People . Recently there was just this lecture dedicated to the anniversary of the flight by Valentina Vladimirovna tereshkova. In this lecture i tell you that there is a common myth that space is something harsh, very technical and it is not for women, and i try to show it using the examples of our women cosmonauts and those who flew into space, to show that space is a womans business , since i have encountered this in my life, a lot of specialists in roscosmos work for women, a lot of girls, as it turns out, in fact, the lectures flew in space from our country. And here you just need to understand, well, you can compare it with , for example, western cosmonautics, again, the usa , more people flew there, but it turns out that we rank second in the number of women who flew into space, this is really very cool, well, in general , probably the main message of the lecture is to dispel the myth that this is not a womans business, space, its just a business that you do, it doesnt matter who is a man or a woman, if you love it, why cant you do it, tell us more about the project we believe into space, and this is a project, which i founded just in the eighteenth year, yes, this is a scientific and practical project , we believe in space, which i founded and now it is joined by guys, enthusiasts who are also giving lectures by industry experts, a project aimed at comprehensively popularizing astronautics and the story of space in different directions, this is the creation of books, the creation of media products, running social networks, this is the development of space education, including school education, that is , this is the development of teaching materials for School Teachers so that the topic of space is so laconic and. Very gently included in the school curriculum, since we believe that the theme of space should be present as widely as possible in all areas of our lives, so that people get interested in it and more people Pay Attention to this industry, well , actually, this is in fact, our mission is to popularize space, talk about it very seriously, there has been a project since 1918, that is, as soon as i graduated from university, i immediately thought that there were probably people who would share my mission about that we need to talk about it and are ready to talk about it, let them go. We have been doing this for years, gradually, gradually , it seems to me, we are little by little solving the problems of popularization, we are trying to do this on a larger scale for a larger audience, it seems to me that we are doing it quite well, although of course we can do better. Denis, i know that on your website it says that you are a member of the expert community, the council of teachers of bloggers, please tell us about this . There is such a council for education, from teachers of bloggers, who, uh, have brought together the best teachers of bloggers who talk about their profession on blogs, and the main task is to show that a blogger is not something bad, a blogger is also about positive, good content, as it is called on the internet, that is, many bloggers really say very useful things, here i am a blogger who talks about space, that is, you are a teacher, yes, i teach at a school in moscow, i teach circles on Space Systems engineering, also i run the school space museum. That is, on the basis of one particular moscow school, i am looking for young cosmonauts and trying to start training them to introduce them again into our cosmetics industry, so the advice was collected in order to show that teachers can be bloggers, this is an absolutely normal story in modern realities , bloggers are also good people who , again, bring positive, good content and who can teach something, here again i am a blogger, my colleagues are popularizers, bloggers, but at the same time, we dont dance on camera there just for the hell of it. We are still trying to tell about space, some new facts , in general, probably, the task of the council is to show that a blogger is a person who simply writes blogs on the internet, to what extent children are now interested in space, you teach at school, you you see the opposite reaction, i see the reaction is that they are very much interested in space, since the world is very huge, the world is very largescale and there are areas of activity that seem more interesting, for example, the it sphere, programmers, developers of some. Games , but of those children who risk coming to my classes to listen to the socalled water part about the history of astronautics, they immediately begin to light up, because the scale is completely different, to develop some. An it product for some company, it will simply be another product of this company, or develop again the same program code, some kind of it product, but for the space industry, which will be useful there either for the whole country or in general to the whole world, its still tasks of different scales, children indeed, even if they have not been enlarged by space, they can come after the first lesson , they already come to the second with their eyes lit up, and accordingly they already begin to put forward some ideas, hypotheses that lets design a ship that will fly. To mars, well, here, unfortunately, their life is broken up by serious adult life, since not everything is as simple as it seems to them, but