Wind turbines on the open sea are enormous.
Apr 30th, 2021
Friederike Meyer zu Tittingdorf
Materials researchers at Saarland University and mechanical engineers at RWTH Aachen University working to further develop monopile production for offshore wind farms.
Steelwind Nordenham
With an output of around ten megawatts, today s wind turbines on the open sea have enormous dimensions. Their gigantic nacelles - with a generator, rotor and rotor blades spanning more than 100 meters - stand atop a steel tower. This tower, in turn, rests in the sea on colossal steel pipes known as monopiles, currently measuring up to ten meters in diameter and weighing 1,500 tons.
Two compounds can make chocolate smell musty and moldy - American Chemical Society acs.org - get the latest breaking news, showbiz & celebrity photos, sport news & rumours, viral videos and top stories from acs.org Daily Mail and Mail on Sunday newspapers.
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Chocolate is a beloved treat, but sometimes the cocoa beans that go into bars and other sweets have unpleasant flavors or scents, making the final products taste bad. Surprisingly, only a few compounds associated with these stinky odors are known. Now, researchers reporting in ACS
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry have identified the two compounds that cause musty, moldy scents in cocoa work that can help chocolatiers ensure the quality of their products.
Cocoa beans, when fermented correctly, have a pleasant smell with sweet and floral notes. But they can have an off-putting scent when fermentation goes wrong, or when storage conditions aren t quite right and microorganisms grow on them. If these beans make their way into the manufacturing process, the final chocolate can smell unpleasant, leading to consumer complaints and recalls. So, sensory professionals smell fermented cocoa beans before they are roasted, detecting any unwanted musty, moldy, smoky or m
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IMAGE: Materials researchers at Saarland University and mechanical engineers at RWTH Aachen University working to further develop monopile production for offshore wind farms. view more
Credit: Steelwind Nordenham
With an output of around ten megawatts, today s wind turbines on the open sea have enormous dimensions. Their gigantic nacelles - with a generator, rotor and rotor blades spanning more than 100 meters - stand atop a steel tower. This tower, in turn, rests in the sea on colossal steel pipes known as monopiles, currently measuring up to ten meters in diameter and weighing 1,500 tons. To ensure that these can withstand storms, waves and aggressive saltwater over many years and still be produced economically, materials researchers at Saarland University and mechanical engineers at RWTH Aachen University want to work together with steel specialist Dillinger and other companies to develop new, customized steel grades. The research project is being supported
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IMAGE: Photo of a cocoa bean, You can see the shell and in the part where the shell was removed, the embryo. view more
Credit: Martin Steinhaus
Musty, moldy, smoky or horse dung-like smelling cocoa is not suitable for chocolate production. As part of a larger research project, a team of scientists led by Martin Steinhaus from the Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich has identified the odorants responsible for such off-flavors. The food industry can now use these results to objectively assess the sensory quality of fermented cocoa based on odorant concentrations. The research team published the data in the