose whatever they want. i wouldn't recommend socialism, but they can choose it. my interest in cuba is freedom and democracy and there's no contemporary example of a country with a resistant tierney that an economic challenge is open. china is as tyrannical and oppressive as it has ever been, even more so. even vietnam and burma has suddenly backtracked on some of the changes and openings they promised to make. my belief is that the cuban government will pocket all of these changes to benefit the regime which completely controls the economy, but it has made it clear there will be no political changes on the island of cuba and there's no example of how a tyranny is open to change. >> do you believe the embargo ♪ >> big finish. ♪ >> i got chills. hollywood made it look easy to come up with music for the news in the 1987 movie "broadcast news," but in the real world it sometimes take months for the world to create a tune that impacts. don dahler knows the impact of sound. good morning. >> good morning. big finish. while much of that goes to create memorable video and images, there is a growing recognition that to sell a product, your ears are just as important as your eyes. at chili's, the signature sound of their sizzling fajitas is guaranteed to turn heads at every table. ♪ >> reporter: mr. softy's iconic jingle served up child memories with a side of ice cream. and while movies say we're headed to galaxy far, far away, it's not until we hear that legendary music that the music truly begins. they're called sonic booms. ♪ >> reporter: a beat. a pop. >> hands up don't shoot. >> reporter: even rallying cry. they're sounds that break through everyday noise and grab our attention. author and composer joel beckerman has written a book about them. >> boom moments are moments where sound or music triggers some powerful emotional reaction that transforms your experience in an instant. it could be voices your voice, your kid's voice, and they also actually trigger these powerful memories. you remember how it felt to be there that night. >> duracell battery. >> very well done. very well done. >> reporter: for decades corporate america has turned to him to brand its products with sound and music. ♪ >> reporter: all in an effort to make us loyal customers. from at&t wireless to hbo to right here at cbs news. he's the man behind the music at "cbs this morning." >> really this was about pulling people in. hey, there's important things you need to know. we're going to pull you into this story. >> 10 of the 15 most popular brands have branded into sonic marketing to provide market strategy. ooet i'd like to buy the world a coke and keep it company ♪ >> reporter: he recognizes jingles alone don't sell products. >> we're not in that era anymore. jijles are very catchy they might be memorable but ultimately they're not very meaningful. what is new is how sound and music is used in association with these brands. ♪ >> reporter: clients want their sonic identity to tell a story. the day we visited his studio beckerman was recording a drumline for the dallas cowboys. they want a musical score for their home games at at&t stadium to resemble a sound track in a movie. >> your home team is you know fourth and goal and it's a very, very tense moment. and what do you want to do if you're the home team? you want to pump up your fans. >> reporter: but just as a sonic boom can be a powerful ally, it can be equally obstructive. just ask frito-lay, maker of sun chips. with much fanfare, they introduced a biodegradable bag in 2010 but consumers were almost instantly turned off. >> also the loudest bag in the world. listen. that's ridiculous. >> so noisy in fact that somebody put up a facebook page that was called sorry but i can't here you over the sound of the sun chips bag and they got something like over 40,000 likes. >> reporter: the company pulled it from store shelves. >> we have to get smarter about how we hear music and sound, not only as companies and brands but also as individuals. it's an amazingly powerful force in our lives and if we use it well, everybody's life gets better. >> in less than an hour beckerman had transformed a single drummer into an entire marching band and created a sonic boom with a message. cowboy fans time to rally behind your team. ♪ >> didn't quite work yesterday, but that's the sort of music in our main theme and the "eye opener" at "cbs this morning." it took beckerman two months and eight different versions to nail it down. i think he did well. >> oh the nationwide commercial with peyton manning. ♪ losing does not feel so great ♪ how he did it. you'll see the story on "cbs this morning." you're watching "cbs this morning." ♪ ♪ ♪ we're on a mission, a mission for underwareness, a cause to support the over 65 million people who may need the trusted protection of depend underwear. join us. drop your pants for underwareness and show off a pair of depend. because wearing a different kind of underwear, is no big deal. support the cause and get a free sample of depend at underwareness.com. that does it for us. for news any time anywhere you you can find a new frontier. there's nothing stopping you and a lot helping you. technology that's with you always. this is our promise. it's never been better to wander because wherever you go, you'll find us doing everything we can, so you can. good morning, checking conditions at the golden gate bridge. first it's foggy. that's the biggest thing right now, and then there was a crash northbound 101 near vista point so just north of the span. they just worked to clear it but it was a multicar crash. not sure at this point if it was related to the new median barrier. in the meantime traffic is improving now. still sluggish near the north tower. we're still watching this accident. it's a bigger deal, a traffic alert three lanes blocked northbound 101 coming into mill valley. traffic is really backed up from at least highway 1, and it's also affecting traffic southbound as well. just mostly people looking at the crash over the center divide. bay bridge is a busy back to wayne: hey, it's tv! jonathan: it's a new jet ski! - what?! wayne: oops! you don't know me, you're not my mama. you're not my mom! tiffany: oh, my god! jonathan: it's a trip to jamaica! wayne: lord have mercy. you got the big deal of the day! - give me door number one! jonathan: it's time for “let's make a deal.” now here's tv's big dealer wayne brady! wayne: hey, welcome, america. this is “let's make a deal,” i'm wayne brady. two people, let's make a deal. let's see, let's see two of you. you, come here, you. yes, i want you to stand over there for me. the biker, i think you're a biker with the star glasses. yes. everybody else have a seat for me. everybody else sit down, sit down. welcome, welcome, welcome. - may i shake your hand? wayne: of course. - yeah! wayne: you
the police do not want to implement the laws on behalf of women and girls. >> ifill: those are some of the stories we're covering on tonight's pbs newshour. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: ♪ ♪ ♪ moving our economy for 160 years. bnsf, the engine that connects us. >> lincoln financial-- committed to helping you take charge of your life and become you're own chief life officer. >> and the william and flora hewlett foundation, helping people build immeasurably better lives. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions and... >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. >> ifill: the u.s. central command's social media websites were hacked today. the hackers called themselves cyber-caliphate and said they acted on behalf of islamic state militants. threats posted on centcom's twitter feed included a warning that said: "american soldiers, we are coming. watch your back." other postings showed soldiers at work, and even listed names and phone numbers of military personnel. and, there were scenarios for conflict with north korea and china, but a pentagon spokesman said none of the material was classified. brian fung of "the washington post" has followed the story, and spoke with us earlier. >> looks mainly as though the attackers went to public sources of information and grabbed screen shots and other reports about u.s. military personnel, retired army officers, so on to release online to make it look as though they'd penetrated the pentagon's network. so far, there doesn't appear to be any major indication that's happened. >> ifill: the hackers also uploaded an islamic state recruiting video to centcom's youtube account with images of fighters carrying out operations. fung says the hackers may have recently attacked several news outlets as well. >> like a lot of hacker organizations, we don't know a whole lot about these guys except for the fact that they're apparently behind a couple of attacks on some local news outlets earlier this month, and in those attacks they went after some newspapers and local cbs afull yachts. other than that, however, we don't know a whole lot about the hackers behind this latest attack. >> ifill: centcom's twitter and youtube account were suspended after being compromised. but a pentagon spokesman dismissed the hack as "little more than a prank." president obama called today for new efforts to beef up the nation's cyber-security. he spoke before word emerged of the attack on central command. instead, he cited the hack of sony pictures. his proposals included tougher laws against identity theft and new protections for students' data. >> this is a direct threat to the economic security of american families and we've got to stop it. if we are going to be connected, then we need to be protected. as americans, we shouldn't have to forfeit our basic privacy when we go online to do our business. >> ifill: the president plans to include the cyber-security ideas in his state of the union address next week. french police officials now say as many as six members of a terror cell may still be on the loose. that word came today as police and troops spread out in the wake of last week's bloodshed in paris. guns at the ready and eyes on the streets. security forces kept close watch as parents dropped off children off at jewish schools in paris this morning. they were among nearly 15000 police and soldiers dispatched to beef up security across france. >> ( translated ): we are going to be very cautious, but we will open the school as usual, we are going to teach as usual, we will behave as usual, because that's the best way to resist. >> ifill: last week's terror attacks left 17 people dead including four at a kosher grocery store on friday. a muslim employee there helped save 15 others, but he says police first thought he was a terrorist, too. >> ( translated ): yes, they did. when i emerged, they told me to put my hands on my head and to lie on the ground. i panicked. there were lots of people and a lot of shouting. >> ifill: meanwhile, prime minister manual valls told bfm-tv today that the manhunt for accomplices continues. one may have helped post this video on sunday, recorded earlier by amedy coulibaly. he was the gunman at the jewish grocery, and had also killed a french policewoman. in the message, he pledged allegiance to the islamic state group. >> ( translated ): what we are doing is totally legitimate, given what they are doing. one can't attack and get nothing in return. >> ifill: coulibaly died when police stormed the grocery. but the hunt for his fugitive wife, hayat boumeddiene, came up empty. newly released security camera video showed her arriving, with a male companion, in istanbul turkey on january 2. turkey's interior minister said today there had been no reason to stop her. >> ( translated ): there was no notice from france on this person stating that she is dangerous and she should be banned from entering the country. therefore, there isn't a specific entry ban on this person. >> ifill: there was no ban on her exit either, turkish officials now say she crossed into syria last thursday, one day after 12 people were shot dead at "charlie hebdo," a satirical paris newspaper. the gunmen there, brothers said and cherif kouachi, had known her husband since 2005. they, too, died in a police shootout on friday. the week of terror brought out well over one million people in paris on sunday for a march of unity that featured a number of world leaders. the american ambassador to france, jane hartley, represented the united states. but the administration suffered withering criticism for failing to send anyone of higher rank. white house spokesman josh earnest conceded today that was a mistake. >> some have asked whether or not the unites states should have sent someone with a higher profile than the ambassador to france, and i think its fair to say that we should have sent someone with a higher profile to be there. >> ifill: secretary of state john kerry will travel to paris on friday. the white house plans a summit on how to counter violent extremism, next month. and, we'll get an update on the link between the paris attacks and yemen, after the news summary. >> ifill: secretary kerry arrived in pakistan today, pressing for more action against taliban safe havens along the afghan border. the visit came as officials reopened a school where taliban attackers killed 150 classmates and teachers last month. students return to class tomorrow. northeastern nigeria is reeling from new carnage caused by boko haram. witnesses say the islamist militants used young girls, about ten-years-old, in suicide bombings on saturday and sunday. nearly 20 people were killed. it's also been reported the militants killed as many as 2,000 people last week around baga, in borno state, after seizing a key military base. nigeria's military claim the true figure is 150 dead including militants. cuba completed its release of 53 political prisoners today, under last month's diplomatic deal with the united states. they were on a list of opposition figures jailed for urging political and social reforms. a cuban dissident leader says 17 of the 53 had already been released before president obama announced a restoration of ties with havana. investigators in indonesia finally have their hands on a black box recorder from that crashed air-asia jetliner. it was pulled from the underwater wreckage today, and taken to jakarta for examination. the other black box, the flight data recorder, remains lodged under parts of the plane. officials appealed for patience as they piece together what happened. >> ( translated ): i urge all experts not to give any theory if they do not have a valid data and please don't make people confused. we urge people to wait and be patient with our ongoing investigations. i hope all data that we collect will be good and valid so our team can analyze it faster. >> ifill: all 162 people on board were killed in the december crash. but so far, only 48 bodies have been recovered. back in this country, new york city's new inspector general accused police of using banned chokeholds sometimes as a first response. he also said the department has failed to punish the practice. the report follows a grand jury's decision not to indict an officer in the chokehold death of staten island resident eric gardner last summer. two policemen in albuquerque, new mexico, were charged with murder today, in the death of a homeless man last march. the victim had a history of mental illness, but video from a police camera appeared to show he was trying to surrender, when the officers fired. >> we think that there's evidence that gives us the legal standard probable cause. we've always said that if we can meet that standard, we will go forward. and we believe that we can meet that standard and we are going forward. >> ifill: after the killings the u.s. justice department issued a sharply critical report on the police department's use of force. supporters of the keystone pipeline project move to advance it in the senate. they want a procedural vote to clear the way to complete the pipe like. the bill passed the house but the white house warned of veet o. in health news today, a review for the world health organization finds online medical training is just as effective as traditional training. it says so-called e-learning could give the world millions more doctors and nurses especially in poor nations where the need is greatest. and another new study finds head start programs can help fight obesity. university of michigan researchers found obese and overweight children were more likely to lose weight in the program, which focuses in part on healthy eating and physical activity. the findings appear in the journal "pediatrics." wall street started the week by giving ground as falling oil prices pulled stocks lower. the dow jones industrial average lost 96 points to close at 17,640; the nasdaq fell 39 points to close at 4,664; and the s&p 500 slipped 16 to finish at 2,028. >> ifill: still to come on the newshour. where westernized jihadists go to train. rising anti-semitism in france prompts more jews to leave for israel. holding india's police forces accountable in the fight against human trafficking. how the price at the pump affects american car buying. a bipartisan plan to un-stick capitol hill gridlock. plus, how the arts and humanities are good for the economy. >> ifill: the discovery that one of the brothers involved in the paris attacks received al qaeda training in yemen, put that terrorist group-- and yemen-- back in the spotlight. joining me for more on the threats from both, and the u.s. strategy to try to contain them, is chief foreign affairs correspondent margaret warner. so, margaret, do these attacks in paris change the assessment here of what the risks are? >>are? i don't think it changes the assessment because u.s. intelligence officials have been saying they thought the real danger was not so much returning foreign fighters but at least even lone wolves are those inspired to attack. so one u.s. official told me he was really not surprised by what happened in paris. as you know, the chief spokesman for islamic state, back in september, called on followers in all these western countries to attack their own targets at home. you saw some attacking canada, you saw attempted attacks and hostage taking in australia. so from the u.s. perspective, the u.s. views it as a pretty good bead on the very few from u.s. have gone to iraq and syria. even though these two brothers were on the no-fly list they're worried there are plenty of others out there who are inspired, who can get into the united states without a visa to come from western europe. >> ifill: what is it about yemen? you were there in 2010, reporting for us. at the time, there was some question about whether it was a hot bed for jihaddism, and i'm wondering whether it is again. >> yes. -- yes and yes. i went to try to figure out why it is considered a hot bed. senior officials say yemen is the greatest threat to american security out there. i was stunned because that was not the thinking in early 2010. the reasons are both his historic and today. historically, yemenis have punched above their weight. then when what you had was the formation within yemen of sawed yand yemeni branches combine to create the al quaida-arabian peninsula. the saudis are very tough on people like that. the yemenis do not control most of their own territory, so you have a permissive environment because you have vast, ungoverned spaces, then you have enter the phenomenon of al-awlaki, this very effective american-born preacher who found haven there, the yemenys always give haven. then returning guantanamo detainees who were saudi who would not have been allowed to exist in saudi arabia but came to yemen, and a very ineffective government that the u.s. was trying to help. >> ifill: i wonder about the distinction anymore. al quaida on the arabian peninsula is different in theory from the islamic state group. >> yes. >> ifill: we heard one suspect say he was representing al quaida and the other said he was representing i.s. is that a distinction without difference anymore? >> one intelligence official said he thinks it's 50% crab regulation and 50% competition. no doubt they're competing in sir. i can't al quaida happens to be fighting with western-baghdad rebels with president assad. they share the same airnlings anti-western and anti-local governments who are, they consider, too western or too alhide with the west. so in that sense, the concern of intelligence officials is there's been too much made of the separation and even in the inner circles of the intelligence community, you start with groups and you keep analyzing the groups and stove pipes and you miss the connections. >> ifill: final question for you. there has been much to do about whether the president should have gone to the big march in paris over the weekend and today the white house acknowledged maybe someone more high-ranking if not the president should have gone. is this of concern in europe? >> talking to the senior official in europe and others, they don't want to criticize the president, and the cooperation the u.s. is giving is huge, so operationally, no complaint. but you can always count on the tabloids in britain and the daily mail saying obama snubs paris rally. >> ifill: tabloids here as well. margaret warner, thank you. >> ifill: as we reported earlier thousands of french police were dispatched today to secure jewish sites throughout france. friday's attack on the kosher grocery came as a shock to many around the world. many french jews were less surprised. anti-semitic attacks, often violent, in the country were on the rise in 2014. the number of jews fleeing france to make a new home in israel more than doubled last year growing from 3,400 in 2013 to 7,000. "the atlantic's" jeffrey goldberg was in paris last week before the attacks happened reporting on the growing threats to the country's jewish community. jeffery, welcome. >> brown: thank you. >> ifill: are these specific new threats or something that's just been continuing? >> brown: the french-jewish community has been living a certain reality for quite a long time, already. two years ago there was an horrific attack on a jewish school in toulouse three children murdered by a returning jihadist. this is in the category of shocking but not surprising. the rest of france is sort of coming on board to the realization of what's going on. >> ifill: these attacks last week in paris put it into a new light. >> brown: definitely and definitely increased the urgency. i think it was the amplification effect of having the horrific charlie hebdo attack and then realizing another type of first-tier target for these guys would be any kind of soft jewish site. a supermarket is very seas to attack. one of the reasons a supermarket like that was attacked was synagogues and schools are already protected. that's why the steps to put soldiers in front of jewish schools was so dramatic because it's a recognition that even with all the police have been doing, they haven't been doing enough. >> ifill: cheers extremists trying to make a point but does it extend to the larger community as well? >> brown: to the larger non-jewish community? >> ifill: yes. >> brown: i just got back and i think everyone now feels that the country is under siege in in a way. i don't want to overstate it but there is a siege feeling. you see it on the street, on the metro, the trains that they're behind the 8 ball a little bit, that these guys especially people who have been radicalized in syria, yemen and elsewhere are traveling back and forth and i think there's also this overwhelming realization in france last week that it takes one or two or three people to completely turn upside down a country and that's what everybody is scared about. >> ifill: the difference between people in general who are scared everybody being scared, and the jewish community in particular, is that some of them are getting on planes and flying to israel. >> brown: right. the jewish community is targeted in a more intensive way also has a way out. eth not only israel people are going to. canada, some are coming to the u.s. it's not an exodus yet to borrow from an older jewish story, it's not an exodus jet and what the french government is worried about is it will become an exodus. i talked to the french president manuel valls who is very strenuous on this point. he said if 100,000 jews were to flee france, fraps would stop being france. one to have the core ideas was the emancipation of the jews in the time of the french revolution. if the jews no longer feel it's safe then the whole idea of the republic kind of collapses on itself. one other point that the french prime minister and other french officials are making are things that start with the jews never end with the jews. in other words it's that old form l.a. first they came for the jews and i wasn't a jew so i didn't say anything. but in this case they came for the cartoonists in the middle of the week and by the end of the week they're coming back for the jews. there is a feel that if this isn't nipped in the bud churches, schools, shopping malls might be targeted. >> ifill: is the prime minister speaking generally for the entire french government because, as you know, there have been far right parties who they believe have exacerbated this attitude and problem and i wonder whether he is speaking for everybody? >> brown: well, he's speaking for the president, i think, number two, and the president is number one. he's speaking for the security infrastructure. there's a fascinating and troubling thing going on. traditionally, before the new wave antisemitism was mainly located in france in the extreme right. now the extreme right has turned more anti-muslim than anti-jewish, so it's trying to appeal to jews in saying we're the only ones who can stand up for your rights. >> ifill: that's turned upside down. >> brown: yeah, and most to have the jewish leadership still understands that, you know they might not like muslims but i but they also don't like jews. so you have a situation in which muslim terrorist are as tacking jewish targets. muslims in france feel oppressed, the right wing doesn't like anybody. it's a difficult situation. >> ifill: the friction, did it ramp up this summer after the disputes in the gaza strip israeli-palestinian? >> brown: whenever that subject is in the news it intensifies actions on the ground across europe. obviously, when people are yelling hamas, hamas to the jews, they have deeper pathologies at work. there is obviously legitimate criticism of israel and the french government for policies in the middle east and that's one basket of issues. what we saw in the summer with attacks on synagogues, i had been in a lot of the towns are things take place, really horrifying attacks of people yelling death to the jews and attacking people physically that is, joked say, sparked by a certain understanding of the middle east. it's no excuse, of course, but quickly spins out of control. >> ifill: is there any government efforts underway to curb this? >> brown: the french government says they're working hard on counterradicallization and on the security front in tracking people coming back from the syrian front, working on counterradicallization in prisons, on education but i didn't meet anyone who felt like the situation was under control. >> ifill: jeffrey brown, thank you very much. >> brown: thank you. >> ifill: now to india, and a crusade to end child sex trafficking. special correspondent fred de sam lazaro traveled there recently to take a closer look at the issue, and the often unsuccessful efforts to combat the practice. tonight, we have the first of his two reports. they are part of our agents for change series. (sound of children playing) >> reporter: there was an unusual demonstration in this town on the boarder of india, nepal. that's because most women with backgrounds of prostitution are rarely seen in public. they talk about social evils in the social ladder at which they're at the very boddum. >> wherever we go, we're all low-classed. prostitution is passed from mother to daughter and father to son. >> reporter: she is a former journalist who started a group called "on our own" which organized the lal raleigh. the group rescued many women taught them crachts and put their daughters in school. they're also part of a protest movement that followed the fatal gang rape of a delhi college student two years ago, a campaign that got lawmakers to act against what many called a culture of rape and mo. rape. the law recognizes the women as victim. >> the consent of a victim to her own exploitation will still put the blame on the perpetrator who used her consent to traffic her. >> reporter: flyers were distributed to inform people to have the new laws and the victory by n a recent court case. the court ordered citizen committees be set up in every community in this region. the committees would gather cayta on every child up to 18 years old in the communities and essentially keep tabs on the welfare of the children to ensure no child is trafficked when i worked here eight years ago, women could not look up. they had to cover their head and were terrified of the traffickers beating them up. now the whole system is changed and traffic eradicated. >> reporter: laws are only as good as enforcement as we would see hours after the rally. a couple of staffers came to this police station inside india along the nepal border. they learned at least two young women have been trafficked and making final arrangements with the police to conduct a raid to rescue them tonight. the team met up at 6:00 p.m. they hadn't told police where they were going beforehand for fear traffickers would be tipped off. once they shared the information, they were asked to wait because the female officers who were to accompanied them had been delayed. when the women still hadn't arrived two hours later the raid proceeded anyway, hours after the planned start. three women and six policemen. >> this is where the customers are brought in. >> reporter: a few minutes later they were in the local red-light area and in a three-rove hubble where they expected one young woman was being held. it was dank, dark and deserted. what's going on? >> i think the girl has been kept at the police station for two hours. we suspect they send information to the traffickers here because there's not a man in sight, which is very unusual in the red light area. where are the customers? it's very very odd. >> reporter: signing thing next door. a deserted home, evidence this too was a brothel whose occupants left in a hurry. >> there's evidence someone just ran. the blanket still on the bed. >> reporter: further in the courtyard, a door padlocked on the outside of another home used as a brothel. the police were armed with big rifleles but had no means to break the lock open. the task fell finally to a man said to be related to the building owner. the occupants are