Crashed. As Spurs sign more. This is b.b.c. 5 live with the b.b.c. News on 5 Live his Helen place trees may has indicated she will fight a proposal to give citizens moving to the u.k. Joining the post begs a transition period residency rights she says there's a difference between people coming to the u.k. While it's still a member of the block and those who move after it exits figures show that more people are having 1st strokes as an early age compared to a decade ago public health England's launched a campaign to help people recognise the symptoms and get help in time Professor Julia Verne is from the organization about 60 percent of the strikes occur in people over the age of 70 but we're particularly focusing on only 4 strikes that occur in people aged 40 to 69 now most people think of strike absurd thing that happens to older people and what we want to you is like an increased awareness of the risk especially younger people the f.b.i. Has publicly challenge the push by Republican lawmakers to release a controversial memo which purports to show anti Trump bias at the agency Democrats claim the memo is an attempt to discredit the f.b.i. Led Russia probe they spoke says changes to its news feed have led to a significant drop in usage the changes fewer viral videos and more checks on advertising were introduced partly to combat misinformation George Osborne will call on the government later to do more to tackle education and achievement in the north of England the former chancellor says a new report for the Northern powerhouse Project found children that are on average one g.c.s.e. Grade behind comparable peoples in the south is our economics editor Kamel Ahmed. The government says it recently appointed Jake Berry as the powerhouse minister Mr Berry told the b.b.c. That supporting the North was a long term project and that power was had been devolved to local mayors when money was being spent on schools and new transport links the White House says the driver of the bin lorry has been killed after it was hit by a train carrying Republican members of Congress Michel it's fill in Virginia speaker of the House of Representatives Paul Ryan was on board an injured they were heading for their annual retreat following president trumps state of the Union address. The train accident was a tough one there's tremendous jolt to it looks like the driver of the truck was killed it's very sad to see that pretty rough head that's what they all tell me this will give you the focus and they say it is tough. The prime minister has refused to accept the resignation of a lot who offered to leave his post after being late to the chamber Bates stunned colleagues in the House of Lords by stating his intention to resign after the discourtesy of arriving late to a session spot now his dump the January transfer window has now closed amongst the late deals Newcastle brought in Islam sla mani on loan from Leicester who also led Andy King join Swanzy the Welsh club resigned on day are you from West Ham who replaced him with the Preston striker Jordan Hugo Stoke got a bateau and Di a wost Spurs signed Lucas Mora from Paris Sanjay man all the transfers available for you on the b.b.c. Sport website the bone with boss Eddie House has their 3 nil when it Chelsea was that best ever result and performance in the Premier League Manchester City beat West Brom to go 15 points clear of Manchester United who lost 2 nil it spurs ever to mean less to to want it finished won't want between Newcastle and Burnley and Southampton and Brighton and Stoke and Wolf that ended goalless the extra prop Alec had Bernie set to magazine and debut against Italy on Sunday while Newcastle Falcons Chris Harris will make his Scotland debut against Wales on Saturday and the managing director of Silverstone says they wholeheartedly support the decision by Formula One to drop the use of grade girls to Pringle described it as an outdated practice that no longer has a place in sport this is b.b.c. 5 live on digital online the smartphone unstoppable at the Web today it will stay windy with occasional wintry showers playing in the north and the West Wales on exposed hills and coasts in the north side though and sunny a in the east and southeast. Thanks 1000000 weekly interface and cookies it's all Family comes that time of the week again there's no great to own up all night the welcoming Dr Col to the program if you've got any questions for him please get in contact the usual means you can text is now 18505 age can email up all night on b.b.c. Don't kowtow ek and even call us as well the number 080-859-0969 extension 3 that number again 080-859-0969 extension 3 texts 185058 email up all night at b.b.c. . And of course were available on social media as well. Their doctor called Dr Richard look I'm not worthy of your wonderful an awfully called introduction but thank you ever so much at this cold frosty top where snow is coming on the grounded here in Australia we have wonderful beaches to go swimming in the Pacific Ocean warmth Well that's what I did yes yes how hot. That well it's actually cooled down a bit it was hitting low forty's and now it's down to a believe how cold it is it's probably around 20 degrees centigrade Oh my God I will write a stern little to the editor and complain yes it's a very good thing to do a good thing today I don't think we've ever talked we've ever spoken before have we I don't think so I don't think so and I'm very honored to thank you so much for looking after me not at all very great great great to hear from you one of the topics you'd like to talk about is insects brainier food preparation areas and how you know and how the military spyplane deprive the USA of insect spray in 1905 let's start with the 1st one so is it is it dangerous to spray insect spray near food preparation areas. It can be but with today's price probably not that dangerous so today's price pirates ruins and we break them down pretty quickly in a body we don't absorb them well through our skin and we rapidly metabolism to non toxic chemicals they are 2 and a half 1000 times more toxic to in 6 than 2 us animals so we're sort of fairly safe with these you know pirates when they come from Daisy top plants. Over also have been