Reconciling India’s Climate and Industrial Targets: A Policy Roadmap.
Introduction
India has performed remarkably well in terms of its climate trajectory over the past decade. From 2005 to 2014, the country’s GHG-emission intensity declined by 21 percent.
[1] According to Climate Transparency, India is the only G20 nation on-track to achieve the targets under the Paris Agreement.
[2] One of the key, albeit unfortunate, reasons behind India’s climate success is the underperformance of its manufacturing sector. Since industries constitute approximately one-fourth of the economy’s total GHG emissions,
[3] the sector’s sluggish growth has led to only a moderate increase in industrial power demand and emission-intensity of the gross domestic product (GDP).
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Small hydropower plants do more harm than good
The example of Romania shows conflicting goals and misguided developments in European environmental and energy policy
The construction of the Dumitra HPP in the Jiu River Gorge National Park on one of the last unobstructed rivers in the Southern Carpathians. | Photo: Calin Dejeu
Hydropower is renewable, but mostly not environmentally friendly. A study led by IGB shows for Romania how the expansion of hydropower runs counter to the goals of EU environmental policy. Hydropower conflicts with the requirements of the Flora-Fauna-Habitat Directive (Natura 2000) and the European Water Framework Directive (WFD): around half of the hydropower plants in Romania are located in nature conservation areas. These are mostly small plants that contribute only 3 percent of Romania’s electricity generation, but threaten biodiversity. Therefore, European energy policy urgently needs to be aligned with the goals of the EU Biodiversity Strate
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IMAGE: Scientists find optimal hydrogen-natural gas blend to trap hydrogen in cage-like molecules more effectively view more
Credit: GIST
2) is heralded as the clean fuel of tomorrow. Because H
2 can be produced from water (H
2O) without generating carbon emissions, developing H
2-compatible technologies has become a top priority. However, the road ahead is bumpy, and many technical limitations must be ironed out. Hydrogen is the smallest molecule in nature, and finding feasible ways to store it is a critical issue to realize a hydrogen economy, states Associate Professor Youngjune Park from the Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) in Korea. Unlike hydrocarbons, pure H
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References for material in this presentation
•Blair et al. 2021 Contribution of Biomass Supply Chains for Bioenergy to Sustainable Development Goals. Land 10(2):181
•Griscomet al. Natural climate solutions. Proc Natl AcadSci U S A. 2017;114(44):11645
•Kline et al. 2021. Effects of Woody Pellets in the Southeastern United States on the Sustainable Development Goals. Sustainability 13(2):821