The minuscule world of quantum particles might be for into most of us, but not for the scientists currently using them to build a super computer. I can live i, nobody knows what quantum computing really means, but it is going to change us to this. We have placed that on the as to its champions. Quantum computers are a Pioneering Development and a game changer. If type of a quantum computer can open up an array of amazing possibilities. The scale of computer power enables us to solve problems that we are not yet even able to formulate formal yet. Its many applications include, simulating all the tools a Ground Breaking advance, and the development of new drugs. Quantum computing is still in its infancy, but is set to one day revolutionize scientific research. The what looks like a computer chip made of plastic is in fact a model of a human long scientist at a swift start up. Our aiming to tackle diseases faster with the help of a super computer. Nina whole being founded, i was able to ex, together with you on extra okay. There work one them. The 2022 swift med tech award. The team here use a pet to transfer human long cells to a thin porous membrane. The cells can then be activated mechanically to mimic a re alone. Yeah, so i wanted to see were able to simulate the cells by recreating the environment of the human body and the plastic chip for a minute. Ill be able to study them cheap and they want this little piece not this made enables us to simulate miniature organs that are far more similar to the real thing than any other options currently available. Also, im going to so to thoughts speak more similar than with in vitro testing or animal experiments. The researchers say the mock miniature long will make it easier to design new drugs. The medical modest and things like the shop is escape. The Drug Development process takes around 10 to 15 years to give them a call and speak to begin with. Youve touched a huge number of molecules and petri dishes and solemn, although theyre the sales arent really like they are on the human body. Months of there are no 3 d layers or forces of attraction for example. And so its a very basic set up. Now that you can danish, you later move on to animal experiments and conduct tests for saves and talk certain properties. So by the entire process extremely involved, especially when you think about the animal testing required. And this is where our Technology Comes in and im successful. Know, its hope the miniature long will enable researchers, most notably at pharmaceutical companies to speed up the drug testing process. Here we have the entity in selves and then you have the pnc. So the news i was really on top of your actually did you do and then click on the sofa near or you can determine far earlier whether a particular molecule is effective and whether there are side effects and it will. So humans enables you to optimize the process and ultimately lower costs, so that it by 500000000 fonts for drug, according to studies or so maybe some things that are already possible today could be done even faster and more efficiently with the technology, while also rendering animal experiments redundant, so you for you sort of feed much icons with our companies. Aim is to help in the development of better medications and the reduction of side effects for patients in florida. See, we also want our technology to help reduce or eliminate animal testing home. So these are see animal experiments are simply not adequate predictors whether i drug actually works with humans today. And e for this august asked see if we can submit the come on to the i was clumped to computers, it was my doctoral supervisor who originally got me interested in quantum computing. Thats open, im thinking and im still there today. Well, in the small back when i started studying the physics at 0 Technical University, nobody was talking about it. Id never heard of it. Dominics in booley as a researcher and lecturer at the university of basil, specializing in quanta. They are the smallest units of energy known to scientists, but with properties that would make conventional bit based. Computers looked distinctly primitive in the mall and i submitted a regular computer with regular Computing Power performs one calculation for time units or clock cycle in quantum physically. So if you have countless calculations being performed in parallel, if you need extreme tv, it actually goes through the ice, but all the be spanish. The prime example is the factor ization of a very large number of states. In this case of the quantum computer quickly arrives at the results by simultaneously trying to divide by all possible numbers called a classical computer processing. A number with several 1000 digits would take as long as the universe is old. Now and also long ago we saw in the bathroom all these at the same problem can be solved by a quantum computer and a matter of hours or even seconds. So what actually are quantum . Exploring this mysterious living world requires us to think in the smallest possible dimensions smaller still than adams. The, at this tiniest imaginable scale, the classical laws of nature no longer apply. And something fascinating happens. Quanta can exist in different states and in different places. At the same time, the quantum theory was pioneered in the 1920s by the likes of Albert Einstein and evan shutting up. They used thought experiments to illustrate these apparent paradoxes that stretch the limits of our imagination. The evans, who didnt know was an austrian physicist, primarily known today because of a cat. More specifically, an experiment that he, fortunately never carried out in practice. He imagined a cat in a box together with a device that would have a 5050. 