Family developed here with the franciscan sisters here that has expanded and grown to other Medical Centers and have welcomed patience from although over the world for 150 years. This is Heritage Hall established by the generous gift by john and william matthews. Mr. And mrs. Matthews were patience of the mayo clinic and they had a unique vision. They said we want to add more voices to tell the Great Stories of mail through contemporary museum exhibits, designs films and stuff like that. Today we are going to explore the history but more importantly the living legacy of male clinic if you think about it every patient has a history. The first thing you do when you see your doctor is give your history as a patient. Your what your illnesses are, your health status, your family background. That history and forms the care that you received today with the hope of a healthier future just as you as a patient has a history, so it is the organization. Male clinic has a history. Our history here is a living, dynamic part of who we. Are it informs who we are today, and it sets the stage of where we are going in the future. So you will see as you travel around, male clinic here, Heritage Hall. History is present with us. People talk about it in an immediate. Sense all be showing you with my colleagues some really fun and interesting things that bring it to life. A lot of people wonder, how a very large prominent Medical Center ever got its an amazing combination of factors. Mayo is a family name so we want we name the male family after william born in 1819 and manchester in the industrial revolution, developed a Strong Social conscience of giving back to others. A young mayo saw a Better Future for himself and came to america in the 18 forties. He worked his way west. He remarried a remarkable woman, Louise Abigail right. She was his business partner. He had the heart of medicine, she was the head of business. They had a great teamwork. Malaria was common in indiana at that time and doctor males saw healthier climate so he came here as a patient seeking a healthier future he came to minnesota and Territory Days he worked a number of cities around the state and Different Things but in 1864 he opened a practice and moved his family here to rochester when the lincoln administrator named him to be a human army examining doctor through the american civil war. His role we were one of the newest states in the nation on young men heading off into the Eastern Field for fighting. His job was to see who was fit for service the family stayed here because mrs. Mayo said we are not moving anymore Abraham Lincoln brought us here and mrs. Mail kept us. Here doctor mayo you are watching American History tv. Mayo had sons who grew up in medicine like farm boys on a farm. They would serve his patients with dad. They absorbed his ideals and his values and it was natural that they were going into medicine as their time came. The mayo family had been here since the 1860s. It was the summer of 1883 and dr. Mayo was the senior position in town. His eldest son had just graduated medical school that spring. Charlie was still a High School Student proper a high school preparatory student at home. August, a tyco cyclone comes. Hale heard a terrible, devastating storm hit the city. Dr. Mayo and his sons were in charge of helping the survivors. They needed nurses. Most women had families to look at. When seeking help, dr. Mayo went down the street to the academy of our lady of lorde, founded by the franciscan sisters. The mother superior Center Sisters to be his nurses. They worked in a dance hall in various makeshift facilities. Not long after the disaster, what we see here in this tableau, his mother alfred, came to doctor mail with the true vision. She said we, the franciscans, will build a hospital for the city, if you and your sons will staff. It doctor male resisted. Hospitals were expensive, risky. He was elderly, small town, we cannot do this. Mother alfred persisted. She said with our faith, hope and energy, it will succeed. So they shook hands, doctor mail and mother alfred. No legal contract. It was a bond of trust. From, that st. Marys hospital opened in 1889. If you think about, it in this tableau, men and women did not Work Together as professional counterparts at that time. Doctor male was a man, a man of science to marry mother alfred a woman of faith named her order from the virgin mary. They found Common Ground and serving patients. You get the set mail clinic you get all the. Rest you have different people, different skills, different points of views coming together for that common purpose. Each one blessed with a very unique equation. Doctor mail and louise raised their family right here in rochester in this house which was literally across the street from where we are right now. They made a momentous decision when the brothers were quite young. They decided they would mortgage this house and with with that mortgage funding, purchase a microscope to help care for doctor males patients. This is an example of a 19th century microscope at that time that they would have used. The male boys were young. They were maybe eight, nine the two of them. They always remembered their parents sacrifice. They