what is the advantage of children, that their minds are not yet clouded, they can sometimes offer truly unique ideas that it couldnt have occurred to you, because you read the textbooks and its like you cant do it like this, then a child comes and shows you that maybe well try and you re like, well, lets try, maybe it will work, denis, lets imagine what will happen do people in 50 years in space, in 50 years in space, i think that we will already be able to fly to mars, develop technology, ensure the safety of icapage, and humanity in general, i think that we will still be very close to the earth , but still not at a distance of 400,000 km, but at a distance of several million, tens of millions of kilometers from the earth, and we will also continue our, well, as it is sometimes called, the expansion of space, yes, that is, the development of Space Exploration by humans, that is, this is mars maximum, well, in my understanding , yes, i will not , what do we do . On the moon, i think, by that time some kind of lunar base will have already been built, that is , similar to the iss or with ros already then, on which astronauts will live and work, either in orbit or on the surface, i think that on surface, since this is a more interesting, more likely correct task, that is, exploring from the surface is always much easier than exploring from orbit, which is why i think that some kind of lunar base will be built, there were such projects in soviet times, but now we already understand that technologically we have, in principle, either grown up, or are about to grow up, that is, we have just a little left, we will have a base on the moon where an astronaut will work, i had a guest who was a popularizer of astronautics , which talks about space even to children, denis prudnik, im anton shkaplerov, this is a space stories podcast. Hello, this is the podcast schrodingers cat and i am its leading editorinchief of a Popular Science magazine with the same name schrodingers cat , and my cohost is the cat, he is not schrodinger, he is mine, his name is bari, he will help me and provide moral support, yes bari we have a wonderful guest sergei kuch sverchkov, cosmonaut pilot, hero of russia and in general. A person whom i envy from the moment we met, i honestly admit, here is sergei, here you are 10 years younger than me, and at the same time you managed to fly to the iss, go into outer space, how many more than 6 hours there you tried, yes, yes, 6 47, after that fly to antarctica, live there in a tent in search of meteorite, in general, you can already make an adventure book out of you, i cant say that im the only person who works for science and goes to some extreme places in order to advance science, i guess i was just noticeable, oh, there come on, dont be modest, well, after all, there are not many people on our planet out of 8 billion, who were in space in antarctica, well, probably, yes, i agree, as a child you dreamed about this, that this is the fate, that i will be like a polar explorer, 35, antarctica, and then into space in a spacesuit, looking at the earth, thats how in childhood no, in childhood no, all the boys now, and then in my childhood they dreamed and dream of being some kind of superheroes, little ones, because all the boys dream of saving the world, and when i was a child, i dreamed of being the most ordinary superhero a firefighter who performs heroic deeds every day and saves people, but over time the dream transformed, already at a more conscious age at the university i thought about the profession of an astronaut, i managed to fly into space and prepare, but as for antarctica, i want to say that our polar explorers, employees of antarctic stations and arctic stations, they are really very close in spirit in their way of activity, probably to astronauts, as you now define for yourself the goal of work, thats why you had to fly into space, why you had to look for meteorites in antarctica, sounds amazing, but why . Well , in general, everyone should ask themselves this question when starting a business, why, what . But it will work out, for me the criterion is to go where it is difficult, because working in incredible difficult conditions is not possible for everyone, due to the loads that arise, due to some psychological limitations, well, not everyone is ready to live in a confined space for six months at the station, but it is important to conduct some experiments, gain new knowledge and bring them to those who can use this knowledge in full, because astronauts, of course, have a very close relationship with science, we conduct various experiments, and for this we study various fields of science, but we do not dive into it very deeply, there are many, many different scientists, who give us tasks, and we do these tasks according to instructions, we obtain this knowledge , this is exactly what we do as foreigners, in antarctica, well, lets return to the topic of adventure, how to prepare for an absolute surprise, here in antarctica, as i remember , you have problems something happened with the weather, the tent broke down, its absolutely terrible 35, your tent is broken, that s how it was, were sending an astronaut into space in the open, well, practically, come on. Well, in general , during space flight and during other expeditions on earth, we always try to