00 chance of releasing a deadly poison in the next hour. According to quantum theory, the cat is then simultaneously both dead and alive, the but only provided we dont check inside the box. And the Quantum Mechanics system mere observation influence as the actual state inside. We cannot make an assessment without looking, including whether the cat is dead or alive. What sounds absurd was a demonstration of the conundrum at the heart of Quantum Mechanics. Simultaneously different states at the quantum level are not compatible with accepted laws of nature. And this little world particles can be linked or entangled with each other, while at the same time being in different states and places. And that simultaneity can be calculated. In the southern southern source, its a state that can be called a mathematical superposition for simultaneity. What i did, thats the data to the represented as way function size comprises a coefficient for an upward spin plus another coefficient for a downward spin that of course. And this is im alternating sickly 50. And thats how you can imagine a q bed is an arrow pointing in a random direction. Youd be getting sticking room hope to, i can come and fix the sofa. Quantum or cubits are the Building Blocks of a quantum computer. The while a normal computer process has information and bits, as ones or zeros cubits have both values. At the same time, its comparable to a flipped, coined where you dont know whether it will land heads or tails. The, the for these cubits can be controlled and used for calculations. They have to be mobilized. That in turn requires a complex procedure in which they are cooled down to temperatures, otherwise seen in outer space around a minus 270. 00 degrees celsius. So the surface area helps to again exchange the heat. So the, so the cold liquids which are pumping out is cooling the re convincing liquid system. We can actually then do the experiments, the temperature stance of 10 milligrams. So compared to, you know, for calvin, this is Something Like 400 times in temperature, ph. D. Students here at the university of basil, are assembling a small quantum computer with a small number of cubits. The aim is to deploy the technology for a variety of applications once its been fully developed. Quantum computers within simulate molecules, for example, leading to the development of new drugs and the elimination of deadly diseases. Another potential application is Renewable Energy storage. The of the technology has already brought benefits to logistics operations. The introduction of quantum algorithms has helped to increase the speed and capacity of Cargo Movement at the port of los angeles. As a result, the facility now operates more efficiently and with less energy. Quantum computing seems to have a highly lucrative business potential for years now. A range of Tech Companies including google and ibm and a nation state players like china, have been in a rigs to build the 1st High Performance quantum computer. The money invested in research is in the billions switzerland has a different approach. Uptown, basil infiniti uses private sector funding to provide companies with free access to American Quantum computers. The, the hub is called quantum basil and is headed by the mere bogdan proclaimed almost all the industry, the problems facing industry is are getting increasingly complex. Thought is not due to the use of Artificial Intelligence as a factor. Of course they nothing. But when you eventually reach certain limits, it reaches its limits, then you have to think a couple of steps ahead and how many things change the scene to be cancelled on the good Artificial Intelligence applications. Could one find more efficiently on Quantum Computers that to, to go and when i say efficiency and i mean not only computing speed i but also energy efficiency. The hump works with a hybrid system. Combining conventional and Quantum Computers. Startups in the program can turn to ibm credit like flow to for advice on tackling their problems and on thinking outside of the box taskbar management, the 1st thing is to break down the individual issues and look at which specific quantum algorithm is it all relevant as a land and as quantum is a completely different kind of calculating. It enables you to give the problem is a complete we think of people planned for how to find a new approach. So its an extended load. This involves what we call the quantum state of mind with a quantum state of mind. Lets sum 40 studies have already been conducted on the basis of the quantum computer with the purpose of simplifying and accelerating the development of medication. Mix ended and made it seem and sometimes it says in both medicine and health care because were seeing a significant increase in the data available. But it also in the range of data, is it some of the payments, data bits, data for fitness, tractors, fitness data and medical records and so on, concoct onto the tons of fault. So when i advanced processing the complex correlations between all those data data, it requires the kind of Computing Power the Classical Computers struggle to achieve and plus you get as well. And thats where a Quantum Computers have a real potential cost to put in. So an example from the pharmaceutical industry to data researchers have covered just one percent of all potentially active molecules for drugs. That should be good to call it some bases reflected in cancer treatment, for example, have to only one and 3 patients respond directly to drug based therapy is to help you so far. Its um, we also have really wont be able to resolve all of these challenges with quantum computing printer, but were confident of being able to help with some of that. And its not from this. Nope, as a coffin, further south and burn the team and how the lakes are hoping to resolve. One of those problems in the very near future. Quantum computers can be used to evaluate huge amounts of data. Providing Detailed Insights into a patients genetic makeup or the small scale replica of alone or another. Oregon is designed to deliver more effective treatments for Cancer Patients. But the police, we dont know yet, which of the different types might be effective . Its coming to through the thinking you could look at the genome and wonder what the best one for the patient is, and maybe make a customized comp trial. The patient might, vince dont send them, you know, syrupy. And when they have a break, thats when we can take your tissue sample altima. It data to cut my own baby for the bucks here, placing the sample onto our organ on chip, we would then try out a new car sale. You said that would have a visual effects when the patient goes to the next treatment. Has whats especially crucial for Cancer Patients is minimized, saw to fix, instead of additional suffering, you want them to be safe and getting the most effective medication available. And thats where we can help if its different, if me to come and pick them up for me that i talk with. At the same time, elvia likes wants to help eliminate animal testing from pre clinical studies. The decades animal experiments have been standard procedure in the development of new drugs. With rodents, the most widely used species in switzerland alone, labs performed tests on over half a 1000000 animals a year. The phones they asked us to lose our medias. To objective is to reduce animal experiments asking me to come in. There are large number of drugs that are on the 16th with the human genome and human cells making animal test 0 advantage. Got conflict that had somebody to come in. So i would say to drugs, dont even reach democracy because they dont prematurely, in the pre Clinical Study phase. A one bus. Oh, i am is not removing all of them from the market. But as long as she knew most of the via tests where the animals are under stream pine and do risk for future experiments with so there are 2 levels of 3. 