suspected to have fled over the wall in the back when they heard the group arrive in the front and she mildly admonished the policemen. >> coming forward when you do such raids, you should think about circling a home like this so people don't have the opportunity to run away. and you folks are not gathering any evidence. could you please take some of this? let me show you. >> reporter: an officer duly followed but did not record anything. with the lock finally broken, they found a framed picture of one of the young women they were looking for. the man who let them in initially denied knowing her but then relented and said he knew where she was being held. the police ordered him to produce her in one hour at the police station. so he's gone off to bring the girl, ostensibly. do you think you will see her this evening? >> if the cops want you will see her. >> reporter: at the station i asked the obvious question. the suspicion immediately is somebody maybe from your own police force has tipped them off. he was more comfortable in hindi,less comfortable with the question. said he didn't have information but promised to investigate. the young woman never showed up at the station but the female police officers finally tid, too late to have any effective role in the attempted rescue. there were no police vehicles available to get here from their base at another station, they complained. >> i wondered why because it was never implemented. this is back to ground zero. the police, come what may, do not want toimple meant laws on behalf of women and girls. >> reporter: she said part of the job of activist is to jade educate an ill-informed police force on the laws and hold them accountable. in its years the group has helped 20,000 young women and girls leave or not enter sex trade. fred de sam lazaro in india for the pbs "newshour". >> ifill: on tomorrow night's report, fred goes on another rescue raid with a very different outcome. his reporting is a partnership with the under-told stories project at st. mary's university of minnesota. >> ifill: one year ago, when automakers held their big auto show in detroit, a gallon of gas went for an average of three dollars and 31 cents. now, as the auto show gets underway again, it's dropped by a third, all the way down to two dollars and 13 cents a gallon. and that presents some intriguing challenges this year. on one hand, manufacturers like g.m. are creating more fuel efficient cars, like the bolt, a new electric-powered concept car which is designed to get 200 miles from a single charge. but on the other end of the spectrum, big new suv's and sedans are rolling off production lines for buyers now less worried about gas prices. john stoll is the global auto editor for "the wall street journal" and he joins me from detroit. after all the bright shining things at the auto show john, what are the trends you're seeing? >> the trend is definitely back toward big trucks and suv's in terms of the conversation now we're having about the immediate environment. the economy is doing well, gas prices down to $2 a gallon or less, and there is a lot of what a lot of automakers think is a natural progression toward the suv and truck body style in most of america so they're catering to that. at the same time you have this tension. while dealers want more and more trucks and suv's, regulators one more things like the chevy bolt or tesla, vehicles that can run on battery or electricity and get better fuel economy. so that tension is di de fining the auto show more than anything at this point. >> ifill: are the things most exciting the great big luxury suvs or the new little cars you can plug in or a little bit of both? >> i think somewhere in between. on the show floor you have some super cars, the first cars that are taken out of the product lineup when things are bad. an example, gored has the g.t. or they're calling it the phoenix is back, a super car made from carbon fiber. a 3.5 3.5-liter turbo engine, built for gas miles which is a new conversation in that vehicle but shows exactly where the automakers are going. even in the high-end, super luxury super performance, they know fuel economy is important. the regulators are going to start asking them in two years and then another decade down the road where are you at with the mandates put in place and even super cars and trucks have to get more fuel efficient. >> ifill: so the mandates stay in place even though grass prices might bounce back. >> yeah, i think the review the government will have with the auto industry in 2017 will be more important. at $2 a gallon, it's hard to get customers to buy into the proposition that hybrids ant electric vehicles make which is you pay more up front for the battery, the capability, the engineering, more weight in the car, but the payoff is at $4 a gallon you start getting that money back. at $2 it takes a lot longer to get that money back and consumers understand and want capability and want to guy vehicles that, you know aren't as expensive to fill up in an area like this. so a lot of this depend on how long the gas prices last. this could last a sun stained period of time. a lot more automakers are saying they could see a bounce back quickly, that they're prepared for something nearer term. regardless, regulators and automakers will have to have a discussion about what they want, more predictable gas price or an economy rolling with the lower gas price. >> ifill: that's the dilemma. how does a company or auto buyer plan for the long term in what kind of strategy do you employ in trying to decide what kind of choices to make? >> it -- the auto buyer is saying is it time to buy an suv, and you're filling up a vehicle that costs $40 for a $20 tank. fit goes up to $4 a gallon, that doubles. it's hard to make the decision. now the buyer is saying we have about 45% mix trucks and suv's now it's about 55%. the automakers haveo to spendo far more than before. 20 years ago, they were designing cars with where gas prices were going $2-$4, most were projecting prices would go up. now the regulators are the ones determining where the automakers are innovating toward. that's why you see vehicles like the chevy bolt. it's innovated takes on tesla and most agree this is what the auto industry should be doing but the reality is it doesn't make sense in a $2 a gallon gasoline environment. >> ifill: thank you. thanks, gwen. >> ifill: the republican controlled congress is back in session. preparing to do battle with the democrat who controls the white house. but does a divided government have to be a partisan government? we listened in last week as democratic pollster peter hart gathered a focus group in aurora colorado, to talk about whether the divide in washington can be bridged. the event was sponsored by the annenberg school of public policy at the university of pennsylvania. here's a sampling of what the voters had to say. with a democratic president and a republican congress, i'm afraid there will be more of a stalemate than anything else. >> the change in the cast and characters probably won't create a dramatic change because of the infighting that we can't go across the aisle, we can't smile or touch or talk to somebody that's different. >> i think we can actually get more done. >> how many agree? i think this new congress -- congress and president may get more done, how many say i agree with rick's statement? >> i'm right in the middle of that. >> reporter: so i'm not getting a lot of people jumping up and saying there's going to be more done. >> they're politicians, they're out for their own agenda, seems like. >> from what i've seen in the last several years, i feel like we're in a do-nothing mode for the next two years because anything that the president wants to do, congress will disagree with, and vice versa. >> ifill: for a deeper look at what's causing the gridlock judy woodruff sat down recently with two former lawmakers from opposite sides of the aisle. democrat martin frost and republican tom davis are the authors of a new book: "the partisan divide." >> woodruff: former representative martin frost former representative tom davis. we thank you both for joining us. >> our pleasure. thank you. >> reporter: so much already has been said and written about what's wrong with congress, how how divided and polarized it is. what made you two think you had something to add to the debate we're hearing every day? martin frost? >> we're a disappearing breed. we're moderate democrat and republican. we thought we had something to say. >> i don't think tblib talked about why it is. we know it's dysfunctional, but don't know what the root causes, that that are external factors. there is an ideological media. these are business models where people cater to certain audiences and feed them what they want to hear, they're taken the message away from political leaders and carry the messages and the internet, too. finally, the mon yp has moved away from the parties after campaign finance. and with citizens united the money is out on the wings on the right and left and not with the party. >> because of one-party districts, people are looking over their shoulder, republicans are worried about someone running from the far right, democrats are worried they might have a challenge from the far left in the primary. so it's not they lose a primary but they change their voting pattern to prevent a primary opponent and makes it hard to compromise. >> woodruff: need to write a lot about redistricting so-called gerrymandering. i'm interested in a lot of things, one, is tom davis, you write a chapter and the parliamentary effects the nationalizing of american politics. we're used to hearing tip o'neal saying all politics is local. so what do you mean by this? >> legislative races today, it is parliamentary, people vote the party not the person. very few individuals are a con ditch wednesdayy not in their party area. how many democrats holding a district 70% or better than reagan and bush, none are over 52%. the worst part is not only are the voters acting in a parliamentary fashion, voting straight party, but when members get to congress they're acting like it's a parliamentary system which instead of being the minority party, you're the opposition party. >> you saw this in the last election, last november in that you had democrats running red states who tried to sell, they've really been good for the state, this is what they've done for the statement voters could have caredless and voted straight ticket. >> woodruff: some of the remedies you suggest would surprise people. martin frost, you said bring back earmarks, ways individual members of congress can insert something in a spending bill to benefit some project important to them. >> judy, as long as they are transparent, as long as you put your name on it and it affects your district or your state, not something in another part of the country, it makes you a player and it makes it possible then for the leadership to work with you and to help you and for you to then help them on a consensus piece of legislation. i mean i was very proud, i got an ear mark to build a mass transit system in dallas called dart. if i hadn't gotten that earmark, we wouldn't have mass transit in dallas today. i put out a press release about it and saying the business community loved it. that's what they wanted for the city. these had a lot of intrinsic value. they permitted members not to pass the buck to the administration to make the decisions, they got the make the decision, and gave the leadership opportunity to work with members on critical issues and perhaps the member would find it in his or her heart and come to the middle and vote for some kind of con sees sus relation. >>legislation. >> woodruff: one of the things you recommended is wanting to go back, basically, to donors being able to give money directly to the political parties. you're saying it was transparent before we need to go back to that. but, you know, i've talked to folks about that who say the fact that the federal office holders or seekers could go to wealthy donors and say give me lots of money, whether you're democrat or republican even if it is transparent, why doesn't that invite corruption? >> what do you think you have now? >> right now you have interest groups that put out and target members who don't vote a certain way. the only reason you had 70 members vote for aid after hurricane sandy is several groups, heritage action freedom works, basically threatened to go after members who voted that kind of aid. it's worse today than ever. parties have been a central force in american politics for 200 years. that money will go somewhere and if you don't give it to parties in a transparent action it's out on the wings in dark transactions. >> the outside group is not reportable. those groups don't report their donors. so we have the worst of all worlds now. big money is going to forces that are not controlled by political parties that have their own agenda whereas if contributions went to parties, they would be fully disclosed. >> woodruff: don't they all call for the kind of changes in the courts or the part of congress that are just not politically realistic. >> they do require congress to act, that's correct, and the question is will the public get so fed up with the current system that the public and in congress makes -- and demand congress makes changes. in this area you can't get two-thirds of the house to amend the constitution. >> the courts spoke and added more money to the parties in. the last appropriation bill that passed at the end of the year, they added more money from the parties to individuals. they recognize this has to happen. >> woodruff: "the partisan divide," congress in crisis from two former members. martin frost, tom davis. thank you. >> thank you. >> ifill: finally tonight, the government released new data today showing that the arts and culture sectors contribute more to the u.s. economy than previously thought. jeffrey brown recently sat down with the heads of the two government agencies tasked with promoting the arts and humanities. to discuss those findings and the state of the arts in 2015. >> brown: jane chu was born in oklahoma from parents who immigrated in china. when her father died it was music to help her through. >> i tinted have words to articulate the grief of a loss of a parent and certainly in my situation having man trine at home and english in school. but music for some reason gave me a way to express myself and i realize the power of it. >> khu would become a leading arts administrator heading the kaufman center for the performing arts in kansas city. seven months ago, she was confirmed as the 11th chair of the national endowment for the arts. william would eventually rise to become president of colby college in maine. six months ago adams became chairman for the national endowment for the humanities. >> the issues we face are not fundamentally scientific and technical problems. the big challenges we face as a country revolve again around our history, our culture ideals and values. >> and where there is no vision the people perish. >> brown: the two agencies and the n.e.a. helped support the "newshour's" arts coverage are turning 50 this year, they were signed into law by president lyndon johnson add a rose garden ceremony in september 1965. where he added this... >> we and america have not always been kind to the artists and the scholars who are the creators and the keepers of our vision. somehow the scientists always seem to get the penthouse, while the arts and the humanities get the basement. >> brown: 50 years later i chalked with chu and adams ant their biggest challenges today. >> there is a perception that the arts are off in a cycle o that they are elitists, that they are only used in one way, but they really are attached to all we do everything from the economy to human development, education and our ability to simply live a quality of life. so we want to make sure that people understand how effective the arts can be for them. >> brown: newtata released by the n.e.a. suggest whether or not people see or understand the arts that way, they certainly are participating in them. in 2012 for example, 120 million people, more than half the country's adults, saw a show, attended a live performance or viewed an art exhibition. together, producing nearly $700 billion in economic activity. more than 4% of the country's gross domestic product. for its part, the n.e.h. which gives grants for research, education and programs in the humanities is also trying to make a stronger case for its place in the national life. in that vein it's launched the common good initiative designed to engage scholars and the publicnon a variety of issues like the balance between liberty and security and how to better incorporate veterans back into civilian life. is it a critique of the university to say that you need to connect them better that scholars need to connect their work more to the general public? >> in a way, i think it can be or it is. i do think there are ways in which academic humanities have been too inward looking and too inwardly focused and preoccupied with very professional concerns. i understand where that's the case and sometimessist essential to certain kinds of disciplines, but i think we've lost touch with a more public understanding and practice of the humanities. i think humanists have a lot to say to the challenges like we're all facing. >> brown: for example? for example, we all live with this extraordinary explosion of technology now and we all sense that that technology is changing our lives in in very considerable ways. but we're not good yet at thinking about what the ways are and the impact they're having on our lives. one of the impact is this very important very difficult tension between liberty and security which is being prayed out in the government, in the press and in the country and the world generally every day. so there are a whole series of very public issues about which humanists have a great deal to say and we want in the n.e.h. to encourage them to talk about it. >> brown: since the culture war of the '80s and the contract battles of the '90s, these two agencies have found themselves under siege with threats to zero out their funding. $146 million each are their budgets toorksd steady for years, but below the '70s and '80s when i it adjusted for inflation. >> i understand the pressure on the federal government and sympathetic to the need to be very, very careful with our resources and to justify those resources. but the amount of money spent on our agencies is relatively small compared to the problems that we have financially and i think, to lose this final part of the investment the country's made in culture, in the cultural capital, the country would be a huge mistake. so it's making that argument in a compelling way. >> and, indeed, when we are talking about our leverage opportunities, that will alliance perfectly with what william is talking about in terms of a little goes a long way. one plus one does not equal two. when it comes to n.e.a. grants it equals seven. >> brown: in terms of the amount of money that grows from that. >> that grows from that and touches people across the nation. that is a very cost-effective way to use an agency. >> brown: do you feel the political pressure? i mean, does it in some ways constrain what you think you can do or the grants you can give out? >> as will expressed the people we've met, members of congress when we tell them about the activities and the program going on at the n.e.a., at the n.e.h., they see first hand and have been very receptive so we have been very appreciative. >> brown: holding steady but leveraging the authority they have to advance what are clearly passionately held ideals. all of that to be tested further in the coming year. >> ifill: again, the major developments of the day, hackers briefly took over the u.s. central command's twitter and youtube sites. they said they acted on behalf of islamic state militants. the pentagon said nothing classified was revealed. and french police said as many as six people linked to last week's terror attacks in paris may still be at large. at the same time, thousands of police and troops deployed to safeguard jewish schools and other sites. >> ifill: on the newshour online right now, as admissions season kicks into high gear, high school seniors are flooded with college brochures and e-mails. but while these schools aggressively recruit students they're just as likely to turn them down. it's a practice called recruit to deny, read about that process on our home page. all that and more is on our web site, pbs.org/newshour. >> ifill: and that's the newshour for tonight. i'm gwen ifill. we'll see you on-line and again here tomorrow evening, for all of us here at the pbs newshour thank you and good night. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> lincoln financial-- committed to helping you take charge of your life and become you're own chief life officer. >> and by the alfred p. sloan foundation. supporting science, technology, and improved economic performance and financial literacy in the 21st century. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions and... >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. captioning sponsored by macneil/lehrer productions captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org >> this is "bbc world news." >> funding of this presentation is made possible by the freeman foundation newman's own foundation, giving all profits from newman's own to charity and pursuing the common good, kovler foundation, and mufg. >> build a solid foundation and you can connect communities and commerce for centuries. that is the strength behind good banking relationships, too. which is why, at mufg, we believe financial part
implement the laws on behalf of women and girls. >> ifill: those are some of the stories we're covering on tonight's pbs newshour. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: ♪ ♪ ♪ moving our economy for 160 years. bnsf, the engine that connects us. >> lincoln financial-- committed to helping you take charge of your life and become you're own chief life officer. >> and the william and flora hewlett foundation, helping people build immeasurably better lives. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions and... >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. >> ifill: the u.s. central command's social media websites were hacked today. the hackers called themselves cyber-caliphate and said they acted on behalf of islamic state militants. threats posted on centcom's twitter feed included a warning that said: "american soldiers, we are coming. watch your back." other postings showed soldiers at work, and even listed names and phone numbers of military personnel. and, there were scenarios for conflict with north korea and china, but a pentagon spokesman said none of the material was classified. brian fung of "the washington post" has followed the story, and spoke with us earlier. >> looks mainly as though the attackers went to public sources of information and grabbed screen shots and other reports about u.s. military personnel, retired army officers, so on to release online to make it look as though they'd penetrated the pentagon's network. so far, there doesn't appear to be any major indication that's happened. >> ifill: the hackers also uploaded an islamic state recruiting video to centcom's youtube account with images of fighters carrying out operations. fung says the hackers may have recently attacked several news outlets as well. >> like a lot of hacker organizations, we don't know a whole lot about these guys except for the fact that they're apparently behind a couple of attacks on some local news outlets earlier this month, and in those attacks they went after some newspapers and local cbs afull yachts. other than that, however, we don't know a whole lot about the hackers behind this latest attack. >> ifill: centcom's twitter and youtube account were suspended after being compromised. but a pentagon spokesman dismissed the hack as "little more than a prank." president obama called today for new efforts to beef up the nation's cyber-security. he spoke before word emerged of the attack on central command. instead, he cited the hack of sony pictures. his proposals included tougher laws against identity theft and new protections for students' data. >> this is a direct threat to the economic security of american families and we've got to stop it. if we are going to be connected, then we need to be protected. as americans, we shouldn't have to forfeit our basic privacy when we go online to do our business. >> ifill: the president plans to include the cyber-security ideas in his state of the union address next week. french police officials now say as many as six members of a terror cell may still be on the loose. that word came today as police and troops spread out in the wake of last week's bloodshed in paris. guns at the ready and eyes on the streets. security forces kept close watch as parents dropped off children off at jewish schools in paris this morning. they were among nearly 15000 police and soldiers dispatched to beef up security across france. >> ( translated ): we are going to be very cautious, but we will open the school as usual, we are going to teach as usual, we will behave as usual, because that's the best way to resist. >> ifill: last week's terror attacks left 17 people dead including four at a kosher grocery store on friday. a muslim employee there helped save 15 others, but he says police first thought he was a terrorist, too. >> ( translated ): yes, they did. when i emerged, they told me to put my hands on my head and to lie on the ground. i panicked. there were lots of people and a lot of shouting. >> ifill: meanwhile, prime minister manual valls told bfm-tv today that the manhunt for accomplices continues. one may have helped post this video on sunday, recorded earlier by amedy coulibaly. he was the gunman at the jewish grocery, and had also killed a french policewoman. in the message, he pledged allegiance to the islamic state group. >> ( translated ): what we are doing is totally legitimate, given what they are doing. one can't attack and get nothing in return. >> ifill: coulibaly died when police stormed the grocery. but the hunt for his fugitive wife, hayat boumeddiene, came up empty. newly released security camera video showed her arriving, with a male companion, in istanbul turkey on january 2. turkey's interior minister said today there had been no reason to stop her. >> ( translated ): there was no notice from france on this person stating that she is dangerous and she should be banned from entering the country. therefore, there isn't a specific entry ban on this person. >> ifill: there was no ban on her exit either, turkish officials now say she crossed into syria last thursday, one day after 12 people were shot dead at "charlie hebdo," a satirical paris newspaper. the gunmen there, brothers said and cherif kouachi, had known her husband since 2005. they, too, died in a police shootout on friday. the week of terror brought out well over one million people in paris on sunday for a march of unity that featured a number of world leaders. the american ambassador to france, jane hartley, represented the united states. but the administration suffered withering criticism for failing to send anyone of higher rank. white house spokesman josh earnest conceded today that was a mistake. >> some have asked whether or not the unites states should have sent someone with a higher profile than the ambassador to france, and i think its fair to say that we should have sent someone with a higher profile to be there. >> ifill: secretary of state john kerry will travel to paris on friday. the white house plans a summit on how to counter violent extremism, next month. and, we'll get an update on the link between the paris attacks and yemen, after the news summary. >> ifill: secretary kerry arrived in pakistan today, pressing for more action against taliban safe havens along the afghan border. the visit came as officials reopened a school where taliban attackers killed 150 classmates and teachers last month. students return to class tomorrow. northeastern nigeria is reeling from new carnage caused by boko haram. witnesses say the islamist militants used young girls, about ten-years-old, in suicide bombings on saturday and sunday. nearly 20 people were killed. it's also been reported the militants killed as many as 2,000 people last week around baga, in borno state, after seizing a key military base. nigeria's military claim the true figure is 150 dead including militants. cuba completed its release of 53 political prisoners today, under last month's diplomatic deal with the united states. they were on a list of opposition figures jailed for urging political and social reforms. a cuban dissident leader says 17 of the 53 had already been released before president obama announced a restoration of ties with havana. investigators in indonesia finally have their hands on a black box recorder from that crashed air-asia jetliner. it was pulled from the underwater wreckage today, and taken to jakarta for examination. the other black box, the flight data recorder, remains lodged under parts of the plane. officials appealed for patience as they piece together what happened. >> ( translated ): i urge all experts not to give any theory if they do not have a valid data and please don't make people confused. we urge people to wait and be patient with our ongoing investigations. i hope all data that we collect will be good and valid so our team can analyze it faster. >> ifill: all 162 people on board were killed in the december crash. but so far, only 48 bodies have been recovered. back in this country, new york city's new inspector general accused police of using banned chokeholds sometimes as a first response. he also said the department has failed to punish the practice. the report follows a grand jury's decision not to indict an officer in the chokehold death of staten island resident eric gardner last summer. two policemen in albuquerque, new mexico, were charged with murder today, in the death of a homeless man last march. the victim had a history of mental illness, but video from a police camera appeared to show he was trying to surrender, when the officers fired. >> we think that there's evidence that gives us the legal standard probable cause. we've always said that if we can meet that standard, we will go forward. and we believe that we can meet that standard and we are going forward. >> ifill: after the killings the u.s. justice department issued a sharply critical report on the police department's use of force. supporters of the keystone pipeline project move to advance it in the senate. they want a procedural vote to clear the way to complete