think, what can await us . Of course, its impossible to calculate everything, there is some kind of excitement in this, this is what causes excitement, if you know what will happen for sure, and you know what wont happen, then why worry, you can calculate and think through everything, but the point is that this is why the conditions are called extreme, that they are complex and there is a high level of surprise, for example, there was a surprise in antarctica, lets not, well, antarctica, antarctica is generally a place with a huge number of surprises, firstly, its the weather, its unpredictable, not in terms of that , that we can fly there and it will be hot, no, there may be a storm and snow there, or there may not be, there may be a high temperature, or there may be a sharp drop, the weather leaves much to be desired, and oops, at night, at night there was wind, with gusts up to 90 km h, the carriages were sitting so that it seemed like we were traveling on a train , and it was vibrating all over, there was noise outside the window, a real antarctic summer, one might say, well, you were in for everything, yes, as i understand it, we were in, yes in changing weather conditions and there are times of year when everything can change quickly, you need to be prepared for this, in terms of clothing, in terms of equipment, and even calculating your logistics, you need to be prepared for changes in plans, so we flew, for example, to antarctica, the weather was very good and we, and how good, good weather, sunny, firstly, the most important thing is that visibility is good, there is an airfield built right on the ice, and the only way to land is by visual. Reference, that is, there are no drives, radio beacons, well some kind of flags, yes, yes, everything is visual, that is, if the pilot does not see the stripe, he turns around, returns back several thousand, what it looks like, this is a white field, there are flags at the edges, this is a white field, it is marked, yes, there are special signs there, like at the runway, a large transport plane was landing for the flight, but we arrived there, the weather was perfect, we arrived and said, thats it , the next day we have to fly away on a small plane, and to where no one has ever landed, its also a very interesting task, that is just for a flight, yes, just for a flight 160 km from the base, the landing area was chosen because we cannot understand the point, but before that we prepared for any unpredictable situation, we can still prepare, as it means , satellite images, we now have modern technologies make it possible to provide some information about a place that is very far away. We studied the experience of the previous expedition and chose certain points for landing, negotiated with the pilot of a small plane, we took off and already on the spot the plane circled, chose a landing point that was interesting and possible for landing, and was convenient for us, because the search area for meteorites should was found near the landing point. We chose, landed, were dropped off, and unloaded several hundred kilograms. Provisions, equipment, everything we needed, fuel, a snowmobile, and the plane took off, thats all, it left us alone, in a place that was completely surrounded by ice and mountains, there was no feeling of horror, although after space, i think its unlikely or, when youre sitting here, you have a thin tent, many hundreds of kilometers all around, just ice and nothing, theres no horror, but at that moment you understand perfectly well that if something happens, then the whole load will fall just only for crew members, the same as on the space station, if anything happens, all issues should be resolved exclusively by the crew, and what kind of team did you have, and we had, a very interesting team, we had on the team two climbers, snow leopards, vitali lazo and Ruslan Kolunin, they provided both safety and logistics, in general, in such small crews, a person is multifunctional, like a multiinstrumentalist, that is, just like the crews at the station, one person must, the guides and notalia filmed the film, yeah, and ruslan provided logistics and operation of the equipment, that is, engineering functions, at the same time, everything the team members were trained to search for meteorites, in general, searching for a meteorite in antarctica is very interesting. When you are looking for something that doesnt look like a local object, like local stones, that is, you cant say for sure what a meteorite will look like here, because it should simply be different from earthly stones, well, we wont dive into the topic now geology, and the team , here are six people, including you, yes, yes, yes, here are five people, two are just climbers, and well, highlevel climbers, two people, one, danis nurgaliev, was a professor. Kazan university, alexander pastukhovich, a researcher at the ural federal university, a meteorite specialist, and andrei nazarov, a member of the expedition and he was also involved in filming the film and searching for meteorites, everyone worked as one, this is very important, because there are a lot of surprises, then is when we arrived and the direction of the wind, it was necessary to understand it, in order to put up the tent correctly, we put the tent in a certain orientation, and so that the wind does not break