Then, dr. Shinny samara, a mechanical engineer, the latest in crash test dummies and how researchers are turning to 3d imaging to make those dummies a little smarter. There is a graphic, a different i am packet. An engineer who designed everything from satellites in space to bionic eyes. I love watching the Steering Wheel. Giving us a whole new meaning to being a back seat driver. Thats our team. Now, lets do some science. I am phil torres driving along the beautiful Southern California coast. I am behind a wheel of one of toyotas Hydrogen Fuel demo vehicles, one of a slew of innovations making the car of the future the car of now. The streets of tonies california a lab for the Game Changing electronic vehicle. The newest Hydrogen Fuel cell car. This is the hot room at toyotas Technical Center where they tested toyotas Hydrogen Fuel cell car, the first one that will hit the consumer market. This is the future. Jackie bilsell is the fuel cell engineer. I have been working this for 11 years. To finally, see it coming to production is exciting and a little nerveracking. What is inside a fuel cell vehicle . Instead of the gasoline combustingtion, we have fuel cell. It creates electricity on demand by combining hydrogen with an electrochemical reaction. A membrane between the hydrogen and oxygen strips the Hydrogen Atom of the one electron. The electricity is generated as it moves around the fuel cell to hook up with the oxygen to produce h 20. So this emits water . Only water. I can go show you. All right. So this is where the water comes out . Exactly. It will be a mixture of water vapor and a few droplets. If we want to see the water, there is a purge about theon, i understand . There is a purge button. Sot water. So this is the big purge. Thats kind of amazing. I want to drink this. You you are saying i probably shouldnt . Gets atmospheric and environmental dirt in it. I wouldnt recommend drinking it. Unlike most cars, the under carriage is wrapped up tight. We were to take the plastic covers off you would see a Hydrogen Tank here, another here and the fuel cell belt is underneath the front seat. I think people would be concerned having a compressed gas tank on your car, but you do a lot of safety tests . We do a lot of testing, yes. Including shooting it with bullets . We do. Its called the gunfire test. We shoot it with a 50 caliber armorpiercing round. With the first shot, werent able to penetrate one wall. Second . Second shot went through and it againsted tdispensed the hydrogen out. Unless you get shot twice in the same spot, you will probably be okay the it car dwent years of development. There is some small condition you think about. We test vehicles especially painted to discase the protocols. Extreme conditions. Blistering heat to death valley . We had temperatures over 120 degrees fahrenheit. To the bonechilling cold of yellow knife canada. Getting ready for our cold start. Are what pressure . 23, slowing down. I was not expecting how cold it would be. Back in warm california, jackie and i hopped into a demo vehicle and headed to a nearby station to fill her up. S is that. This handle is cold to the touch . Its because if you fill it with hydrogen and the tank lets up as we are filling. In order to minimize that effect and to get higher density gas in there, did is mine tus 20. How much does it cost to fill up a car . 5 to 7 a kilogram. It would be around 30 to go over 300 miles. So its pretty comparable to what you would have with a normal car but just zero emissions . Exactly. The idea is to completely replace normal dimensional vehicle and not have to make any of the sacrifices as far as refill time or range. How much of these fueling stations are there in california . Nine but there are more building built right now almost monthly, a new one comes online. It seems like a bit of a hurdle for people who would want to buy a car like this because they dont have access to the hydrogen. The stations are definitely the biggest hurdle with the vehicles. Right now, there are only a few dozen stations across 17 states. I think shes filled up. Should we go for a ride . Absolutely. Californias tough emission standards were the cast lift for the developments of the hydrogen car. Toyota is just the first car make tory roll out a consumer vision, gm, hunt eye, mercy are gearing up. This reminds me of the prius that i drive in which it is quiet. You hit the gas and you dont really hear anything but you go faster. Makes the drive a little bit more relaxing when you have this kind of a view. Another innovation right around the corner, cars that can talk to each other. The federal government is in the final stages of mandating vehicle to vehicle communication in all new cars in our doctor shimmy samara went to check it out. Trying to kill him. That was a quen win alert. You were about to clyde in to the car in front. An arbor Michigan Home of the university of michigan and the Transportation Research stint tut where they are testing the future of driving. Each vehicle had a dedicated shortrage communication radio, transmitting what we call the basic safety methods, vehicle speed, position and heading and so then, we can compare that to our own vehicle and do any threat assessment and warn the driver accordingly. It works by surrounding each vehicle with a wifi like system call dedicated Short Range Communications that shares a stream of data to other v to. Vs calculating the danger and triggering warnings when needed like when there is a car you cant see unexpectedly braking or when its not safe to pass a slower car or when a car is in a blind spot during a lane change so forward collision was because the car in front actually stopped and was an obstacle . Typically, an emergency Electronic Brake light is going to tell me, the driver, that someone ahead of me is braking hard and not just braking but braking hard so, panic braking, slamming on their brakes, may not be in the lane in front of me but in one of the lanes in front of me. This is quite a blind spot. Cant see the past the bush. There is a tall bush. Pull out this one. Right here. A particularly dreary day at General Motors Technical Center in warren, michigan gave me an a added