the pipe like. the bill passed the house but the white house warned of veet o. in health news today, a review for the world health organization finds online medical training is just as effective as traditional training. it says so-called e-learning could give the world millions more doctors and nurses especially in poor nations where the need is greatest. and another new study finds head start programs can help fight obesity. university of michigan researchers found obese and overweight children were more likely to lose weight in the program, which focuses in part on healthy eating and physical activity. the findings appear in the journal "pediatrics." wall street started the week by giving ground as falling oil prices pulled stocks lower. the dow jones industrial average lost 96 points to close at 17,640; the nasdaq fell 39 points to close at 4,664; and the s&p 500 slipped 16 to finish at 2,028. >> ifill: still to come on the newshour. where westernized jihadists go to train. rising anti-semitism in france prompts more jews to leave for israel. holding india's police forces accountable in the fight against human trafficking. how the price at the pump affects american car buying. a bipartisan plan to un-stick capitol hill gridlock. plus, how the arts and humanities are good for the economy. >> ifill: the discovery that one of the brothers involved in the paris attacks received al qaeda training in yemen, put that terrorist group-- and yemen-- back in the spotlight. joining me for more on the threats from both, and the u.s. strategy to try to contain them, is chief foreign affairs correspondent margaret warner. so, margaret, do these attacks in paris change the assessment here of what the risks are? >>are? i don't think it changes the assessment because u.s. intelligence officials have been saying they thought the real danger was not so much returning foreign fighters but at least even lone wolves are those inspired to attack. so one u.s. official told me he was really not surprised by what happened in paris. as you know, the chief spokesman for islamic state, back in september, called on followers in all these western countries to attack their own targets at home. you saw some attacking canada, you saw attempted attacks and hostage taking in australia. so from the u.s. perspective, the u.s. views it as a pretty good bead on the very few from u.s. have gone to iraq and syria. even though these two brothers were on the no-fly list they're worried there are plenty of others out there who are inspired, who can get into the united states without a visa to come from western europe. >> ifill: what is it about yemen? you were there in 2010, reporting for us. at the time, there was some question about whether it was a hot bed for jihaddism, and i'm wondering whether it is again. >> yes. -- yes and yes. i went to try to figure out why it is considered a hot bed. senior officials say yemen is the greatest threat to american security out there. i was stunned because that was not the thinking in early 2010. the reasons are both his historic and today. historically, yemenis have punched above their weight. then when what you had was the formation within yemen of sawed yand yemeni branches combine to create the al quaida-arabian peninsula. the saudis are very tough on people like that. the yemenis do not control most of their own territory, so you have a permissive environment because you have vast, ungoverned spaces, then you have enter the phenomenon of al-awlaki, this very effective american-born preacher who found haven there, the yemenys always give haven. then returning guantanamo detainees who were saudi who would not have been allowed to exist in saudi arabia but came to yemen, and a very ineffective government that the u.s. was trying to help. >> ifill: i wonder about the distinction anymore. al quaida on the arabian peninsula is different in theory from the islamic state group. >> yes. >> ifill: we heard one suspect say he was representing al quaida and the other said he was representing i.s. is that a distinction without difference anymore? >> one intelligence official said he thinks it's 50% crab regulation and 50% competition. no doubt they're competing in sir. i can't al quaida happens to be fighting with western-baghdad rebels with president assad. they share the same airnlings anti-western and anti-local governments who are, they consider, too western or too alhide with the west. so in that sense, the concern of intelligence officials is there's been too much made of the separation and even in the inner circles of the intelligence community, you start with groups and you keep analyzing the groups and stove pipes and you miss the connections. >> ifill: final question for you. there has been much to do about whether the president should have gone to the big march in paris over the weekend and today the white house acknowledged maybe someone more high-ranking if not the president should have gone. is this of concern in europe? >> talking to the senior official in europe and others, they don't want to criticize the president, and the cooperation the u.s. is giving is huge, so operationally, no complaint. but you can always count on the tabloids in britain and the daily mail saying obama snubs paris rally. >> ifill: tabloids here as well. margaret warner, thank you. >> ifill: as we reported earlier thousands of french police were dispatched today to secure jewish sites throughout france. friday's attack on the kosher grocery came as a shock to many around the world. many french jews were less surprised. anti-semitic attacks, often violent, in the country were on the rise in 2014. the number of jews fleeing france to make a new home in israel more than doubled last year growing from 3,400 in 2013 to 7,000. "the atlantic's" jeffrey goldberg was in paris last week before the attacks happened reporting on the growing threats to the country's jewish community. jeffery, welcome. >> brown: thank you. >> ifill: are these specific new threats or something that's just been continuing? >> brown: the french-jewish community has been living a certain reality for quite a long time, already. two years ago there was an horrific attack on a jewish school in toulouse three children murdered by a returning jihadist. this is in the category of shocking but not surprising. the rest of france is sort of coming on board to the realization of what's going on. >> ifill: these attacks last week in paris put it into a new light. >> brown: definitely and definitely increased the urgency. i think it was the amplification effect of having the horrific charlie hebdo attack and then realizing another type of first-tier target for these guys would be any kind of soft jewish site. a supermarket is very seas to attack. one of the reasons a supermarket like that was attacked was synagogues and schools are already protected. that's why the steps to put soldiers in front of jewish schools was so dramatic because it's a recognition that even with all the police have been doing, they haven't been doing enough. >> ifill: cheers extremists trying to make a point but does it extend to the larger community as well? >> brown: to the larger non-jewish community? >> ifill: yes. >> brown: i just got back and i think everyone now feels that the country is under siege in in a way. i don't want to overstate it but there is a siege feeling. you see it on the street, on the metro, the trains that they're behind the 8 ball a little bit, that these guys especially people who have been radicalized in syria, yemen and elsewhere are traveling back and forth and i think there's also this overwhelming realization in france last week that it takes one or two or three people to completely turn upside down a country and that's what everybody is scared about. >> ifill: the difference between people in general who are scared everybody being scared, and the jewish community in particular, is that some of them are getting on planes and flying to israel. >> brown: right. the jewish community is targeted in a more intensive way also has a way out. eth not only israel people are going to. canada, some are coming to the u.s. it's not an exodus yet to borrow from an older jewish story, it's not an exodus jet and what the french government is worried about is it will become an exodus. i talked to the french president manuel valls who is very strenuous on this point. he said if 100,000 jews were to flee france, fraps would stop being france. one to have the core ideas was the emancipation of the jews in the time of the french revolution. if the jews no longer feel it's safe then the whole idea of the republic kind of collapses on itself. one other point that the french prime minister and other french officials are making are things that start with the jews never end with the jews. in other words it's that old form l.a. first they came for the jews and i wasn't a jew so i didn't say anything. but in this case they came for the cartoonists in the middle of the week and by the end of the week they're coming back for the jews. there is a feel that if this isn't nipped in the bud churches, schools, shopping malls might be targeted. >> ifill: is the prime minister speaking generally for the entire french government because, as you know, there have been far right parties who they believe have exacerbated this attitude and problem and i wonder whether he is speaking for everybody? >> brown: well, he's speaking for the president, i think, number two, and the president is number one. he's speaking for the security infrastructure. there's a fascinating and troubling thing going on. traditionally, before the new wave antisemitism was mainly located in france in the extreme right. now the extreme right has turned more anti-muslim than anti-jewish, so it's trying to appeal to jews in saying we're the only ones who can stand up for your rights. >> ifill: that's turned upside down. >> brown: yeah, and most to have the jewish leadership still understands that, you know they might not like muslims but i but they also don't like jews. so you have a situation in which muslim terrorist are as tacking jewish targets. muslims in france feel oppressed, the right wing doesn't like anybody. it's a difficult situation. >> ifill: the friction, did it ramp up this summer after the disputes in the gaza strip israeli-palestinian? >> brown: whenever that subject is in the news it intensifies actions on the ground across europe. obviously, when people are yelling hamas, hamas to the jews, they have deeper pathologies at work. there is obviously legitimate criticism of israel and the french government for policies in the middle east and that's one basket of issues. what we saw in the summer with attacks on synagogues, i had been in a lot of the towns are things take place, really horrifying attacks of people yelling death to the jews and attacking people physically that is, joked say, sparked by a certain understanding of the middle east. it's no excuse, of course, but quickly spins out of control. >> ifill: is there any government efforts underway to curb this? >> brown: the french government says they're working hard on counterradicallization and on the security front in tracking people coming back from the syrian front, working on counterradicallization in prisons, on education but i didn't meet anyone who felt like the situation was under control. >> ifill: jeffrey brown, thank you very much. >> brown: thank you. >> ifill: now to india, and a crusade to end child sex trafficking. special correspondent fred de sam lazaro traveled there recently to take a closer look at the issue, and the often unsuccessful efforts to combat the practice. tonight, we have the first of his two reports. they are part of our agents for change series. (sound of children playing) >> reporter: there was an unusualemonstration in this town on the boarder of india, nepal. that's because most women with backgrounds of prostitution are rarely seen in public. they talk about social evils in the social ladder at which they're at the very boddum. >> wherever we go, we're all low-classed. prostitution is passed from mother to daughter and father to son. >> reporter: she is a former journalist who started a group called "on our own" which organized the lal raleigh. the group rescued many women taught them crachts and put their daughters in school. they're also part of a protest movement that followed the fatal gang rape of a delhi college student two years ago, a campaign that got lawmakers to act against what many called a culture of rape and mo. rape. the law recognizes the women as victim. >> the consent of a victim to her own exploitation will still put the blame on the perpetrator who used her consent to traffic her. >> reporter: flyers were distributed to inform people to have the new laws and the victory by n a recent court case. the court ordered citizen committees be set up in every community in this region. the committees would gather cayta on every child up to 18 years old in the communities and essentially keep tabs on the welfare of the children to ensure no child is trafficked when i worked here eight years ago, women could not look up. they had to cover their head and were terrified of the traffickers beating them up. now the whole system is changed and traffic eradicated. >> reporter: laws are only as good as enforcement as we would see hours after the rally. a couple of staffers came to this police station inside india along the nepal border. they learned at least two young women have been trafficked and making final arrangements with the police to conduct a raid to rescue them tonight. the team met up at 6:00 p.m. they hadn't told police where they were going beforehand for fear traffickers would be tipped off. once they shared the information, they were asked to wait because the female officers who were to accompanied them had been delayed. when the women still hadn't arrived two hours later the raid proceeded anyway, hours after the planned start. three women and six policemen. >> this is where the customers are brought in. >> reporter: a few minutes later they were in the local red-light area and in a three-rove hubble where they expected one young woman was being held. it was dank, dark and deserted. what's going on? >> i think the girl has been kept at the police station for two hours. we suspect they send information to the traffickers here because there's not a man in sight, which is very unusual in the red light area. where are the customers? it's very very odd. >> reporter: signing thing next door. a deserted home, evidence this too was a brothel whose occupants left in a hurry. >> there's evidence someone just ran. the blanket still on the bed. >> reporter: further in the courtyard, a door padlocked on the outside of another home used as a brothel. the police were armed with big rifleles but had no means to break the lock open. the task fell finally to a man said to be related to the building owner. the occupants are suspected to have fled over the wall in the back when they heard the group arrive in the front and she mildly admonished the policemen. >> coming forward when you do such raids, you should think about circling a home like this so people don't have the opportunity to run away. and you folks are not gathering any evidence. could you please take some of this? let me show you. >> reporter: an officer duly followed but did not record anything. with the lock finally broken, they found a framed picture of one of the young women they were looking for. the man who let them in initially denied knowing her but then relented and said he knew where she was being held. the police ordered him to produce her in one hour at the police station. so he's gone off to bring the girl, ostensibly. do you think you will see her this evening? >> if the cops want you will see her. >> reporter: at the station i asked the obvious question. the suspicion immediately is somebody maybe from your own police force has tipped them off. he was more comfortable in hindi,less comfortable with the question. said he didn't have information but promised to investigate. the young woman never showed up at the station but the female police officers finally tid, too late to have any effective role in the attempted rescue. there were no police vehicles available to get here from their base at another station, they complained. >> i wondered why because it was never implemented. this is back to ground zero. the police, come what may, do not want toimple meant laws on behalf of women and girls. >> reporter: she said part of the job of activist is to jade educate an ill-informed police force on the laws and hold them accountable. in its years the group has helped 20,000 young women and girls leave or not enter sex trade. fred de sam lazaro in india for the pbs "newshour". >> ifill: on tomorrow night's report, fred goes on another rescue raid with a very different outcome. his reporting is a partnership with the under-told stories project at st. mary's university of minnesota. >> ifill: one year ago, when automakers held their big auto show in detroit, a gallon of gas went for an average of three dollars and 31 cents. now, as the auto show gets underway again, it's dropped by a third, all the way down to two dollars and 13 cents a gallon. and that presents some intriguing challenges this year. on one hand, manufacturers like g.m. are creating more fuel efficient cars, like the bolt, a new electric-powered concept car which is designed to get 200 miles from a single charge. but on the other end of the spectrum, big new suv's and sedans are rolling off production lines for buyers now less worried about gas prices. john stoll is the global auto editor for "the wall street journal" and he joins me from detroit. after all the bright shining things at the auto show john, what are the trends you're seeing? >> the trend is definitely back toward big trucks and suv's in terms of the conversation now we're having about the immediate environment. the economy is doing well, gas prices down to $2 a gallon or less, and there is a lot of what a lot of automakers think is a natural progression toward the suv and truck body style in most of america so they're catering to that. at the same time you have this tension. while dealers want more and more trucks and suv's, regulators one more things like the chevy bolt or tesla, vehicles that can run on battery or electricity and get better fuel economy. so that tension is di de fining the auto show more than anything at this point. >> ifill: are the things most exciting the great big luxury suvs or the new little cars you can plug in or a little bit of both? >> i think somewhere in between. on the show floor you have some super cars, the first cars that are taken out of the product lineup when things are bad. an example, gored has the g.t. or they're calling it the phoenix is back, a super car made from carbon fiber. a 3.5 3.5-liter turbo engine, built for gas miles which is a new conversation in that vehicle but shows exactly where the automakers are going. even in the high-end, super luxury super performance, they know fuel economy is important. the regulators are going to start asking them in two years and then another decade down the road where are you at with the mandates put in place and even super cars and trucks have to get more fuel efficient. >> ifill: so the mandates stay in place even though grass prices might bounce back. >> yeah, i think the review the government will have with the auto industry in 2017 will be more important. at $2 a gallon, it's hard to get customers to buy into the proposition that hybrids ant electric vehicles make which is you pay more up front for the battery, the capability, the engineering, more weight in the car, but the payoff is at $4 a gallon you start getting that money back. at $2 it takes a lot longer to get that money back and consumers understand and want capability and want to guy vehicles that, you know aren't as expensive to fill up in an area like this. so a lot of this depend on how long the gas prices last. this could last a sun stained period of time. a lot more automakers are saying they could see a bounce back quickly, that they're prepared for something nearer term. regardless, regulators and automakers will have to have a discussion about what they want, more predictable gas price or an economy rolling with the lower gas price. >> ifill: that's the dilemma. how does a company or auto buyer plan for the long term in what kind of strategy do you employ in trying to decide what kind of choices to make? >> it -- the auto buyer is saying is it time to buy an suv, and you're filling up a vehicle that costs $40 for a $20 tank. fit goes up to $4 a gallon, that doubles. it's hard to make the decision. now the buyer is saying we have about 45% mix trucks and suv's now it's about 55%. the automakers haveo to spendo far more than before. 20 years ago, they were designing cars with where gas prices were going $2-$4, most were projecting prices would go up. now the regulators are the ones determining where the automakers are innovating toward. that's why you see vehicles like the chevy bolt. it's innovated takes on tesla and most agree this is what the auto industry should be doing but the reality is it doesn't make sense in a $2 a gallon gasoline environment. >> ifill: thank you. thanks, gwen. >> ifill: the republican controlled congress is back in session. preparing to do battle with the democrat who controls the white house. but does a divided government have to be a partisan government? we listened in last week as democratic pollster peter hart gathered a focus group in aurora colorado, to talk about whether the divide in washington can be bridged. the event was sponsored by the annenberg school of public policy at the university of pennsylvania. here's a sampling of what the voters had to say. with a democratic president and a republican congress, i'm afraid there will be more of a stalemate than anything else. >> the change in the cast and characters probably won't create a dramatic change because of the infighting that we can't go across the aisle, we can't smile or touch or talk to somebody that's different. >> i think we can actually get more done. >> how many agree? i think this new congress -- congress and president may get more done, how many say i agree with rick's statement? >> i'm right in the middle of that. >> reporter: so i'm not getting a lot of people jumping up and saying there's going to be more done. >> they're politicians, they're out for their own agenda, seems like. >> from what i've seen in the last several years, i feel like we're in a do-nothing mode for the next two years because anything that the president wants to do, congress will disagree with, and vice versa. >> ifill: for a deeper look at what's causing the gridlock judy woodruff sat down recently with two former lawmakers from opposite sides of the aisle. democrat martin frost and republican tom davis are the authors of a new book: "the partisan divide." >> woodruff: former representative martin frost former representative tom davis. we thank you both for joining us. >> our pleasure. thank you. >> reporter: so much already has been said and written about what's wrong with congress, how how divided and polarized it is. what made you two think you had something to add to the debate we're hearing every day? martin frost? >> we're a disappearing breed. we're moderate democrat and republican. we thought we had something to say. >> i don't think tblib talked about why it is. we know it's dysfunctional, but don't know what the root causes, that that are external factors. there is an ideological media. these are business models where people cater to certain audiences and feed them what they want to hear, they're taken the message away from political leaders and carry the messages and the internet, too. finally, the mon yp has moved away from the parties after campaign finance. and with citizens united the money is out on the wings on the right and left and not with the party. >> because of one-party districts, people are looking over their shoulder, republicans are worried about someone running from the far right, democrats are worried they might have a challenge from the far left in the primary. so it's not they lose a primary but they change their voting pattern to prevent a primary opponent and makes it hard to compromise. >> woodruff: need to write a lot about redistricting so-called gerrymandering. i'm interested in a lot of things, one, is tom davis, you write a chapter and the parliamentary effects the nationalizing of american politics. we're used to hearing tip o'neal saying all politics is local. so what do you mean by this? >> legislative races today, it is parliamentary, people vote the party not the person. very few individuals are a con ditch wednesdayy not in their party area. how many democrats holding a district 70% or better than reagan and bush, none are over 52%. the worst part is not only are the voters acting in a parliamentary fashion, voting straight party, but when members get to congress they're acting like it's a parliamentary system which instead of being the minority party, you're the opposition party. >> you saw this in the last election, last november in that you had democrats running red states who tried to sell, they've really been good for the state, this is what they've done for the statement voters could have caredless and voted straight ticket. >> woodruff: some of the remedies you suggest would surprise people. martin frost, you said bring back earmarks, ways individual members of congress can insert something in a spending bill to benefit some project important to them. >> judy, as long as they are transparent, as long as you put your name on it and it affects your district or your state, not something in another part of the country, it makes you a player and it makes it possible then for the leadership to work with you and to help you and for you to then help them on a consensus piece of legislation. i mean i was very proud, i got an ear mark to build a mass transit system in dallas called dart. if i hadn't gotten that earmark, we wouldn't have mass transit in dallas today. i put out a press release about it and saying the business community loved it. that's what they wanted for the city. these had a lot of intrinsic value. they permitted members not to pass the buck to the administration to make the decisions, they got the make the decision, and gave the leadership opportunity to work with members on critical issues and perhaps the member would find it in his or her heart and come to the middle and vote for some kind of con sees sus relation. >>legislation. >> woodruff: one of the things you recommended is wanting to go back, basically, to donors being able to give money directly to the political parties. you're saying it was transparent before we need to go back to that. but, you know, i've talked to folks about that who say the fact that the federal office holders or seekers could go to wealthy donors and say give me lots of money, whether you're democrat or republican even if it is transparent, why doesn't that invite corruption? >> what do you think you have now? >> right now you have interest groups that put out and target members who don't vote a certain way. the only reason you had 70 members vote for aid after hurricane sandy is several groups, heritage action freedom works, basically threatened to go after members who voted that kind of aid. it's worse today than ever. parties have been a central force in american politics for 200 years. that money will go somewhere and if you don't give it to parties in a transparent action it's out on the wings in dark transactions. >> the outside group is not reportable. those groups don't report their donors. so we have the worst of all worlds now. big money is going to forces that are not controlled by political parties that have their own agenda whereas if contributions went to parties, they would be fully disclosed. >> woodruff: don't they all call for the kind of changes in the courts or the part of congress that are just not politically realistic. >> they do require congress to act, that's correct, and the question is will the public get so fed up with the current system that the public and in congress makes -- and demand congress makes changes. in this area you can't get two-thirds of the house to amend the constitution. >> the courts spoke and added more money to the parties in. the last appropriation bill that passed at the end of the year, they added more money from the parties to individuals. they recognize this has to happen. >> woodruff: "the partisan divide," congress in crisis from two former members. martin frost, tom davis. thank you. >> thank you. >> ifill: finally tonight, the government released new data today showing that the arts and culture sectors contribute more to the u.s. economy than previously thought. jeffrey brown recently sat down with the heads of the two government agencies tasked with promoting the arts and humanities. to discuss those findings and the state of the arts in 2015. >> brown: jane chu was born in oklahoma from parents who immigrated in china. when her father died it was music to help her through. >> i tinted have words to articulate the grief of a loss of a parent and certainly in my situation having man trine at home and english in school. but music for some reason gave me a way to express myself and i realize the power of it. >> khu would become a leading arts administrator heading the kaufman center for the performing arts in kansas city. seven months ago, she was confirmed as the 11th chair of the national endowment for the arts. william would eventually rise to become president of colby college in maine. six months ago adams became chairman for the national endowment for the humanities. >> the issues we face are not fundamentally scientific and technical problems. the big challenges we face as a country revolve again around our history, our culture ideals and values. >> and where there is no vision the people perish. >> brown: the two agencies and the n.e.a. helped support the "newshour's" arts coverage are turning 50 this year, they were signed into law by president lyndon johnson add a rose garden ceremony in september 1965. where he added this... >> we and america have not always been kind to the artists and the scholars who are the creators and the keepers of our vision. somehow the scientists always seem to get the penthouse, while the arts and the humanities get the basement. >> brown: 50 years later i chalked with chu and adams ant their biggest challenges today. >> there is a perception that the arts are off in a cycle o that they are elitists, that they are only used in one way, but they really are attached to all we do everything from the economy to human development, education and our ability to simply live a quality