00 and 4. 00. Do you have an option for com and then were very optimistic about helping to make this happen. The soonest. Equity hoffman. What does middle say about because of the but in europe, their efforts space a hurdle . The European Medicines Agency refuses to grant approval for drugs without animal testing beforehand. In the united states, however, a bill passed in 2020 to remove the requirement for animal tests prior to market approval. And a proposed update on that legislation would also allow tests using computer models or artificial organs. The, there is already Large Scale Research in the us on this front, as seen at the Cleveland Clinic in the state of ohio. The latest breakthrough, there is an in house quantum computer, the its the 1st quantum computer in the world to be uniquely dedicated to health care research. And its work will be much appreciated. Given the clinics, 10000000. 00 patient visits per year. John r smith is a Senior Researcher at ibm and highlights the dividends from the vast amounts of medical data. This has the potential to drive our pace of progress to addressing the important disease challenges that were facing and challenges and, and paid patient care. So much faster and to produce breakthroughs and discoveries that will be absolutely essential for all of us. In march 2023, the clinic officially unveiled its treasured quantum computer it c o. Welcome to guests from cleveland and further afield. Thank you very much. Were bringing something new to our organization is something new to the world, the quantum computer system, one, it sounds a little bit sense fiction that is right behind me is the most advanced Computational Technology and computational platform that exists. Were very excited because it is going to allows us to advance the Research Advanced discovery, advanced medical care. But we also very excited because it will create a lot of jobs among the guests invited to the event, was the mere bogdan from quantum basil and uptown basil, which is no coincidence. The us is the leading market and the development of Quantum Computers and uptown is a partner of ibm for the moment stage. And most of all the sure things think and australian thing tank. Publish the studies citing 44. 00 technologies that will change the world to them that once within a few and, and china is already leading and 37. 00 of them nights in c. No theater, just behind on the i am for the and one of the remaining 7 where the us as a, had it says the field of quantum computing, ornament, or task. Each clumped to compute the bad news for the new to with a failed partnership agreement, making cooperation more difficult. The in china for the st. So was it for the, the decision by switzerland or the you that switzerland cannot be involved in the Horizon Program and all that means we have to find someone else to work with me to being somebody all this whole time. It doesnt mean of ton. Basil is no longer interested in your opinion partnerships off the shelf, but we are in the us a lot because of all thats happening there last spring up there. And also the movie that we do is so another attraction for the company, executive is the Silicon Valley mentality. A world away from the conservative risk averse approach in switzerland to all the things movies are gonna hit cheat sci fi that said meet switzerland does have a lot of strong points that pretty beyond 30. We have brilliant research in this area in bottles and that the p s o n direct Technical University. Always menus for these specially phase what were missing sometimes as a proper climate for startups to grow in the city startups. And thats a lot better in the u. S should be switching it through to see the width of the Quantum Computers. Evolution to data promises incredible opportunities in the future. But scientists and universities are more cautious about developments quoted booked until always. Theres a risk of it, perhaps taking longer and of certain problems coming up at all to provide a building a quantum computer that can immediately solve gigantic problems. Wont be easy for blame holidays because it will have to be one step at a time. So maybe that todays computers took many, many years into the download come on system and Quantum Computers will likely be the same fitness and need 10 years or more to complete. Right now were still researching the basics of the hood. Same in the other for 6, for the chrome, little bit more cubits means more Computing Power. The ibm Quantum Computers and commercial use today have 433 of them. Although currently fewer research is still focused on the physics of the individual cubits. Also get to use a cube, its the same, some cubits are relatively easy to make some bible. There are already computers with 100 or 1000. The limits of taxes and plans for reaching 10000 or 100000. Thats what the problem is that the quality isnt good enough yet, but it will be for the relatively High Frequency of mistakes and calculations. So i did notice that theres no point having as many cubits as possible. Now if theyre not good enough with fluid also, and then well just call it a new, a major improvement because its of including work on individual doc, or a smaller number of the company and the cubits cubits said we will. And in this class that thats what the race is totally opens up. Some of the rigs Technical University is another center of cubic Research Professor of theoretical physics. Renato renters says that the development of the quantum computer has still barely begun using the visa for the, for Quantum Computers, or at a similar stage to early transistors. If you are still very big, the home, the cube, the 100 cubits might together take off the space of a mass of experiments table. With all the lab electronics, they look dish and its not