And how these beliefs can be changed . The start filming us, plea for new perspectives, stuff. October 20th us dw, the, the, she helped us understand the gender gap in the labor market. Now claudia golden has been awarded the nobel prize in economics and helps close and gender gap over the phone, as only the 3rd female laureate will hear from one of her former students. And the i m f and the world bank holding the joints meeting in morocco. The sign of their increasing focus on africa will look at one of the projects based and investing, and this is dw business. Im not even the welcome to the show. The 20 twentys a prize in economics has been awarded to us labor economist, claudia golden. The harvard professor advanced the worlds understanding of womens progress in the labor markets, golden cities, 200 years of womens participation in the workplace. Her Research Provides the 1st comprehensive account of gender gaps in the labor market throughout the centuries. One of her key findings is that womens participation in paid work did not increase definitely over time, but the gender gaps close for radically golden is only the 3rd woman to win the prize out of 93. 00 laureates. Android. Now by simon you guy, hes an associate professor and economics at the Massachusetts Institute of technology, claudia golden, and simon, you got worked together at harvard, simon, thank you so much for coming on the show. So thank you for having me. So i mean, if you would have to summarize claudia golden, single most impactful idea, how would you summarize it from yours . I think her biggest idea is to use the power of the economics theory and data to understand the pollution off womens participation in the labor market. In particular, under us, over the last 200 years and how influential have her ideas, her work been for economics as a discipline. I basically enormously influential and so the awards im today is im originally richly deserved, and she has won many awards in the past. And so if these im also here today, my capacity is im the head of i z a, a german Labor Economics Institute and we awarded her, um our, i see a price in liver economics in 2016. So i think the profession as a whole have been expecting thats called the golden wood. At some point. We didnt know about price for her past breaking and trailblazing work. And i am. So its a very happy day for the labor economics community. The economic History Community and all those who are interested in what i cannot make sense to contribute to the real world. Speaking about the real world, if we move outside of the economic discipline, how can her work be influential for everyday people . Concretely . Leslie are at work its and thats the beauty of study. Your social science, like economics, its very concrete in terms of its applications for our everyday life. So she studies the reasons why women still do not participate to the same extent as men in the labor market. Why theyre still a persistent earnings gap between men and women. And so her work, um, you know, clarifies some misconceptions and clears up some misconceptions about why that is and shows us directions into what are the actual factors. But even today in 2023, in many of the many countries in the us also in europe and around the world, they are pretty large gaps. And part of for work shows that large gaps in they have a market participation. Earnings between men and women emerge after the 1st child is born. Thats when the trajectories into a way diverge between men and women. And um, she particularly shows the role that labor market flexibility. So the ability to work flexible hours or have, you know, some autonomy over one schedule or an important factor or the next there off the women to participate, not as much in the labor market and particular once they are, if and when they have a, ive had a child that was simon uga, mit economist the International Monetary fund and the world bank are currently holding their annual meeting in the moroccan capital, marrakech one of the most pressing issues will be providing economic support to countries that by Natural Disaster is a topic thats certainly front of mind for the host country as well. Rocco is struggling with a water crisis. The country has suffered 5 consecutive years of droughts. Now, cutting edge irrigation technologies are helping to reduce water waste loans, worth billions of dollars provided by the world bank are helping to fund the Technology Motor car has to deal with the fact that it has less and less for time to do color region in northwest is actually a rich and fat type a but the Climate Change has led to less rainfall. You know, culture, we used to use irrigation techniques based on water canals. Now the canals dont work anymore. As too much water is wasted, not with the help of modern navigation techniques, like 3 per regression, almost none as waste. The boat bank initiated the project into the color region in 2009 with drip irrigation, the waters seeps into the saw him as close as possible to the roots of to plot. The project into color is worth the equivalent of some 158000000. 00. The farmers taking part in the project had to take out to low interest loan hacking on more fatty. This technology is expensive, but its worth it because it gives us logic folding production. When we were still relying on tradition navigation, the beach field was 40 or 50 ton, and as ive to introducing drip irrigation, the yield reach a 100 to a 120 tons packets or send me your sample box model call is one of many countries that rely on october should irrigation in the country is marked in blue between 20 and 50 percent of farm lands is irrigated. More than half of these areas in reds are irrigated, especially a nation. Worldwide, 20 percent of farmland is artificially irrigated. This land produces 40 percent of the words to maintain the regression technology in the middle east and north africa. 