Americans used 7% less energy in 2020, due in part to the COVID-19 pandemic, according to data released by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL).
In research published in âProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,â scientists at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) describe how liquid metals crystalize under immense pressure.
In 1879, Nobel-prize winning chemist Friedrich Wilhelm Ostwald discovered that liquids often first freeze into temporary, unstable structures before changing into their final, most stable equilibrium phase. This so-call âOstwald step ruleâ has been a fundamental mechanism for the study and synthesis of new materials and is a textbook principle that all physicists learn in school.
But in their study, LLNL researchers Babak Sadigh, Luis Zepeda-Ruiz and Jon Belof describe a new mechanism of solidification in copper that provides a more detailed analysis of the Ostwaldâs step rule and alters the fundamental understanding of nucleation under extreme pressure. They found that not only do metals first crystalized into an unstable or non-equilibrium phase, but that this
January 5, 2021 In preparation for National Computer Science Education Week and Hour of Code, Argonne collaborated with Chicago Public Schools to help students learn more about STEM education and careers. Image by Argonne National Laboratory. The U.S. Department of Energy’s ( DOE ) Argonne National Laboratory celebrated this year’s National Computer Science Education Week (December 7 - 11 , 2020 ) by hosting multiple virtual engagement events leading up to National Week of Coding and ending with researchers virtually visiting classrooms for National Hour of Code Week. Through these events, world-class scientists at Argonne and DOE ’s Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, as well as University of Chicago students, shared their amazing science with Chicago Public Schools ( CPS ) students.