it, it must there must be a shadow, there must be some rocks nearby, because the tent needs to be secured, why, because it can be hot , the shadow is an aerodynamic shadow, that is, from the wind, and the aerodynamic dough, where the wind does not reach, is blocked by something, but what it should block, that is, we chose the place in advance based on satellite imagery , after all, its like 35, wind, how to survive in an ordinary tent with two single layers, but its unusual, the tent was specially designed for strong winds and under placing everyone together, that is, the tent was large for six people with a separate vestibule for cooking, and why . Because when you boil water, the steam rises, immediately freezes and can, uh, like snow fall inside a tent, it will fall on things. Everything will melt, things will be wet, so the place, the place where we prepared the food, it was isolated, everything was thought out in advance, but unfortunately, the structure turned out to be not stable enough, not Strong Enough for the antarctic wind, and the tent broke, yes the tent, the wind , wind gusts reached almost 100 km h, and the tent just collapsed, we had to spend the night in a broken tent, but it was so strong that when six people were lying in a tent, and the equipment, six adult men, and the tent was still tied and the wind was lifting it, and it wasnt scary at that moment, uh , well, i wouldnt say that it was not scary at all, there was a certain excitement , there was excitement, yes, but there was a certain excitement , because i couldnt sleep, the fabric was flapping very strongly, there was a very strong wind, that is, one can imagine to myself, probably car, when youre driving at 120 km h and youre leaning out of the car, youre sleeping like this, then we had to decide what to do next, we understood perfectly well that the plane wouldnt just fly for us in such a wind, so we had to will live in these conditions for some time, well, it will be necessary, then it will be necessary, we were ready for this, but how to live without a tent, well, life without a tent, we also had an additional tent, exclusively for cooking, to cook food in a closed volume, but the clothes, which we had, it involved being in the conditions of antarctica almost around the clock, wearing overalls for highaltitude climbing, highaltitude climbing boots, that is, in principle, we could exist safely without a tent, and you still continued to explore, even when the tent broke, and yes, because we essentially had no other choice, well, in the end , if the tent is broken, then this is not a reason to stop, somehow there is nowhere, well, yes, but, but we understood perfectly well that the faster we lets finish the field work, the better it will be, because via satellite communication we. We received a forecast , very unfavorable, that is, the conditions were only getting worse, we had a very small Weather Window when we requested evacuation, schrodingers cat podcast is with you, and i am its host, grigory tarasevich, together with my friend the cat bar, we ask questions about science and adventures to the hero of russia, pilot cosmonaut sergei kud sverchkov, after all, how. 35, such a strong wind, and you are without a tent, how did you warm up, how did you relax, warm up , they heat up very easily, the warmth of your own body, what kind of suit you need to have so that, yes, these are special suits, they are designed, i say, if you are going on an adventure, then it is better to think about the conditions that will await you in advance, and what we are making this suit from, that is, what is there, this is a mountaineering suit for highaltitude ascents, for life literally. At altitudes above 67 m, its fluff, fluff, fluff, a sleeping bag designed for temperatures down to 45, yeah, that is, in principle, but it was possible, well, not even that it was possible, we took off the down suit before getting into the sleeping bag, because if you get into the sleeping bag in a down suit, it will be very hot, even 35, the suit is actually made in russia, by the way, and there are Russian Companies that make Something Else some kind of chemical heaters there inside, yes we had, we had chemical heaters, but we didnt use them, the heat that the human body gives off is enough, nutrition, of course, is necessary to have good nutrition, but on the other hand, again the same as the astronauts, we do not we could take very heavy food, so we took freezedried food, dehydrated, but there is enough water in antarctica, well, the main thing is to take fuel with us. This is one of the features water we had liquid water only once a day, that is, in the morning we heated water using burners, quickly poured it, quickly prepared food, quickly poured it for ourselves, and hot thermoses and ate hot food, because if you take hot food and linger somewhere, then after 15 minutes it all turns into an icicle, well, the traditional question about the toilet in such conditions, but antarctica. Its also interesting because, according to International Agreement , nothing can be left there, that is, everything that you brought there must be taken away from there, including, of course, all human waste products, so we can say that we took the toilet with us , this is minimal, that is, all this was packed and then taken to the base, where it was