dose of reality to testify a vehicle to Vehicle Safety alert system. Naturally, as a driver when you cant see the road, you do tend to kind of edge forward. So, i am going to do what i would naturally do. I am edging forward. [beeping ] . I did not see that one coming. One of the advantages of v to. Vt works en if the driver cant see the approaching vehicle. The general motor is one of the nine major car makers to make v to v communication a reality, an unusual teaming in an enormously competitive industry. My car, in a gm vehicle, needs to talk to a toyota vehicle needs to talk to a ford vehicle or a hyundai vehicle and they need to send the same type of messages. That cant happen if we develop this technology. John capp also had a hand in building gms current crash avoidance system. Some of those Alert Systems already exist in more higher end cars. Whats different about the system that the v to. V vehicles offer. Some of our cadillacs have 6 radas, two cameras and 8 or 10 ultra sonic sensors. Those arent enough to see several car lengths ahead of you or to see around a corner. Have v to v technology fills in those gaps and lets us have more information to address some of those driving situations that are challenging. I will be more reckless. Okay. Push the envelope. Yeah. My last chance. Whoa. What is a car doing stationary in the middle of my runway . You know what . I dont tend to look at that. Right. Thats not meant to focus on. Thats more informational. You see the scrolling red . Really, the alert thats going to provide you, you know, the intended responses on top of the dash. Its really important. Yeah. Because for these type of alerts, we want to direct the persons attention, you know, to the road. So an alert thats you high up within the drivers line of sight is optimal for providing this information. There will be applications once cars get v to v technology. Thats age example of one. Information between two cars. What happens when every car is fitted out with this technology . Wouldnt the system be completely overloaded with information. Thats one of the technical challenges of similarly we need to develop a Security System to make sure unwanted messages dont get sent between vehicles. We think its possible to get to a point some day where, you know, maybe crashes wont happen anymore. It will take awhile to get there. Up next, our costa grammatis in a car that drives itself. Oh, my god. Oh, my god. Wow. That guy. We want to hear what you think about these stories. Join the conversation by following us on twitter and at aljazeera. Com techno. Hundreds of days in detention. Al jazeera rejects all the charges and demands immediate release. Thousands calling for their freedom. Its a clear violation of their human rights. We have strongly urged the government to release those journalists. Journalism is not a crime. The driverless car. The state of california granting licenses for Autonomous Vehicles in our very on costa gramattis is going to take one for a spin. The road to the driver road to the driverless car has been a long one. All set for auto control. This is how general motor envisioned the future in 1957 . In and out under automatic control, handsoff steering. That was then. This is now. This is gms concept car, aided itself aided bio board cameras and v to v technology . Take it off, the wheel. Come 2017, gm starts selling cadillacs with super cruise, a semi Automated System that can let the car do much of the driving and take control to avert a crash. We found quickly people get a just to the system, are willing to take hands off of the wheel and feet off of the pedals. Gm is not the only auto maker gearing up for driverless cars. Nissan is racing toward a 2020 deadline for a fully autonomous vehicle. And the top resea searcher let me figure out how it works. These are your laser scanners. Yes. They send out big people withes of laser . Yes. To determine how far the distance is. Yes. And here we have a big radar panel that can see 20 meeters ahead and in the back, another radar panel here and one over here as well. Yes. Yeah. They determine. Centimeters. Whether objects are approaching a car or going away from the car . And all of these little guys are for parking . Sonar . Yes the. They send out little trips and then you have cameras on every side of the car . Yes. Yes. Autonomous minnesota mode. Hit it. Yes. No hands. The camera is reading the speed limit. We will watch it slow down. Yes. Thats right. Red lights, cameras detecting it hugh did it know to go left . Follows the road using the cameras and what happens if a kid comes out chasing a ball . Oh, my gosh. Oh, my gosh. Almost got that guy. Makes a decision whether to brake or swerve. Can we park it . Yeah. We can do that from the backseat. Right . Yes. This is my space. Calling dibs on that spot. Its parking. I love watching the Steering Wheel just spin itself. What happens ifty interrupt it . It stops, completely stops. As car make makers tinker with driverless cars, researchers at Stanford Universitys automobile lab are using a state of the art simulator to focus on the biggest wild card the driver. Whether or n what is the most dangerous time . The moment with the car shifts control from its self to the driver. Drivers are totaly disoriented and being asked to absorb an enormous range of things going on to get what we call situation awareness where that was none. I would place the electrodes on your head. If we want to understand whats going on your brain and body when you are driving, we can see where their eyes are looking because we have an eye tracker. Great . What their brain is doing. We can see what their heart is doing the simulator was built to help ups us understand when autonomous mode is switched. Watch what happens when i have to take control. Did asked me to disable automation. Uhoh. I crashed because i wasnt paying attention. While i was crashing, the compute was measuring my response. Thats whats called ought on ommic arousal. So, it has to do with how excited you are. How ready for action you are. And a good driver is neither too excited nor too calm. Making the car the designated driver will revolutionize how we drive. But it could be