17000000000. 00 must be a rise and huge costs. Now tanks the irrigation farmers are driving other crops that use more water. This has met with criticism. As i said, is that i have shifted. I am. So am i going to be a good oh, even the cultural project to morocco need to be reconsidered in general. Less than that they have. The ela is that we cant use up our base of the Water Resources to grow crops for export me a little out in like watermelon. And i have a condo, it, which are not just people, foods look believe. Were not going to behave, we need to grow with the crops that contribute to our for insecurity. Well, because the middle east is north africa region is especially threatened by hunger due to view crane more of the visit. Hey im, im the one that been dealing with drip irrigation. Agriculture remains motor cars, biggest water consumer, bronze Water Supplies are becoming costs are so modern, Navigation Technology and the World Bank Project are only temporary solutions for motor cars, farming industry. Besides the african continent, International Lenders will also focus on ukraine. The russian invasion has exacted a heavy toll on the countries economy and decimated the private sector. At least 5000000 jobs have been lost since the start of the war. According to the Ukrainian Ministry of the economy, the country now faces of 15 years set back and its Poverty Reduction goals. Reviving the ukrainian private sector has become one of the focuses of the International Finance corporation, which is an arm of the world bank and has allocated 2000000000. 00 to reconstructing ukrainian businesses. Im joined now by the managing director of the International Finance corporation. Marked our d up was also at the annual meeting in marrakech at the moment. Thank you for joining us. Lets say you let me show you viking. How would you describe the current states of the private sector and ukraine . So yeah, so you can, i mean, you can, has been a pretty bounty that increased by 3. 5 percent of these. Yep. And the less you like to leave your salary, so the largest 40 do be attorneys are to be contacted by close to searching for sunday. Got to be 29. 5 percent. What was that doesnt . A huge effect was the private sector, which was the effect you done to the no, no, no you create a lot of the of the new was driven by a certain use. So i send me some particular yes. Like the size of current situation. So thats why a lot of our focus on being just want to send me and to be sure that they get a financing to be able to go to you in point a good to be able to continue to pursue that is that document is adoption gunshot reached out to be the, the sector of ours, but also in the tech where we can just due to a not equity. Right. So you mentioned agriculture and tech here, which specific sectors are the most promising and ukraines economy going forward. Also looking at future developments or because of the Economic Recovery Program of to begin to be in the beginning as investors to come to to do you agree . So as i indicated we, we are investing very much, you know, in the, i can catch up in tank. But also the transport as you know, is that truck looks like that was a much affected by, by the pricey. And he be not hunting to keep the service, just take a life easy ukraine, so that because of the level of need which is needed, we are going to be pushing also for more tre findings. As you know, the companies in new great didnt, ill access to the to find a service fee during the crises entering the war. So we all have to them to access a treat financing so that they can buy this. And so really woods and go to new functioning destiny a versus that of the media role in the i see the aspect of it in the tech sector, but also it just mod manufactory, particularly on like to reduce the job building to house and do because of some of the policy and logistics that was like the managing director of the International Finance corporation. You can find the full lines, versions of todays interviews on the dw, use youtube channel. And finally, there has been a solemn starts to trading at the new york stock exchange. The opening bell was followed by a moment of silence for the victims of the violence in israel and gaza. The so and thats our show from me in the Business Team here in berlin. Thank you for watching and see you next time the mercedes 600 tribute to the faith with president popstars and post. How did this technical marvel become an idol . We take a closer look read next. On d, w, the German Mineral Resource Agency is sounding the alarm, is the country supply of key minerals at risk. Geologists are looking for new sources of these Raw Materials and are Offering Council to industry and government. The biggest concern, the valuable metals are difficult to obtain and are becoming increasingly expensive. Tomorrow today. In 60 minutes on d, w. 12 in progress pop calls to everyone who wants to know more about this topic that concern us about this story is beyond the headline world in progress. The w talk costs the 60 years of the mercedes, 6 hundreds. How it became because a heads of states that us, im hope our Student Needs refugee is a thriving in asia with a ritual business. Outsourcing power is can travel on voice and land in the same vehicle like no unrest. C the