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This article originally appeared on the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute's (SIPRI) Expert Comments.On Monday, 13 December, Russia
Climate-related Security Risks in the 2020 Updated Nationally Determined Contributions Format Nationally determined contributions (NDCs) are the central instrument for states to communicate their contribution to the 2016 Paris Agreement on climate change and reflect their wider approach to climate mitigation and adaptation. This SIPRI Insights paper analyses how the 2020 updated NDCs (16 submissions as of October 2020) discuss climate-related security risks and compares them with 2015. It finds that climate change is mainly seen as a risk to socio-economic development and human security a...