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Fundamentals of Materials Engineering - A Basic Guide is a helpful textbook for readers learning the basics of materials science. This book covers important topics and fundamental concepts of materials engineering including crystal structure, imperfections, mechanical properties of materials, polymers, powder metallurgy, corrosion and composites. The authors have explained the concepts in an effective way and by using simple language for the benefit of a broad range of readers. This book is also beneficial to the students in engineering courses at B.Sc, M.Sc, and M.Tech. levels.
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About the Author:
Dr. Shashanka Rajendrachari is currently working as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Bartin University, Turkey. He obtained a Ph.D. in powder metallurgy from the Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India. He was named as the grand powder metallurgy student of th
Credit: Saarland University/Oliver Dietze
The formation of double bonds between two carbon atoms (C=C) is of central significance in natural organisms. The vast majority of natural substances therefore contain one or more of these double bonds. Compounds with C=C double bonds, the alkenes or olefins, also play a prominent role in the organic chemical industry. A great many chemical processes have therefore been developed over the years to control the formation of C=C bonds.
One such process, olefin metathesis, has received particular attention over the last few decades and the 2005 Nobel Prize for Chemistry was awarded in recognition of its significance.
Researchers in the U.S. and Germany decided to explore which pathways transport debris to the middle of the oceans, causing garbage patches, as well as the relative strengths of different subtropical gyres and how they influence long-term accumulation of debris. In Chaos, they report creating a model of the oceans surface dynamics from historical trajectories of surface buoys. Their model describes the probability of plastic debris being transported from one region to another.
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Organometallic reagents are essential tools in synthetic chemistry. They work even better and more effectively in combination with alkali alkoxides. The exact nature of this effect has never been well understood. A team based in Switzerland has now performed a detailed study of the mechanism of reaction of aryl bromides with organo-magnesium reagents and lithium alkoxides. As reported in the journal
Angewandte Chemie, a complex equilibrium of bimetallic intermediates plays a key role.
Substituted aromatic ring systems are an important class of building block for the synthesis of many products, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and natural substances. However, the required functional side groups cannot generally be hooked onto the ring systems in a simple way. A widely employed method uses a detour through a halogen/metal exchange. First, a halogen atom, such as bromine, is attached to the desired position on the ring system. With the use of special organometallic
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VIDEO: Computer-generated unfolding animation of sealed letter DB-1538. In our paper we describe how virtual unfolding was used to read the contents of sealed letterpackets from 17th-century Europe without physically opening. view more
Credit: Courtesy of the Unlocking History Research Group archive.
In a world first, an international team of researchers has read an unopened letter from Renaissance Europe - without breaking its seal or damaging it in any way.
The research, published in
Nature Communications, describes how an X-ray scanner used in dental research and virtual unfolding allowed the interdisciplinary team to read the contents of a securely and intricately folded letter which has remained unopened for 300 years, while preserving its valuable physical evidence.