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 E-Mail IMAGE: In experiments with SLAC s X-ray free-electron laser, scientists knocked electrons out of a molecule known as DMP to make the first detailed observations of how a process called charge transfer. view more  Credit: Greg Stewart/ SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory When light hits certain molecules, it dislodges electrons that then move from one location to another, creating areas of positive and negative charge. This charge transfer is highly important in many areas of chemistry, in biological processes like photosynthesis and in technologies like semiconductor devices and solar cells. Even though theories have been developed to explain and predict how charge transfer works, they have been validated only indirectly because of the difficulty of observing how a molecule s structure responds to charge movements with the required atomic resolution and on the required ultrafast time scales.

United statesXinxin chengHannes jonssonAdam kirranderMichael minittiPeter weberHaiwang yongUniversity of icelandDepartment of energyUniversity of edinburghProceedings of the national academy sciencesOffice of scienceBrown universityStanford universityNational accelerator laboratoryAccelerator laboratory