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By Ionut Arghire on March 15, 2021
Most security agencies fail to properly sanitize Portable Document Format (PDF) files before publishing them, thus exposing potentially sensitive information and opening the door for attacks, researchers have discovered.
An analysis of roughly 40,000 PDFs published by 75 security agencies in 47 countries has revealed that these files can be used to identify employees who use outdated software, according to Supriya Adhatarao and Cédric Lauradoux, two researchers with the University Grenoble Alpes and France’s National Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation (Inria).
The analysis also revealed that the adoption of sanitization within security agencies is rather low, as only 7 of them used it to remove hidden sensitive information from some of their published PDF files. What’s more, 65% of the sanitized files still contained hidden data.
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Scientists have pinpointed the location of an essential enzyme in plant cells involved in photosynthesis, according to a study published today in
eLife.
The findings overturn conventional thinking about where the enzyme resides in plant cells and suggest a probable role in regulating energy processes as plants adapt from dark to light conditions.
During photosynthesis, plants convert carbon into energy stores through electron transport , involving an enzyme called ferredoxin:NADP(H) oxidoreductase, or FNR.
Plants can switch rapidly between two types of electron transport - linear electron flow (LEF) and cyclic electron flow (CEF) in response to environmental conditions. The transfer of FNR between membrane structures in the chloroplast, where photosynthesis takes place, has been linked to this switch.
Current food production systems could mean far-reaching habitat loss
The global food system could drive rapid and widespread biodiversity loss if not changed, new research has found.
Findings published in Nature Sustainability shows that the global food system will need to be transformed to prevent habitat loss across the world. It shows that what we eat and how it is produced will need to change rapidly and dramatically to prevent widespread and severe biodiversity losses.
The international research team was led by the University of Leeds and the University of Oxford.
Dr David Williams, from Leeds School of Earth and Environment, and the Sustainability Research Institute, is a lead author of the paper.