Transcripts For DW DocFilm 20240713

For. Instance the 1st a. B. A. To sort through the end date double time that set those sites 0 crossing the Atlantic Ocean nonstop. The smom people they were conquerors of Long Distances and they fought against wind and weather they were in complete control of airplane technology if they were true heroes those on the wish to share it. Without todays navigational aids they flew into the unknown battling the forces of nature and their own necks. Weather conditions in the atlantic or a horrific story sometimes because as Everybody Knows even the atlantic is in is much less safe on predictable. Several pioneering aviators lost their lives attempting to cross the Atlantic Ocean by plane. In. New york city that was the destination of countless migrants and adventurous. For centuries it was only possible to reach america by ship. Until 100 years ago when the age of transatlantic flight and modern travel dawned. The final years of the sky began competing for the aviation equivalent of the blue ribbon and they piloted this low loud propeller airplanes by sight to reach new york sensational flights which especially in those early days of open single engine planes could easily be facing. Probably the most famous chance atlantic a. T. s it was the american Charles Lindbergh. On may the 20th 927. 00 lindbergh took off from long island in his motto paying the spirits of st louis. 33 and a half hours later he landed in paris and made a v. H. S. In history as the 1st person to make a solo nonstop flights across the Atlantic Ocean. But even with bloomberg there was a big crowd cheering on his takeoff from new york and a huge audience waiting for him when he. Landed many hours later in paris. Even mention many. Americans celebrated lindbergh as a national hero. On his return hundreds of thousands grease of him like a celebrity. President Calvin Coolidge presented him with the 1st ever distinguished flying cross the highest us award in aviation. Pictures of the event was seen across the world. 100. Cameras present and the footage was shown in the news reels and the Media Coverage of the event in the 1920 s. Created such a lasting impression that its still etched in the public memory. But was not the 1st to come to the atlantic by plane to british men had managed the journey 8 years earlier their time hearing achievement was largely forgotten. 1919 just one year after the end of world war one many former military flyers were unemployed they had survived battles and dropped bombs now they tried to make ends meet in civil aviation. They presented their skills and set record after record. German military pilots could not compete because the treaty of versailles prohibited them from flying. Transatlantic nonstop flights had never been achieved. But ever since the british newspaper the daily mail had announced a prize of 10000 pounds for making the journey a race to fly across the atlantic was underway. That was an incredibly high some back then. So of course many of the lets call them. More dogs were delighted to compete in that arena he says felt so because even. In the spring of 919. 00 a small group of dead devil fly is gathered at an airfield in newfoundland they were going to attempt the impossible to fly to europe. An american newspaper called them suicide on. This well do you deal if i say the ones who 1st made the leap across the atlantic right delist and adventurers like to just take a look at the planes from that time. And also. These were cloth covered wooden boxes with engines that generally didnt last more than 40 alice before they had to be replaced i suppose for. The risk of engine failure during a flight over the atlantic was exorbitantly high. In that sense of the word suicidal was actually quite fitting because the. 2 of these adventurous seasoned British Military pilots. As a d. S. Not dissin i saw the 1st ones and theyre the real heroes today theyre somewhere in the shadows theyre not in the spotlight. Theyre in brown to englishman the theyve got a largely unchanged old english bomber Vickers Vinnie which they modified in particular they modified it to be able to take much more fuel for the distance. Than him for the. Plan to fly the more than 3000 kilometer long journey through a rain and snow in an open unprotected cockpit by the people with that was because pilots back then believed that you had to be able to see what was going on outside an experienced pilot needed to feel the wind he needed to smell whether the engines were working he perceived the flight situation through his own senses. The ground where. Experienced flying but they had little sense of what lay ahead of them over the water. No one before them had flown that far out of the open ocean. In the early afternoon of june the 14th 1919 the 2 british pilots decided to take advantage of the good weather for they take off. Their plane was overloaded with fuel and struggle to ascend. One exhaust pipe tore off during takeoff let made the plane so loud that the 2 could only communicate in writing. This is how for alice they flew over the water. This is a grand excursion far nothing but for. Some stars or only. Care for a sandwich brown scribbled that message to his planet colleague on a piece of paper. They had often problems with rain and snow. The cockpit on their aircraft was an open. Field that rain water they went in through. And they actually lost out the children who were tumbling toward the ocean. Just before colliding with the water alcott finally managed to regain control of the plane i could already clearly see the foam on the waves as navigator brown would lay so right. More than once the fuel gauge disappeared under snow and ice during the flight. Brown had to climb up onto the wings to clear them. After 16 and a half hours the flight the irish coast finally came into sight. They flew in live close to the village of clifton they saw a meadow and decided to land there but the meadow turned out to be a bark the landing became a crash landing but