At ten oclock, clive myrie will be here with a full round up of the days news. But first, our world. Lapland is europes great last wilderness. It stretches across norway, sweden, finland and russia, north of the arctic circle. The far north of finland is the home of the sami, europes only indigenous people, who still live off the land. But the life of the sami people is changing. Climate change is affecting the arctic more than any other part of the earth. You cant rely on that you know how nature acts or how animals act because everything seems to be changing. The melting ice is opening up opportunities for shipping routes and there is talk of a new railway. Its the Worst Nightmare we are facing at the moment. Which could threaten the sami peoples way of life. How can you put a price target for a culture . We have come to lapland to talk to sami women about the challenges they face. Nature gives if we give back. We cant just take. Anna comes from a family of sami reindeer herders who still make a living off the land. Its the start of the calving season and anna is checking up on the reindeer with a finish elective. Finish finish relative. The reindeer are about to give birth. These are extra feed pellets needed for the mother reindeer. So that they are in good condition. Eero is the herder of this fence here. He is the husband of my niece. Female reindeer have antlers during the winter and during the spring so they can chase away the male ones from good food places, places where the reindeer moss is growing. These reindeer are female and they are about to give birth in a couple of days, some in a couple of weeks. They are so beautiful. Reindeer herds roam free in lapland but when its calving time, and annas family fences them in to make sure the reindeer get enough food before the calves are born. Over the centuries, sami people have made a living from reindeer herding. Its still a key part of their culture but now, fewer than 10 of them are involved in it. Reindeer herding is getting much harder. Normally, there would be a lot more snow on the ground in the forest at this time of the year. But the climate is changing and its threatening the familys heard. Usually winter came in the end of october and now it can be in december. During the winter, there can be really warm periods that get the snow to melt. Winter should be approximately nine months of the year and now its maybe six months. Temperatures in the winter fluctuate a lot more than they did in the past which is making it more difficult for reindeer to find food. Usually, reindeer can dig through any amount of snow. So whether its two metres, it can smell the reindeer moss and find itand dig it but when the snow melts, then this food, the basic best food of reindeer, this reindeer moss, freezes, the reindeer cant dig it. They cant even smell it through the ice. Thats starvation then. Starvation means the reindeer herder has to take extra food. And of course, then it affects the income of reindeer herder. The number of reindeer herders is decreasin in finland. Over the last 20 years, it has declined by almost half. Now there are fewer than 5,000. Many find it difficult to cope with the huge amount of unpredictability and reindeer herding posed by the changing climate. You cant rely on what used to know about winter, how winters are. You cant rely on how nature acts or how animals are, because everything seems to be changing. People who live from the nature, sami people over here, have adapted and adapted over decades, almost centuries, id say. Life here has always changed. But then we are reaching the point where these changes are not such things that you can add up to. People dont feel safe anymore and that starts to affect their mental health. 100km from annas reindeer, in the far North Eastern corner of finland, close to the russian border, heini lives in a very remote house. The nearest supermarket is 90km away. Most sami people in northern lapland live in places like this and they are very much connected to their natural environment. We built this house ourselves and i think log house itself is eco friendly. We heat the house with wood but we do have Running Water and electricity, like in any other house. We are no eco warriors, we arejust ordinary people who wants to do our best. In early spring, heini and her family drink birchjuice. She usually start tapping the trees in may. But this year, for the first time, the juice was ready in april. We get winter very late. It can be december that we get permanent snow. For instance, this february, spring comes very early so we have shorter winters. Here are photos of my family. Here are my grandmothers. And here is my great grandfather. He is icefishing here. He is doing traditional ice fishing. Heini is an artisan. She makes a living by teaching traditional sami handicrafts. What im making here is a saamcic. Its a married womens hat. When women get married, she will have this crown for herself. It is as a crown. The saamcic is the most the most difficult handicraft i have tried and this is truly, truly very difficult handicraft. Traditionally, every woman did handicrafts but not this one, because this was special. Only some handicraft masters were doing this. Heini uses reindeer skin to make shoes. But more rain in the summer has affected her ability to produce them. Here are my latest. Ijust made this ready, these we were waiting for years in our shed for me to make these ready. This, i made these for myself. They are a little more fancy. The reindeerfur shoes. And these are already too small for my children. Here is how we do it. We just, we skin the reindeer legs. Then we just put them to dry like this. This is how it should be. Here we can see moulded ones. It tells us that the summers are more wet than those are used to be. Five hours drive to the west, close to the norwegian and swedish borders, alen is a northern sami handicraft master. She is 84 years old and she is visiting her niece to make traditional sami clothes with her. Climate change is damaging traditional sami livelihoods. But thats not the only threat. As temperatures rise and the sea ice melts, theres now the opportunity for a shipping route to open through the arctic. And plans are being developed for a railway to be built across lapland, threatening to cut through reindeer herding territory. Finlands ministry of transport favours the route from rovaniemi, the capital of finnish lapland, along the shore of lake inari, and terminating in kirkenes in norway. Supporters say the railway will boost laplands economy, but the finnish government says no decision has been made on the construction of the railway or its routeing. But the Sami Parliament is fiercely opposed to the plans. And Arctic Railway through rovaniemi to kirkenes, through our very heartlands of three different sami language groups in finland would be such infrastructure which will be the end to the sami culture. We live from the nature and it will cut the reindeer grazing areas into two. There will be more forest logging, for example. It will be transporting oil and gas products from norway and russia. It will bring the Mining Industry to the sami homeland area in finland. Its the Worst Nightmare we are facing at the moment, a concrete one. Of course, Climate Change is another one. But its not as concrete as the Arctic Railway. Heini, the handicrafter, who lives close to the russian