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‘What is Your Name?’ ‘Azad!’ Remembering Chandrashekhar Azad(1906–1931)
The revolutionary freedom fighter Chandrashekhar Azad is usually remembered only by the famous photograph in which he is twirling his moustache bare-chested, and wearing a janeu ritual thread, a symbol of masculine nationalism.
Deeper research into his life and political career reveals not only the truth behind this photograph but the progressive political ideas of Azad, who led the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association, a revolutionary socialist organisation founded by Bhagat Singh and others in September 1928.
Unlike Bhagat Singh, Chandra Shekhar Tiwari was born in a very poor family of workers (people who sell their labour power for wages). His father Sitaram Tiwari was a gardener, and his mother Jagrani Devi a homemaker. They had migrated from the district of Unnao in central UP to Jhabua, Madhya Pradesh where the boy who would become Azad was born on July 23, 1906.