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2D materials for conducting hole currents from grain boundaries in perovskite solar cells

Grain boundaries (GBs) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been found to be detrimental to the device performance. Scientists in Hong Kong developed a unique approach by modifying the perovskite GBs with flakes of high-mobility 2-D materials, which can conduct holes from the GBs to hole transport layers in the PSCs and make the GBs hole channels in the devices. This work presents a cost-effective strategy for improving the performance of PSCs by using high-mobility 2-D materials.

Physics - Switching the Twist in X Rays with Magnets

Switching the Twist in X Rays with Magnets 2Department of Applied Physics, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain March 15, 2021• Physics 14, 34 Scientists create a pattern of nanomagnets called an artificial spin ice that can control the orbital angular momentum of a scattered x-ray beam. Figure 1: Two strategies for generating orbital angular momentum (OAM) in light. The left side shows a 1D-like microstructure, called a fork-dislocation hologram, which is commonly used to generate OAM beams in visible light. The right side shows a 2D nanomagnet array, called an artificial spin ice, which was used by Woods, Chen, and colleagues to generate x-ray OAM beams. Structural (charge) scattering generates even-order beams (red doughnuts), while magnetic (spin) scattering generates odd-order beams (blue doughnuts).Two strategies for generating orbital angular momentum (OAM) in light. The left side shows a 1D-like microstructure, called a fork-dislocation hologram, which is c

University of Eastern Finland to coordinate a €15M Horizon 2020 research project for sleep apnoea

These updates are republished press releases and communications from members of the Science|Business Network University of Eastern Finland to coordinate a €15M Horizon 2020 research project for sleep apnoea Sleep Revolution is a multidisciplinary and international research and development project aimed at reforming the diagnostics and treatment of sleep apnoea. The European Commission recently granted the project almost 15 million euros of funding from the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme for Health, Demographic Change and Wellbeing. The objective of the project is to revolutionise research, diagnosis, and treatment practices of sleep apnoea. To achieve this goal, the project will develop methods based on machine learning and artificial intelligence to assess the severity of, and the need for treatment in, sleep apnoea. A total of 37 research institutes, hospitals, and companies will participate in the project. The ultimate objective of the project is to draw up new internationa

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