they had maintained. Atlantica prize one british victory and brown our hero is the london times herald success. London is celebrated in the streets king george the 5th knighted alcott and brown bus beyond the British Isles their pioneering journey was hardly mentioned and before long almost entirely forgotten. All 100 al cock and brown had the problem of radio and Television Access that was still completely underdeveloped on myself and the contents of indian meant in so if someone in canada decided to fly to europe the time it took for that messages to reach europe caused a problem on this one so they took off from an area with relatively few people from st johns on the canadian island of newfoundland and the place where they landed in ireland was also remote and. All your the when the people from the nearest airfield arrived they asked what are you doing here. They had no idea that these were the 1st to conquer the north atlantic not atlantic but. Just 3 weeks later on july the 6th 919 and a ship crossed the atlantic for the 1st time. This rare footage shows the arrival of the british are 34 in new york the lies of an aircraft was largely based on the germans their plan. Their journey to new york took 108 hours. Just over 4 days and nights it was the 1st flights from east to west against the prevailing wind direction. 3 days after landing the others before set off back to europe with a tail wind blowing west to east the return trip took only 75 hours just over 3 days. But the majestic airships could no longer keep pace with the new age in which speed was everything within 10 years commercial airplane travel within europe had become almost commonplace. The German Airline door to love turns are offered flights from munich to what was then the pression city of clinics back and also to madrid and copenhagen. Life was becoming increasingly fast paced and distances were effectively shrinking. In the burnin district of temple hall of a new airport with modern check in counters was opened. By flying across the atlantic from east to west against the wind that remained a dream. Until the end of the 920. 00 s. That is when the story of that 1st transatlantic journey began in temple. It was pioneered by live turns as night flight director in temple hall of. Korea was a highly decorated world war one military pilots he chose a very special plane for his attempt the young cursed w 33. 00 a single engine all metal aircraft. It was more weatherproof and reliable than the cloth covered wooden planes. This was a custom made model built especially for the transatlantic flight. There was no door so pilots had to enter through the hatch. Additional fuel tanks were installed in the wings airbags were added intended to keep the plane afloat in case of Emergency Landing on board. The engine had 50 horsepower more than the standard model the additional tanks held some 2000 pieces of fuel and yet it wasnt clear whether this would be enough. Calculating the precise amount of fuel needed for a manually controlled visual flight was impossible especially if the plane were to encounter atlantis storms. Just 14927 the 1st attempt to cross the atlantic westward failed to w. 33 is the braman and the road her ran into bad weather and had to turn back. The europa crashed and only the bremen managed to return. But courage was undeterred to get there with his partner 11 feet going to have high heaven who know if it from braman he began searching for sponsors because what they needed above all was funding. From uniphase the press office a German Shipping Company not the actual loyd made it his mission to secure it. Continued for a while and for only a 3rd was a committed and determined person it got sealant he couldnt fly because the result of but he did want to order a truthfully suit his health was very poor he was blind in one eye and needed a monocle to see with the other plus he had a war injury and hed have a lot of stomach surgery and all he was an ailing person i think head of and but his enthusiasm and his vision of crossing the atlantic were stronger than the obstacles. Its the hidden is and had he gathered up all the private assets he still had and invested them in this flight had indeed been a fluke in this year that if we had in mind their lives for us to hear he said fine ah cancel my Life Insurance asif column he put up 80000 marks and said ill buy the plane. But then i want to fly in it to. Every image. And unify both the brim and from aircraft designer who got younkers with this plane they wanted to attempt the journey again in spring 928 but it was risky several pilots had lost their lives trying to make the east West Crossing and more and more people were saying that single engine planes were completely unsuitable for the route because of that one engine failed your luck was over. This without there was a Smear Campaign saying that this was a mad endeavor. That it was impossible to cross the atlantic from europe to america nonstop by plane when so many what is sheer so the pressure on them was rising yellow and. d turns our friends into fiacre if you attempted the flight German Authorities also wanted to stop him. So coup decided to do it clandestinely. In the Early Morning of march 26th 928 the breman set off from tampa hove. Had officially scheduled a test flight to decile become for those crew when it became clear that curly intended to attempt the flight anyway the aviation officials were ordered to confiscate the plane and. That curt other flew decile the test flight was a ruse the real target was ireland wake her and from whom if it wanted to make a stopover before crossing the atlantic. Island is the western most tip of europe which is why most of the asian pioneers chose it as their destination or departure point. Not far from the capital dublin. Lize bell donald the main base of the irish air force. Landed on the airfield in march 928 hoping for support was. All up on his own failed combing through donald for the force leg of the transatlantic flight air role to the government here and got permission to use pal Donald Arthur city d. The irish air corps in bel donal was led by another passionate pilot commandant James Fitzmaurice d. d the irish man also dreamed of conquering the atlantic by plane and like her he had already attempted the journey once before despite not sharing a language the 3 aviators got along immediately fitzmaurice he was Commanding Officer and bow down ahead of time was able to use the resources of the station troops to take the ground the poor the Railway Sleepers in to put the fuel on the aircraft of if you are the field you know get the weather forecasts are back on a store so are the resources of a military aviation station where according to action boy fitzmaurice for this flight just before. But the weather wasnt playing along. In early april 928. 