all packed in a special container, and as you went, this or a separate tent was for us, we had to build, if thats already a detail, we had to build. A stone toilet, stone, that is, nearby were, no, not made of ice, made of ice, that would have been very cool, probably, but nearby there was a stone ridge, a moraine from a glacier, and we, uh , carried several hundred kilograms, probably, if not tons, so we built a structure that completely protected from the wind, because there is still wind in antarctica, even if it is not powerful during the day. Then it is always there, there is such a catabotic wind, this is the wind that blows from the direction of the pole, it always blows in the evening when cold air comes, well, to the toilet, it was a very fast walk, now lets use technology to people, this is still a difficult team , someone is a scientist, you are an astronaut, you are all different and that means you live for a week gathered in one small tent, dont quarrel, dont go crazy at all, because, because you re nearby all the time there is someone, well, first of all, we need to get to know each other in advance, of course, we didnt get to know each other on the spot, we got to know each other in advance and we had a Training Camp in elbrus, because all participants had to understand what they would encounter, what snow, ice, well, fortunately everyone knew what snowice was, what mountaineering was, well probably, only here we have danis karlovichaliev. He did not participate in mountaineering activities, however, as a geologist, he knew very well what a field camp and work are far from civilization, but these are conditions, namely relationships, after all, everything people are different in different roles, like. First of all, like in space, absolutely the same approach you need to know why you went there, if you went there to gain new knowledge in order to bring some result, you need to every time you are doing your job, remember that you you work for a common result, that the task is not just like a tourists task is to go on your own, see for yourself and return, but the teams task is to bring a common result for everyone, therefore, when you work as a team, you must remember that team goals, well, this is understandable, they even teach this at school, roughly speaking, but here , after all, living people are very closed in one space, well, we were lucky, we were lucky, because all the participants turned out to be simply excellent people, very, everyone turned out to be very interesting, all the people who went to antarctica of their own free will and made every effort for this, everyone loves adventures, you understand that a person who is afraid or does not like adventures will never go to a place with extreme conditions, after all, to be honest admit it to yourself, if everything the same, the same benefit for world knowledge could be brought without ending up in such an extreme place, it would be interesting for you and these people, but it seems to me that this is impossible, well, there are fewer and fewer places, this is antarctica. Space is already in siberia such that you can already take a helicopter to get to most of the points, it seems to me that this is a delusion, but i am sure that we still have enough time to discover the earth in a new way, including remote places and places with difficult conditions , which require people who are willing to take risks to go somewhere to get new signs. There are plenty of such places on earth, this is the north, this is the depths of the ocean, it seems to me that the ocean is not enough for you, so you are not in the plans, somewhere in the worldly depression, somewhere else there, not yet, not yet, but i dont know what will happen next, this is also a whole space, there is a huge underground world, there are speleologists, and you are going to caves, i have already been to caves, but i will gladly come back again, this is also its own world, which it is being explored by spelionists; it is incredibly interesting. Their own characteristics, rules, and it is impossible to Gain Knowledge without going to such places, so people who, on the one hand, are inquisitive, any scientist is inquisitive, a person who loves adventures, he is inquisitive, curiosity is in our genes, try to find out whats around the corner, and find out personally, im sure that scientists who use that knowledge that we brought them, they would be happy, maybe, to go to antarctica in space, if they were allowed their health, or it wouldnt be so dangerous and scary, how valuable is this knowledge, how many meteorites did you manage to get, and we brought a very interesting sample that Ruslan Kolunin found, and initially we were almost sure that it was a meteorite, but for this it is necessary there was a lot of research to be done, and we brought this sample to the ural federal university, the research was carried out at the Kazan Federal University using complex equipment, and it turned out that it was not possible to reliably confirm that it was a meteorite, because there are no samples, with which it could be compared, there are no similar ones, but scientists could not say what earthly parody it belongs to, that is, it turns out that this sample is frozen, and this is also very interesting, its like it was brought in a fairy tale, i dont know