Transcripts For DW Tomorrow 20240705

A renaissance on the way to time is new to the hello and welcome to tomorrow. Today, this Science Program on dw the media. How it was a new question of time. Focus e, my 2011. On a quick answer, nami triggered the meltdown new catastrophe on japans coast. That released large amounts of radioactive material. The spot gemini, is moved away from it totemic energy loss in many countries. Its becoming more popular again, like in the us for instance, the in the United States wants to speed up its transition to Clean Energy Installation reduction i passed by congress is supposed to be a big step in that direction. The department of energy is overseeing the process with a renewed focus on windham, solar power and Nuclear Energy. That by the ministration is very clear that nuclear is going to be a key part of our Climate Crisis mitigations. As we look toward a higher penetration of renewable deployments like wind and solar, that variable power needs to be backed up by something that supports a grid that, you know doesnt necessarily follow how the weather moves and Nuclear Power is an excellent choice for that base load power and in the United States, of course, weve been doing it for many decades, are confident in the Technology Transfer and huff, self done research into new types of react to she and the Energy Department generally favors smaller power stations. These reactors have a capacity of just 300. 00 megawatts, as opposed to a 1600 megawatt hour plan. To advanced reactors in the United States have a lot of promise. You know, wed really like to get to a place where were Building Nuclear reactors, more like airplanes than airports. We have a history of going over budget and over schedule on mega projects, but smaller, more modular designs that leverage this kind of more assembly approach to construction should improve the economics, improve the timelines and improve the predictability of Nuclear Reactor builds, which will have an impact on the bottom line, affordability matters in power. But how safe are the new small modular reactors here in germany . Because the institute of technology, a spent many years researching the safety of Nuclear Power plants, the aim is to prevent serious accidents like the 2011 disaster and fukushima japan. Scientist press, they are a few roads. They want to do a meltdown test. In japan, hydrogen escaped when the reactors fit in cloud chips over heated hydrogen built up in the reactors pressure vessels, eventually causing an explosion. The scientists and cows were testing various materials that could be used for the cloud troops to see how they respond to overheating. The fuel roads are placed in a furnace and exposed to temperatures of more than 2000 degrees celsius. Even though germany itself has faced the Nuclear Power to misspelt, Thomas Research is getting a lot of attention from experts around the world. The s m l small much in our records, the generation of s m, ours are small modular reactors that will come in the next 10 years or light water reactors of those 14. And thats why its important to us in the district and she may react to it was also like want to react to cold. So basically the same problems could arise again, sees. And thats why theres so much interest when using these new cloud chip materials and s m hours. Ok, so by so these studies are very, very important. And all these, the homes where they reached the smaller size of the new generation of reactors offers an advantage when it comes to safety. Toms Research Shows that the smaller amount of uranium in the react to is easier to control. Passive cooling systems are an option, for example, to ensure cooling, even in the event of a power failure. Really, i cannot figure out how far on anything less Nuclear Material means that to me, event of a meltdown for the flow of heat would be significantly smaller. So we have certain that if we could flood it from the upside, because if wed be able to hold the melt inside the react to pressure vessel or so that the radionuclides are not released into the environment to exit. So the International Atomic Energy Agency in Vienna Austria sees the next generation of smaller reactors, us check director general russell gross. It says theres growing interest in Eastern Europe and both s m rs, unconventional Largest Scale light water reactors. He says rushes water in ukraine and its going to talk to him. The Energy Markets have boosted that trend. Many countries have a re evaluated the fact or, or re, a re appraised the fact that Nuclear Energy gets you a new nor most if not complete. Autonomy over your own Energy Generation and electricity production hands and it is not by chance you will see the enormous interest in Eastern Europe in particular and with the having very increasing we check yeah. Increasing which slo back. Yeah, we grow aisha withdrawal main. Yeah. And even poland, which was the only Eastern European country that does not have to for the have any Nuclear Power plant. Now now they are very aggressively moving into this area. So germany has closed all of its Nuclear Power plants. The trend and large parts of unit is moving in the opposite direction. Reactors are being built on all sides and yes, 0 is the hot spot for Nuclear Reactors. Most building projects up out elsewhere in the world, especially in asia. The china is planning for she saw the reactors which should go online in the next 15 years. Russia times 20 volumes is also far ahead of the us with 12 new reactors. India has been bought and vicious infrastructure programs and also wants to play a leading role in the expansion of Renewable Energy. Use the and its nothing short of gigantic spinning, 60 square kilometers the equivalent to the 8400. 