grew up knowing that medicine was a true you entered medicine to serve people to Work Together in a cooperative manner. So fast forward to when the mail brothers, we see william and charles as adults. They were arguably the most successful doctors in america by the late 19 tens and twenties. They sacrificed, that front sent franciscan sisters. In 1918 the male brothers and their wives donated all the assets of male clinic, the land, the buildings, equipment, and the majority of their life savings to transform mail from a private partnership into a non for profit organization. That is the instruction we have today. Mayo clinic is here today because of their sacrifice and generosity. We have talked about the origins of male clinic here at Heritage Hall, but it is really worthwhile to visit the third floor archive historical suite with my colleagues there to get a feeling of how the clinic grew and flourished. Right now, we are standing in the historical sweep, which is located in the plumber building. It is the sweet where the last of doctor will and charlie mail are located. Along with the board of governors room. The space today is used as a museum and our patience and visitors are able to learn more about the history. How the males practiced medicine was much different than it is today. William the father, was the physician who would go out into the country, get on this buggy and horse and take it out to the farms and visit the patients. Surgeries were performed on kitchen tables, not in hospitals or operating room settings. Instruments and medicine were very prude, crude, not as we know today. Looking out here, are some medicines that were carried. Youll see that there arent very many to select from, so you understand that there wasnt a lot known about what would cure different elements, but this is what they have and would prescribe to patients, they would minister one dose and hope it would work. The males practiced and other homes and visited patients homes. Eventually they realized they needed larger spaces, so they opted to rent some space in downtown rochester. Here are some of the different locations that they rented. The masonic temple was a newly built building and they rented space on the second floor for our patients to be seen there. They worked in the masonic temple till 1914 and this building represents the very first mayo clinic that was built by the male family. It housed an integrative Group Practice in medicine. The father william, instilled and the boys that they needed to have others join the practice. He often quoted, no one is big enough to be independent of others. They realized early on that they needed to hire other individuals with other talents and interests to provide the best care for our patients. Doctor Rowan Charlie were surgeons, but they knew they needed and turn, this people working in the laboratories, xray departments and all other aspects of medicine to provide the best care for our patients. Here you will see the first male clinic being built. It started in 1912 with the construction and in 1914 it opened. It was five floors. It housed all the different specialties. We were anticipating about 14,000 patients to arrive on an annual basis, the 26,000 were coming to rochester for care. We quickly outgrew the space and ended up building the next building that will be talking about which is the plumber building, currently. But it was the second male clinic. This is 15 floors, and again, it encompassed all of the departments that the patients would need to be seen. It was again, an integrative Group Practice. Here is a model of an examining room, and 1914 mayo clinic building. It is very similar to our exam rooms today. You will see a couch where the patient or family members sat and an exam table. A physicians desk, a scale and a sync. Very simple, cork floors were there in the 1914 male clinic building, along with the male building because cork was easier on the legs. It provided less stress. You could stand for longer periods of time. Also, in the clinical practice, they realized that the rooms, exam rooms and all the instruments used needed to be cleaned, and the cover over the beading, and that type of the thing needed to be changed frequently. The idea of a septic and antiseptic techniques were developed over in england, and they had seen it practiced over there in their travels and they brought those practices back to mayo clinic. I am standing and doctor wills last office. This would have been used during his administrative years after he had retired from surgery. In 1928 is when he would have moved into this area. You will see his desk, his model. He loved the truth and sought to know it. Doctor will is described as the businessman, administrative type. He sometimes was known to be more stern, but had a great sense of humor. He married this High School Sweetheart heart. The photo is on the bookcase. Her name was hattie damon. She was the daughter of a local jeweler. They had five children, but only to lift past infancy. Two daughters, carry and phoebe. Both of the daughters married prominent male surgeons doctor waltman walter,s even though the dock even though the daughters did not go into medicine. In 1928 when