what, how to even search meteorites, you say, there is madder, madder is a heap of piled stones that the glacier brought down from all over the continent , this is the most interesting thing, the glacier collects everything that it encounters in motion, including everything that falls on it from above , reaching a certain point, he brings all this to the surface, well, we can look at traces of a moraine, here in the moscow region, anywhere, like finding a meteorite there, you need to look for something that doesnt look like what is there in abundance, we need to come to the place fly to the place and carefully study what kind of material is on site, what madder is made of, and for those who have never done this, this is generally difficult, but how to find a meteorite when you dont understand what it looks like, then you get used to the rock that exists, and after some time you begin to notice with your eyes what is not similar to. Most stones, they tried to create a robot that would analyze visually, they tried to create devices that would use Magnetic Fields to define, where is the meteorite, but it turned out, according to the analysis of the works, that there is no tool better than the human eye, that is, the human eye plus the analytical abilities of the brain, this is the best, most effective way to find a meteorite, well , thats for today, after all, Artificial Intelligence jumps like that, but you have no fear of robots, that you will become unnecessary, because after all, its easier to send to antarctica, into space, into the depths of the ocean, like an iron machine, first of all, its not like that. This is what we do, the robot is needed where we currently use it, where there are routine operations, well, in order not to waste human time, or where it is extremely dangerous for a person to be, not in general, to refuse such people who have prepared food for dangerous places, that they will not be needed, i think that there will be some kind of symbiosis here, because that a person, because of his curiosity, will never refuse. After all, robots can do things much faster than you and i, isnt there a fear that you will find yourself useless with your skills . I once talked with scientists who give tasks to the mars rover, because when the mars rover explores the surface of mars, it carries out certain algorithms laid down from the earth, and these algorithms are created with the help of scientists, including geologists. Geomorphologists, everyone who explores mars. And when i talked with one of the scientists, he said that if there had been a geologist, he would probably have completed everything that the rover did in a year in about three weeks. Its clear, its clear that now, compared to the sea rover , its better, but literally 5 years later, here i am, as a journalist, i thought that i was incredibly cool, i can quickly rewrite any text, now this one. And the gpt chat takes, instead of me, invents, edits, and does it in a split second, a year ago it wasnt so advanced yet, arent you afraid that robots will appear in your area that will be better at taking samples from mars , feel the Magnetic Field more finely, identify iron meteorites in antarctica, and most importantly, if something happens to them, yes, of course, its expensive, but i feel sorry for you, right . But its very difficult for me now to limit. Where the robot is useless in this regard, because there still remain such fields, after all, robots in this regard help us, and do not compete, i would say so, that is, they do, they help to do some work more efficiently, this means that we must take on the task that the robot is still cant do it yet, its trivial like the example with a dishwasher, because it washes dishes better than us, but we dont worry about it, we use these. But nevertheless , people of creative professions and people who who are engaged in analytics, that they will be left without destiny, well, some professions in the end, as a result of the technical revolution, some professions may disappear , i mean about your professions, okay, then you can ask the question, how to send a robot to that place of initial data about which there is no, make it work there , no, wait, in space its still like that, well, one of the most understandable goals is landing on mars, why risk people when you can send a more advanced robot there, the fact is that, well, you can probably put an advanced robot there , we are already there now lets start with hypothetical reasoning, well, we dont quite have it, as i understand it, the project will still do what we came up with here, here, well, here in a cozy chair, in a cozy chair and based on our conclusions that we made here, and not in place. Let me remind you that schrodingers cat is with you on the podcast, and i am its host, grigory tarasevich, together with my cohost , barry the cat, well, we have a wonderful guest, hero of russia, cosmonaut pilot, sergei kuch sverchkov. How do you see yourself in the future, so you will continue to perform feats get into adventures . I believe that adventures, they exist in the lives of each of us to one degree or another, are the most important thing. Approach them responsibly, that is, astronauts, scientists who go on expeditions, polar explorers, these are not the people who can be called adventurers, we always think through