We are the third oldest of the nasa centers. We broke ground on 1941. We predate nasa by a little under 18 years. For the National Advisory committee for aeronautics founded in 1915 in the infancy of aviation in this country to study this new technology and figure out how we can harness it for economic military use. Prior to this they only focused on general aeronautics. They had not done anything with that have beens seeing what they were doing in europe and found that they were way ahead of us when it came to Aircraft Engine Research especially the germans. In the late 1930s that made them nervous. The establishment of a Third Laboratory that would focus on aircraft engines. You can do all the Aerodynamic Research that was our single role, to improve aircraft engines, 75 years later we are still working on Aircraft Engine Research and proving that technology. We have had five names over the course of our history. We started off as the Aircraft Engine Research lab and later we were named the Lewis Flight Propulsion Lab after george lewis who was the first director of Aeronautical Research for the National Advisory committee on aeronautics and he was instrumental in promoting this idea of an aircraft engine lab and flexing cleveland as the site. We started with this core idea that we are going to do Aircraft Engine Research and all of the related disciplines of aircraft engines they grew and chewed off. Today isg we do connected to this idea of Engine Research. If you looked over 75 years it would look like a timeline, more like a family tree. Offy discipline is built the other one. Over the course of 75 years we have had an incredible amount of new technology and programs we have managed. I want to touch on our Engine Research and communications. As far as aircraft engines they supported the war jet engines was the next big thing. Jet engines allowed us to fly much faster and much higher end of this is what led the way for and eventuallyht that Technology Gets incorporated into rocket technology. When we started doing jet engines we were studying a lot of different types of people fuel. Engines need fuel so there were investigations on different ites of fuel, what helps burn and increases engine performance. We experimented with different types of fuel. Ne of them was hydrogen early 1960s we had the First Successful demonstration with hydrogen as rocket you will. Under the naca they wanted to be triply a beat strictly aviation. They felt anything like rockets equal to missiles and defense of the thought that should be left to the military. Was likeal leadership he is doing it because they recognized that he space is something that we need to do, the naca becomes the. Oundation for nasa we have found related skills to put provide to the new case program. On october 1,ed 1968. Naca ceased to exist and this was known as the nasa lewis center and essentially all aeronautic work stopped. I had a role in the Mercury Program. These are always kind of the the testbed missions where we are going to prove particular space capabilities. Could we want someone in orbit and come back. The first step we have to take before the Apollo Program which is to go to the moon. The Mercury Program was first. Seven mercury astronauts came here to do training. Their test system was called the mastiff. A giantssentially gyroscope cage thing that they would sit in and spit them , they on all three axes have to use thrusters to bring the capsule back under control. This simulates whether the capsule was tumbling out of control and they needed to adjust everything to heat shields and make sure it was oriented correctly so they dont burn up in space. John glenn came on a visit when he was a senator and asked about this test. He was very happy to hear that this had been scrapped. That was the most heinous of their tests. They had a kill switch they all used. Forthese preparations apollo and mercury were happening concurrently. We were working on the centaur program. Rockettaur is in upstage that would take the surveyor probe to the moon. This is a stage that uses liquid hydrogen but the program was by scientist werner von brown. They were having trouble with the engineering and getting this thing to work. I think the first test they had and they thought we never should have gone with liquid hydrogen and this was not the way to go. This is too missioncritical to keep trying this. An engineer in our lab who had been headquartered and had been designing the structure of nasa, he named the mercury and Apollo Programs and he said, this will work. I know my guys at lewis, they perfected this technology with liquid hydrogen and i know they can make it work area we spent most of the early 60s perfecting the Centaur Technology with the ultimate goal of launching the surveyor which is whatoon we needed to scout out a landing spot for our manned missions. Tariq, we need centaur for surveyor and if we dont have surveyor there is no Apollo Program. The Centaur Technology is missioncritical. The program for over 35 years we had well over 100 launches. It is still used today by our commercial partners who manage our operations. We have six core competencies. Hat we align our work with this goes back into the 1960s. This allowed us to essentially do direct broadcasting and allowing for the equipment to be much smaller and we can access more remote parts of the world. Demonstration of this direct broadcast and in the follow on like the next generation of communication and satellite the advanced Communication Technology satellite and this was digital. Of a similar testbed in showing that we can do communication satellites that are fully digital. Is the one that we have signals are sent through software. They can adjust everything in realtime through that kind of technology. We work for the state communication navigation program. Behind the Space Communications program is to provide the Communications Infrastructure for the satellites and space vehicles. For then the laboratory Cognitive Communications testbed. Are on orbit iss pat forms which have next Generation Communications research. The radios that you currently use like your cell phone are advanced in terms of the communication capabilities. We are trying to put the same Communications Capability in our next generation radios that we use in space. Datadea is to get more from the scientific payloads that are created on space stations so that the investigators can figure out how well the payloads are working in space. What you are seeing is that this is our testbed, a ground Integration Unit which is a mockup of what we have on space stations. Thats a big part of what we do. We do testing in order to make sorts of we have all new features they were not intended to do. Before we put them up on the space station we will test them and weour ground unit will send that software up to the flight unit. This is our system that we built before we built the system on the space station. The ultimate goal of this is for our next Generation Communications capability. Radio than capable we had in the past. We do that by demonstrating them on Something Like the testbed. Want to use this technology we can use them and they are proven for fellow spacecraft. Was research there we can do and our areas are propulsion, communication, windtunnel work, this is a key area for us in terms of communication capability we have. And 30re between 25 projects in the Communications Area that we are working on. Lab and we another will show you whats next. This is our integrated radio and Optical Communications lab. The effort is to design a system that can be used not only do advanced radiofrequency communications but also incorporate communications into the same system. We are working on this for deep space applications. This allows us to get more data than we currently get from our spacecraft. The idea behind this is, if you the rovers that are on mars, having a nextgeneration satellite that is going around mars getting that data to earth. How do you do that in an efficient way . One of the best ways to do that is to do that with our signal in the same system and getting the signals back. This is the next generation of systems. Focused in on individual Technologies Associated with them, worried less about the system and more about making the technologies and advancing the technologies for the nextgeneration spacecraft so they can provide those systems. This is an example of the technology we are using. Some of the major systems out there now are mechanical. We have worked with the Small Businesses to have an electric system that is all done by electronics. See over here, if i interrupt the signal what i get is then it will go again. We can stimulate simulate what it is like on a spacecraft with these systems so we know they will work on the intended operations. What makes the Center Unique . We are the only center that is located in the midwest. We embody the bid western culture. Call on us to do anything and we will do it well and we will do our best job. We are really diverse in our ability to do anything from aeronautics to exploration and do it very well. Bader of anchor you all times of technology, not that are very kind of mind blowing Space Exploration kinds of things. Things that are directly applicable to everyday life, you will see the technology we develop here trickle down into consumer products. Seven years after john glenns 1962 flight as the first astronaut to orbit earth neil asked her nonwould become the first astronaut to walk on the moon in 1969. He is one of 25 u. S. Astronauts educated they are who made flights into space. Next a look at major aviation and space milestones and the universitys connection to them. 9, eight, 7, 6, 5, 4, we have gone for main engine start