getting clear how we can scale it down to at some point impact millions of cupids, you know, into a small space. So you wont have a feasible working set up for you. And it will talk to me in the same follow up, but either of us may tie system. That doesnt mean we cant do it though that comparatively speaking, were still in the vacuum to computer error, but have both happen. But the thing called back then there was nobody talking about the internet or social media social media. Okay. Dont see that we cannot get appreciate the potential data nor the dangers either, of course, doesnt say that nobody called them, but off the induct forward enough to lift. Need. Renato renner is familiar with the dangers of quantum computing. She gives lectures and cryptography data encryption toward the end of that prompt, the computers and Quantum Computers really do pose a threat to todays Data Security. And the chrome page does more than we do a bank or using crypted communication in other context. So we need whats called in public key cryptography. So get onto the public key, click on that system will become completely and secure. Once we have Quantum Computers up and running, its was it that with whoever has the quantum computer will have full and immediate access to all of that data. And thats a very concrete problem. So status calculates probably so far a simple mathematical method has been sufficient to protect our data factor eyes ation. And i suppose to see that some calculations are straightforward. You must say this 3 times 7 equals 2186. So you can see what if i turn it around and ask, right . So what are 2 numbers that give us that product . And then i basically have to try out all possible combinations. But if its all the nicholas depend with the numbers having up to a 100 digits, and ill be added forever. Give us an a because not even a computer that can process far faster will be able to test all 100 digit numbers, which daily can solve it. Due to a quantum computer, on the other hand, can try out the numbers in parallel and arrive at the result in a fraction of a 2nd. The implications have experts concerned as it seemed that the mc, were relatively late to the game interview because we know the secrecy of the data being encrypted has a very limited live, spat, and see if we should on the left this to the things that i encrypt today, using public key cryptography will be readable to good ones. The quantum computer exist as the pump for the clock to compute the next the see if the exclusive after the data can then only be encrypted by again using the quantum computer in effect by beating the enemy at its own game. And this is how the sender of the data generates cubits with the value of 0 or one. And then sends a completely random sequence of those cubits to the recipient. It serves as a key that only those 2 parties, no. Of course, someone could try to spying on the transfer. But this is where Quantum Mechanics enters the equation, the an attempt to end or steps the cubits will now change them with both center and recipient alerted immediately. So the key cannot be secretly copied or red. The actual encrypted message is not transferred until the key has 1st arrived on red. The problem is in technical terms, the idea is currently not really feasible. The decisive oldest age, meaning it sounds extremely difficult if not near impossible, but we know that it really does work, but it is expensive, but it is main to boot cliff. The solution that is absolutely secure is going to cost a lot of money to get. I t c, if its all them up as im looking at a long term horizons on not 10, but more like 40 or 50 years. And then it could be a solution. Same holding something doesnt really succeed. And Data Security is not the only factor to consider in the long term. Quantum computing still has a lot of obstacles to overcome, meaning that investors will have to be patient, affiliate, so thing that everyone is talking about quantum computing to be, but we cant expect to have this killer application in just a few years from now about your the its going to take a lot of development stages, the an investment to get to the point where the application is actually available for you to invest in the deep down the whole and above all, the time you have all the that in turn depends on investment coming through heavy investment is far higher than we could have imagined the years ago. So that is reason to be optimistic then have somebody give me to get the startups on their starting evidence and companies following the hype and eager to invest. And this future concept was good for them. High for testing, positive results, graduates studying physics and quantum computing have a range of jobs to choose from. The various start of your sort of big tech firms, pursuing quantum computing projects are up. So that are the big tech to all the quantum Computing Products that theres a huge number of options in the midwest type. The stainless end of the me find discount it for statement via to see if we cant imagine the changes involved. Because the Quantum Leaps onto the same goals but, and thats why we need moving shots, you know, we can move shots, projects where you and even a direction where you cant move side of the vision to the fuel level. Probably have to make a few adjustments along the way back look automotive, especially if its if it and, and thats not possible unless we find a new way of thinking that im a new employee and thank some of them the get ready for an exciting auburn toyota to look surprised. Hi, i wish im ready to dive into the hands of gentlemen to you. Have you have a one to talk to me before you go to the spot and unexpected side to side . No, i was calling about why does that mean . Because like now im leaving the new host join us for next time to miss theresa now and everything in between. This is a video and audio production 5 d, w. I hope video will tune in the is Artificial Intelligence taking away our jobs . Or does it actually create new and improved opportunities for work . And is there a way to protect yourself from the competition that a i creates and work hand in hand with it. All this and more coming up now, one shift tony as from nairobi, kenya is a so called ghostwriter. He produces academic texts for students all over the world and has already written 700 of them earning his living this way. But then the add to a chat, c p t came along everything when tally, im going to so even when youd say next week or next