border, has found out that a proposal for the Arctic Railway has been included in the Development Plan for finnish lapland. Those plans i have seen. So it seems like it would go straight through our house. And my opinion is it would be a genocide. If the plans for the railway are approved, its likely that heini would be forced to move. Its a painful reminder of the past. Heini is a skolt sami. Many of her people were forced leave their ancestral homes in russia and resettle in finland in 1944. All these kind of mining plans are our big nightmare here. Yeah, were very afraid of those. That is why skolt samis had to move after the second world war. Nazis did want to have this nickel mining in petsamo. We are only few. In finland skolt samis are around 600. And everyone has kind of tried to work to maintain the culture, keep the language alive. And if we have to do fight against this kind of international greed it takes too much of our time and energy away. Everything is only measured by money. But how can you put a pricetag for our culture . Back in inari, anna is getting ready to go ice fishing. We are trying to put the last hooks in. Anna does fishing all year round. And she takes great pride in supplying her family and friends with fresh fish. Now the bait is in the hook. So the weight takes the bait down there in a good depth and this is how it stays. The stick stays there because this is holding or however big pike there will be. And then, well, tomorrow morning i will come and check if there is movement in there. 20 years ago, the lake would freeze over by the end of october. Last year, anna had to wait until the middle of december before she could to go on the ice. And the ice starts melting earlier than it used to in the spring, making it increasingly dangerous to fish. The new conditions, of course, the people need to learn again to get to know them. So some people drown when learning. And thats, of course, a tragedy every time it happens. Sami people are people of winter. If the winter disappears it would be really strange, really hard to continue on the cycle of the year that doesnt have the real cycle. If the fishermen will adapt, then maybe the fish wont adapt to warming waters. So my biggest fear is that fish will disappear. One fall, one winter the nets will start being empty. Anna believes that reindeer herding and fishing wouldnt survive if the Arctic Railway is built and new mines open up in the area. What is the reason for these building plans . It is the greed of people, Big Companies want to give more profits to their shareholders. We need to be and we have to be active in this fight to save our world, to save our reindeers, to save our clean Drinking Water and where the fish can live and this. Itisa. Its a trade of, like, both ways. Nature gives if we give back. We cant just take. Will Climate Change destroy the forests and the lakes in europes last great wilderness . Willa new Industrial Railway wipe out sami culture or will it bring jobs and an economic boom to northern lapland . We dont know. For now the questions remain unanswered. Hello once again. To start this particular look at the forecast for the next few days for the whole of the british isles, im just going to give you a sort of general themes of the how the weather is going to play out across much of the british isles. We will keep the showery theme going to start off the week, but as things go on, you will see quite a significant change. The showers come from that area of low pressure to start off the week, this is tuesday ish, weak weather front spreading card and some showery rain into western parts. That weather front has obviously got a little more about it. The middle of the week, shall we say. And then the High Pressure trying to build in, and this will become more of a player for many more of us, as we move towards the tail end of the week. More on that in just a second. As i say, the week starts off on a pretty showery theme still. The showers probably not the same sort of intensity that we have seen through the course of the weekend. But they will gang together later in the day across this northwestern quarter of scotland, as a little trough, a mini front if you like, works its way down and across the northern parts of britain into the wee small hours of tuesday. A band of cloud eventually, but still with one or two pretty punchy showers on it. So even as far ahead as tuesday, we are still talking about a showery nature to the weather. So get on into tuesday itself, this is where we see the first signs of a south westerly developing across the british isles, and that will have the effect of dragging in a band of showery rain associated with a warm front, initially into wales and northern ireland, but then gradually pushing into the northwest of england toward southwestern scotland. Further south, High Pressure beginning to develop here, drying things out quite nicely, and the east having a pretty reasonable sort of day as well. You may well remember in that overall look at the weather, that wednesday showed signs of something a little bit more potent wanting to come in from the atlantic. The High Pressure still down there across the southern counties of the british isles, but this is a spell of really quite wet and quite breezy weather for northern ireland, western scotland, eventually the northwest of england. But with High Pressure there, or thereabouts, further to the south and east of us, that front is not going to be much of a player for many southern eastern parts during the course of wednesday. Here we are on thursday, the tail end of that weather front, working its way down towards the southern counties. So if you are thinking about harvest, this may be a wee bit more of an unsettled day for many more across england and wales. Closer to the centre of the low pressure, further north, well there are showers, if not longer spells of rain for the northern half of scotland, northern ireland, somewhere in between. A lot of dry weather so to north england, the temperatures at this stage, not really showing any great signs of wanting to change. That High Pressure having been all over the south, tends to want to move towards the continent, as we move towards the tail and for the week, and just beginning to show signs of those isobars wanting to flow from the continent towards the british isles. And that will give us the chance to tap into a source of warmth, albeit short lived. Friday and saturday fairly warm. The jet stream just showing signs of wanting to dip over us on sunday, and notice how those colours drain away. That combination suggests a low pressure, and also a friend coming a front. Down to knock away the heat for a time. But once the jet stream starts doing that, rather than dipping over us, you can just about imagine fitting in an area of High Pressure from here, extending its way up towards the british isles, and giving us a chance for a longer spell of more settled weather, finer weather, with a wee bit of heat too. Take care. If theres a no deal brexit, but the country is more prepared than ever. It comes after a leaked report warns of food, medicine and fuel shortages. I think some of the concerns about a no deal brexit have been exaggerated. And certainly the case that there will be bumps in the road, some element of disruption in the event of no deal. Organisers say 1. 7 million braved monsoon rains for hong kongs latest