On Aug 26, 2022, the European Society of Cardiology and the European Respiratory Society published new guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Numerous factors are associated with the development of pulmonary hypertension, which has an estimated prevalence of around 1% globally, increasing to 10% in individuals older than 65 years, and is associated with worsening symptoms—including dyspnoea, fatigue, and syncope—and substantially increased mortality. The guidelines, which emphasise the need for earlier detection of pulmonary hypertension and timely referral of high-risk or complex patients, provide new definitions of pulmonary hypertension, an updated classification across groups 1–5, new algorithms for detection and treatment, and tools for risk stratification at diagnosis and follow-up.