lifechanging for someone like steve mehane whom almost completely blind. Google cliented him to take the drivers seat. How did it feel . Incredibly normal an abnormal at the same time. All of the things you do as you drive come back. We are here at the stop sign. Yeah. This is some of the best driving i have ever done. Do you think you will be able to be driving again in your lifetime . Absolutely. When techno returns, at the top of the hour, as the debt toll from ebola rises overseas, new yorks jfk airport begins screening passengers for the disease. We will discuss the impact of the new program. Alaskas senate race is one of several too close to call. Coming up, what that means to democrats desperate to keep control of the chamber. In todays International Day of the girl child, in our weekly segment, a deeper look we discuss the challenges girls face around the world. We will see you then. S. Even with all of the safetyy measures, there will be accidents as there are about 6 million of them every year. Thats why researchers run the crash tests with dumnies. Now, they are getting a little bit smarter as they cross that digital divide. Lights. Camera. 48 points, plum bob and check height. And action. We call it the crash hall. Welcome to crash hall at the Insurance Institute of Highway Safety in ruckersville, virginia where every year, the smash and trash, at least 70 brandnew vehicles to let you know which new cars are safe. We have highspeed cameras throughout the crash haul and within the vehicle itself that can capture 500 pictures per second. Tracking the cards at 40 miles per hour, highspeed cameras allow researchers to slow down the accident to study how the body ab sorbs the kind of effects of the crash. Its all done with a fleet of stateoft stateoftheart crash test dummies. The centers in these dummies are low trans deucers, other sentence tours that can measure displacement of different bodies parts. 50 embedded sensors these are pricey and smart dummies . On each of these sensors, we are recording 10,000 samples of data per second. We have an investment of about 250,000 per dummy. That may make them technologically smart but they are still not human. With dummies, of course, its very difficult to predict things like soft tissue injuries. In the real world, we have things like aortic lacerations, lung con tushingsz damage to other internal organs we cannot replicate with some of these crash test dummies. There is a favorite dummy, the midsaysed mail at 5 10, 172 pounds, the midsize male is the most often used standin. There has been talk of developing more frail dummies that, say, would represent the aging population. Its not just the aging population fueling crash test upgrades. That brought shini samara to the itstitute. What is the focus of the research here . People with disabilities who use wheelchairs. Very different dynamic, isnt it, compared to a very typical person sitting in a car seat . Yes, it is. We will see if a person going under the seatbelt and, in fact, they can completely come out of a wheelchair. How realistic are those dummi dummies . Very simplified versions of the complex human body. Crash test dummies have been used since 1949. They have become ever more sophisticated but what researchers are finding here is that they can get ever closer to reality by using three dimensional computer models. For the bodys exterior, shini volunteered for the process. A 3 dimensional laser scan capturing 500,000 points on the body in 12 seconds. From that, an avatar of the external body shape is created. We can do body scan but thats just the outside. Gene winhu is one of those working on hundreds of mris. Whats the mri capturing . The mri can capture internal organs, ligaments. To create a wide spectrum of digital dumneys not just the midsized man. What i find fascinating about the Computer Generated models are the layers going from external all the way through to internal. We have a statistical model that can predict the bone geometry based upon your age, gender, stature, bmi, roughly two million elements just on the a sing person. This is a fantastic graphic of really illustrating the different impacts with different body shapes. Yeah. So this is just one example of how obesity can effect. An obese persons belly has a massive impact from the Steering Wheel. Because all of the fat right here and the belt can for the quickly load on to the pelvis. For this particular simulation, this okccupant will hire lower extremities than a lean person. In the future, we can run this model thousands of times. Will save a lot of time as well as money. Should Computer Generated dummies put the real dummies . We test new vehicle models. You would need a very accurate compute model probably from the auto manufacturer that you could trust to conduct is a virtual crash test on. Some day in the future, everything might be done with computer models. We are safe to say we will be using vehicle crashes for some time to come. Thats a look at some of the latest innovations that will affect the way we will all be driving some day. Thats it for the special edition of techno. I am phil torres. Its time to take this hydrogenfilled car and hit the road. Dive deep into these stories and go behind the scenes at al jazeera dpom techno. Follow our expert contributors on twitter, facebook, instatus sta graham and google and more. They had some dynamic fire behavior. And what we do. Transcranial direct stimulation. Dont try this at home tech knows team of experts show you how the miracles of science. This is my selfie. What can you tell me about my future . Can effect and surprise us. Sharks like affection tech know, where Technology Meets humanity. Only on Al Jazeera America this is Al Jazeera America. Im Thomas Drayton in new york. Lets get you caught up on the top stories this hour. The World Health Organization ups the number of ebola cases as screenings begin at Kennedy Airport in new york city. A weekend of resistance in st. Louis as protesters march against racial bias. I. S. I. L. Moves closer to baghdad. In tonights a deeper look we mark the International Day of the girl child with a look at
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