it was the marshalling of the power of the federal government that played the most important role in pushing back white supremacist violence and terror. you describe the enforcement acts and the ku klux klan acts and these were all passed during reconstruction and the first civil rights statute passed since reconstruction was the civil rights act of 1957 which created the department of justice, and the department of justice played a vital role in the late 1950s and in the early 1960s in addressing the role of white supremacist violence, if we think about the bombing of the birmingham church, if we think about the goodman, cheney and schwerner and all of these acts of white supremacist violence were investigated by people like john dore and the justice department and the civil rights commission, it was the creation of the civil rights division that focussed this attention, remember, for decades before that congress refused to pass an anti-lynching statute so we had no civil rights