00 it rained for several days in a row. The airfield had grass landing fields which became so soggy that it was impossible to take off in a plane overloaded with field. Curve proposed taking fitzmaurice on the flight. The irishman was delighted he saw it as an opportunity to make up for his failed 1st attempt. Curry was also happy. With the experienced pilots on board as well they would be able to take turns steering the long flight. April 12th 928 at last it was telling. At 5 12 am the engine was started the pilots let it warm up for a quarter of an hour it was running quietly and evenly could describe the scene the rescue vehicles are already in position if they take off aerials theyll dig us out of the rubble. At 5 30 am the command was given to remove the chocks the plane began to roll its takeoff weight was more than 3 and a half tons it only slowly accelerated. The plane lumbered into the year and jolted downwards. But then it was a loft and flying towards america. Once theyd crossed ireland the atlantic compared with the lighthouse creasing in the distance. Before long we were flying over bare red cliffs and the atlantic was beneath us it was almost as if it felt respect for the silver bird flying over it. There was only a gentle swirl and gently rippled waves to the south there was a steamer at 1st and the last one of the long flight. But before long dark clouds appeared on the iranians and. Its meant to work just like. You have near the weather turned bad and they only had a compass with them and they came into such strong winds that he began to think theyd have to turn around. Blue for grief to go over the see. Behind that the massive dark cloud was piling up. It became horribly cold. So the headwinds pushing against them all the time pushing them off course they had to navigate through storms very bad weather going overboard the storms to navigate by the stars coming down to the sea level to see what way the wind was affecting the waves and the spray to get wind direction and then having to go back to get the medium so Everything Everything was stacked against them between whether or not to gauge and communication. The wind grab the plane and hold it was the waves the wings trembled at times the aircraft seemed on the verge of bursting apart so one stage i think you were able to 12 hours into the flow and fitzmorris how to open the cockpit stand on the seat get down into the on to the floor to feel around work because there was fluid there that in the words engine oil are a fuel he came back or locked the cockpit down wrote a note and said you have a problem. Engine damage at this stage would have meant certain death as the men well knew and the plane that gone off course in the storm. But when morning dawned they saw they were flying over ice and snow over land was this labrador in canada beneath them how much longer with the engine hold out they changed course to fly south east and search for some sign of civilization then they spotted a light when they lowered the arctic. They realize that this was a hoax on green the oil and so they stay flew around to shake it around the oil and until they found a flock area which turned out to be a frozen lake as he put the aircraft down on a perfect 3 point landing. The landing gear broke into the ice and was damaged but they had made it they were in north america after 36. 00 and a half hours and the. Only later when they realized that they could even if made it to new york. When we measured the fuel that was in the aircraft after they landed they read lawyers that they had flown toys the distance if they had gone straight on to new york theyd flown toys that distance were all the zig zagging when they measured the fuel they had they had marginal fuels to carry on. In new york the 3 transatlantic audiences were given a rousing reception a confetti parade on 5th avenue that supplies everything seen before. Over 2000000 people lined the streets to cheer them. This time the birthplace the speaker it really shows how tremendously excited people were about this is chief mount and not just officials but the general population of this well. In new york hammond cooper was reunited with his wife elizabeth could always supported her husband and feared for his safety. If they moved before him so try to imagine explaining to your wife or your find somewhere to go and that you dont know whether youll be coming back but how mark kirk was so enthusiastic and so focused on the fork that his wife said ok in the head and afterwards she sent a telegram he called her pater and she wrote i remember your pater. David brame in 3 in america everywhere the irishman and the 2 germans went in the u. S. They would say. Liberated as heroes in chicago and st louis they were made on rary citizens their pioneering deed became a symbol of peace and international and astounding. 