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Date Time Ancient DNA Sequences Reveal How Modern Humans Diverged from Neanderthals Osteoblasts infected with a virus containing archaic DNA sequences, a reporter molecule, and GFP. Image courtesy Nadav Ahituv. Much of the genetic difference between modern humans and our archaic ancestors – Neanderthals and Denisovans – is not in our genes themselves, which make up only 2 percent of the human genome, but in regions of DNA that regulate gene expression by turning genes on and off. A team at UC San Francisco, in collaboration with colleagues at Stanford University, has unearthed the regulat...

© Mercedes Conde-Valverde 3D model and virtual reconstruction of the ear in a modern human (left) and the Amud 1 Neandertal (right). Neanderthals — the closest ancestor to modern humans — possessed the ability to perceive and produce human speech, according to a new study published by an international multidisciplinary team of researchers including Binghamton University Associate Professor of Anthropology Rolf Quam and graduate student Alex Velez. "This is one of the most important studies I have been involved in during my career," said Quam. "The results are solid and clearly show the N...