of life. so we want to make sure that people understand how effective the arts can be for them. >> brown: newtata released by the n.e.a. suggest whether or not people see or understand the arts that way, they certainly are participating in them. in 2012 for example, 120 million people, more than half the country's adults, saw a show, attended a live performance or viewed an art exhibition. together, producing nearly $700 billion in economic activity. more than 4% of the country's gross domestic product. for its part, the n.e.h. which gives grants for research, education and programs in the humanities is also trying to make a stronger case for its place in the national life. in that vein it's launched the common good initiative designed to engage scholars and the publicnon a variety of issues like the balance between liberty and security and how to better incorporate veterans back into civilian life. is it a critique of the university to say that you need to connect them better that scholars need to connect their work more to the general public? >> in a way, i think it can be or it is. i do think there are ways in which academic humanities have been too inward looking and too inwardly focused and preoccupied with very professional concerns. i understand where that's the case and sometimessist essential to certain kinds of disciplines, but i think we've lost touch with a more public understanding and practice of the humanities. i think humanists have a lot to say to the challenges like we're all facing. >> brown: for example? for example, we all live with this extraordinary explosion of technology now and we all sense that that technology is changing our lives in in very considerable ways. but we're not good yet at thinking about what the ways are and the impact they're having on our lives. one of the impact is this very important very difficult tension between liberty and security which is being prayed out in the government, in the press and in the country and the world generally every day. so there are a whole series of very public issues about which humanists have a great deal to say and we want in the n.e.h. to encourage them to talk about it. >> brown: since the culture war of the '80s and the contract battles of the '90s, these two agencies have found themselves under siege with threats to zero out their funding. $146 million each are their budgets toorksd steady for years, but below the '70s and '80s when i it adjusted for inflation. >> i understand the pressure on the federal government and sympathetic to the need to be very, very careful with our resources and to justify those resources. but the amount of money spent on our agencies is relatively small compared to the problems that we have financially and i think, to lose this final part of the investment the country's made in culture, in the cultural capital, the country would be a huge mistake. so it's making that argument in a compelling way. >> and, indeed, when we are talking about our leverage opportunities, that will alliance perfectly with what william is talking about in terms of a little goes a long way. one plus one does not equal two. when it comes to n.e.a. grants it equals seven. >> brown: in terms of the amount of money that grows from that. >> that grows from that and touches people across the nation. that is a very cost-effective way to use an agency. >> brown: do you feel the political pressure? i mean, does it in some ways constrain what you think you can do or the grants you can give out? >> as will expressed the people we've met, members of congress when we tell them about the activities and the program going on at the n.e.a., at the n.e.h., they see first hand and have been very receptive so we have been very appreciative. >> brown: holding steady but leveraging the authority they have to advance what are clearly passionately held ideals. all of that to be tested further in the coming year. >> ifill: again, the major developments of the day, hackers briefly took over the u.s. central command's twitter and youtube sites. they said they acted on behalf of islamic state militants. the pentagon said nothing classified was revealed. and french police said as many as six people linked to last week's terror attacks in paris may still be at large. at the same time, thousands of police and troops deployed to safeguard jewish schools and other sites. >> ifill: on the newshour online right now, as admissions season kicks into high gear, high school seniors are flooded with college brochures and e-mails. but while these schools aggressively recruit students they're just as likely to turn them down. it's a practice called recruit to deny, read about that process on our home page. all that and more is on our web site, pbs.org/newshour. >> ifill: and that's the newshour for tonight. i'm gwen ifill. we'll see you on-line and again here tomorrow evening, for all of us here at the pbs newshour thank you and good night. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> lincoln financial-- committed to helping you take charge of your life and become you're own chief life officer. >> and by the alfred p. sloan foundation. supporting science, technology, and improved economic performance and financial literacy in the 21st century. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions and... >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. captioning sponsored by macneil/lehrer productions captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org this is "nightly business report" with tyler mathisen and sue herera. >> great plunge. oil prices drop to a near six-year low following a few days of relative stability. but how low is too low when it comes to crumbling crude. >> double whammy. earning season is here and with oil prices tumbling and the dollar soaring, will companies have a new excuse for soft results. alcoa beat earnings estimates today. the former down member has seen its stocks double since tossed out of the blue chip index. this is monday, january 12th. good evening, everyone. i'm su herera. if rainy deuce and mondays always get you down you're not alone
french and flemish addressing, congratulating law enforcement for the operations they carried out as well as thanking french authorities for shared information concerning all of the suspects that have been detained. we are going to join our brussels correspondent in a moment. first, we are going to cross in paris to city hall where u.s. secretary of state john kerry is addressing people there. it looks as if this is a moment of silence being held at city hall in the center of paris. [moment of silence] >> [speaking french] >> [introductions in french] >> representatives of the civil authorities, police, ladies and gentlemen, parisiens, i am particularly moved to welcome today with you here today in this historic building the city hall, the secretary of state of the united states, john kerry, a friend who has come with a message of affection, support, solidarity. i am very grateful to him. i wanted this short meeting to reflect paris, to reflect what we are. i want to men and women who are working every day who have responsibilities in the voluntary sector, political responsibilities, who look after our children in our school day living in line with our values. i would like to thank and pay tribute to all of the families of the victims of these assassinations, of these terrorist acts, which shook us, have shaken our city and country, and the world as a whole. i would also like to pay tribute to the heroes among them, the police, law enforcement organizations, which attacked and have carried out these difficult operations with great skill. i would also like to pay tribute to the heroes, notably the young fellow citizen he will soon be given french nationality. a citizen from mali who made it possible to save the lives of many people who were in the kosher supermarket. he and the manager is here today. this young person saved a lot of lives. we have experienced a very difficult period with drama, tragedy. the people of france have risen to the occasion to say no to barbarity, no to the objectives of the terrorists as described by them. the terrorists wanted to attack freedom of expression, freedom of speech, by attacking "charlie hebdo." freedom of expression, speech, and secularism which is one of the factors which allows this freedom of speech. some of us this morning accompanied the family and friends of charles. funerals are currently taking place. freedom of expression, secularism, but also the terrorists also wanted to attack the authority of the republic attacking police officers. the terrorists also wanted to attack a fundamental element of our history, the presence of jews in france and in paris, by attacking this kosher supermarket. we rebelled against this, and we said we don't accept and will never accept these values of the republic to be attacked. in paris these values are particularly important because paris is the city where many of these values were designed developed, and it is where the declaration of the rights of man was published. many members of the jewish community settled in paris in the 18th century because they were fleeing from progress -- pogroms in other parts of europe. paris was recognized as the city where the jewish community could hold its meetings and house its institutions so this city has a special history with the values of republic. we are not the only guarantor's of these values, but we want to defend them. in the city hall of paris, the secretary of state, the city hall of paris has witnessed many great historic events. the commune of paris industry city hall, dramatic events. revolutionaries also were fighting for secularism and equality between men and women and equality among all our fellow citizens. i wanted to remind you all of this because this is what unites us. this is what brings us together, even though we may each have different views. the beauty of democracy is to accept controversy. this city, as you have come to visit us here this morning and you pay tribute to the victims by visiting the places where these attacks to raise -- took place. i wish to say the city is a friend of the united states of america. as soon as the world heard these terrorist attacks have occurred, i received a telephone call from bill de blasio, the mayor of new york. he immediately called me to express his solidarity, his affection, and the fact he supported us and that he showed his friendship and compassion. i have also received many messages from the mayors of other american cities. between our cities, there is a great history of friendship. today we are part of a network of french speaking american cities. they are part of the international organization i preside over. i chair and organization of french-speaking mayors. in lafayette in the u.s. next year, we will be holding a meeting of french-speaking cities. this is very significant. i would like to conclude this speech by saying that our friendship goes back a long way. it goes back to lafayette. recently, we have had the honor of holding ceremonies, memorial ceremonies, which were very moving, moved a lot of us. i am referring to the commemoration of the liberation of france. in this liberation and commemoration there was something of fundamental importance the liberation of paris in 1944 which was the result of a precedent -- parisienne insurrection by the internal resistance which witnessed support of our allied forces and notably the americans. i wanted to remind you of this. these are historical events which we have not forgotten. although we are here today because of our friendship, it is because of the history which we have been developing step i set -- by step its humanist story. thank you, john kerry, visiting us -- for visiting us. it is an immense honor to welcome you here, as the mayor of paris, as the mayor of all parisiens. [applause] >> [introduction of john kerry in french] >> letter mayor -- madam mayor thank you for that generous welcome. thank you for reminding us of the extraordinary history that does tie us together. what an honor for me to be here in this historic building, which the mayor just talked about and shared some of the history. a moment ago in her office, she showed me a photograph of the resistance members sitting in her office in august of 1944. a reminder of the close historic inescapable relationship between our countries. i appreciate your generous comments about all of our mayors . i know you have a warm relationship with them. not only am i and an historic building but i am with an historic mayor because she is the first woman to serve in this office. that is no small thing. it is a privilege for me to be here with you. i am particularly honored to be with members of the law enforcement community those who were so directly engaged and affected by the events. you honor us. you honor me and my country by being here today. we thank you so much for that. on the day of the living nightmare that began at "charlie hebdo," i had a chance to share a few thoughts with you from back home in washington. today, i wanted to come here and share a hug with all of paris and all of france. i wanted to express to you personally the sheer horror and repulsion -- revulsion all americans felt for the cowardly and despicable act, the assault on innocent lives and on fundamental values. i want to thank resident blond -- president hollande and of course the mayor not only for their always generous welcome but for the grit and grace they have shown at this moment of testing for france. i also want to thank our embassy personnel, our ambassador, for their hard work and support to the french people this past week. i particularly welcome these young kids who have come here to share a vision of the future. thank you. [speaking french] >> after this nightmare which began in the offices of "charlie hebdo," i shared with you some thoughts when i was still at home in washington. today, i wanted to be here with you in order to share with paris and the whole of france our deep feelings. i wanted to tell you personally the horror and revolt in -- repulsion -- repulsion -- re vulsio felt by all americansn faced by these cowardly and terrible attacks against innocent victims and the fundamental values. i wish not only to thank president francois hollande, my friend the mayor, and the mayor of paris for the welcome, their always warm welcome but also i would like to congratulate the courage they have shown during this terrible ordeal which france has experienced. i would also like to pay tribute to the team of the u.s. embassy in paris, our ambassador, jane hartley, and the support she has given to the french people during these events. i represent a nation which is very proud of the fact that france is its oldest ally. in the same way as lafayette crossed the atlantic ocean to support america, and in the same way general pershing and his men came to france a century ago shouting the same slogans as lafayette, "lafayette, here we are, back again." as we have to rise to the terrible challenges together, the united states and france will always be side-by-side and will persevere side-by-side will win, will vanquish over the days that have passed since january 5. some people say it was one of the most painful hours experienced by france. but we must not forget the history of the country and people who over the decades over the centuries, have become, as another american who loved france and new france very well, he knew the price of conflict. the french became stronger, have become stronger. my mother is the source of my special affection for france and the source of my knowledge of its history. she participated in the historical events of world war ii. an american lady born in paris she became a nurse and she cared for the wounded. on the eve of the occupation of paris by the nazis, she fled with her sister on a bicycle. they cycled across france. they fled under the bullets of the occupiers. they ended up in portugal where they managed to get onto a ship which took them to the united states. one of the most vivid memories i have of my youth was that of my first visit to france with my pants. it was the first time my mother returned to france since she had fled from france during world war ii. i remember the noise. we saw the ruins of paris that had been bombed and the home in which she lived which was destroyed. only a stone staircase with a few chimneys stood. it was only years later i fully understood the incredible price paid by the generations in the resistance, the price they paid for freedom. the soldiers left the factories to save the world from tyranny. no nation knows better than france that freedom has a price because france was at -- originated many revolutions, including our own american revolution. our commitment in favor of freedom of speech, of expression as an inspiration for the world as a whole. words are often powerless to describe the deep emotions i felt when i saw so many people from all over, from near and far, to parade, too much together -- to march together. those who wanted to divide us, ended up bringing us closer together. what the extremists. the most was precisely that. -- feared was precisely that. nobody must get this wrong. the extremists and terrorists don't understand, what they cannot understand, is that decency and courage will never give way to intimidation and terror. never. this reminds us of something else the fact that in the deepest, darkest moments we can bring light. for a long time, fathers will be able to say to their children and grandchildren that during these nine last days following the infamous events of the seventh of january ordinary men and women suddenly became heroes. i am sure he will talk to them -- you will talk to them about the muslim from mali who risked his life to save jewish customers in the kosher supermarket. when he heard the attacker entering the supermarket he did not think of his own security, his safety. he helped over a dozen customers to take refuge in the reserve of the supermarket. he warned the police. he alerted the police. his actions saved lives. when we asked him why he did that he simply answered, "we are brothers,. it is not a question of being jewish, christian, or muslim, we are all in the same boat and we must get out of this crisis." we must come out of this crisis together. i am sure you will talk about the pillar of his community dedicated to his family and passionately interested in his job as a policeman. he went to the offices of "charlie hebdo" and was face-to-face with the terrorists before being shot down savagely by them and gratuitously. when his brother pay tribute to him, he said my brother was a muslim but he was shot down, he was killed by two false muslims. they are terrorists and nothing else. i am sure he will talk also about the young man -- you will talk also about the young men who had a great feature to try to neutralize a brutal terrorist and lost his life because of this courageous act. we will never forget these heroes. we will never forget the victims of this tragedy. the world is facing cowardly assassins hiding behind weapons of war. that is the difference between ignorance and knowledge, between lies and truth between cruelty and generosity, between death and life. >> i know even as we speak, there are passionate debates over complex issues this tragedy has raised. but what should be beyond debate beyond the scope of politics or religion, satire, or culture, is the common aspiration to create a world rich in love and short on hate. so today i join with you in honoring those no longer with us and share with their loved ones the sadness of a loss -- of their loss but the pride in their lives. we will not descend into despair. we will turn this moment of profound loss into lasting commitment. we accept with humility the responsibility that falls to each of us to defend the values our societies cherish and extremists fear the most. tolerance, freedom truth. in the end, our engagement, all of us in the struggle, is not a choice. it is a mandate. [speaking french] >> at this very moment when i am speaking to you debates are taking place on complex issues raised by this tragedy. but what should transcend this debate beyond political issues and religious issues or satire is our aspiration, our joint aspiration, to create a world based on love and not hate. today in the city hall of paris i join you in painter be to those who have left us and aaa8ú÷gp÷
implement the laws on behalf of women and girls. >> ifill: those are some of the stories we're covering on tonight's pbs newshour. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: ♪ ♪ ♪ moving our economy for 160 years. bnsf, the engine that connects us. >> lincoln financial-- committed to helping you take charge of your life and become you're own chief life officer. >> and the william and flora hewlett foundation, helping people build immeasurably better lives. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions and... >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. >> ifill: the u.s. central command's social media websites were hacked today. the hackers called themselves cyber-caliphate and said they acted on behalf of islamic state militants. threats posted on centcom's twitter feed included a warning that said: "american soldiers, we are coming. watch your back." other postings showed soldiers at work, and even listed names and phone numbers of military personnel. and, there were scenarios for conflict with north korea and china, but a pentagon spokesman said none of the material was classified. brian fung of "the washington post" has followed the story, and spoke with us earlier. >> looks mainly as though the attackers went to public sources of information and grabbed screen shots and other reports about u.s. military personnel, retired army officers, so on to release online to make it look as though they'd penetrated the pentagon's network. so far, there doesn't appear to be any major indication that's happened. >> ifill: the hackers also uploaded an islamic state recruiting video to centcom's youtube account with images of fighters carrying out operations. fung says the hackers may have recently attacked several news outlets as well. >> like a lot of hacker organizations, we don't know a whole lot about these guys except for the fact that they're apparently behind a couple of attacks on some local news outlets earlier this month, and in those attacks they went after some newspapers and local cbs afull yachts. other than that, however, we don't know a whole lot about the hackers behind this latest attack. >> ifill: centcom's twitter and youtube account were suspended after being compromised. but a pentagon spokesman dismissed the hack as "little more than a prank." president obama called today for new efforts to beef up the nation's cyber-security. he spoke before word emerged of the attack on central command. instead, he cited the hack of sony pictures. his proposals included tougher laws against identity theft and new protections for students' data. >> this is a direct threat to the economic security of american families and we've got to stop it. if we are going to be connected, then we need to be protected. as americans, we shouldn't have to forfeit our basic privacy when we go online to do our business. >> ifill: the president plans to include the cyber-security ideas in his state of the union address next week. french police officials now say as many as six members of a terror cell may still be on the loose. that word came today as police and troops spread out in the wake of last week's bloodshed in paris. guns at the ready and eyes on the streets. security forces kept close watch as parents dropped off children off at jewish schools in paris this morning. they were among nearly 15000 police and soldiers dispatched to beef up security across france. >> ( translated ): we are going to be very cautious, but we will open the school as usual, we are going to teach as usual, we will behave as usual, because that's the best way to resist. >> ifill: last week's terror attacks left 17 people dead including four at a kosher grocery store on friday. a muslim employee there helped save 15 others, but he says police first thought he was a terrorist, too. >> ( translated ): yes, they did. when i emerged, they told me to put my hands on my head and to lie on the ground. i panicked. there were lots of people and a lot of shouting. >> ifill: meanwhile, prime minister manual valls told bfm-tv today that the manhunt for accomplices continues. one may have helped post this video on sunday, recorded earlier by amedy coulibaly. he was the gunman at the jewish grocery, and had also killed a french policewoman. in the message, he pledged allegiance to the islamic state group. >> ( translated ): what we are doing is totally legitimate, given what they are doing. one can't attack and get nothing in return. >> ifill: coulibaly died when police stormed the grocery. but the hunt for his fugitive wife, hayat boumeddiene, came up empty. newly released security camera video showed her arriving, with a male companion, in istanbul turkey on january 2. turkey's interior minister said today there had been no reason to stop her. >> ( translated ): there was no notice from france on this person stating that she is dangerous and she should be banned from entering the country. therefore, there isn't a specific entry ban on this person. >> ifill: there was no ban on her exit either, turkish officials now say she crossed into syria last thursday, one day after 12 people were shot dead at "charlie hebdo," a satirical paris newspaper. the gunmen there, brothers said and cherif kouachi, had known her husband since 2005. they, too, died in a police shootout on friday. the week of terror brought out well over one million people in paris on sunday for a march of unity that featured a number of world leaders. the american ambassador to france, jane hartley, represented the united states. but the administration suffered withering criticism for failing to send anyone of higher rank. white house spokesman josh earnest conceded today that was a mistake. >> some have asked whether or not the unites states should have sent someone with a higher profile than the ambassador to france, and i think its fair to say that we should have sent someone with a higher profile to be there. >> ifill: secretary of state john kerry will travel to paris on friday. the white house plans a summit on how to counter violent extremism, next month. and, we'll get an update on the link between the paris attacks and yemen, after the news summary. >> ifill: secretary kerry arrived in pakistan today, pressing for more action against taliban safe havens along the afghan border. the visit came as officials reopened a school where taliban attackers killed 150 classmates and teachers last month. students return to class tomorrow. northeastern nigeria is reeling from new carnage caused by boko haram. witnesses say the islamist militants used young girls, about ten-years-old, in suicide bombings on saturday and sunday. nearly 20 people were killed. it's also been reported the militants killed as many as 2,000 people last week around baga, in borno state, after seizing a key military base. nigeria's military claim the true figure is 150 dead including militants. cuba completed its release of 53 political prisoners today, under last month's diplomatic deal with the united states. they were on a list of opposition figures jailed for urging political and social reforms. a cuban dissident leader says 17 of the 53 had already been released before president obama announced a restoration of ties with havana. investigators in indonesia finally have their hands on a black box recorder from that crashed air-asia jetliner. it was pulled from the underwater wreckage today, and taken to jakarta for examination. the other black box, the flight data recorder, remains lodged under parts of the plane. officials appealed for patience as they piece together what happened. >> ( translated ): i urge all experts not to give any theory if they do not have a valid data and please don't make people confused. we urge people to wait and be patient with our ongoing investigations. i hope all data that we collect will be good and valid so our team can analyze it faster. >> ifill: all 162 people on board were killed in the december crash. but so far, only 48 bodies have been recovered. back in this country, new york city's new inspector general accused police of using banned chokeholds sometimes as a first response. he also said the department has failed to punish the practice. the report follows a grand jury's decision not to indict an officer in the chokehold death of staten island resident eric gardner last summer. two policemen in albuquerque, new mexico, were charged with murder today, in the death of a homeless man last march. the victim had a history of mental illness, but video from a police camera appeared to show he was trying to surrender, when the officers fired. >> we think that there's evidence that gives us the legal standard probable cause. we've always said that if we can meet that standard, we will go forward. and we believe that we can meet that standard and we are going forward. >> ifill: after the killings the u.s. justice department issued a sharply critical report on the police department's use of force. supporters of the keystone pipeline project move to advance it in the senate. they want a procedural vote to clear the way to complete the pipe like. the bill passed the house but the white house warned of veet o. in health news today, a review for the world health organization finds online medical training is just as effective as traditional training. it says so-called e-learning could give the world millions more doctors and nurses especially in poor nations where the need is greatest. and another new study finds head start programs can help fight obesity. university of michigan researchers found obese and overweight children were more likely to lose weight in the program, which focuses in part on healthy eating and physical activity. the findings appear in the journal "pediatrics." wall street started the week by giving ground as falling oil prices pulled stocks lower. the dow jones industrial average lost 96 points to close at 17,640; the nasdaq fell 39 points to close at 4,664; and the s&p 500 slipped 16 to finish at 2,028. >> ifill: still to come on the newshour. where westernized jihadists go to train. rising anti-semitism in france prompts more jews to leave for israel. holding india's police forces accountable in the fight against human trafficking. how the price at the pump affects american car buying. a bipartisan plan to un-stick capitol hill gridlock. plus, how the arts and humanities are good for the economy. >> ifill: the discovery that one of