doctor mill moved into this office he was no longer practicing as a surgeon, however he was very involved in the mail clinic administratively. He also sat on the board of governors until 1935 when he stepped down and let the younger individuals takeover, running the clinic. He still was intimately and volleyed, knowing that our patients were being taken care of. This is my favorite room we are standing in at the moment. It is the board of governors room. It was started because doctor will in doctor charlie, and 1915 started the proceedings to set up mail clinics is a nonprofit organization. That involved setting up board, and were still bore run by the board today. This is the boardroom, all the honors and awards on the wall of doctor will and doctor charlie from all over the world. They traveled extensively to learn from others and bring back best practices here to, rochester and male clinic and then what they would do is they would go and travel for several wrought months each spring and fall they would prisoned another hospitals and became very known to other physicians. Doctor will really felt that jealousy amongst the medical profession would be a detriment and sharing of knowledge was really critical for the profession. You can tell by the honors and awards that they were very well respected by their. Peers doctor williams asked to give an address colleges for graduating classes of 1910, and that is when he articulated that the needs of the patient come first, which is our primary value here at mail clinic. All we do is for our patients. We also realized we needed education and research to be able to provide that great care for our patients. We still practice with that so education we have five schools here at mayo clinic and we also have Many Research laps so that we can advance Research Medicine and science. The history of mayo clinic its like the history of rochester. The city has grown and expanded right along with male clinic to provide Different Services and amenities for our patients just as mayo clinic has. Were we are in a place of has a Heritage Hall called the gallery. We have cubbies built into the custom woodwork here that present different treasures, different facets of males unique contributions to medicine and society. Over here is an iconic shirt. It is a baseball sign by lugar. He was a patient here in 1939. The black and white photo shows mr. Garry as a patient. He gave back in many ways. He defended local youth, included a fellow named bob tierney. He gave him pitching batting lessons. At the American Legion team on a soldiers field. Bob asked mr. Garry to sign his lucky ball. We think he did it on his birthday in june 1939, the day he was diagnosed with a el estes here at mail clinic. But kept the ball for 75 years and the color photo shell spot as an elderly man still treasury that baseball. The end of this life bob sold the ball to any shuffling, a Business Executive here in rochester. And he bought the ball for the sole purpose that he and his daughter taylor when we see in the photo, would give it to mail clinic to display, to inspire our patients. We have generosity across many generations coming together with this one baseball signed by a Great American awfully. Other examples here would be the replica of the nobel prize that male clinic will see in 1950 Staff Members doctor edward candle a Laboratory Scientist and doctor philippe hands, a clinical rheumatologist Work Together on the invention and clinical use of cortisone a drug that many of us know now, they receive the nobel prize, a classic example from a bridge of discovering something and a lap to applying it to the care of patients. Of course the word came to mail clinic by a text message, not the way you would get a text message on your phone, but by a Western Union telegram announcing that. They were showed team base in their philosophy that they used part of their prize money for the nobel award, and they gave it to their laboratory and clinical assistance one of their assistants was a franciscan sister. With her vow of poverty she could not accept the financial recognition, so they found a way to deal with. That they said sister, that is just fine, we will send you on a trip to europe, and you can meet the pope. So they always found ways to contribute and give back to others. Other artifacts. And early telephone. We always love technology, here at mail clinic. Doctor mail had the first telephone in this region. It connected his farmhouse with his office. The idea of patient convenience, you could walk into the local area and called doctor mail at his home. This was transformative, disruptive technology. At that time the local newspaper at that time had to print an article how to place a telephone. Call it was so new to people, they did not know what to do. The papal ash the paper assured them that your voice and doctor males voice will be as clear a mile apart as if you are in the same room. They went on these long, elaborate directions, talking to this, listen for that and various things. It was a new way of communicating through medical care. 1919, when the mail family, the brothers and their wives made the joint decision to donate the assets of the clinic and their life