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Detailed text transcripts for TV channel - CNN - 20110503:06:29:00

Qaeda leader. officials said the bin laden family dna was used to make the identification. it all sounds very csi. left some people wondering can dna testing really be done so fast? chief medical correspondent and certified medical examiner dr. sanjay gupta joins me now. sanjay, i had no idea it could be done that fast. it seems like the government was able to confirm a match very, very quickly. yeah, you know, typically when you re talking about dna sequencing that s the process that can take a long time, really sequencing someone s entire genome. this is different. what they re doing here is they re trying to actually look at trying to create a match here. so you know, if you look at most people, you know, we share about 99% of our dna. that s in common. so instead they re focusing on areas that are different between people. if you have some reference samples, for example, people who are relatives, in this case of bin laden, you start to look for similarities between the sample ....

Dna Testing , Sanjay Gupta , Medical Examiner , Bin Laden Family , United States Government , Dna Sequencing , Reference Samples , Osama Bin Laden ,

Detailed text transcripts for TV channel - CNN - 20110503:03:30:00

Able to confirm a match very, very quickly. yeah, you know, typically when you re talking about dna sequencing that s the process that can take a long time, really sequencing someone s entire genome. this is different. what they re doing here is they re trying to actually look at trying to create a match here. so you know, if you look at most people, you know, we share about 99% of our dna. that s in common. so instead they re focusing on areas that are different between people. if you have some reference samples, for example, people who are relatives, in this case of bin laden, you start to look for similarities between the sample that was taken here and known samples from siblings, a child, parents, whatever the relative may be. and as you get more and more of those matches, you increase your likelihood that in fact this is a relative of the person that you re testing. so that s sort of how they do it. and that process can be done within a few hours, anderson. how close do the ....

Dna Sequencing , Reference Samples , Osama Bin Laden , Anderson Cooper , Family Members ,

Detailed text transcripts for TV channel - CNN - 20110503:05:32:00

Do they need to run tests on all the samples simultaneously, or i assume they would have done that ahead of time and therefore just needed to compare the dna from bin laden to the samples they already had. that s exactly right. so essentially, if you have known samples from known siblings or known relatives of in this case the person, bin laden, you basically create reference samples. so you have all of those relatives or reference samples sort of lined up and then you bring in this new sample and you start to actually compare it to do this matching. and again, looking for areas that are sort of known as junk dna or areas that are different. and you re looking for repeats in the dna sequence. the more repeats you see that match up with one of the relatives, the more likely it is going to be an actual match. more relatives, that increases the likelihood even further. and very briefly, there are unconfirmed reports, and i emphasize unconfirmed, that one of those sam fils came from hi ....

Osama Bin Laden , Reference Samples , Junk Dna , Dna Sequence , Sam Fils ,

Detailed text transcripts for TV channel - CNN - 20110503:02:32:00

More than 99% of our dna is going to be the same. so the key for them in terms of the sort of genetic fingerprinting or genetic matching as they call it is to focus on the area that is different. and that could make a much shorter time than, for example, sequencing the entire dna. it s not going to be perfect. no one s going to say with 100% accuracy because it is still a little bit of an imperfect science. but that s a little bit of how they do it. well, officials have said they compared bin laden s dna to several bin laden family members. do they need to run tests on all the samples simultaneously, or i assume they would have done that ahead of time and therefore just needed to compare the dna from bin laden to the samples they already had. that s exactly right. so essentially, if you have known samples from known siblings or known relatives of in this case the person, bin laden, you basically create reference samples. so you have all of those relatives or reference samples sort ....

Genetic Fingerprinting , Osama Bin Laden , No One , Family Members , Reference Samples ,

Detailed text transcripts for TV channel - CNN - 20110503:06:30:00

A relative of the person that you re testing. so that s sort of how they do it. and that process can be done within a few hours, anderson. how close do the family members need to be? that s a good question. you know, for example, if you re looking at a child or a parent, for example, that s going to be the closest because they re going to share at least about 50% of the dna. with siblings that are full siblings, actual siblings, they could share up to 50% as well, but it s a little less clear because parents don t always give the same amount of genetic material to each child or the same type of genetic material. with half-siblings it becomes even a little more complicated. but the thing is as you add more and more relatives, more and more reference samples to compare, you start increasing your likelihood of confidence. so for example, if there were a lot of relatives over time, even if they were half-siblings, and there were several of them, if they had matches to all of those, you ....

Family Members , Reference Samples , Genetic Material ,