maybe a dozen people die from it usually industrial grade accident being exposed to huge amounts of it you can get a bit of a pins and needles top of the happening if you have too much and is a very specific pathway that it can happen so in general is safe and they do recommend do not sprays a near food or food preparation areas or fish tanks for that matter as well because a fish don't like it and in general what you using to spray in the air is a spry top thing yet and it breaks down quickly what you can do is accidentally when you're at the supermarket you can pick up a surface spray now the surface Sprite is designed to land on the surface and not break down and stay there working for ages right and so if you accidently get the surface sprite sprayed in the New York food preparation areas we shouldn't do and then don't scrub them off which you should do and then it gets into you it won't break down quickly I say Ok because the surface sprite they designed to survive for a long time and under those very specific circumstances you can if you do lots and lots and lots of spraying in the air with what is really designed to be a surface right you might end up with a bit tingling or in your flesh and it's a saw and just simply a back off so overwhelmingly they are very safe but you can accidentally make a mistake if you just sort of do. Very wanting to mute those cockroaches and then you spray everywhere willy nilly then you need up in trouble. Yeah I mean I think I'd imagine this is a. Topic that will be hotter in Australia at the moment than it will be in the u.k. Because we're in the part of the year where there aren't really that many insects around thankfully and in effect on one occasion I actually end up drenching a long lost relative with cockroaches. Awfully embarrassing So what happened was our board an old bomb car ride for $400.00 minus the ridge on the petrol is actually $40.00 was a bomb and we had this long lost relative that we didn't know existed because of various people doing things and keeping secrets you know in the best interests of business maybe of a telly novella where people have all the secrets so anyway we ran across this relative and child in town in Sydney and we offered to drive them home on a very hot day Ok a very very hot day literally cockroaches started falling out of the ceiling spaces inside the car that would crawl to the edge and they were cockroaches dropping on us I was ever so embarrassed and so you use the insect spray then no no we are lucky the car died shortly afterwards I think if you can afford a new car you probably can't afford a 2nd an old 2nd hand car you should get a new 2nd hand car and in fact James Baldwin you know the American black rod to from the fifty's and sixty's and seventy's he wrote some very insightful pieces which kind of make a lot of sense with me for those times of my life when I was poor which he said that being poor is expensive you can't afford to buy for example public transport pass' at a discount on a monthly right you have to buy them day by day it was small quantities of food which are more expensive than being quantities of food etc cetera and so we've got a cause if you buy an absolute bomb it costs you more to keep it up than if you could put out the money to just boy a mid range 2nd hand car and not have to spend so much on maintenance Ok getting back to in 6 price. How did marry can spy plane deprive America of in 6 Price Well we're talking about the you 2 airplanes amazing airplane. Huge wingspan could fly at 70000 feet way above with then Russian missiles and missiles could reach in and so with impunity the Americans flew across Russia just flew across Russia knowing that the Russians had nothing that could reach up that high and as a movie about a cold bridge of spalls Ok yeah I've not seen a film where you have it. So the you 2 are playing because of flu so hard the temperature of the experience was incredibly cold and what they want to do is have a fuel for the jet engine of course and the fuel at that temperature had to remain liquid Of course there was not a single hardware Cobban that would stay liquid at that temperature that the people at the Skunkworks could fall and so the people of the Skunkworks are located skunkworks in Nonie 5453 etc approached show although which had as one of the very high officials General Doolittle you're member of the do little raids upon Tokyo where I think 100000 civilians dog the far right yes yes Ok that was him and so they approached the retired Air Force General Doolittle at the Shell Oil Company where he was a vice president of the vice president and he on the quad no military background asked the engineers a CIO could they find a 100 carbon that you could burn as a fuel in a jet engine and it would stay liquid at the tremendously cold temperatures up at 70000 feet and they found something it turned out to be the feedstock for making an in 6 pry cold flit f.-l. Lotty and. As a result all of feedstock got diverted to the American spy plane and there was a nationwide shortage of in 6 pray in the USA in one of 55 purely so that show could fulfill the few requirements for the you to program but by 956 they made more of it and it was all Ok guys all right Oh sure just try to do things in the short term period basically just ramp up the production and put in extra production line and run 24 hours a day but in the short term in summer in 95 the USA had no flit in 6 price great story thank you very much today that Dr Cole is with us you can text him my father 58 you call us 15909693 you can e-mail up all night at b.b.c. Don't go to u.k. Dan in Bristol has texted all to call he asks as the moon is a hot topic at the moment what real effects would there be to life on Earth and indeed to the earth itself if the moon were to be destroyed let's say by an asteroid for example he says he says it seems to him it seems to down in Bristol that as long as the sun remains in our solar system life on earth would find a way would you think yes we would find a way but it would be more difficult. Came across the answer to this in reading the popular star general called astronomy which you can find on newsstands about a decade or so ago and I read it with great