10 years before the bremen slate and britain and germany were at war and already been part of the British Empire it was at war with germany dantin so im sure that cole and fitzmorris recognized this and this is a moment in history. The braman 3 were also congratulated by Charles Lindbergh who had successfully set his own record by flying the same routes in the opposite direction the previous year. In washington they were received by president who presented coup fun huna fate and fitzmorris with the distinguished flying cross they were the 1st non americans to receive this award. In braman germany their reception was as momentous as the one in america hellman could lay so we called the event a tremendous impression this reception made rodders the uplifting certainty that we had become tools for building bridges from country to country from continent to continent. At the end of june there was a reception in berlin where it had all begun. But we dont want to add to what we sat out here in silence to do it has resulted in a tremendous welcome or huge enthusiasm in the nations of this world well. Look at what we got it wrong and add your own on the. Run. From the bottom of my hard drive thank you all for the welcome you have given us here. After all such a small leap over the water. Had to be taken. Down one. Of the pioneers of aviation women. And if you would surround the world courageous female pilots were also conquering the air. In germany there were 21. 00 women flying at the beginning of the 930. 00 society is in the west was still largely conservative and patriarchal despite the raucous image of the previous decade most female aviators started out as aerobatic pilots performing at flying shows to cheering audiences some later set their sights on new records. And spearheaded very special careers. Or highly energetic individuals who you might say were obsessive about their vision. They managed to get themselves to the same level as their male colleagues they were fanatical about flying and took on challenges where it wasnt clear whether they could make it like top level athletes still suffer as. They were heroines in the public eye at that time. And place. Many female pilots had male role models. For the chairman. It was hamman could although she didnt utter lies him. Because he had looked like a hero then i would have gone home and figured alright thats the way it is. But he was stuck in a bit closer to the image of an ordinary citizen. So i thought to myself my god if you can do it then maybe i can. Be next morning i went straight to the president of the aero club who said. My dear child settle down and marry a nice man and im sure you dont have the money to buy yourself a plane so. Only buying one became world famous for her Long Distance flights in 1982 she became the 1st female pilot to circumnavigate the earth covering 31000 flight kilometers she did not shy away from being a woman in a male domain. Nor did the american pilot Amelia Earharts probably the most famous female pilots in the world became the 1st woman to successfully fly nonstop from america to europe so. Bad weather forced her to make an Emergency Landing in london derry in Northern Island on may 20th 932 but she too had conquered the atlantic she became an idol for Young American women. And fought for equality and respect she was the 1st woman to receive the distinguished flying cross presented to her by president hoover. Media earharts was not only brave she also encouraged other female pilots saying if women are passionate about flying not only as a sport but as an everyday means of transportation then aviation will advance all by itself. In 1987 earhart tried to become the 1st person to circumnavigate the earth along the quayside. She took off from new guinea on july 2nd on one of the last legs of her journey. Her destination was Howland Island in the Central Pacific but she and her navigator never arrived. Officially Amelia Earharts was lost at sea research to determine exactly what happened to her still ongoing but so far her disappearance remains a mystery. Another pioneering aviation it was Daryl Markham from britain. She crossed the atlantic in september 936 in the difficult ericsson flying against the wind from england to america. Before taking off in london she said these words to the assembled press. Back there. Right there at the other. Barrel mark him had bad luck but survived her feline froze over the atlantic and she almost crashed miraculously she was able to reach nova scotia where she crash landed the planes nose got stuck in a people. Fortunately marken was only slightly injured. She feared the crowd. Would disqualify her record attempt but it didnt. Occur plain brought her to new york the next day where her arrival was celebrated. Like mad at. Their own work and was a professional pilot in east africa crossed the african bush accompanied safari and flew mail after she retired from her pilot career she withdrew from the public eye and wrote books her memoir west with the night became a best seller. Aviation records usually brought fame to those who set them they also paved the way for commercial aviation mail planes with the 1st to regularly fly between europe and america flying saves time time is money and there was profit to be made from flying mail bags and stock market nice. 19th century. And temples the dr love turns up a major hub for transport to north america and even further to rio de janeiro. But the. Plane would leave berlin with the night mail in the evening flying toward spain. Later the mail was loaded on to see planes and bathurst. Takes them off to start the next day they would fly across the atlantic and by the following morning my mail would be in brazil 24 hours after it had left berlin if you want to. See planes such as the donny or j. Were used for the a mail service at 1st they couldnt manage a nonstop transatlantic flight and had to be refueled in midocean. Supply ships were positioned for this purpose and the pilots would locate them with the help of radio. It might seem like a lot of effort for mail but it was one that paid off most of it was business. And it served as a test run for another development. Mind lead dammit this laid the foundations for the development of Passenger Air travel. Having this air mail route to south america where many germans lived was a good