the brothers involved in the paris attacks received al qaeda training in yemen, put that terrorist group-- and yemen-- back in the spotlight. joining me for more on the threats from both, and the u.s. strategy to try to contain them, is chief foreign affairs correspondent margaret warner. so, margaret, do these attacks in paris change the assessment here of what the risks are? >>are? i don't think it changes the assessment because u.s. intelligence officials have been saying they thought the real danger was not so much returning foreign fighters but at least even lone wolves are those inspired to attack. so one u.s. official told me he was really not surprised by what happened in paris. as you know, the chief spokesman for islamic state, back in september, called on followers in all these western countries to attack their own targets at home. you saw some attacking canada, you saw attempted attacks and hostage taking in australia. so from the u.s. perspective, the u.s. views it as a pretty good bead on the very few from u.s. have gone to iraq and syria. even though these two brothers were on the no-fly list they're worried there are plenty of others out there who are inspired, who can get into the united states without a visa to come from western europe. >> ifill: what is it about yemen? you were there in 2010, reporting for us. at the time, there was some question about whether it was a hot bed for jihaddism, and i'm wondering whether it is again. >> yes. -- yes and yes. i went to try to figure out why it is considered a hot bed. senior officials say yemen is the greatest threat to american security out there. i was stunned because that was not the thinking in early 2010. the reasons are both his historic and today. historically, yemenis have punched above their weight. then when what you had was the formation within yemen of sawed yand yemeni branches combine to create the al quaida-arabian peninsula. the saudis are very tough on people like that. the yemenis do not control most of their own territory, so you have a permissive environment because you have vast, ungoverned spaces, then you have enter the phenomenon of al-awlaki, this very effective american-born preacher who found haven there, the yemenys always give haven. then returning guantanamo detainees who were saudi who would not have been allowed to exist in saudi arabia but came to yemen, and a very ineffective government that the u.s. was trying to help. >> ifill: i wonder about the distinction anymore. al quaida on the arabian peninsula is different in theory from the islamic state group. >> yes. >> ifill: we heard one suspect say he was representing al quaida and the other said he was representing i.s. is that a distinction without difference anymore? >> one intelligence official said he thinks it's 50% crab regulation and 50% competition. no doubt they're competing in sir. i can't al quaida happens to be fighting with western-baghdad rebels with president assad. they share the same airnlings anti-western and anti-local governments who are, they consider, too western or too alhide with the west. so in that sense, the concern of intelligence officials is there's been too much made of the separation and even in the inner circles of the intelligence community, you start with groups and you keep analyzing the groups and stove pipes and you miss the connections. >> ifill: final question for you. there has been much to do about whether the president should have gone to the big march in paris over the weekend and today the white house acknowledged maybe someone more high-ranking if not the president should have gone. is this of concern in europe? >> talking to the senior official in europe and others, they don't want to criticize the president, and the cooperation the u.s. is giving is huge, so operationally, no complaint. but you can always count on the tabloids in britain and the daily mail saying obama snubs paris rally. >> ifill: tabloids here as well. margaret warner, thank you. >> ifill: as we reported earlier thousands of french police were dispatched today to secure jewish sites throughout france. friday's attack on the kosher grocery came as a shock to many around the world. many french jews were less surprised. anti-semitic attacks, often violent, in the country were on the rise in 2014. the number of jews fleeing france to make a new home in israel more than doubled last year growing from 3,400 in 2013 to 7,000. "the atlantic's" jeffrey goldberg was in paris last week before the attacks happened reporting on the growing threats to the country's jewish community. jeffery, welcome. >> brown: thank you. >> ifill: are these specific new threats or something that's just been continuing? >> brown: the french-jewish community has been living a certain reality for quite a long time, already. two years ago there was an horrific attack on a jewish school in toulouse three children murdered by a returning jihadist. this is in the category of shocking but not surprising. the rest of france is sort of coming on board to the realization of what's going on. >> ifill: these attacks last week in paris put it into a new light. >> brown: definitely and definitely increased the urgency. i think it was the amplification effect of having the horrific charlie hebdo attack and then realizing another type of first-tier target for these guys would be any kind of soft jewish site. a supermarket is very seas to attack. one of the reasons a supermarket like that was attacked was synagogues and schools are already protected. that's why the steps to put soldiers in front of jewish schools was so dramatic because it's a recognition that even with all the police have been doing, they haven't been doing enough. >> ifill: cheers extremists trying to make a point but does it extend to the larger community as well? >> brown: to the larger non-jewish community? >> ifill: yes. >> brown: i just got back and i think everyone now feels that the country is under siege in in a way. i don't want to overstate it but there is a siege feeling. you see it on the street, on the metro, the trains that they're behind the 8 ball a little bit, that these guys especially people who have been radicalized in syria, yemen and elsewhere are traveling back and forth and i think there's also this overwhelming realization in france last week that it takes one or two or three people to completely turn upside down a country and that's what everybody is scared about. >> ifill: the difference between people in general who are scared everybody being scared, and the jewish community in particular, is that some of them are getting on planes and flying to israel. >> brown: right. the jewish community is targeted in a more intensive way also has a way out. eth not only israel people are going to. canada, some are coming to the u.s. it's not an exodus yet to borrow from an older jewish story, it's not an exodus jet and what the french government is worried about is it will become an exodus. i talked to the french president manuel valls who is very strenuous on this point. he said if 100,000 jews were to flee france, fraps would stop being france. one to have the core ideas was the emancipation of the jews in the time of the french revolution. if the jews no longer feel it's safe then the whole idea of the republic kind of collapses on itself. one other point that the french prime minister and other french officials are making are things that start with the jews never end with the jews. in other words it's that old form l.a. first they came for the jews and i wasn't a jew so i didn't say anything. but in this case they came for the cartoonists in the middle of the week and by the end of the week they're coming back for the jews. there is a feel that if this isn't nipped in the bud churches, schools, shopping malls might be targeted. >> ifill: is the prime minister speaking generally for the entire french government because, as you know, there have been far right parties who they believe have exacerbated this attitude and problem and i wonder whether he is speaking for everybody? >> brown: well, he's speaking for the president, i think, number two, and the president is number one. he's speaking for the security infrastructure. there's a fascinating and troubling thing going on. traditionally, before the new wave antisemitism was mainly located in france in the extreme right. now the extreme right has turned more anti-muslim than anti-jewish, so it's trying to appeal to jews in saying we're the only ones who can stand up for your rights. >> ifill: that's turned upside down. >> brown: yeah, and most to have the jewish leadership still understands that, you know they might not like muslims but i but they also don't like jews. so you have a situation in which muslim terrorist are as tacking jewish targets. muslims in france feel oppressed, the right wing doesn't like anybody. it's a difficult situation. >> ifill: the friction, did it ramp up this summer after the disputes in the gaza strip israeli-palestinian? >> brown: whenever that subject is in the news it intensifies actions on the ground across europe. obviously, when people are yelling hamas, hamas to the jews, they have deeper pathologies at work. there is obviously legitimate criticism of israel and the french government for policies in the middle east and that's one basket of issues. what we saw in the summer with attacks on synagogues, i had been in a lot of the towns are things take place, really horrifying attacks of people yelling death to the jews and attacking people physically that is, joked say, sparked by a certain understanding of the middle east. it's no excuse, of course, but quickly spins out of control. >> ifill: is there any government efforts underway to curb this? >> brown: the french government says they're working hard on counterradicallization and on the security front in tracking people coming back from the syrian front, working on counterradicallization in prisons, on education but i didn't meet anyone who felt like the situation was under control. >> ifill: jeffrey brown, thank you very much. >> brown: thank you. >> ifill: now to india, and a crusade to end child sex trafficking. special correspondent fred de sam lazaro traveled there recently to take a closer look at the issue, and the often unsuccessful efforts to combat the practice. tonight, we have the first of his two reports. they are part of our agents for change series. (sound of children playing) >> reporter: there was an unusual demonstration in this town on the boarder of india, nepal. that's because most women with backgrounds of prostitution are rarely seen in public. they talk about social evils in the social ladder at which they're at the very boddum. >> wherever we go, we're all low-classed. prostitution is passed from mother to daughter and father to son. >> reporter: she is a former journalist who started a group called "on our own" which organized the lal raleigh. the group rescued many women taught them crachts and put their daughters in school. they're also part of a protest movement that followed the fatal gang rape of a delhi college student two years ago, a campaign that got lawmakers to act against what many called a culture of rape and mo. rape. the law recognizes the women as victim. >> the consent of a victim to her own exploitation will still put the blame on the perpetrator who used her consent to traffic her. >> reporter: flyers were distributed to inform people to have the new laws and the victory by n a recent court case. the court ordered citizen committees be set up in every community in this region. the committees would gather cayta on every child up to 18 years old in the communities and essentially keep tabs on the welfare of the children to ensure no child is trafficked when i worked here eight years ago, women could not look up. they had to cover their head and were terrified of the traffickers beating them up. now the whole system is changed and traffic eradicated. >> reporter: laws are only as good as enforcement as we would see hours after the rally. a couple of staffers came to this police station inside india along the nepal border. they learned at least two young women have been trafficked and making final arrangements with the police to conduct a raid to rescue them tonight. the team met up at 6:00 p.m. they hadn't told police where they were going beforehand for fear traffickers would be tipped off. once they shared the information, they were asked to wait because the female officers who were to accompanied them had been delayed. when the women still hadn't arrived two hours later the raid proceeded anyway, hours after the planned start. three women and six policemen. >> this is where the customers are brought in. >> reporter: a few minutes later they were in the local red-light area and in a three-rove hubble where they expected one young woman was being held. it was dank, dark and deserted. what's going on? >> i think the girl has been kept at the police station for two hours. we suspect they send information to the traffickers here because there's not a man in sight, which is very unusual in the red light area. where are the customers? it's very very odd. >> reporter: signing thing next door. a deserted home, evidence this too was a brothel whose occupants left in a hurry. >> there's evidence someone just ran. the blanket still on the bed. >> reporter: further in the courtyard, a door padlocked on the outside of another home used as a brothel. the police were armed with big rifleles but had no means to break the lock open. the task fell finally to a man said to be related to the building owner. the occupants are suspected to have fled over the wall in the back when they heard the group arrive in the front and she mildly admonished the policemen. >> coming forward when you do such raids, you should think about circling a home like this so people don't have the opportunity to run away. and you folks are not gathering any evidence. could you please take some of this? let me show you. >> reporter: an officer duly followed but did not record anything. with the lock finally broken, they found a framed picture of one of the young women they were looking for. the man who let them in initially denied knowing her but then relented and said he knew where she was being held. the police ordered him to produce her in one hour at the police station. so he's gone off to bring the girl, ostensibly. do you think you will see her this evening? >> if the cops want you will see her. >> reporter: at the station i asked the obvious question. the suspicion immediately is somebody maybe from your own police force has tipped them off. he was more comfortable in hindi,less comfortable with the question. said he didn't have information but promised to investigate. the young woman never showed up at the station but the female police officers finally tid, too late to have any effective role in the attempted rescue. there were no police vehicles available to get here from their base at another station, they complained. >> i wondered why because it was never implemented. this is back to ground zero. the police, come what may, do not want toimple meant laws on behalf of women and girls. >> reporter: she said part of the job of activist is to jade educate an ill-informed police force on the laws and hold them accountable. in its years the group has helped 20,000 young women and girls leave or not enter sex trade. fred de sam lazaro in india for the pbs "newshour". >> ifill: on tomorrow night's report, fred goes on another rescue raid with a very different outcome. his reporting is a partnership with the under-told stories project at st. mary's university of minnesota. >> ifill: one year ago, when automakers held their big auto show in detroit, a gallon of gas went for an average of three dollars and 31 cents. now, as the auto show gets underway again, it's dropped by a third, all the way down to two dollars and 13 cents a gallon. and that presents some intriguing challenges this year. on one hand, manufacturers like g.m. are creating more fuel efficient cars, like the bolt, a new electric-powered concept car which is designed to get 200 miles from a single charge. but on the other end of the spectrum, big new suv's and sedans are rolling off production lines for buyers now less worried about gas prices. john stoll is the global auto editor for "the wall street journal" and he joins me from detroit. after all the bright shining things at the auto show john, what are the trends you're seeing? >> the trend is definitely back toward big trucks and suv's in terms of the conversation now we're having about the immediate environment. the economy is doing well, gas prices down to $2 a gallon or less, and there is a lot of what a lot of automakers think is a natural progression toward the suv and truck body style in most of america so they're catering to that. at the same time you have this tension. while dealers want more and more trucks and suv's, regulators one more things like the chevy bolt or tesla, vehicles that can run on battery or electricity and get better fuel economy. so that tension is di de fining the auto show more than anything at this point. >> ifill: are the things most exciting the great big luxury suvs or the new little cars you can plug in or a little bit of both? >> i think somewhere in between. on the show floor you have some super cars, the first cars that are taken out of the product lineup when things are bad. an example, gored has the g.t. or they're calling it the phoenix is back, a super car made from carbon fiber. a 3.5 3.5-liter turbo engine, built for gas miles which is a new conversation in that vehicle but shows exactly where the automakers are going. even in the high-end, super luxury super performance, they know fuel economy is important. the regulators are going to start asking them in two years and then another decade down the road where are you at with the mandates put in place and even super cars and trucks have to get more fuel efficient. >> ifill: so the mandates stay in place even though grass prices might bounce back. >> yeah, i think the review the government will have with the auto industry in 2017 will be more important. at $2 a gallon, it's hard to get customers to buy into the proposition that hybrids ant electric vehicles make which is you pay more up front for the battery, the capability, the engineering, more weight in the car, but the payoff is at $4 a gallon you start getting that money back. at $2 it takes a lot longer to get that money back and consumers understand and want capability and want to guy vehicles that, you know aren't as expensive to fill up in an area like this. so a lot of this depend on how long the gas prices last. this could last a sun stained period of time. a lot more automakers are saying they could see a bounce back quickly, that they're prepared for something nearer term. regardless, regulators and automakers will have to have a discussion about what they want, more predictable gas price or an economy rolling with the lower gas price. >> ifill: that's the dilemma. how does a company or auto buyer plan for the long term in what kind of strategy do you employ in trying to decide what kind of choices to make? >> it -- the auto buyer is saying is it time to buy an suv, and you're filling up a vehicle that costs $40 for a $20 tank. fit goes up to $4 a gallon, that doubles. it's hard to make the decision. now the buyer is saying we have about 45% mix trucks and suv's now it's about 55%. the automakers haveo to spendo far more than before. 20 years ago, they were designing cars with where gas prices were going $2-$4, most were projecting prices would go up. now the regulators are the ones determining where the automakers are innovating toward. that's why you see vehicles like the chevy bolt. it's innovated takes on tesla and most agree this is what the auto industry should be doing but the reality is it doesn't make sense in a $2 a gallon gasoline environment. >> ifill: thank you. thanks, gwen. >> ifill: the republican controlled congress is back in session. preparing to do battle with the democrat who controls the white house. but does a divided government have to be a partisan government? we listened in last week as democratic pollster peter hart gathered a focus group in aurora colorado, to talk about whether the divide in washington can be bridged. the event was sponsored by the annenberg school of public policy at the university of pennsylvania. here's a sampling of what the voters had to say. with a democratic president and a republican congress, i'm afraid there will be more of a stalemate than anything else. >> the change in the cast and characters probably won't create a dramatic change because of the infighting that we can't go across the aisle, we can't smile or touch or talk to somebody that's different. >> i think we can actually get more done. >> how many agree? i think this new congress -- congress and president may get more done, how many say i agree with rick's statement? >> i'm right in the middle of that. >> reporter: so i'm not getting a lot of people jumping up and saying there's going to be more done. >> they're politicians, they're out for their own agenda, seems like. >> from what i've seen in the last several years, i feel like we're in a do-nothing mode for the next two years because anything that the president wants to do, congress will disagree with, and vice versa. >> ifill: for a deeper look at what's causing the gridlock judy woodruff sat down recently with two former lawmakers from opposite sides of the aisle. democrat martin frost and republican tom davis are the authors of a new book: "the partisan divide." >> woodruff: former representative martin frost former representative tom davis. we thank you both for joining us. >> our pleasure. thank you. >> reporter: so much already has been said and written about what's wrong with congress, how how divided and polarized it is. what made you two think you had something to add to the debate we're hearing every day? martin frost? >> we're a disappearing breed. we're moderate democrat and republican. we thought we had something to say. >> i don't think tblib talked about why it is. we know it's dysfunctional, but don't know what the root causes, that that are external factors. there is an ideological media. these are business models where people cater to certain audiences and feed them what they want to hear, they're taken the message away from political leaders and carry the messages and the internet, too. finally, the mon yp has moved away from the parties after campaign finance. and with citizens united the money is out on the wings on the right and left and not with the party. >> because of one-party districts, people are looking over their shoulder, republicans are worried about someone running from the far right, democrats are worried they might have a challenge from the far left in the primary. so it's not they lose a primary but they change their voting pattern to prevent a primary opponent and makes it hard to compromise. >> woodruff: need to write a lot about redistricting so-called gerrymandering. i'm interested in a lot of things, one, is tom davis, you write a chapter and the parliamentary effects the nationalizing of american politics. we're used to hearing tip o'neal saying all politics is local. so what do you mean by this? >> legislative races today, it is parliamentary, people vote the party not the person. very few individuals are a con ditch wednesdayy not in their party area. how many democrats holding a district 70% or better than reagan and bush, none are over 52%. the worst part is not only are the voters acting in a parliamentary fashion, voting straight party, but when members get to congress they're acting like it's a parliamentary system which instead of being the minority party, you're the opposition party. >> you saw this in the last election, last november in that you had democrats running red states who tried to sell, they've really been good for the state, this is what they've done for the statement voters could have caredless and voted straight ticket. >> woodruff: some of the remedies you suggest would surprise people. martin frost, you said bring back earmarks, ways individual members of congress can insert something in a spending bill to benefit some project important to them. >> judy, as long as they are transparent, as long as you put your name on it and it affects your district or your state, not something in another part of the country, it makes you a player and it makes it possible then for the leadership to work with you and to help you and for you to then help them on a consensus piece of legislation. i mean i was very proud, i got an ear mark to build a mass transit system in dallas called dart. if i hadn't gotten that earmark, we wouldn't have mass transit in dallas today. i put out a press release about it and saying the business community loved it. that's what they wanted for the city. these had a lot of intrinsic value. they permitted members not to pass the buck to the administration to make the decisions, they got the make the decision, and gave the leadership opportunity to work with members on critical issues and perhaps the member would find it in his or her heart and come to the middle and vote for some kind of con sees sus relation. >>legislation. >> woodruff: one of the things you recommended is wanting to go back, basically, to donors being able to give money directly to the political parties. you're saying it was transparent before we need to go back to that. but, you know, i've talked to folks about that who say the fact that the federal office holders or seekers could go to wealthy donors and say give me lots of money, whether you're democrat or republican even if it is transparent, why doesn't that invite corruption? >> what do you think you have now? >> right now you have interest groups that put out and target members who don't vote a certain way. the only reason you had 70 members vote for aid after hurricane sandy is several groups, heritage action freedom works, basically threatened to go after members who voted that kind of aid. it's worse today than ever. parties have been a central force in american politics for 200 years. that money will go somewhere and if you don't give it to parties in a transparent action it's out on the wings in dark transactions. >> the outside group is not reportable. those groups don't report their donors. so we have the worst of all worlds now. big money is going to forces that are not controlled by political parties that have their own agenda whereas if contributions went to parties, they would be fully disclosed. >> woodruff: don't they all call for the kind of changes in the courts or the part of congress that are just not politically realistic. >> they do require congress to act, that's correct, and the question is will the public get so fed up with the current system that the public and in congress makes -- and demand congress makes changes. in this area you can't get two-thirds of the house to amend the constitution. >> the courts spoke and added more money to the parties in. the last appropriation bill that passed at the end of the year, they added more money from the parties to individuals. they recognize this has to happen. >> woodruff: "the partisan divide," congress in crisis from two former members. martin frost, tom davis. thank you. >> thank you. >> ifill: finally tonight, the government released new data today showing that the arts and culture sectors contribute more to the u.s. economy than previously thought. jeffrey brown recently sat down with the heads of the two government agencies tasked with promoting the arts and humanities. to discuss those findings and the state of the arts in 2015. >> brown: jane chu was born in oklahoma from parents who immigrated in china. when her father died it was music to help her through. >> i tinted have words to articulate the grief of a loss of a parent and certainly in my situation having man trine at home and english in school. but music for some reason gave me a way to express myself and i realize the power of it. >> khu would become a leading arts administrator heading the kaufman center for the performing arts in kansas city. seven months ago, she was confirmed as the 11th chair of the national endowment for the arts. william would eventually rise to become president of colby college in maine. six months ago adams became chairman for the national endowment for the humanities. >> the issues we face are not fundamentally scientific and technical problems. the big challenges we face as a country revolve again around our history, our culture ideals and values. >> and where there is no vision the people perish. >> brown: the two agencies and the n.e.a. helped support the "newshour's" arts coverage are turning 50 this year, they were signed into law by president lyndon johnson add a rose garden ceremony in september 1965. where he added this... >> we and america have not always been kind to the artists and the scholars who are the creators and the keepers of our vision. somehow the scientists always seem to get the penthouse, while the arts and the humanities get the basement. >> brown: 50 years later i chalked with chu and adams ant their biggest challenges today. >> there is a perception that the arts are off in a cycle o that they are elitists, that they are only used in one way, but they really are attached to all we do everything from the economy to human development, education and our ability to simply live a quality of life. so we want to make sure that people understand how effective the arts can be for them. >> brown: newtata released by the n.e.a. suggest whether or not people see or understand the arts that way, they certainly are participating in them. in 2012 for example, 120 million people, more than half the country's adults, saw a show, attended a live performance or viewed an art exhibition. together, producing nearly $700 billion in economic activity. more than 4% of the country's gross domestic product. for its part, the n.e.h. which gives grants for research, education and programs in the humanities is also trying to make a stronger case for its place in the national life. in that vein it's launched the common good initiative designed to engage scholars and the publicnon a variety of issues like the balance between liberty and security and how to better incorporate veterans back into civilian life. is it a critique of the university to say that you need to connect them better that scholars need to connect their work more to the general public? >> in a way, i think it can be or it is. i do think there are ways in which academic humanities have been too inward looking and too inwardly focused and preoccupied with very professional concerns. i understand where that's the case and sometimessist essential to certain kinds of disciplines, but i think we've lost touch with a more public understanding and practice of the humanities. i think humanists have a lot to say to the challenges like we're all facing. >> brown: for example? for example, we all live with this extraordinary explosion of technology now and we all sense that that technology is changing our lives in in very considerable ways. but we're not good yet at thinking about what the ways are and the impact they're having on our lives. one of the impact is this very important very difficult tension between liberty and security which is being prayed out in the government, in the press and in the country and the world generally every day. so there are a whole series of very public issues about which humanists have a great deal to say and we want in the n.e.h. to encourage them to talk about it. >> brown: since the culture war of the '80s and the contract battles of the '90s, these two agencies have found themselves under siege with threats to zero out their funding. $146 million each are their budgets toorksd steady for years, but below the '70s and '80s when i it adjusted for inflation. >> i understand the pressure on the federal government and sympathetic to the need to be very, very careful with our resources and to justify those resources. but the amount of money spent on our agencies is relatively small compared to the problems that we have financially and i think, to lose this final part of the investment the country's made in culture, in the cultural capital, the country would be a huge mistake. so it's making that argument in a compelling way. >> and, indeed, when we are talking about our leverage opportunities, that will alliance perfectly with what william is talking about in terms of a little goes a long way. one plus one does not equal two. when it comes to n.e.a. grants it equals seven. >> brown: in terms of the amount of money that grows from that. >> that grows from that and touches people across the nation. that is a very cost-effective way to use an agency. >> brown: do you feel the political pressure? i mean, does it in some ways constrain what you think you can do or the grants you can give out? >> as will expressed the people we've met, members of congress when we tell them about the activities and the program going on at the n.e.a., at the n.e.h., they see first hand and have been very receptive so we have been very appreciative. >> brown: holding steady but leveraging the authority they have to advance what are clearly passionately held ideals. all of that to be tested further in the coming year. >> ifill: again, the major developments of the day, hackers briefly took over the u.s. central command's twitter and youtube sites. they said they acted on behalf of islamic state militants. the pentagon said nothing classified was revealed. and french police said as many as six people linked to last week's terror attacks in paris may still be at large. at the same time, thousands of police and troops deployed to safeguard jewish schools and other sites. >> ifill: on the newshour online right now, as admissions season kicks into high gear, high school seniors are flooded with college brochures and e-mails. but while these schools aggressively recruit students they're just as likely to turn them down. it's a practice called recruit to deny, read about that process on our home page. all that and more is on our web site, pbs.org/newshour. >> ifill: and that's the newshour for tonight. i'm gwen ifill. we'll see you on-line and again here tomorrow evening, for all of us here at the pbs newshour thank you and good night. