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Protection, this is the measurement one needs to know how well they are protected. now with the variants, we're seeing how the antibody responses take a hit. >> let's say you're in a situation where someone essentially doesn't have antibodies anymore, you're to measure their antibodies you don't see them, does that mean they no longer have protection? >> not necessarily. there is several aspects to one's immune system that can drive protection. >> reporter: like b cells which can make more antibodies if the virus comes back and t cells which help activate the immune system and get rid of infec...

Drive protection. >> reporter: like b-cells which can make more antibodies if the virus comes back and t-cells which help activate the immune system and get rid of infected cells. antibodies in your blood naturally wane over time. think of it like security lights at your home. when there's an intruder nearby, they should turn on. but when there's no more threat, you want them to turn back off. >> reporter: why do we focus so much on antibodies? >> one aspect is that antibodies are probably one of the easiest to measure in the laboratory. >> the immunity you get from prior covid infection has b...

Express how it has impacted you? >> i mean, i grew up in a civil war. i'm originally from lebanon and i was 4 when the war started. and i work in many different war zones. and seeing those images in ukraine obviously brought back painful memories of living in lebanon when i was a kid and even my younger years. and knowing how much people need help is what drives us. it's what drives project hope to continue working in places like ukraine. and we're committed to stay there for the long haul. this is a sprint and a marathon. as long as we're needed, we will continue to stay in ukraine. >> robbie...

Protection. something that says this is the measurement one needs to know they are protected. now with these variants, we see how they take a hit. >> reporter: say someone essentially doesn't have antibodies anymore. does that mean they no longer have protection? . >> not necessarily. there are several aspects to one's immune system that can drive protection. >> reporter: like b cells, which can make more antibodies if the virus comes back. and t cells, which help activate the immune system and get rid of infected cells. antibodies in your blood naturally wane over time. think of it like secur...

The findings offer new insights into how tumor cells escape from the immune system and could be helpful in improving the efficacy of immunotherapies.