2University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, England
3Centre for Patient Reported Outcomes Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England
4Birmingham Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England
5Patient and Public Involvement Team, RATE-AF Trial, West Midlands, England
6NIHR Biomedical Research Unit, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England
7Birmingham Health Partners Centre for Regulatory Science and Innovation, Birmingham, England
8Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, England
9Deep Medicine, Nuffield Department of Women’s and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, England
10Cardiology Clinical Academic Group Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George s University of London, London, England
Dipak Kotecha, MD, PhD, MSc; Karina V. Bunting, PhD, MSc; Simrat K. Gill, MD, MPharm; Samir Mehta, MSc; Mary Stanbury; Jacqueline C. Jones; Sandra Haynes, MBE, MBA; Melanie J. Calvert, PhD; Jonathan J. Deeks, PhD, MSc, CStat; Richard P. Steeds, MD, MA; Victoria Y. Strauss, PhD, MSc; Kazem Rahimi, DM, MSc; A. John Camm, MD; Michael Griffith, MD; Gregory Y. H. Lip, MD; Jonathan N. Townend, MD; Paulus Kirchhof, MD; Rate Control Therapy Evaluation in Permanent Atrial Fibrillation (RATE-AF) Team
Digitalis glycosides were first introduced into clinical use in 1785 by William Withering, a physician in Birmingham, England.
1 A new study published in