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> lincoln financial-- committed to helping you take charge of your life and become you're own chief life officer. >> and by the alfred p. sloan foundation. supporting science, technology, and improved economic performance and financial literacy in the 21st century. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions and... >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. captioning sponsored by macneil/lehrer productions captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org this is "nightly business report" with tyler mathisen and sue herera. >> great plunge. oil prices drop to a near six-year low following a few days of relative stability. but how low is too low when it comes to crumbling crude. >> double whammy. earning season is here and with oil prices tumbling and the dollar soaring, will companies have a new excuse for soft results. alcoa beat earnings estimates today. the former down member has seen its stocks double since tossed out of the blue chip index. this is monday, january 12th. good evening, everyone. i'm su herera. if rainy deuce and mondays always get you down you're not alone today on
there is opponents to the confederate flag and the house could vote on it as early as next tuesday. state senator, paul thurman, the son of segregationist strom thurman. >> i'm glad to be on this side of history on race and bigotry from the state house, but let it not satisfy us to stop there. we must take down the confederate flag and we must take it down now, but if we stop there, we have cheated ourselves out of an opportunity to start a different conversation about healing in our state. >> as momentum against the flag spreads, the nation's biggest flag maker, valley forge, now says it will stop producing the confederate battle flag. political leaders in three of the nine states featuring the flag on license plates are taking steps to remove it. and a list of retailers stopping sales of confederate flag merchandise is also growing. and this just in within the last hour. alabama has just removed its confederate flag from the state capital grounds. it comes after an order from governor robert bentley. nbc's charles hadlock joins me now from outside the state house in columbia. there are a lot of developments with the flag but i want to start with the remembrance that will happen there and many people that will file in line to pay their respects to state senator pinckney. >> that's right, tamron the flag is still flying bovr theabove the memorial. reverend pinckney will come behind me where it will lie in state until 5:00 local time. thousands of people are expected to pay their respects to the reverend who was shot and killed a week ago tonight at his church in charleston. he got the calling to become a minister at the age of 13. he became a pastor at age 18. he was 41 years old. relatives and friends say he was not a rich man, but he was rich in spirit and in kindness. people really loved him here and they are going to miss him a lot, tamron. >> his colleagues have mentioned, charles, spoke of his opposition of the confederate flag that is still there. it was noted that governor nikki haley, while speaking strongly that she wants it removed, she is essentially helpless in removing it today as his body will be in that very building. >> yeah it was a legislative order that put it here after it was flying on top of the state capital for many years back in the '60s. they had a compromise to move it to a smaller pole here next to the confederate memorial. but now people want it removed from the state grounds entirely both the state house and senate have agreed to debate that issue in the coming weeks. but right now they want to pay their respects to their fallen colleague. >> and the only according to the south carolina law that you were referencing, the only time that flag can be removed would be to replace it due to wear and that is not something the governor apparently is willing to do on this day, as we understand it. >> that was the rumor, that perhaps there was a chance they would take down the flag for, quote, unquote, maintenance today, but so far we have cameras trained on it. it hasn't moved a bit. >> charles, thank you. joining me now is jodi armor, law professor of "negro racism." good to have you. >> good to be here tamron. >> for many people this flag is something they think of in popular culture. for example, we just got word in vulture is reporting that warner brothers has decided it will no longer produce the stars and bars that were seen on their iconic show "the dukes of hazard" that aired between 1979 and 1985. myself, like many other people around my age, watched that show. very popular family show and it was part of what made the general lee, and even this flag almost caricatures and not represent what we really should in many ways acknowledge that flag represents for america. >> yeah how did we get there, tamron, is the question? you start out with a battle flag that's part of a kind of revolution against the union, against the stars and stripes in support of slavery and maintaining the south autonomy and suddenly you have it appearing on popular shows as a positive symbol. that evolved over time. it was originally just used for confederate veterans kinds of ceremonies and to commemorate fallen confederate soldiers and then in the '40s, the segregationist party in the south adopted the battle flag of general lee for the northern virginia army this flag and then it was put into canton the georgia flag in 1956 because brown versus board of education was decided in '54 saying immigration, so it was arguably saying we're going to be defiant in the face of these demands for immigration, so how do you get to that in association with segregation and slavery? that is an incredible journey. i think part of it had to do with the fact the state started putting it in their flag frankly. >> it's amazing how "the dukes of hazard" neutralized the confederate flag. it came to represent not just the rebel, but also the good ole boy, the southerners who represent cracker barrel's dining establishment. we have a list from usa today of the confederate flag used in popular culture. lynnrd lynyrd skynyrd never shied away from it kid rock tom petty, et cetera, never shied away from it. here i was a kid in the '60s in texas watching "the dukes of hazard" rooting for general lee and the two with the confederate flag with a child's mind all while still learning in school and some great schools, i might add, what the civil war means for my people. it's amazing how popular culture can dilute our minds. >> popular culture, and it was led by states like georgia and mississippi and south carolina adopting the battle flag as part of the state flag. after its part once the government starts standing behind a particular symbol and saying it's okay with us popular culture can follow that lead and say, hey, this is a state symbol. you know we bond around this symbol in a lot of states. and so that's why that texas decision is so important. it said that the state of texas did not have to issue specialty license plates with the battle flag on it. because that's government speech, not private speech. that was a very important way to take the legitimacy out of this symbolic expression of the battle flag. >> and think about that you cannot make this timing up that decision regarding those license plates, the tragic slaughter of innocent african-americans at around the same time mind you, of this discussion with the flag and the license plates in texas. but i do want to play an interview my colleague ron allen did with a man who lives in columbia and he has a barn full of confederate flags, and this is his perspective on the discussion of where this flag should exist in our culture. >> it's a war memorial to honor 25,000 men, a quarter of the men in south carolina died to protect this state. >> so many people in this state and this country see slavery, they see racism, they see the klan on that flag. >> they stole it. they dishonored that flag. that flag never had anything to do with slavery. >> you have people like jeff mccain there who are asking when does this end. there are a dozen counties a few press points out, who have figures like robert e. lee, confederate leader davis who has already asked for the statue of davis to be removed from the rotunda there. general nathan bedford, early founder of the ku klux klan his bus is in the tennessee capitol, though the government there has not endorsed -- i should point out the government has endorsed its removal as of tuesday. so you have people wondering, then, this is actually a statue that's on private property that rachel maddow was talking about yesterday. that's a whole other issue because it's private property. nevertheless, the bus, the street names as well folks ask, where does it end. >> it may have to end. for one thing, we want to take all symbols of the confederacy out of government speech so flags on state grounds or issuing license plates or trademarks, you know the redskins' name for example, with the washington football team. that's a government trademark. so there may be some issues about government speech versus private speech there as well. so first you start getting out of government speech and then you start asking the question which flag is more important, the american flag or the battle flag? the battle flag stands for one definition of us. the american flag stands for more inclusive definition of us and it's a battle of flags in a way. we have dueling flags, and we have to make a decision which of those flags we're going to stand under and find solidarity in. >> thank you very much. this is all moving very quickly, and we're seeing from movie studios to local governments taking action to your point of which flag do they want to stand behind. thank you for your time there. developing in the next hour, president obama is expected to announce a major shift in u.s. policy concerning americans captured by terrorists. most notably, the president is expected to announce that families will no longer face the threat of criminal prosecution if they try to pay ransom. the president is scheduled to speak at 12:20 eastern time after meeting with the families of americans held hostage. the shift comes largely in response to criticism from those hostages' family members, among them the families of james foley held by isis and killed last august and kayla mueller also held by isis and killed earlier this year. >> any parents out there would understand that you would want anything and everything done to bring your child home. and we tried, and we asked, but they put policy in front of american citizens' lives. >> if they weren't going to rescue them they couldn't get them home what do you do leave your kid in a jail to get beaten? no way. >> well today the white house will also announce it's creating what it calls a hostage recovery fusion cell that will be based on the the fbi. it will include a coordinator to work directly with the families to keep them better informed. now, some republicans are criticizing the policy change. house committee chairman bob goodlatte said good luck. it does more harm than good. and duncan hunter says pathetic response to a serious problem. other countries allow families to pay ransom. some countries, even do that. this is a very delicate balance here because you hear the sound from those family members, and they can only wonder if this change had been made prior to losing their loved one if they would have worked and there is no guarantee it would have. >> there is no guarantee it would have but we do have some insight, because in so many of these cases they were european hostages that were in some cases in the same cell as the american ones. in the case of some of the european countries who do pay ransom or allow families to pay ransom the vast majority got out alive. the only other country that has the same policy always the united states is the united kingdom, and they have had as much success in removing their captors as the u.s. which is to say not very well. >> this only empowers isis and the next terror group that pops up years from now to believe, if i get an american i get what i want. >> there is no doubt about it that kidnapping and hostage taking is a very lucrative business for terrorist organizations. that is a fact. the numbers back it up by 160 million on how much isis has made on the kidnapping of foreigners. but you saw from these parents' perspective, they will do what they can to bring home their loved ones. but this new change in policy has a lot of questions to be answered for, and some parents have put out statements, like the wasserman family and they said they would have preferred to see this fusion. >> explain that. >> the families were complaining they weren't getting the communication they needed from areas of government. the fbi, obviously with the kidnapping of any american citizen is involved in these kinds of cases. they wanted to have a single point of contact that can become the clearing house of information coming from the government and back to the government. when the family learns something about their son, if they're communicated to through an intermediary or something like that, they can relay it back to the government. it seemed there was miskmublgz miscommunication on various levels and that was the main point. the question then becomes, is this the right place to have it? was it at an fbi level or should it be at a higher level. it's going to be time sensitive to see how this was tested. hopefully we're not in another situation where another american is not kidnapped, but it will be the test of time i think. >> thank you for those details and we'll follow the president's remarks later today. happening now in a boston courtroom. victims of the boston marathon and their families are giving emotional impact statements in the formal sentencing hearing for dzhokhar tsarnaev. patricia campbell mother of crystal campbell killed in the bombing, said the jury did the right thing in sentencing him to death. and father of the youngest victim martin said dzhokhar showed destruction, hate and death and that he deserved a lifetime to think about what he's done. meanwhile, outside the courthouse more than a dozen anti-death sentence protesters have gathered to show their opinion for the sentencing. is there any indication from his attorneys that tsarnaev will speak today? >> hey there, tamron no. they have not given any indication whether he's going to speak. just sort of based on his body language so far this morning where he's occasionally glancing at some of the victims as they make their remarks, it doesn't seem likely he's going to speak. a lot of legal analysts who are handling this case says he doesn't have much to gain from speaking here especially since there are automatic appeals that will last years and years and years. you mentioned bill richard. he lost his son, eight-year-old martin richard in the bombing. he reiterated his family's position that the jury should have sentenced him to life in prison so dzhokhar could have a lifetime to think about what he's done here. it's not just the physical pain a lot of emotional scars, too. there was a gentleman named michael chase who spoke to dzhokhar. he was standing right behind the richards family when that bomb went off, and he instinct actively went to pick up martin's sister who lost her leg in that blast and left martin to fend for himself. he said that's been a very difficult thing in their marriage. they're working through it but it's a very painful thing he carries around every day. one of the other victims who got up was a transit officer with the mtba vick donahue, and he said he was seconds away from leaving behind a six-moldnth-old, but he said he survived and one of the most painful things in that recovery was watching the funeral of the one that was ambushed that led to that shootout. but he said the united states welcomed his family here and to turn on us he should be treated as such. tamron? coming up the autopsy report on the death of freddie gray is leaked. if t finds he died from a high energy injury. what the state police and the attorney's office are saying today. also developing now, france's president is said to call president obama today about new revelations that the nsa may have eaves dropped on three french presidents including president on. we're live at the white house. donald trump surges to second. you can find the t at news nation twitter, and you can find me on instagram and facebook under my name. we'll be right back. s. and ones you never thought you'd make. we help connect where you are. to places you never thought you'd go. this, is why we travel. and why we continue to create new technology to connect you to the people and places that matter. ♪ turn around ♪ ♪ every now and then i get a little bit hungry ♪ ♪ and there's nothing good around ♪ ♪ turn around, barry ♪ ♪ i finally found the right snack ♪ [ female announcer ] fiber one. here is a simple math problem. two trains leave st. louis for albuquerque at the same time. same cargo, same size, same power. which one arrives first? hint: it's not the one on the left. the speedy guy on the right is part of an intelligent system that creates the optimal trip profile for all trains on the line. and the one on the left? uh, looks like it'll be counting cows for awhile. so maybe the same things aren't quite the same. ge software. get connected. get insights. get optimized. heart health's important... ...so you may... take an omega-3 supplement... ...but it's the ingredients inside that really matter for heart health. new bayer pro ultra omega-3 has two times the concentration of epa and dha as the leading omega-3 supplement. new bayer pro ultra omega-3. developing now, new details are emerging in the investigation surrounding the death of freddie gray. the baltimore sun is reporting maryland's medical examiner's office concluded gray's death couldn't be ruled an accident and was instead a homicide. the report is based on a leaked autopsy report obtained by the sun that was completed on april 30th and has not been made public and has not been seen by nbc news. this leaked information comes two days after the six officers charged in gray's death pleaded not guilty. nbc's craig melvin has more on the report. >> reporter: according to the autopsy report reviewed by the baltimore sun but not independently verified by nbc news the state medical examiner's office declared freddie gray's death a homicide because officers failed to follow safety procedures through acts of omission. >> the baltimore sun obtained the autopsy report for freddie gray. they say his death met the legal definition of an accident acts of omission by the officers involved, such as failing to restrain in a seat belt or rendering aid which caused it to become a homicide. >> reporter: according to the paper, it obtained the information from a known source. they compared his injuries to those seen in shallow diving accidents. >> when the van desell rated suddenly or accelerated, that caused him to hit his head. >> reporter: he suffered injuries while in police custody. his death a week later sparked protests and riots in baltimore that drew national and international attention. six officers were charged in gray's death. they have all pled not guilty. the defense attorneys for those officers said neither the six officers nor any of their attorneys have a copy of the autopsy report nor have we ever seen it. both the medical examiner's office and the state attorney's office say they're not the source of the leak of the report. mayor mosby also said i strongly condemn anyone with access to trial evidence who has leaked information prior to the resolution of this case. >> the paper noted there the injury was mostly to his head and it also noted that it happened in a slightly reclining position or as he was changing his position on the floor of the van. developing now, we are awaiting an update from new york state police on the manhunt for those two escaped inmates. now the question is has joyce mitchell implicated another prison worker? we'll have the latest. and thousands of people are without power this morning from a round of pretty fierce storms that spawned a tornado and shut down several major airports. and there's more severe weather coming this afternoon. it's one of the stories we're updating this morning around the news nation. but i keep it growing by making every dollar count. that's why i have the spark cash card from capital one. i earn unlimited 2% cash back on everything i buy for my studio. ♪ and that unlimited 2% cash back from spark means thousands of dollars each year going back into my business... that's huge for my bottom line. what's in your wallet? americans. we're living longer than ever. as we age, certain nutrients... ...become especially important. from the makers of one a day fifty-plus. new one a day proactive sixty-five plus. with high potency vitamin b12... ...and more vitamin d. ♪ building aircraft, the likes of which the world has never seen. this is what we do. ♪ that's the value of performance. northrop grumman. why pause a spontaneous moment to take a pill? 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>> no not as far as the tools. as far as everything else she said when it came down to her and me she said it's off. >> now as the search reaches day 19 experts are taking extra precautions. this cabin is just five miles from where the dna was found. >> reporter: it's difficult when i pull in and i have to have a weapon with me. you're a long ways from anywhere here absolutely. >> reporter: the details of how matt and sweat escaped from that prison is still ongoing. the probe includes talking to a number of prison officers and civilian staff within the prison. tamron? >> thank you stephanie. coming up what sean "diddy" combs is saying about why he was arrested on the ucla campus where his son plays football. the latest from los angeles on that investigation. today congressional democrats are expected to unveil a new bill that would restore certain voting rights. what it means to states with a history of voting rights violations. it is part of this morning's first read. headache? motrin helps you be an unstoppable, let's-rock-this-concert- like-it's-1999 kind of mom. when pain tries to stop you, there's motrin. motrin works fast to stop pain where it starts. make it happen with new motrin liquid gels. i like my seafood like i like my vacations: tropical. and during red lobster's island escape, three new dishes take me straight to the islands. like the ultimate island seafood feast, with crab, lobster and jumbo shrimp. all you have to do... get here while you still can. ♪ kraft barbecue sauce's new recipe is made with sweet molasses, cane sugar and no high fructose corn syrup. that's not how most leading barbecue sauces do it. but that's how it's done at kraft. benny's the oldest dog in the shelter. he needed help all day so i adopted him. when my back pain flared up, we both felt it. i tried tylenol but it was 6 pills a day. with aleve it's just two pills, all day. now i'm back! aleve. all day strong. developing now, french president reportedly plans to call president obama today after wikileaks released documents showing the nsa eaves dropped on alon in 2006 and 2012. already president alon called a meeting with his top officials, and they call the u.s. spying quote, unacceptable and said france will not tolerate actions that threaten its security. france also summoned u.n. ambassador paris jane hartley. first, do we know whether president obama has heard from alon yet and any comments from alon on this? >> reporter: we're waiting for that phone call and we expect that could come at any moment now. in the meantime the white house is being very careful about their wording about this but they got a very clear message by calling the ambassador to the foreign ministry and by the public comments that were made by president alon. but on the record here's what a spokesperson for the national security council wrote to me. quote, we are not targeting and will not target the communications of president hollande. indeed as we have said previously, we do not conduct any foreign intelligence surveillance activities unless there is a specific and validated national security purpose. we are we work closely with france on all matters of international concern, and the french are indispensable partners. this comes along with the deadline on the negotiations of the iran nuclear deal but obviously in statement, no out right denial either the spying had happened on his predecessors or himself. having said that this came as a huge surprise given what has happened in years past. we do expect in things like that for there to be these kinds of expressions of public outrage. we saw this again at the g7 where i just was in germany that president obama and angela merkel still tried to come together after a spying scandal that she took a hit for and still is under some pressure domestically for some spying scandals there. so obviously we are waiting for the readout of that conversation. to be honest with you, we usually don't get the kind of details that you want as a fly on the wall but we should at least get some confirmation that the call did take place, tamron. >> absolutely chris. thank you very much. president obama's trade agenda is back on track this morning after a razor tight procedural vote yesterday in the u.s. senate. the senate voted by a bare minimum, 60 votes, to move forward on a bill granting the president's fast track negotiation authority. 14 democrats joined 7 democrats in voting for the bill. the bill sets up a vote for final passage today and then it will be sent to the president's desk for signature. this represents a major victory for the president who has made trade legislation a top priority in his last two years in office. now to our first read on politics this morning. louisiana governor bobby jindal expected to announce he's running for president today becoming the -- are you counting -- 13th major republican candidate to join the race. but how major is he? he'll be holding his announcement very soon but will it make a splash? somebody else is making a splash in the polling. according to a new poll in second place if new hampshire. according to republicans, donald trump. we'll have much more on what, if anything that poll means. and congressional democrats are expected to unveil a bill restoring the voting rights act. joining me with all the news this morning, senior political correspondent mark murray. good morning, mark. >> good morning, tamron. >> let's start with bobby jindal. did he wait too late? can he have an impact? >> he has two hurdles. one is a low name i.d. among republican voters. 