Abstract
Background: Understanding changes in infectiousness during SARS-COV-2 infections is critical to assess the effectiveness of public health measures such as contact tracing.
Methods: Here, we develop a novel mechanistic approach to infer the infectiousness profile of SARS-COV-2 infected individuals using data from known infector-infectee pairs. We compare estimates of key epidemiological quantities generated using our mechanistic method with analogous estimates generated using previous approaches.
Results: The mechanistic method provides an improved fit to data from SARS-CoV-2 infector-infectee pairs compared to commonly used approaches. Our best-fitting model indicates a high proportion of presymptomatic transmissions, with many transmissions occurring shortly before the infector develops symptoms.
Abstract
Background: Which virological factors mediate overdispersion in the transmissibility of emerging viruses remains a longstanding question in infectious disease epidemiology.
Methods: Here, we use systematic review to develop a comprehensive dataset of respiratory viral loads (rVLs) of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1 and influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. We then comparatively meta-analyze the data and model individual infectiousness by shedding viable virus via respiratory droplets and aerosols.
Results: The analyses indicate heterogeneity in rVL as an intrinsic virological factor facilitating greater overdispersion for SARS-CoV-2 in the COVID-19 pandemic than A(H1N1)pdm09 in the 2009 influenza pandemic. For COVID-19, case heterogeneity remains broad throughout the infectious period, including for pediatric and asymptomatic infections. Hence, many COVID-19 cases inherently present minimal transmission risk, whereas highly infectious individuals shed tens to thousands of SARS-CoV-2 virions/min
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Province investing in mineral exploration
The funding will allow for the creation of an industrial research chair at Lakehead University.
Feb 4, 2021 3:40 PM By: TbNewsWatch.com Staff
Lac des Iles Mine. (File).
THUNDER BAY - New funding provided by the Northern Ontario Heritage Fund Corporation will allow for new research into mining and mineral exploration.
The provincial government announced on Friday that it is providing $690,000 to Lakehead University for the creation of an industrial research chair.
“Investing in job creation and research and development at Lakehead University will help drive new solutions and support our government s commitment to grow the province s mineral exploration and prospecting industry, said Greg Rickford, Minister of Energy, Northern Development and Mines.
Now, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) and FCL are each providing $1.25 million to renew the five-year term to build on this success and further optimize soil remediation approaches. “The overall goal of this innovative research program is to improve how we clean up and manage these impacted sites in a safe and sustainable manner,” said Siciliano. “Over the next five years, we will further develop and validate our approach of using naturally occurring biological stimulants and nutrients to further increase hydrocarbon degradation, particularly at sites where traditional approaches have proven ineffective, and reduce hydrocarbons in soil to minimal levels.”