Scientists take the temperature of red supergiants
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A red supergiant, the most voluminous stars in the cosmos, appears as a bright red starburst just beneath the two orange clouds. Photo by Andrew Klinger
March 1 (UPI) Astronomers have developed a new technique for accurately measuring the surface temperature of red supergiants, voluminous stars that end their lives in supernova explosions.
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Though the end stage of a red supergiant s life is well-documented, the lifecycle stages that proceed it aren t well understood part of the problem is that astronomers can t easily measure the surface temperatures of red supergiants.
As their name implies, red supergiants are very large stars. The average red supergiant boasts a mass nine times that of the sun. Though not the most massive or luminous in the cosmos, red supergiants are the most voluminous class of stars.
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Credit: © 2021 Andrew Klinger
Red supergiants are a class of star that end their lives in supernova explosions. Their lifecycles are not fully understood, partly due to difficulties in measuring their temperatures. For the first time, astronomers develop an accurate method to determine the surface temperatures of red supergiants.
Stars come in a wide range of sizes, masses and compositions. Our sun is considered a relatively small specimen, especially when compared to something like Betelgeuse which is known as a red supergiant. Red supergiants are stars over nine times the mass of our sun, and all this mass means that when they die they do so with extreme ferocity in an enormous explosion known as a supernova, in particular what is known as a Type-II supernova.
IISER Kolkata scientists simulate Mars on the computer, suggest how it lost its atmosphere
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The researchers model a Mars-like planet interacting with plasma wind from a Sun-like star
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Protective shroud: The magnetosphere enveloped Mars, shielding its atmosphere from erosion by solar wind.
| Photo Credit:
Martin Holverda
The researchers model a Mars-like planet interacting with plasma wind from a Sun-like star
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