36% of republicans said hey, i could end up supporting him versus 28% who said they couldn't, but a whole lot of other folks in the middle really don't know who he is. the other big hurdle he has a very low approval rating in his own state of indiana, and when you see that, that's a big impedimentment for the white house bid. governor chris christie who may announce next week has a similar problem. >> we believe they could have some impact whether it's in debate or setting a policy conversation that might benefit them in some way. do you see any opening for bobby jindal there? >> yeah, that is a great rationale for making a bid, hey, i'm not going to win but i want to make a debate. he will be hitting that debate stage and folks like bobby jindal are going to be trying to get that ninth or tenth position at the expense of other folks who are also buying the rick santorums of the world and donald trump even chris christie. and so it's really competitive to be able to get into that debate, to have the debate you want to talk about. >> let's talk about donald trump surging in new hampshire, second place. i know people often say, it's very early, he's got high name recognition, a television star billionaire, et cetera et cetera. but mark i'm curious, we often hear the company line that new hampshire voters are among the most engaged, like with iowa. they perhaps follow politics year round where as the low information voter might of course get in the general election. with that said with new hampshire voters' reputation being one considered highly favorable, how is he in second place? >> you know, tamron i think this all has to do with the bounce. we've seen bounces in the polls from almost all presidential candidates who decided to actually go in so i think the question is, is he able to maintain this? but again, donald trump to be able to get on this debate stage, he has plenty of name identification. his biggest challenge is to get all the paperwork needed to meet qualifications for that audit. restoring the voting rights act bill a very interesting time concerning this conversation we're having in south carolina and throughout the states on african-american voters african-american community and politics. >> you know tamron that's what strikes me as well on this and of course it's a reaction to a 2013 supreme court decision that struck down parts of the voting rights act. this legislation the democrats will be introducing are ones they say which states have violated voting rights multiple times, as many as 15 times over a 25-year period they're the ones that should have the strictest scrutiny on their voting rights behavior and have to get pre-clearance from the government. getting this through congress will not be an easy task. >> thank you very much mark murray. appreciate it. coming up alarming new findings out this morning about children and the dangers of those very popular laundry detergent pods that many feel look like candy and can be very dangerous. ♪ [music] ♪ defiance is in our bones. new citracal pearls. delicious berries and cream. soft, chewable, calcium plus vitamin d. only from citracal. ♪ ♪ at audi we know one thing to be true. the proper footing... makes all the difference. that's why we're partnering with toms to help them give 55,000 pairs of shoes to children in need in the us during the summer of audi sales event. 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[ male announcer ] at northrop grumman, we've always been at the forefront of advanced electronics. providing technology to get more detail... ♪ ♪ detect hidden threats... ♪ ♪ see the whole picture... ♪ ♪ process critical information and put it in the hands of our defenders. reaching constantly evolving threats before they reach us. that's the value of performance. northrop grumman. there are alarming statistics out this morning about the number of children poisoned from those brightly colored laundry packets. the pods are appealing to kid because they often look like candy. nbc's tom costello has the latest details. >> reporter: hey tamron good day to you. consider the statistics. 32,000 calls to poison control centers just since 2012 for children getting into these laundry packets that look like candy. if a child does put one of these in his or her mouth, it can be very serious. it happens once every hour. >> #911. >> reporter: an urgent call to 911 or poison control for a person ingesting a detergent pad. the symptoms can be life threatening, difficulty breathing, vomiting temporary vision loss and loss of consciousness. >> young children are explorers and they like to put everything in their mouth. so liquid laundry packets, which dissolve in water, can either dissolve on wet fingers or dissolve when they're put into the mouth. >> laundry pods make it easy to do the wash but the detergent is highly concentrated. three years ago jessica sutton's 21-month-old daughter isabella found a pod on the floor and tried to eat it. >> diarrhea vomiting. it was pretty much the symptoms of a stomach virus. >> they can have lung damage, trouble breathing, wheezing to the point they need to be placed on a ventilator in the icu. >> the poison control center reports two children have died from ingesting laundry packets. now they're setting standards for laundry pods. the american cleaning institute tells nbc news manufacturers have already made major changes to their packaging, including the addition of easy-to-understand safety icons, improving warning labels and redesigning packaging so packets aren't visible from the outside. the industry has also joined save kids worldwide to urge them to keep these up and out of the way of children, keep them off the floor, keep them in mortgageoriginal packaging as best they could and put it away. if a child gets into one of these packets, you should call poison control or 911 depending on the severity of the injury. >> a good thing to say put those up high so little kids can't grab them. coming up what sean "diddy" combs and his son are saying about the mogul being arrested on the ucla campus. we'll be right back. he'll tell us everything he knows very shortly, sir. as you were... where were we? 13 serving 14! service! if your boss stops by, you act like you're working. it's what you do. if you want to save fifteen percent or more on car insurance, you switch to geico. it's what you do. americans. we're living longer than ever. as we age, certain nutrients... ...become especially important. from the makers of one a day fifty-plus. new one a day proactive sixty-five plus. with high potency vitamin b12... ...and more vitamin d. head & shoulders with old spice. america's number one male dandruff brand. keeping you 100% flake-free. guaranteed. while smelling 100% handsome. take a whiff. head & shoulders with old spice. sean diddy combs is speaking out about his arrest at ucla where his son plays football. his representative says it was self defense. it's a case that's shining light, you might say, on how some parents behave when their kids play sports. here's nbc's joe fryer. >> reporter: out of jail sean diddy combs is fighting back. the rap mogul was arrested monday at ucla where his son, justin plays football. university police are accusing him of assault using a kettle bell but his representative says any actions taken by mr. combs were solely defensive in nature to protect himself and his son. a source familiar with the situation says combs went to meet with a coach monday because he felt the coach was bullying his son. when things escalated, combs claims he held up the kettle bell to defend himself. on tuesday his son posted this photo on instagram writing i thank god for having a father that's always there for me. love you, pops. >> you've heard of a helicopter parent? this is a parent that actually owns a helicopter. that's how much money he has. >> reporter: on espn and beyond the story is generating a lot of discussion about parents and sports. >> 20 years ago this would never have happened. this is a product today to the empowerment of the parents and particularly ones with money and influence who know that programs need them. >> reporter: celebrity or not, parents are sometimes accused of crossing the line getting too involved in youth sports. this youtube video went viral, viewed more than 2 million times. in extreme situations coaches and referees have even been assaulted making headlines. >> 1, 2, 3, break someone's clavicle! hit the field. >> reporter: over the top parenting was parodied in the movie "kicking and screaming." >> what type of things do you see? >> most often it's parents that are involved in telling their kids how to play the game yelling at referees. >> reporter: so the american youth soccer associationed cates parents on how to behave. >> one of the things i always tell my parents is when you're cheering at a game if you're yelling a verb you're not cheering for your child, you're telling them what to do. >> reporter: a chicago suburb actually posted adult behavior signs injected with a bit of humor. they say this is a game being played by children. if they win or lose every game of the season it will not impact what college they attend or their future income potential, a reminder of what's important on and off the field. joe fryer, nbc news, los angeles. >> well one person is dead and almost 400,000 are without power after severe weather tore through the northeast, and that tops our look at stories around the news nation this morning. strong thunderstorms pushed through several states late yesterday, the same system that sparked more than a dozen tornados in the midwest. a 79-year-old man was killed when his truck hit a tree that was knocked over by high winds in maryland. and more severe thunderstorms are expected to fire up this afternoon in the plains and midwest going into tomorrow morning. the death of former white house chef walter schreib has been ruled an accident. officials say the 61-year-old drowned in a stream in new mexico. he had been missing for more than a week after going hiking alone in the mountains. he served under presidents clinton and bush. a terrifying motorcycle crash caught on camera with the rider basally escaping alive. jesse lopez was driving along a road in southern california when you went around a blind curve right into the path of an oncoming fire truck. he broke several bones but did not suffer any permanent injuries. that video is terrifying. time for the news nation gut check. we're waiting for president obama in the next half hour to announce a major change in u.s. policy concerning americans captured overseas. now, the president just signed an executive order. the government will stop threatening to prosecute families of hostages for paying ransom for the release of loved ones. the shift comes largely in response to criticism from families of americans held hostage and later killed by isis in the past year. so what does your gut tell you, do you agree to the changes to the obama administration's hostage policy? go to newsnation.msnbc.com to vote. that does it for this edition of "news nation." i'm tamron hall. up next "andrea mitchell reports." ♪ ♪ time upon a once people approached problems the way same. always start at the starting. and questions the same asking. but that only resulted in improvements small. so we step a took back and problems turned these inside-up-down to approach them newly. and that's when we it saw. garbage can create energy. light can talk. countries can run on jet engine technology. when you look at problems in ways different you new solutions find. ♪ ♪ ♪ kraft barbecue sauce's new recipe is made with sweet molasses, cane sugar and no high fructose corn syrup. that's not how most leading barbecue sauces do it. but that's how it's done at kraft. if you have moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis like me... and you're talking to a rheumatologist about a biologic this is humira. this is humira helping to relieve my pain and protect my joints from further damage. this is humira helping me reach for more. doctors have been prescribing humira for more than 10 years. humira works for many adults. it targets and helps to block a specific source of inflammation that contrubutes to ra symptoms. humira can lower your ability to fight infections, including tuberculosis. serious, sometimes fatal infections and cancers including lymphoma have happened, as have blood liver and nervous system problems, serious allergic reactions and new or worsening heart failure. before treatment get tested for tb. tell your doctor if you've been to areas where certain fungal infections are common, and if you've had tb hepatitis b, are prone to infections, or have flu-like symptoms or sores. don't start humira if you have an infection. talk to your doctor and visit humira.com this is humira at work. right now on "andrea mitchell reports" policy shift. this hour the president will announce a new policy permitting families to pay ransom to terrorists if their sons and daughters are being held hostage. does it go far enough or too far? sentencing day for the boston marathon bomber. right now the victims of the boston bombing are speaking in that boston federal courthouse. we could hear from dzhokhar tsarnaev himself for the first time at any moment. coming down in south carolina, will the confederate battle flag continue to fly on state capitol grounds? and this hour a horse-drawn caisson will bring the body of senator cle menmentea pinckney to the capitol to lie in repose. we are following a lot of breaking news today. at any moment the new york state police are planning to update their search for the two convicted killers, richard matt and david sweat. the manhunt has picked up intensity in the past day after the convicts' dna was found, both of them, in a hunters' cabin. under pressure from south carolina's governor south carolina's lawmakers have agreed to start debating whether to take down the confederate flag from their capitol grounds. this as they prepare to honor senator clementea pinckney kimd in last week's massacre one of the nine. his body
the flag to lie to repose in the state house. alabama's governor took down the confederate flag from that state capitol grounds and terry mcauliffe has called for the state flag to be removed from all license plates. governor welcome. you've taken dramatic action under your authority, the license plate. >> i announced yesterday that i want the confederate flag removed from every license plate in virginia. yesterday it was taken down from the dmv site. you can no longer get those from the state. i've begun the process today to reach out to the folks from the sons of the confederacy to tell me two or three weeks to redesign their plate without the battle flag on it. we will move forward and recall every license plate at no cost and give a virginia resident a new license plate. so 90 to 120 days on the outside there will be not the battle flag on any virginia license plate. >> do we know how many cars? >> about 2,000 license plates right now. there were some folks in the queue to buy new plates yesterday and they have been informed that they can not purchase those plates. >> and the distribution process, is this going to be a backlog? is there going to be -- >> we'll move very quickly on it. we'll reach out. obviously we have all the information. we will inform them that the license plate that they presently have is no longer a valid license plate in the commonwealth of virginia and they'll have a chance to get the new one without the battle flag on it and/or they can pick another plate and we'll do it at no cost to them and replace that plate. listen, it was an unnecessary distraction. it was hurtful to have the confederate flag on these license plates. i spent all my time trying to build the new virginia economy. i've spent 17 months fighting on women's rights and leading on lgbt issues. open and welcoming to everyone. i don't want things out there, distraction or hurtful to people. we can't. we have to act together to build a new economy. >> as you speak, we're watching a split screen with the caisson with the body of the state senator, the late reverend clen may -- clementa pinckney going through the streets to the capitol where he will be lying in repose. you've watched politics for a long time you're former democratic party chair, former chairman of the hillary clinton campaign. i want to play something that you may or may not have seen. it was state senator paul thurman, the son of senator strom thurmond who became a republican in 1948 walked out of the convention. on the issue of segregation and later had change of heart. but this was paul thurmond speaking about the very point you're making about the confederacy and what it means and what the flag means at the state capitol yesterday. >> for the life of me i will never understand how anyone could fight a civil war based in part on the desire to continue the practice of slavery. our ancestors were literally fighting to continue to keep human beings as slaves and continue the unimaginable acts that occur when someone is held against their will. i am not proud of this heritage. >> he's speaking about his own family's heritage there, and saying he's not proud of it. he's not defending it and saying we have to move on he's saying something very dramatically different. what about statues, monuments and other memorabilia around the state, around virginia. >> let's be honest we're in a very unique situation. we were the capital of the confederacy. we just spent an another week back the 150th anniversary of the ending of the civil war. i have said i am sticking just with the license plates because i do think that is a message that is so hurtful, that flag to folks, but not statues. robert e. lee, jefferson, davis, these are all parts of our heritage. the people that were in that battle the civil war, many of them were in it obviously for their own reasons that they have for that but leave the statues and those things alone. i'm glad that after we acted yesterday, andrea they then went to the other southern governors and began asking the questions, what about the license plate. i think five or maybe even six, alabama just announced they're going to take it down as well off of their license plates. i know the governor of maryland yesterday indicated that north carolina, tennessee. there's just no place for it today. we have to all work together. we have to build, as i say, the new economy. you can't do it with divisive symbols and words. we need to move past it. i'm hoping after that horrible tragedy at the emanuel ame church, i've fought hard i've tried to get comprehensive gun restrictions that make common sense. we ought to have background checks. andrea i own three guns i'm a hunter, i take my boys hunting. but everybody should go through a background check. there are certain individuals that should not own guns and i join the president in calling, let's do some common sense things to keep our communities safe. >> governor terry mcauliffe it's such a pleasure to see you. thank you very much. >> thank you. >> and we will stay on this. it's great to have you. we're going to go now to a news conference in upstate new york and this is the major charles guess from the state police. >> in addition although no evidence exists that the ecape y -- escapees are in the town of malone our current search area is approximately 75 square miles within franklin county. more than 1,000 federal, state and law enforcement members are involved in the search area and our collaborative effort with our partners will continue until the inmates are captured. we continue to aggressively pursue leads in this case. we developed more than 2200 leads as of today and more continue to come in. we appreciate the public's assistance during our investigation, and we ask them to continue to call 911 if anything suspicious is noted in their property in their digital recordings, in their trail cameras at any time. we've received reported sightings each day, and we have investigated every one. so far none of the sightings have been substantiated, but we will continue to ensure to the public that every sighting or lead that is reported will be investigated until exhausted. we have dozens of experienced investigators who are tracking each lead and we are benefitting from the experience of our state, local and federal partners. this remains very much a team effort. again, we ask the public to remain alert, take necessary safety precautions and remain vigilant about reporting anything that is out of the ordinary. we want to thank all of our law enforcement partners at a state, local and federal level for their collaboration. the resources, expertise and experience they provide are invaluable to our investigation. this search has not been without its challenges. i would like to introduce captain john strife from the forest rangers who can detail what our teams have been up against over the past few weeks. captain strife. >> good afternoon. the park is the largest wilderness area east of the mississippi river. searchers have had to work in an environment which presents specific challenges due to remoteness terrain, vegetation and ever-changing weather conditions. this areas contains mountains, hills andra veens that range from gentle to very steep. much of the land is timberlands. the vegetation is a dense combination of trees, saplings and brush. rivers, streams, ponds and large wetlands are also present. the wetlands are challenging with water, thick bogs and dense vegetation. searchers are methodically moving through an environment where it's not only difficult to navigate but the distance you can see ahead of you is only a few feet or less. the road system in this area is mainly secondary, which slows down motor vehicle movement. there are hundreds of seasonal camps and second homes throughout the area. we continue to check these camps and secure them as we identify them. however, we are also asking camp owners to report any suspicious activity or signs of trespass. searchers are exposed to large amounts of rain and biting insects. it should be pointed out that the remoteness of the area and the conditions i have described are the very reason the clinton county correctional facility was built in dannemora more than 100 years ago. thank you. >> all right. we'll take a few questions at this time. n [ inaudible question ] >> do you believe one of them is injured? >> there were numerous items recovered from the cabin. although i can't specify what those items were we have no definitive information that someone was injured. a bloody sock could mean someone had a blister. i'm hoping for the best. in ig that would impede their progress and aid the searchers would be a good for us. >> as a follow-up, are you concerned about the amount of time that elapsed between the report of the men being there and the time that the officers actually arrived and were able to confirm that they were there? >> time is always a concern. it generally works against the police in the immediate response but it works typically for law enforcement long term as we begin to coalesce around the search area bring in more partners. what you're seeing here is the face of relentless pursuit. we're going to be relentless until we capture these people. bottom line is we don't want them to have a restful, peaceful night putting their head on any pillow. whether it ends here today in owls head or an undetermined amount of time going forward, we will resolve this case capture and return to the prison. >> major, do you believe they were in that cabin? and if so, how far away do you conceivably believe they could be from there right now? >> we have every reason to believe that they were at the point last seen where that cabin is. their distance from that cabin could be extensive if their travel was unimpeded. but as you heard captain strife say, it's a very remote difficult terrain to work in. we had units in the area almost immediately and we're doing everything we can to keep them hunkered down and secure until we can capture them. >> in a follow-up to that how many miles a way can someone make it on foot? >> again, that depends on the terrain, geography and environmental conditions. you could easily cover 10 miles a day if you're unimpeded on an atv trail or a high-speed avenue of egress. >> did they steal a shotgun from the cabin? >> what makes me think they're not together? i have to prepare for both eventualities. we plan and have been investigating since day one for both possibilities, that they either split up or they remain together as a team. obviously they committed the escape as a team. working together as a team has certain plusses. separating also has certain advantages when you're trying to elude capture, but we're working on both. >> is there a shotgun missing from the cabin, major? and also did any of the corrections officers who had access to that cabin that was broken into in the owls head area have any interaction with matt or sweat at the prison? >> i won't comment on the last part about the interaction with the corrections officers. regarding the shotgun, there are reports made that a shotgun is missing. i do not have confirmatory evidence that a shotgun is missing. just about every cabin or outbuilding in the north country has one or more shotguns or weapons and we have since day one operated under the belief these men are armed. they're extremely dangerous, they're cunning. why wouldn't they try to arm themself after escape. >> wouldn't all the people who have access to that cabin know how many guns they own and be able to tell you whether they have all the guns now? >> logic would dictate that but they put an inordinate amount of weapons and ammunition and other tools in these shared seasonal hunting camps and cabins. you would think that they'd have some sort of an inventory, but our investigation has led us to conclude that in fact a number of people cycle through these camps and cabins and they do not have a definitive number of weapons so they cannot tell us what's missing and what's not. >> major, do you have any reason to believe that the inmates slipped through the perimeter that's set up? anything that leads you to believe that? >> that's entirely possible. perimeter is a very definitive term that i have not used unless i've used air quotes. by that i mean with this 75-mile square area and us being generous, that's the primary search area they could have made it out before law enforcement could have encircled them. the fact of the matter is we are not limiting our investigation to owls head. we're continuing to look nationwide and we have all the assets at our disposal. u.s. marshals fbi and others to take this thing nationwide and around the world if necessary. >> last question. >> is it becoming more clear or any evidence surfaced that they had help in getting out or are there more characters involved? >> we're continuing to develop on that particular aspect of the investigation daily, sometimes hourly. what we know for sure is na joyce mitchell who's been arrested and charged, assisted them. and our investigators, all investigators are exploring what other further leads or collaborative efforts could have used to aid them in their escape. [ inaudible question ] >> we've already talked with interpol and the provincial police up there. our customs and border folks are adeptly integrated with them and our federal partners standing behind me are ready for that eventuality. looking to canada and i mean looking in canada and not searching. >> major you said there were no substantiated sites but -- >> and what we just heard from major charles guess of the state police is no confirmation on a hunting rifle being missing from that hunting cabin. said that a bloody -- reports of a bloody sock from one of the prisoners could mean anything. it could mean a blister, it doesn't necessarily mean an injury. and did not confirm the hunting boots or the boots that were left in the cabin that have also been reported. joining me now from santa fe is retired fbi profiler candice delong. candice, he said a 10-square mile search. talk to me about what the challenge is and whether you feel they are still closing in on the best possible leads. i should say 75-square miles. >> they definitely are closing in on the best possible lead. in fact this is probably the first really substantial lead that's come up in the last 19 days is finding -- finding out exactly where they were and being able to confirm it. the greatest challenge, and i've been in that area is the intense foliage, the coverage. they are not going to be easily spotted, probably can't be easily spotted from the air. so then we're looking at dogs search dogs and human power, finding them. tremendous amount. dogs are probably being brought in from all over the country as well as support law enforcement to help them do this job. i'm encouraged. >> candice, when we talk about the foliage, this means that drones and other night vision techniques helicopters would not be that helpful, so it really is -- when they say they could be covering 10 miles a day and i should correct myself it's a 75 square mile area that they're looking in what does this tell you about the possibility that they can close off the area with all those hunting cabins empty hunting cabins because the season doesn't begin until the fall and not have a real danger to other civilians in the region? >> well it's a monumental task. 75 square miles, that's a lot of land to cover. there's a lot of cabins up there. it's immense. it's going to take a while. the most helpful thing will be if the bad guys make a mistake. they already have. let's hope they make another one. >> and i wanted to ask you briefly about the reports that we have confirmed, that joyce mitchell smuggled in the hacksaw and the other tools in raw hamburger meat to the prisoners. we had talked earlier about the security there but there's a lot of evidence now that packages weren't searched that people who were employees were able to go in and out, that they didn't have camera surveillance up on the towers so that the manhole cover wasn't covered. what about the sort of sloppiness here at this prison? >> well it's not looking good for them is it? it's a huge facility tremendous amount of employees. and like any other workplace, andrea sometimes things get lax, they get overlooked. the interaction that goes on between inmates and employees frequently is not as secure as one would think it would be. oftentimes hollywood, tv and movies present environments that are vastly different than what we're seeing here in clinton. and clinton is not so unlike others. and what i mean by that is inmates can come and go sometimes more freely than we believe they can, and they can interact with employees of the prison more freely than we see it presented in the media. and in any workplace, things can happen. rules are broken regulations are not maintained. >> thank you very much. again, candice delong former fbi profiler, for being with us at that. and now to boston. a judge there sentencing dzhokhar tsarnaev to death for killing four people in 2013 during that horrendous attack on the boston marathon and in the manhunt that followed. survivors and victims' loved ones have been speaking out in court all morning at