interest and so was a god to the tards on earth in the oceans 2 thirds of the Tods caused by the moon one 3rd of the government ational pull of the sun straight away the difference between high tide and low Todd would drop from say 3 meters to one meter Now think about a big fish with a tard advances in lend and then back again this is own is called the into total zone and a huge amount of life lives there and the top. In the total zone would be reduced by 2 thirds which would then have a flow on effect to the oceans and the life there it. Assuming that the islands come in magically take the moon away sick and affect long term stability now the moon is amazingly large and amazingly close compared to other moons in the solar system and according to the astronomers helps keep the tilted at around $23.00 and a half degrees from the vertical So if you consider 1st you got the sonne in the middle of the solar system then you go to the Quite a kind of you know the quite of the sun while the planets a pretty well in law and pretty well with the equator of the sun and then relatives that are quite of the earth is tilted the tilt varies from bed 21 a half to $24.00 and a half degrees and I think the time spends about. $42000.00 the Ok And this is related to our sages look up Milankovitch effect but it says the tilt varies it rocks back from $21.00 a half to $24.00 and a half in its current around $23.00 and a half this storm is tell us that would the moon to be not there within No with it we know the moons of any significance saw it then the Earth could easily over a long period of time actually tilt be on that right and have 21124 and a half and go to 0 or even 607080 degrees which would then cause message changes in the seasons yet it is saying that the moon has a stabilizing effect so the 2 main effects number one the the total zone would be list would be much smaller on a short term on the very long term the earth end up with the north or south pole facing the sun as has happened with the planet you write us Yeah absolutely and we have another we have another text here. Doctor called do you think that the water in our body affects our mood when there's a full mood with me here again this is from Mark he says he would. Mental health and experience the difference in the clients. At a time of a full moon or in the in the run up to a full do you think body affects on mood when there's a full moon. It might but looking at the studies we haven't found it Ok So firstly is not necessarily water that is the main thing involved with the moon and the sun and the Tods is a liquid so the oceans could be made of a different temperatures liquid or liquid mercury liquid anything you want and they would still have the toys not the face of this water is the fact that it's a liquid Secondly I have experienced this working in emergency department in hospitals where people have looked at the window and have seen that it's a full moon and then look at the roster and say my gosh is full and on full or not and then they go into the correlation is causation which is wrong and this I therefore the full moon cause the busy list but if you do the big numbers the effect vanishes So looking at big numbers 110 years survey of I think 180000 phone calls to police centers across various USA states showed no increase on the form. Another study in Iran at 3 major hospitals dealing with trauma. 5 year period and $30000.00 or so admissions found no increase on the full moon and thirdly another study carried out in America looking at 7 years of suicide attempts in the mental health hospitals once again found no peak on the full moon but sure you can see anything you like in the short term and the worst example is when they do is short study for say. 2 or 3 months and the full moon happens on the weekend people's behavior is different on the weekends as opposed to during the week and that has been found to be a major confounding factor so Mark. Is what we call a trade confirmation bias you see one thing anything is willing to something else but the statistics on the big scale don't show any effect related to the form in terms of physical or mental health sort of. Once upon a time Aaron is used to use the moon and in the stars to navigate and in as text it on navigation a topic of navigation he has how does the Shipping Forecast measure visibility when your horizon depends on height above sea level and visibility necessitates perhaps having something to see. Now I don't know the specifics of how the never got people do it so I have to speculate but I can give you the magic formula Ok Now Ok Do you happen to have or to do you have to have a pencil and paper I've got a pen Yes go ahead paper yes I've got paper Ok Right now write down each h. Ok and then and then in little little subscript drop their. Feet 8 Ok. Runaround I'll give you a bad thing Dee Dee Dee Yeah then in subscript wrote down. For miles a month for miles Ok d. The distance to the horizon equals and write down $1.00 say written down d. Subscript equals $1.00 written down $1.00 then write down a big square root saw on Ok And then in that write down h.t. And in subscript feet you see Ok There will now never put in the number so assume that you are bowls 16 feet above the horizon Yeah you're on a pretty small ship so the square root of 16 is 4. 