They depended on two animals, the horse and the buffalo. With horses they were able to pursue the buffalo and from the buffalo they obtained food, shelter, clothing, tools weapons and almost Everything Else that was needed for the tribe it it survive. Each year was recorded in a drawing and hand down as history from generation to generation. My name is lydia fire thunder blue bird. Im an oglala sioux. My Great Britain uncle great uncle was moses red horse owner. This is his winter count. In sioux it is called waniyetu iyawapi. He was the one from the tribe who would make drawings of something important that happened each year. Each one of these pictures stands for one year. We did not use numbers like today. Instead, each year had its symbol. One person would be in charge of keeping this record for each band among the sioux. Every year when the winter came the elders and recorder of the winter count would meet and decide upon the right want that would be used for right event that would be used for that year. This pictures stands for the year 1901 when there was a small pox epidemic. These show battles while others show peace. 183 3 1833 was the year the stars fell. A meteor shower. There was no one to do a winter count. Different people did them different ways. Some used buffalo hides later they used canvas, cloth paper or some or hide r some other hide. Sometimes the symbols with circle around and go inward. Others would start in the middle and go outward or they may go across. [bugle blowing] there are many symbols of horses because horses meant a great deal to the indian people. With the horse we could move and hunt buffalos. A person was respected by other indians if he had a horse. The winter count could only be understood by the one who put it down. When he would look at each symbol he would remember many things from that year. With this he could keep a record of things that happened in our tribes. After my great uncle died my sister angelique kept the winter count going. Now shes gone and someone else had to keep it up. We know about our history from this winter count, and now our children and grand children and on know history of our people. [captioning performed by national captioning institute] [captions Copyright National cable satellite corp. 2019] the hopi indian civilized when the white man discovered him in the 16th century. They presented salves materials made from cotton. Are they the first indians it weave . Some believe so