first. so they first created mutations which means changing the genes and then they selected the most the fittest ones and this is called directed evolution directed evolution all sounds very fascinating but there's three winners here and i want to start with francis old what exactly did she do so she worked with enzymes that's also pratinas which can and which can cause chemical reactions what she did was enzyme engineering and i've actually always said that today in today's life to create new materials and new chemicals which we need for everyday life we can't stick to traditional chemistry but we need to to use the tool kit of. nature and of evolution so that's what she did she took small enzymes she created. random mutation and. then kind of.