00 soccer pitches this. So the park in india is the largest in the world. Its 6000000 solar panels producing twice as much energy as the average Nuclear Power plant. Well, put a new site design deal of the sunshine. So youre all the time you get the whole world, but your solar energy, its infinite. Production costs are low and the plants and maintenance costs are too low to let me submit that. Got your message. In fact, many experts say that solar energy is now cheaper to produce than energy from co. India is known reliance on the fossil fuel is one of the reasons it became the said biggest c o 2 emissions in the wealth thats now set to change. At present, we ought at 40 percent in anything from Law Enforcement antenna is. And so if the target is consumed by 2030 india would require around 800. 00 gigawatts of electricity install capacity. So i think 50 percent and that is 50 percent install capacity is quite a, to the just 50 kilometers away from the side of the pop pharma, rama christian additionally is less euphoric. His harvest is failing due to constant electricity causes that disrupt his irrigation system. And regularly break his voice, a pump sewage associated with lots of search product we live really close to the largest solar park in the world government. This is the result. And we dont get financing over to you so much over the audio. Theyll make deaf item even though this is why india is critical infrastructure. It is a public electricity grade is in a poor condition. It hardly matches how much electrical power is produced, because its not reaching the people who need it. For the onion trip to boss a place concern. So indias a and yes ball system is facing a huge challenges in terms of the frequent fall guards and its because of the Oil Transmission and distribution systems. We have uh ordered. Uh, we have a leaky, a ordered from the distribution infrastructure for that to be need to overhaul the r and the Distribution Networks for the distribution transformer, need to be changed in sub going into the lady is particularly in new york city is also affected by the problem, even the capital daddy Power Outages of frequent air and the heat of this on the gwinnett condition is, are running at full blast, the electricity grid collapses on a regular basis. And as we always try to fix the disruptions as quickly as possible, we can because but unfortunately its not so easy to be like many of our colleagues have be injured or even died at work before we started work in the morning. We prayed to god that everything will go well sometimes and that trish in is forced to turn the power supply off, which is much less popular than guessing electricity flowing again. The you dont pay your bill once and they get to aggressive and cut off you. They like tricity thats, thats not right. So we pay our bills in, sooner or later in the summer. Those you cant pay take the risky stance of stealing electricity directly from the grid to them, whether the electricity is solar generated or otherwise. Is it relevant . Many people will live dream of independence from the public electricity grant. My house, my. So the panels, my electricity, my heating, its technically possible even in germany, but its only one to 2 families show us how it can, what net rebec whole for has made a home improvement. But many can only dream of. Ready this Solar Power System means he generates his one electricity and he think he made the change in the summer. Ready for the long winter ahead. Nothing. Its about the item cornerstone of this are morning. Water heating a domain hard old runaway which was the t. Okay. Our self sufficiency rating loss, which measures the toner maintenance is 98 percent. That means with independent available tricity good. I strong. Well find out whether that will still be the case through the winter net to same a different method house. Over the long days of summer solar cells create an energy surplus. Ready ready ready its been used to charge a battery that supply. Ready energy at night as well as putting a heat pump. Ready support to motivate to the home improvement. Ready ready aggregates type of income to 3 reasons. Sustainability, reliability of supply and control of running costs, especially when i retire. Id like those to be negligible. His son certainly never sends a bill. The solar sales and the search facing part of the roof are best place to catch it. Full for regularly checks his tablet to see if the systems working properly. It shows him how much energy is being produced and consumed pets. I got a few come up and reducing 4. 00 kilowatts of solar power, right . Know from, from, from the time consuming 500. 