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Clingy Copper Ions Contribute to Catalyst Slowdown
Heavy-duty diesel trucks on the road today are equipped with aftertreatment systems that include selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology using urea solution as a reducing agent to curtail harmful nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from engine exhaust before they reach the tailpipe. SCRs rely on a catalyst to help chemically convert NOx gases into nitrogen, water, and small amounts of carbon dioxide.
Like anything else subject to the laws of nature, catalysts-materials that help a desired reaction efficiently take place-tend to slow down the longer they are in use. Scientists at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), working with researchers at Washington State University and Tsinghua University, discovered a mechanism behind the decline in performance of an advanced copper-based catalyst. The team’s findings, featured on the cover of the journal ACS Catalysis, could aid the design of catalysts that work bette
Solvation cages may lead to more efficient operation of high-voltage battery cells
Membranes that allow certain molecules to quickly pass through while blocking others are key enablers for energy technologies from batteries and fuel cells to resource refinement and water purification. For example, membranes in a battery separating the two terminals help to prevent short circuits, while also allowing the transport of charged particles, or ions, needed to maintain the flow of electricity.
The most selective membranes - those with very specific criteria for what may pass through - suffer from low permeability for the working ion in the battery, which limits the battery s power and energy efficiency.
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IMAGE: Illustration of caged lithium ions in a new polymer membrane for lithium batteries. Scientists at Berkeley Lab s Molecular Foundry used a drug-discovery toolbox to design the selective membranes. The technology. view more
Credit: Artem Baskin/Berkeley Lab
Membranes that allow certain molecules to quickly pass through while blocking others are key enablers for energy technologies from batteries and fuel cells to resource refinement and water purification. For example, membranes in a battery separating the two terminals help to prevent short circuits, while also allowing the transport of charged particles, or ions, needed to maintain the flow of electricity.
Researchers develop bi-metallic catalyst for thermocatalytic decomposition of methane: H2 with low or no CO2 greencarcongress.com - get the latest breaking news, showbiz & celebrity photos, sport news & rumours, viral videos and top stories from greencarcongress.com Daily Mail and Mail on Sunday newspapers.