way to test long haul flights from. The goal of transporting paying passengers in flying boats across the atlantic seemed within reach. In the mid 930 s. One of the most important landing sites for the fixed wing sea planes was built on the west coast of ireland finds on the banks of the river shannon. A perfectly protected water area acted as a natural runway for large aircraft at the end of the 1930 s. Finds became the 1st hub of the burgeoning transatlantic passenger traffic. So we were in the middle of the atlantic so you left from new york you went to newfoundland you had to come here. And all of that and then continue to africa our porch so in that sense this became the center between western east. In the summer of 939 long range flying boats like the boeing 314 clipper used by the american pan am and british beer way see airlines began regularly transporting passengers between the old and the new world. Never before had traveling between europe and america been so fast but it was very expensive. If you were just passenger maximum 202223 passengers crossing the atlantic so that they had. They had. If they wish to venture into flight they were on dress and their shoes would be taken by the stewards polished their jackets pressed back of the morning and thought of board was old standard fresh food prepared on board by 2 stewards in the galley so you have. Thats the kind of level because it was a known journey i mean sometimes you could be 13 or 14 hours between newfoundland depending on the weather. Luxury voyages across the atlantic in sea planes a mere 10 years after coup from unified and fitzmorris is pioneering flight. In germany meanwhile the focus was no longer on flying boats instead engineers were working on nonstop flights from berlin to new york the nazi regime invested money in developing new planes. Now imagine airplanes capable of carrying more passengers and more cargo and of being able to fly the Long Distances reliably. On such plane was the f w 200 a 4 engine propeller aircraft in the summer of 938 s. Manufacturing attempted to set a record. Passenger seats were replaced by extra fuel tanks and an august 10th the plane took off from the west of berlin without the public noticing. Its destination was new york captain his copilot. Radio operator vita corba Flight Engineer paula dia back there. Crew wanted to attempt the nonstop journey and then modify plane. So you got the plane had actually been designed only for continental flights but there are always been a vision of using it for long haul flights and the trip across the atlantic showcased this vision so when. 25 hours after takeoff the flock of f w 200. 00 reached new york and airplane with a swastika flying over Floyd Bennett field in the american metropolis. It was a perfectly states propaganda move. To direct flights between berlin and new york seemed to solidify the connection and the german atlantic pioneers was celebrated as hero. But soon after world war 2 eradicated civil aviation. Flights during the 2nd world war once again airplanes were carrying bombs instead of passengers and yes the i think you should proof is the real professionalization of transatlantic flights took place amazingly during the 2nd world war for love to sort of. War planes built in the u. S. And canada flew over the atlantic to be used in battle in europe. I dont know its between 19019458 total of 37000 aircraft were brought by air from the us to europe thats about 20 flights a day this is. All a brutal driver of modernization. Germany made 950 s. After the 2nd world war the allies did not allow left turns out to fly until 955. Meanwhile atlanta flights had become almost commonplace but they were still lengthy it was all about us if you do not like if we take a look at the 1st flights over the atlantic starting from here in hamburg if your plane would leave here in the evening at 7 pm influence britains with its 1st flu within germany either to dissolute or for frankfurt where more passengers could board the position it would seem starting from. Next the plane continued to ireland where it had to make another stop even at this time planes could not make it across the atlantic without refueling and engine maintenance. Around 10 pm the plane was finally ready to begin its transatlantic flight. This leg of the journey took around 10. Passengers would learned in new york some 13 hours after boarding and flights were exorbitantly expensive before for the hub not the york in the flight from hamburg to new york in Economy Class a cost 2600 50. 00 marks before and at that time average employees are in between 2300. 00 marks a month meaning were talking about spending an entire years salary on one flight so. Today the journey across the atlantic takes 6 to 8 hours and flights are affordable in fact aviation has become such a mess phenomenon that its a problem the pioneers we need now are those who can make flying as climate neutral as possible something the dead able pilots of a century ago could hardly have imagined. Odd. Cause. And. Care to change an entire country. And saddam no one talked about startups until mushrooming turn up the voting entrepreneurs are bringing scenes to the desert and making such a result of the plants. Projects like these could help the countrys economy slow down the t. V. Show for starbucks a. 30 minute spot. He takes it personally i do anything with a little wonderful people and stories that make the game so special. For all true fans lock up. The more than subtle on line can i am. Sick closest place to hell just the. Evening. Niceties and he. Thought. I would get our story. Because a. Mosque. Is a. Starts january 27th on d w. This is d w news live from the World Leaders say theyll uphold an arms embargo and a pledge to help end the fighting in libya german chancellor Angela Merkel hosts a key players in the long running conflict at a major summit right here in berlin theyve agreed to quote frayne the from interfering in the war but will that change the situation on the ground