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Females' immune system edges out males but at a cost of higher autoimmune risk

A review article highlights how two X chromosomes in females influence immune system composition and function, leading to faster infection clearance and stronger vaccination responses but also a higher risk of autoimmune diseases.

Ustyna-shevchuk , Nature-reviews-immunology , Immune-system , Ntibody , Nti-inflammatory , Utoimmune-disease , Ell , Hromosome , Enes , Ormone , Mmunology

Historic DNA analysis identifies Down and Edwards syndromes in ancient humans

By analyzing ancient DNA, an international team of researchers have uncovered cases of chromosomal disorders, including what could be the first case of Edwards syndrome ever identified from prehistoric remains.

Greece , Finland , Bulgaria , Spain , Germany , Barcelona , Comunidad-autonoma-de-cataluna , Alicante , Valenciana , Spanish , Adam-ben-rohrlach , Jonathan-tuke

New study sheds light on sex differences in allergic airway inflammation

Researchers explored how sex hormones and chromosomes influence allergic inflammation and gene expression in four-core genotype (FCG) mice exposed to house dust mites (HDMs).

Sciepro-shutterstock , National-institute-of-health , Physiological-genomics , Four-core-genotype , Jackson-laboratories , National-institute , Bloomington-institutional-animal-care , Graphpad-prism , Pathway-analysis , Farnesoidx-receptor , Retinoidx-receptor

Xist lncRNA identified as key trigger in female-biased autoimmune diseases

Researchers uncover that the Xist ribonucleoprotein complex, unique to females, is a key driver of sex-biased autoimmunity, offering new insights into autoimmune disorders' higher prevalence in women.

Kateryna-kon-shutterstock , Stanford-university , Kateryna-kon , Autoimmune-disease , Utoimmunity , Ancer , Ardiovascular-disease , Ell , Hromosome , Ermatomyositis , Linefelter-syndrome , Upus

Ancient genomes reveal origins of multiple sclerosis risk in Europe

Researchers investigated the variables contributing to geographical heterogeneity in multiple sclerosis prevalence and the impact of genetic and environmental factors on the disease's development.

United-kingdom , British , Dorxela-shutterstock , Northern-europe , Bronze-ages , Medieval-age , United-kingdom-biobank , Pontic-steppe , Bronze-age , Multiple-sclerosis , Clerosis

Ancient DNA reveals first prehistoric cases of Turner and Jacob's syndromes

Ancient DNA reveals first prehistoric cases of Turner and Jacob's syndromes, with new technique enhancing chromosome analysis

United-kingdom , Lincolnshire , British , Pontus-skoglund , Charterhouse-warren , Kakia-anastasiadou , Ian-cartwright , Balfour-beatty , Rick-schulting , Network-archaeology , Communications-biology , Lincolnshire-county-council

Unearthing individual-level mutation risk patterns

Mutations, which occur continuously in every cell of our bodies, are a key contributor to cancer, ageing, and neurodegeneration.

Barcelona , Comunidad-autonoma-de-cataluna , Spain , Marina-salvadores , Fran-supek , Cienciae-innovaci , Institute-for-research , Genome-data-science , Spanish-ministerio-de-ciencia , Dna , Utation , Ancer

Discovery on housekeeping genetic elements reveals a novel avenue in cancer therapy

Technological advancements have enabled scientists to comprehensively explore genetic control elements, unraveling the complexities of gene activation mechanisms in our genetic code.

Tokyo , Japan , Kyoto , Kenta-nakai , Martin-loza , Alexis-vandenbon , Laboratory-of-functional-analysis , Nucleic-acids-research-on , Kyoto-university , University-of-tokyo , Institute-of-life , Institute-of-medical-science

New method illuminates intricate interactions of the synaptonemal complex in nematodes

We have two copies of each chromosome in every cell in our bodies except in our reproductive cells. Sperm and egg cells contain a single copy of each chromosome with a unique mix of genes from our parents, an evolutionary trick to give our offspring genetic variability.

Lisa-kursel , Aguayo-martinez , Jesus-aguayo-martinez , Ofer-rog , Us-national-institute-of-child-health , Proceedings-of-the-national-academy-sciences , University-of-utah , National-institute , Human-development , University-of-utah-biology-research-scholar-award , Rog-lab

CRISPR opens doors for novel probiotic functions and applications

Humans can benefit significantly from symbiotic relationships with probiotics-;live bacteria and microorganisms that influence the gut microbiota.

China , Huazhong , Hubei , Nanjing , Jiangsu , Nan-peng , Chongqing , Biodesign-researchon , Agricultural-university , Huazhong-agricultural-university , Academy-of-science , Agricultural-university-the-academy