00 watts. That means theres a bunch of clean or rolling or something in the short time bottle these 85 percent charge different up to 30 percent since early this morning. Ready ready with this amount of backup generated in the morning alone and the food bought 30 after only 5 over sun. Ready should be able to see the summer self sufficiently. Ready but how do you store the energy of one summers day for a long period. Ready ready how does he think system splits, walter and to hydrogen and oxygen. Ready hydrogen whole to energy and is stored in the gas tank search sites well secured for the winter. Ready lindsey tuffy gas done and did you also see on that Beautiful Day yesterday . Hydrogen was produced, the whole time is what it is. Thats the blue block from the one. And if we conduct this from 9 am to 7 pm by size to a hydrogen time, just like to start spill 63 percent. I think it took 5 weeks and 4 very, very quickly. If needed, a fuel cell can change the hydrogen back into electricity and heat. But so for this fuss becoming an Energy Aspect thats actually got a few weeks ago. I actually look much more at the consumption peaks and, and id like to know what causes the stuff in taking very quickly, develop a feel for what and seems more electricity is a little less than me. And its a shame that every household doesnt pass. Similar monitor, so and then everyone would see what uses more energy and what less everyone would benefit from this educational effect on these as heroes. And if i came into and even its about not certain sensible. But what did the experts say about generating hydrogen using solar power, free drink sick as an expert in sustainable construction and teaching at berlins university of applied sciences. He says the energy set up in an area that whole 1st house is exemplary charge of those fuel and is equal to 0. Huh. I see it as a very good thing is, is that the system has been developed and its made marketable that allows surplus solar energy from the summer to be converted into hydrogen bundled and use in winter and helped me to create electricity on until 8 to the pool on development im, its hydrogen is an ideal means to store energy with the lowest the spatial. So for this try teaching with hydrogen saves up to 2 thirds of the emissions in comparison to gas. But the technology is not mass produced, and therefore an expensive system costs just over 80000. 00 bureaus. Thats not counting the solar panels which are mass produced and currently provide the Cheapest Energy around their use in the Sustainable Production of hydrogen is seen as the future for the whole thing needs sufficient space and good planning. As the herman finally shows, the new more installation so that we dont need so much heat in the wind. So were taking, thats one thing. The other is like we have installed solar panels on the house on both besides a socket for what type elementary instead yet. But how do you get through the long said winter hardly any. Some lights are good in solution and a lot of solar panels enough, isnt that . Certainly i wonder if itd be really fully self sufficient for 365. 00 days a year. And that means we generate a molar ruined seat and electricity rates. Its a great story for everyone who lives here, how us one and the today cuz shes still. Ready what role will Solar Hydrogen technology play in the future . And districts on how you get more systems of producing what prices will drop localism charles and see, i have even higher hopes for larger systems. Like large fuel cells was large electrolyzer, large Hydrogen Storage tanks be done by which can then, for example, be used in carbon areas, even some ions to supply. Not just the single buildings think about the whole area. Its simply a matter of scale. And the bigger the cheapest, carland, fucked by info, includes all the supplies we had solar power installation and hydrogen production. Perhaps the recipe for a heating revolution at home using Renewable Energy to produce Green Hydrogen to heat your apartment. Wash in bed with a hold of kaufman blocks too, especially since hydrogen can be stored and transported in either gas or liquid form. The infrastructure is already there and is being expanded. Hydrogen can be transported in pipelines normally useful natural gas. There are already a number of pilot projects in germany. Projects of this teachers in the making it this wind farm in gemini. The plan is to use subsidies, wind energy to produce Green Hydrogen, to reduce reliance on fossil fuels. In the cost of turbines produced excess energy, they have to be turned sideways so they wouldnt generate any know the storm all think across, all like tricity from wind power currently always needs to be drawn at the same time and all the energy is generated. Weve now found a way to store wind power using hydrogen so, so this is how it works. Electricity from wind turbine strikes and exercises nearby. They split torture into oxygen and combustible hydrogen in a process called electrolysis for hydrogen to be available at all times. It needs a Storage Facility. The one here is on the ground and can hold 40000000 cubic meters of hydrogen across an area of roughly 6. Hectors stands was the support the most pipe, which is fixed then directly into the ground and all the lights go down and then suspended them as well ahead. And the longest payment was not enough. Those meters hydrogen will soon be pumped through this pipe into poor us rock design. In the 2 days you are tough law. This is a natural gas deposit and your, the gas accumulated here many millions of years ago. Then it was extracted when it was exhausted and the deposit was converted into a Natural Gas Storage facility. So the