savings to a nonprofit mission, here is the deed of gift a legal document they signed and the inquiry they used by the ankle by the male family. This is a legal document but it is kind of a statement of their philosophy. If you read it through the legal terminology the wear on twos and all of that, theres a couple of powerful sentences that really stand out and one of them, the males wrote, that the ultimate purpose of the clinic, past, present and, future must be measured by its contributions to the good of humanity. They did not say this disease are open this lab or run this program. They said serve humanity. That will never go out of business. Other examples here, on the eve of world war ii, male began working in aviation. Planes could fly higher but crews were crashing because they were blacking out at that high level not having sufficient oxygen. Planes were crashing and crews were getting killed. Male understands blood circulation so he begins working in different ways. Top secret during those war years. They developed the g suit for to keep the Blood Pressure up, allowing the pilot and crew to remain conscious while they were flying in higher altitudes. We also developed a High Altitude of oxygen masks and several other innovations of arrow medicine. This invention is still used in aviation today. It helped launch the jet age, and the space travel. It all has roots and male aviation research. At that time, we charge the government one dollar a year for our wartime services. Our whole realize philosophically of giving. Back it opened up the era of open heart surgery. Here you see a large photograph of the early heart lung bypass machine. There was a doctor in philadelphia, doctor given who developed a lung heart bypass machine. The heart would stop beating during surgery, but the machine would take over giving oxygen to keep the patient alive. With doctor give been, i believe had one patient survive and for patients died. He abandoned, he could not go on. That male thought there was some merit in doctor givens technology, so we essentially reengineered his machine. We took engineers, surgeons, nurses, technicians we put them all together to create this now called the mail given, heart lung bypass machine. That is what you see. There it transformed heart surgery. If you know anybody with an open heart surgery or heart transplant, perhaps. It began with a machine just like that. Our first patient at mayo clinic right over here. Linda. She was a fiveyearold girl from bismarck near north dakota. She was dying of a heart defect. She had very short time to live her parents grew out of here with no other hope. Her life was saved on that machine. That on her sixth birthday after her operation, she had a wonderful life. She is a lovely person. I interviewed her a number of times. Linda came back to mayo clinic on the 50th anniversary of her heart surgery. Our guest of honor at the surgical congress. Look what she gave us. She gave us her autograph book and her get well cards that her mother had saved for her. We tell our new employees when they come in here on their tour, behind every invention at mayo clinic, there is always a story. My daughters love this. There is a typical autograph book. She has world famous surgeons autograph. Cleaning ladies autograph, the landlady of her rooming house, the kid next to her all jumbled together. You see the very childish squall squabble. Lovely way of all these good people who were all around her. She tells a story i remember she described this very vividly. She was young. Five years old. The night before surgery. She remembers tell young men and white jackets. They got on her knees to talk to her eye to eye and said, tomorrow, you will fall asleep. When you wake up your whole life will change. She said i had no idea how nervous they must have been. She was their first patient. You give this amazing trust. Medicine is undergoing vast changes. Even in my career here at mayo clinic, ive seen tremendous advances in medicine. The cases only accelerate and as we look at these exciting future, this dynamic potential, that medicine can do for Better Health of people all over the world we come back to the unchanging things and at mayo clinic there is the seeing in the gang of enduring values and dynamic innovation. And the values, the history is the foundation, it does not hold us back, it empowers us to go forward. But we have to understand that history and value it, and interpreted for every generation, and that will keep us grounded, it will keep us going forward, and the future is very exciting. In february, 1957, a new influenza virus emerged from asia, leading to a pandemic that killed more than one Million Worldwide and 116,000 in the united states. Some Health Officials predict the coronavirus could have a similar effect as the 1957 flu. Next on reel america, a half hour educational broadcast explaining asian flu as it was spreading throughout the united states. Westinghouse broadcasting in pittsburgh teamed up with the american medical association, the u. S. Public health service, and university of pittsburgh to produce the silent invader. The film is from the u. S. National library of medicines digital collections. In the public