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and that's one reason why it is so dark there. the mountain on the island stops most of the light from the mainland, and the biggest source of light pollution comes from dublin, which is 70 miles away across the irish sea. there are some dark sky places and parks already, but what's special about this is that it's a sanctuary which is even darker and i think it would be very beneficial for wales if we're renowned for our dark skies because it's a small, remote community. it's good that the eyes of everybody in wales and the world will be on ynys enli. essentially, evidence suggests there were people living on the island, also known as bardsey, as far back as the 6th century. what they saw at night is probably still quite similar to what we see today. the aim of the sanctuary status is to protect that for future generations. only a few people live on enli now and visitors are only allowed between march and october. it's hoped that this new status will help protect as well
IslandReasonMostLight-pollutionSourceLightMainlandMountainDublinIrish-seaOne70Indigenous Australians experience poorer health than non-Indigenous Australians, with cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) being the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Built environmental (BE) features are known to shape cardiometabolic health in urban contexts, yet little research has assessed such relationships for remote-dwelling Indigenous Australians. This study assessed associations between BE features and CMD-related morbidity and mortality in a large sample of remote Indigenous Australian communities in the Northern Territory (NT). CMD-related morbidity and mortality data were extracted from NT government health databases for 120 remote Indigenous Australian communities for the period 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2015. BE features were extracted from Serviced Land Availability Programme (SLAP) maps. Associations were estimated using negative binomial regression analysis. Univariable analysis revealed protective effects on all-cause mortality for the BE features of Education, Health, Disused Buildings, and Oval, and on CMD-related emergency department admissions for the BE feature Accommodation. Incidence rate ratios (IRR’s) were greater, however, for the BE features Infrastructure Transport and Infrastructure Shelter. Geographic Isolation was associated with elevated mortality-related IRR’s. Multivariable regression did not yield consistent associations between BE features and CMD outcomes, other than negative relationships for Indigenous Location-level median age and Geographic Isolation. This study indicates that relationships between BE features and health outcomes in urban populations do not extend to remote Indigenous Australian communities. This may reflect an overwhelming impact of broader social inequity, limited correspondence of BE measures with remote-dwelling Indigenous contexts, or a ‘tipping point’ of collective BE influences affecting health more than singular BE features.
Northern-territoryAustraliaAustraliansAustralianLand-availability-programmeIndigenous-australiansIndigenous-australianServiced-land-availability-programmeDisused-buildingsInfrastructure-transportGeographic-isolation