gas was injected in the summer and extracted in the winter. We get something that we want to store hydrogen here in the future. Before that can happen, the pipes and Storage Facility need to be assessed for that hydrogen suitability of other stuff. Or is it possible to transport hydrogen dont words and not more dish on this and then well have to see other button tv. I dont know what that might some hope process, the hydrogen is that, is there water that interferes with that . So by the geologist, see it works you a little bit entering. Im shocked to tennessee or 3 on because this is the 1st project gemini, probably to store hydrogen in photos. Rock. Its endorsements as to where the hydrogen will then be transported, climate neutralise, and force you to cut all much is to a combined heat and power plant and alford using existing pipelines that a current, a transporting natural gas as Hydrogen Molecules a much smaller than natural gas these pipes would also be closely inspection is some reasonable, restrictive is very nice. You have to go through the types of books and look at the history of the 5. And then they own that as a structural pressure assessment, and then the entire applied. Thats gonna be done within inspection date as was to carry out these tests as well. Gas is flowing, the device has to post through and, and its a considerable and thats the reason for the vantage because it means we dont have to take anything out of that. Can check the pipeline what it stood in the ground. My cooking is being offered me a few weeks later with that to see an inspection. The 3 me to gauge is also called a pay cost. Great. That because of its mobile joints that can inspect the pipeline from the inside in order not to damage its delicate technology is pushed into the ad oak using a transport cheese, which has been removed off towards the end of his clothes and filled with gas. With the speed of to me just a 2nd to the gauge now stops. Its jenny with the flow of gas in a similar way to a pneumatic cheat that these insect fuel and couldnt be with this inspection, we can determine if there are existing anomalies in the plate. And that means if i tell you this slightly damaged from Environmental Impact in the past, we cannot take validate and then replace the relevant part and knock them all 6. The inspection is carried out in several steps and with various gauges. First, a cleaning gauge passes through the n, okay . And when these deposits in the pipe, then a geometry gauge checks the height to possible dense to fat gauges renee via magnetic fields. Any anomalies like rust damage and any Material Weakness they may have coolest weak spots. So that replaced the we slowly the coolest of the gas pipeline. Again, it leads to the next dump. Them will power station existing infrastructure. It can be used here to handle this corner maybe needs a few nozzles exchange. That would mean that the entire burner has to be replaced with comedies. And basically this 3rd stream boy looks like the game plan. All the Combustion Chamber stays the same function that can stay the same. And the 3rd Stream Systems for the district extraction can be kept as the are the items that means that technically speaking, not much has to be changed for the Hydrogen Technology Service Heating with hydrogen, sustainable going forward. We asked an independent techs, but most of the office from is, are me hydrogen is actually because the media room for our Sustainable Energy revolutions. And since i learned that we can make hydrogen ourselves, but also understood that its really impossible for us to create an Energy System based on 100 percent Renewable Energy within the next 2 and a half foot hydrogen powers, district teaching the 10s of thousands of apartments is set to become a reality by 2025. Let us read. Why do you have a science related questions . Then send it to us by video, text or voice message. If we feature your question and ill show you a little surprised as the time to come on, just on this week, garcia from chilly wants to know the do the moon and sun always rise in the east and at different times anyone who follows for a few days will realize it appears at a different point in the sky almost every night. And thats a diff, its height. Each day of the month, it appears around 50 minutes later. But it always rises in the east and disappears in the west. Thats because the moon and the f move differently, the the moon orbits the air slippery 29 days while the actual tapes once in 24 hours. That means that the moons position in the sky moves daily, added to that is its tilted orbit. Thats why we see it, but different positions in the sky, and its more, but its a circular elliptical the that means the distance from noon to f changes depending on where the minutes when its the journey. On top of that, mr. Newton and also all the sudden the movements mean, but the moon appears differently in the sky every night. And thats it. Sweeties as to what were done seeing the and sometimes it even appears in the middle of the day because the air spins eastwards on that axis. The sun, like the moon, always rises in the east. The time of the sunrise literally changes from day to day by one to 3 minutes. In contrast to the restless moon the. That was this weeks episode of tomorrow. Today dw sized program. 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