the sentencing day. the hearing, addressing the man who two years ago forever changed their lives. the big question is will tsarnaev speak before he is sentenced. ron mott joins me from outside the court house in boston. ron, bring us up to date. >> reporter: it's a beautiful day here in boston a lot of emotion pouring out in that courtroom. there's no real drama with the sentence itself. we all know he's been sentenced to death. the question is whether he's going to speak. after all of their victims finish their statements, we're expecting there will be some procedural things the court will have to handle and the government will have five or six minutes to sum up and wrap up its case for the people of the united states and the judge will offer dzhokhar tsarnaev a chance to speak. a lot of analysts following this case don't see a lot of upside for him to speak. however, his body language suggests that he's not fully engaged with some of the victims who have presented in front of the court today. he did turn and look at a number of them. i think you've got some sketches. you can tell he's now grown his beard out. he was essentially wearing a goatee throughout most of the trial and his hair is considerably longer. some of these victims are talking about some really deep emotional scars that they have been living with including two people who were running the marathon two years ago. both have suffered hearing losses. both are suffering from ptsd. one of them is a medical doctor who lives down in alabama. he says it has affected his medical practice. he says he can't even use a stethoscope because of his hearing loss. the hearing loss apparently is permanent for him. he says a lot of people look at him and he looks whole from the outside, but there's a lot of pain and suffering that he has, emotional pain and suffering he's going through on a daily basis. so a lot of folks getting up. some not addressing dzhokhar tsarnaev. one witness said to the judge, sir, this defendant is already dead. andrea. >> ron mott thank you so much from boston. and now we have live pictures from the south carolina state capitol where that horse-drawn caisson has just brought the body of state senator and reverend clementa pinckney to the state house where his remains will lie in repose. as you can see, there's a gathering there outside. another brilliant and very hot day in the state capital. in south carolina. and just moments from now we should point out we'll be hearing from president obama. he's expected to officially announce what the white house is calling a new policy in the way american hostage families can deal with terrorists who are holding their loved ones. the president's comments will be live from the white house coming up next and we'll also have more from south carolina as we see the ceremony -- the ceremonial arrival of the late state senator, reverend clementa pinckney who led the mother emanuel ame church in prayer on that fateful day. we'll be back in a moment. ♪ [music] ♪ defiance is in our bones. new citracal pearls. delicious berries and cream. soft, chewable, calcium plus vitamin d. only from citracal. the real question that needs to be asked is "what is it that we can do that is impactful?" what the cloud enables is computing to empower cancer researchers. it used to take two weeks to sequence and analyze a genome; with the microsoft cloud we can analyze 100 per day. whatever i can do to help compute a cure for cancer, that's what i'd like to do. when a moment spontaneously turns romantic why pause to take a pill? and why stop what you're doing to find a bathroom? with cialis for daily use, you don't have to plan around either. it's the only daily tablet approved to treat erectile dysfunction so you can be ready anytime the moment is right. plus cialis treats the frustrating urinary symptoms of bph, like needing to 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governor did on a moment's notice today. tell me about the moment just now where the state troopers were carrying that casket inside. >> reporter: well, andrea it was a very solemn moment. we were standing out here on the street and the midday crowd has gathered. there are a lot of people here who have come out of the state capitol, out of the offices and businesses here on the main street to watch this procession go by. there's going to be several hours now of public viewing until 5:00 this evening where people can go in and pass by the body and pay their respects. also i understand a number of senator pinckney's colleagues are lining up to stand near the body as well so as it's been described his body will not be alone while it is in the capitol. yes, you're right, here out front the flag is still flying. you can see behind me there kind of limp in the breeze it's very hot and humid out here today. the governor has said that it's not within her power to remove it it takes an act of the legislature, but there have been some who have been point out a small part of the law, the heritage law, that governs the flag and other things here that gives her apparently the option to remove the flag so that it can be repaired or so that maintenance can be performed on it. there have been a number of representatives who have been saying that the flag does look like it needs a little bit of repair. but the governor has not exercised that option this morning as of yet. we're still standing by to see if she does. it's such a politically charged and emotional issue that it seems that at this point nothing is going to happen because the moment is now when you would want the flag most removed because the pastor's body is there literally several hundred yards from the flag. but we don't know that you can see it. the rotunda is underneath there. there's a window and it appears to be blocked at this point so visually you cannot see from the rotunda out to the flag. but of course we saw the flag flying as the body went by. andrea. >> thanks so much ron allen. and meanwhile at the white house, president obama is about to announce what the white house claims is a change in policy permitting the families of americans held hostage by terror groups to pay ransom privately without fear of prosecution. reuters and others are reporting there has been a long-standing presidential exemption preventing such payments. phil balboni worked closely with the family of james foley during his capture prior to his beheading. the president is now coming out. if you can stand by with me fim, we'll listen and talk on the other side. >> since 9/11 more than 80 americans have been taken hostage by murderous groups engauges in terrorism or privacy. for these innocent men and women, tourists journalists, humanitarians, it's a horror. and cruelty beyond description. for their families and for their friends, it's an unrelenting nightmare that the rest of us cannot even begin to imagine. as a government we should always do everything in our power to bring these americans home safe and to support their families. dedicated public servants across our government work tirelessly to do so. our military personnel risk their lives in dangerous missions, such as the operation i authorized last year that attempted to rescue americans held in syria and yemen. and there have been successes, such as the rescue of captain richard phillips held by somali pirates, and jessica buchanan rescued from somalia. of these more than 80 americans taken hostage since 9/11 more than half have ultimately come home. some after many years. tragically too many others have not. and at this very moment americans continue to be held by terrorist groups or detained unjustly by foreign governments. for them the nightmare goes on and so does our work day and night, to reunite them with their loved ones. as i've said before the terrorist threat is evolving. the world has been appalled by isil's barbaric murder of innocent hostages including americans. moreover, the families of hostages have told us and they have told me directly that their frequent frustrations in dealing with their own government. how different departments and agencies aren't always coordinated, how there's been confusion and conflicting information about what the government is prepared to do to help how they have often felt lost in the bureaucracy and how in some cases families feel that they have been threatened for exploring certain options to bring their loved ones home. that's totally unacceptable. as i have gotten to know some of these families and heard some of these stories, it has been my solemn commitment to make sure that they feel fully supported in their efforts to get their families home and that there is a synching up of what i know to be sincere, relentless efforts within government and the families who obviously have one priority and one priority only and that's getting their loved ones back. these families have already suffered enough and they should never feel ignored or victimized by their own government. diane foley, whose son, jim, was killed last year said as americans we can do better. i totally agree. we must do better. and that's why i ordered a comprehensive review of our hostage policy. i want to thank everybody who contributed to this review inside and outside of government. some of whom are here today. i especially want to thank the former hostages and families who contributed. i've come to know some of these families, often under the most heart-breaking of circumstances. when her son peter, also known as abdul raman was being held in syria, his mother wrote me a letter. in it she described how on clear nights she and her husband would look up at the stars and the moon and wonder if perhaps their son might be able to see them too, a reminder of the bond they might still share. i've called these families to offer our condolences after they have received gut-wrenching news no parent has wanted to hear. i've visited with them i've hugged them i've grieved with them. i just spent time with some of the families as well as some former hostages here at the white house. needless to say it was a very emotional meeting. some are still grieving. i thank them for sharing their experiences and their ideas with our review team. in fact many of the changes we're announcing today are a direct result of their recommendations. i acknowledged to them in private what i want to say publicly, that it is true that there have been times when our government regardless of good intentions has let them down. i promised them that we can do better. here's how. today i'm formally issuing a new presidential policy directive to improve how we work to bring home american hostages and how we support their families. i've signed a new executive order to ensure our government is organized to do so. and we're releasing the final report of our review which describes the two dozen specific steps that we're taking. broadly speaking, they fall into three areas. first, i'm updating our hostage policy. i'm making it clear that our top priority is the safe and rapid recovery of american hostages. to do so we will use all elements of our national power. i am reaffirming that the united states government will not make concessions, such as paying ransom, to terrorist groups holding american hostages. i know this can be the subject of significant public debate. it's a difficult and emotional issue, especially for the families. as i said to the families who are gathered here today and as i've said to families in the past, i look at this not just as a president but also as a husband and a father. and if my family were at risk obviously i would move heaven and earth to get those loved ones back. as president, i also have to consider our larger national security. i firmly believe that the united states government paying ransom to terrorists risks endangering more americans and funding the very terrorism that we're trying to stop and so i firmly believe that our policy ultimately puts fewer americans at risk. at the same time, we are clarifying that our policy does not prevent communication with hostage takers by our government, the families of hostages or third parties who help these families. and when appropriate, our government may assist these families and private efforts in those communications. in part to ensure the safety of the family members and to make sure they're not defrauded. so my message to these families was simple. we're not going to abandon you, we will stand by you. second, we're making changes to ensure that our government is better organized around this mission. every department that is involved in our national security apparatus cares deeply about these hostages prioritizes them and works really hard. but they're not always as well coordinated as they need to be. under the national security council here at the white house, we're setting up a new hostage response group, comprised of senior officials from across our government who will be responsible for ensuring that our hostage policies are consistent and coordinated and implemented rapidly and effectively. and they will be accountable at the highest levels. they will be accountable to me. soon i'll be designating as well a senior diplomat as my special presidential envoy for hostage affairs, who will be focused solely on leading our diplomatic efforts with other countries to bring our people home. at the operational level we're creating for the first time one central hub where experts from across government will work together side by side as one coordinated team to find american hostages and bring them home safely. this fusion cell at the fbi is already up and running and we're designating a new official in the intelligence community to be responsible for coordinating the collection analysis and rapid dissemination of intelligence related to american hostages so we can act on that intelligence quickly. third, and running through all these efforts, we are fundamentally changing how our government works with families of hostages. many of the families told us that they at times felt like an afterthought or a distraction. that too often the law enforcement or military and intelligence officials they were interacting with were begrudging in giving them information. and that ends today. i'm making it enclosure that these families are to be treated like what they are, our trusted partners and active partners in the recovery of their loved ones. we are all on the same team and nobody cares more about bringing home these americans than their own families. and we have to treat them as partners. so specifically our new fusion cell will include a person dedicated to coordinating the support families get from the government. this coordinator will ensure that we communicate with families better with one clear voice, and that families get information that is timely and accurate. working with the intelligence community, we will be sharing more intelligence with families. this coordinator will be the family's voice within government making sure when decisions are made about their loved ones their concerns are front and center. everyone who deals with these families on a regular basis will be given additional training to ensure families are treated with the dignity and compassion that they deserve. in particular i want to point out that no family of an american hostage has ever been prosecuted for paying a ransom for the return of their loved ones. the last thing that we should ever do is to add to a family's pain with threats like that. so the bottom line is this. when it comes to how our government works to recover americans held hostage and how we work with their families we are changing how we do business. after everything they have endured, these families are right to be skeptical and that's why it's so important, as i told them today, that we will be setting up mechanisms to ensure accountability and implementation. i directed my national security team to report back to me including getting feedback from the families to make sure that these reforms are being put in place and that they are working. in the course of our review several families told us they wanted to spare other families the frustrations they endured. some have even recrated new organizations to support families like theirs such as the moral obligation of steven sotloff. everyone has two lives, the second one begins when you realize you only have one. as a government and as a nation we can learn from the example and the strength of their lives, the kind of strength we've seen in all these held hostages including kayla mueller. kayla devoted her life to serving those in need around the world, to refugees in syria who had lost everything. she was a source of comfort and hope. before her tragic death she was held by isil in syria for a year and a half. during her captivity, kayla managed to smuggle a letter to her family. she said none of us could have known it would be this long but i know i'm also fighting for my side in the ways that i am able and i have a lot of fight left in me. i'm not breaking down and i will not give in no matter how long it takes. today my message to anyone who harms americans is that we do not forget. our reach is long. justice will be done. my message over toy american being held unjustly around the world who is fighting from the inside to survive another day, my message to their families who long to hold them once more is that the united states of america will never stop working to reunite you with your family. we will not give up no matter how long it takes. thank you very much, everybody. and as the president leaves the roosevelt room after announcing the new policy phil balboni is back with us. phil, as the president was coming in and announcing this i was thinking of what you went through for a year at least trying to find james foley for his family. he had worked as a free lancer for global post. does this fix the problem or does it not go far enough as far as you're concerned? >> well thank you, andrea. i must say i was very impressed with what the president had to say. i think it's very comprehensive. i think he was eloquent and very sincere in expressing his regret about what happened in 2014. as i think back over those 20 months of searching for jim and when we finally found him and negotiating with the kidnappers for his return and how little the government told us almost nothing during that period of time. us or john and diane foley. much of what the president has laid out today would correct many of the problems and difficulties that we face. i would say this one area and it's the most controversial that is left unaddressed, and that is the question of how these enormous sums are paid by families. in the case of jim, the demand was 100 million euros. we didn't believe that was serious amount of money. as you know the european hostages, the 15 of them were ransomed for somewhere between $3 and $5 million each. but that's a great deal of money for any -- any person to raise. and while i respect the president's continued commitment that the united states government should not directly pay a ransom it leaves the only realistic vehicle, which is to negotiate for the release by the payment of some compensation it leaves that burden squarely on the family. and that is a problem that, god forbid if we ever get into that situation will remain. but overall i thought the president's announcement today was very impressive and very comprehensive. >> you received an encrypted e-mail or you and the family received encrypted emails back in 2013 from the captors. how do you go about that were you trying to get other individuals to put up the money? >> the e-mails came in clear, they were not encrypted. our e-mails back to them also were not encrypted. they made it clear that they would be likely to detect any tampering with the e-mails. the reason we know -- we knew that they were holding jim is because of the proof of life questions, which they allowed us to ask, and which were all answered correctly. we knew that it was only possible that jim himself could have answered those questions. >> phil balboni, thank you so much. to be continued, this is just the beginning of the conversation, which is now out in the public sector. thank you. joining me now is maryland senator ben carden who's introduced a bipartisan bill calling for a coordinator to the interagency fusion cell created in the fbi by the white house. you of course worked so hard on the foreign service officer weinstein from maryland one of your constituents who was killed in pakistan. let's talk about what the president announced. does it go far enough as far as having a single one-stop shopping that these families can rely upon? >> andrea first of all, i think the president's message is going to be very well received by the families, very well received by all americans, that our country is going to do everything we can to bring americans home safely that we will have a coordinated effort, that there will be a much closer working relationship with the families involved. so i thought his message was the right message. i think the reforms that he was suggesting and coordinations with the different agencies is needed so i support all that. i would go one step further and the legislation i filed goes one step further and that is i think there should be a single point person in the executive branch that coordinates the efforts and the family has access to that individual so they can get the best information. and that was one of the criticisms that we received from the families when we've had this episode in maryland. so i would just compliment the president. i think what he's doing is extremely important. i think the message is right on target, but i would hope that we would have a single point person that would be responsible to coordinate the efforts and to deal with the families. >> and i want to also ask you about a new overnight development, which is allegations from france the president and others speaking out very strongly calling the american ambassador, jane hartley, in to complain that they have evidence from wikileaks that the united states has been spying eavesdropping on three successive french presidents, including president hollande. we're told by the white house that president obama has now called president hollande today to explain they are not spying. i don't know whether you and others in the foreign relations committee want to delve into this. >> i have no information on this. i will say, though we need to take up cyber security and cyber protocol in the congress of the united states. i am hopeful that's going to be the next major issue on the floor of the united states senate. we have just gone through a briefing on the breach of our cyber information in the federal workforce by opm. we are extremely engaged not just on protecting americans from the invasion of cyber attacks but developing international protocols as to what is permissible and what is not. clearly working with our allies such as france we have to have a confident relationship. as i said i have no specific information on those issues. >> senator, there are reports that as many as 18 million americans, current former and unhired federal employees may have been compromised because they filled out that security form. >> this is extremely troubling to me and to all the members of the congress. we will not tolerate that type of vulnerability for our federal workforce for americans. this one went over a long period of time. we are still trying to understand people are still being notified whose information has been compromised. this has really put our nation at risk and put a lot of individuals at risk. it cannot be tolerated. >> senator ben cardin of maryland, thank you very much. >> thank you. and joining me now is nbc senior white house correspondent chris jansing, who was in the roosevelt room for that announcement. there's a lot on their plate. chris, i think just yesterday josh earnest said that he was one of those that was notified that his security -- his social security numbers and all the rest were compromised. he's among the millions. >> reporter: i'm sorry, andrea, i missed the top of that. there was a siren going by. >> we know about the north lawn. just yesterday on the subject of the cyber hacking, josh earnest said to you all in the briefing room that he was among those that was notified that he was one of those whose identities was compromised. >> reporter: that's right. and we have heard before from members here obviously across the administration that that was the case. always sort of adding to that when he makes that statement that nothing was compromised that was of a national security nature, nothing of a classified nature, but i think it obviously does point, andrea to the ongoing concern here about basically the vulnerabilities that exist and continue to be a threat here and the source of a lot of concern. >> and we'll continue to follow your reporting all day, of course, on the hostage policy change and other developments at the white house today. thanks so much for hustling out there, chris jansing, at the white house. and coming up another republican jumping into the race today. will number 13 be a lucky charm? ugh! heartburn! no one burns on my watch! try alka-seltzer heartburn reliefchews. they work fast and don't taste chalky. mmm...amazing. i have heartburn. alka-seltzer heartburn reliefchews. enjoy the relief. head & shoulders with old spice. america's number one male dandruff brand. keeping you 100% flake-free. guaranteed. while smelling 100% handsome. take a whiff. head & shoulders with old spice. more breaking news on a political front. bobby jindal makes it 13. the governor of louisiana previewed his big announcement this afternoon by posting a link to his presidential campaign website and tweeting just moments ago, i am running for president of the united states of america. "the washington post" ann geran joins me now. now there are 13 up against hillary clinton and of course martin o'malley and bernie sanders on the other side but hillary clinton with a dominating the field. so bobby jindal where does he carve out some space? >> bobby jindal is really interesting. he is very very conservative. he has sort of impeccable conservative decree den shal credentials. there are about 20 now who are either in or likely to get in or around the periphery. that's a lot to keep track of. but he -- you know obviously because of his own personal story because of who he is occupies a different space in the republican field this time. there's no one else who looks like him, there's no one else who's going to have the same kind of immigrant -- second generation immigrant story that he has. >> anne gearan on top of all things. thank you very much. >> thank you. >> and that does it for this very busy edition of "andrea mitchell reports." thanks for being with us. on the show tomorrow the secretary of energy. and remember to follow us online on facebook and twitter @mitchell reports. thomas roberts is up next. that little blue thingy. you see it? that's a sensor. using ge software, the light can react to its environment- getting brighter only when it's needed. in a night it saves a little energy. but, in a year it saves a lot. and the other street? it's been burning energy all night. for frank. frank's a cat. now, two things that are exactly the same have never been more different. ge software. get connected. get insights. get optimized. ♪ ♪ (vo) you can pass down a subaru forester. 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(vo) but you get to keep the memories. love. it's what makes a subaru a subaru. across america, people are taking charge of their type 2 diabetes... ...with non-insulin victoza. for a while, i took a pill to lower my blood sugar but it didn't get me to my goal. so i asked my doctor about victoza. he said victoza works differently than pills and comes in a pen. victoza is proven to lower blood sugar and a1c. it's taken once a day, any time. and the needle is thin. victoza is not for weight loss but it may help you lose some weight. victoza is an injectable prescription medicine that may improve blood sugar in adults with type 2 diabetes when used with diet and exercise. it is not recommended as the first medication to treat diabetes and should not be used in people with type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis. victoza has not been studied with mealtime insulin. victoza is not insulin. do not take victoza if you have a personal or family history of medullary thyroid cancer multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2, or if you are allergic to victoza or any of its ingredients. symptoms of a serious allergic reaction may include swelling of face lips, tongue or throat fainting or dizziness, very rapid heartbeat problems breathing or swallowing, severe rash or itching. tell your doctor if you get a lump or swelling in your neck. serious side effects may happen in people who take victoza including inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis) which may be fatal. stop taking victoza and call your doctor right away if you have signs of pancreatitis, such as severe pain that will not go away in your abdomen or from your abdomen to your back with or without vomiting. tell your doctor about all the medicines you take and if you have any medical conditions. taking victoza with a sulfonylurea or insulin may cause low blood sugar. the most common side effects are nausea, diarrhea, and headache. some side effects can lead to dehydration, which may cause kidney problems. if your pill isn't giving you the control you need... ask your doctor about non-insulin victoza. it's covered by most health plans. i'm frances rivera and thomas roberts is off today. we have a very busy two hours ahead. we're following the emotional scene happening inside a boston courtroom. it is the official sentencing day for dzhokhar tsarnaev. a federal jury already convicted tsarnaev and condemned him to death but today victims and their families get their chance to have their say directly to the man responsible for killing three people and injuring more than 250 others. there are no cameras in the courtroom, but our producer inside has been providing us with minute-by-minute updates. one victim called tsarnaev a coward and a liar. the other described the last two years as hell waking up screaming from nightmares. and the final witness, re deckbecca gregory ended with this. quote, we are boston strong and america strong. choosing to mess with us is a bad idea. how is that for your victim impact statement. tsarnaev has a chance to speak and that hasn't happened yet but we'll have the details as soon as it does. we'll have a live report in just a few minutes. just moments ago president obama announced some major changes to how the u.s. handles american hostages held abroad. the president ordered the review late last year