4 multiply by 1.23 is roughly 6 so the distance to the horizon is roughly 6 miles Ok then so you can plug this in from out Everson you get a very different answer yeah so I do not know what they use and never gave land but I do know that there's a formula for the vidis to the horizon related to your height above sea level and with regard to this whole navigation thing. We're talking about moving into a world where we have cars draw themselves and navigate but in a recent month city ships had to return to port in South Korea Ok because we think North Korea put out jamming signals for the g.p.s. Ok they also saw them potentially set to belong to us but yes that in fact this example shows that they definitely susceptible number one number 2 what if a big solar storm comes in his ears a big fat c m a o coronal mass ejection and knocks out the satellites were in trouble so I remember reading an article in aviation space Aviation Week in space technology about 10 years ago about an airplane that was the last plane out of the South Pole as winter was approaching they were leaving the South Pole the American research base there and it was a lost plane because we did was cut coming and they started they took off successfully of the Hercules they took off successfully we're climbing through the cloud cover and all the electrics Dawoud on the plane Ok Very all electric start scary. Even the back up and because the engines were running they kept on running but if you switch them off you couldn't Saddam again they they punched out of the cloud cover and then came into brought some lot like leaves diatom and then because it was a military naval plane they had a little periscope thingy on the to. Up with a could use something to shoot the sky what is it is not a theory like that the geography. A 6 didn't yet and in using ancient 17th century technology use shock to some of the sextant and never get their way over thousands of kilometers to a long skinny all in cold New Zealand and then luckily it wasn't too cloudy and influence the coast until they could land so if we lose that back up and then we lose our primary source of electronic navigation. Well things can get very messy them silly whenever I want to play now I think to myself you've still got a position where you've got the pilot and the copilot and I'm pretty happy about that but can you see can you see is technology improves regardless of what you just told us you know the potentials for things going wrong can you see a time when the boy in the plane would be flown by one person. Bothersome because what if that one person has to go to the bathroom and then suddenly something bad happens or like the back up are actually like people in jobs are like having people working and paying extra attention because the computer can't think outside the box . On average each 1000 laws of code this is what they teach you in information technology at university level will have one or 2 mistakes maybe 3 yes and in most cases it doesn't invoke unless it's the 1st day of the month immediately after a supermoon which is also associated with an eclipse and under those occasions change every incidence of the number $2.00 to $3.00 or something like that so like having a human who can be. A backup for emergencies it's a fair point it's a it's a good point we were back to the. Insect repellent insect sprays on a 5 or 5 Ajahn from Aberdeen as texted She says Dr Paul good to hear back on air why shouldn't 6 praise be used at all she asks Should we not let natural selection take its course likewise with insect sprays in agriculture over the last perhaps 100 years obviously eventually washed down through the global water cause into the seas How can that prolonged contamination be halted or is it indeed reversible she said she would see signs in your past Jan from Aberdeen that she is a very good point that she's making that in many cases you get a couple of years of grace with the insect spray in say an industrial application. And then simply because the food is sorry an agricultural application sim because the food source is so great there's so many and 6 present that some of them have resistance and say have to keep on going through increasingly sophisticated and or toxic in 6 price just to stay where you are and is long term sustainable living the residue washed into our water courses then poisonous that way no I'm with you entirely on that there has to be a better way I personally don't use Express or got old technology which is called the flyscreen was very high as it's recall is water but on the other hand if you are doing industrial grade agriculture different ballpark if you've got a whole bunch of fruit trees in your backyard Well if this is more number the whole bunch she can cover them with sort of cloth to keep the fruit flies away but have you got thousands. This is a lot she's raised a very good point there which I prefer to have a actually ring and talk and discuss and take them apart for that she wants rather than just try to blather on so. You can call us 159-0993 with your questions for dog to call you can text is 185058 and you can email up all night at b.b.c. Doc u.k. Frances in Suffolk as text it is well he asks is is flippin sick spray still available he thinks it contains d.d. Contained d.d.t. . I do not know if it's still available in America I could look it up and I do not know if it did contain did it a bit probably did. Just just explain d.d.t. For people who are if you give the name of it it's a very good in sick spray until the in sakes got. Used to it and could evolve a way around it I have these terrible memories of my self back in New Guinea in 1970 Ok with the New Guinea stoop. It's coming in from the highlands in some cases they've never seen a car or an elevator or a reply before and then coming in and in many cases in they think we'll hear had loss and at the place that I was at which is these the high tech in which I think now is high a technical institution. They would cut ping pong balls in half put a charge on an oddball and spray the head with d.d.t. To get rid of the loss sounds quite really blunt extreme brutal. But back then we didn't know as much as we do now d.d.t. Is quite see is really safe for humans but not in such huge doses of skin. We we did of the bad things in the past prefer to be better now. Any tree and d.d.t. Would cause damage to their scalp and potentially go into their that blood stream and they know that. Every day out over a 1000 people some would have had some damage but not every single person is like you can smoke a 1000 cigarettes and not have lung cancer but if you average over a large population you can do because smoking cigarettes is more harmful than d.d.t. But even 1000 of the sort of stuff we would even think of doing today things have changed in ways that was d.d.t. Actually outlawed with it completely banned. Don't know the full regulations on that there are people who are saying that we should bring it back I don't think we should know the full story absolutely all over and Beth was speaking out about astronomy and galaxies and things that all of her in Bathurst takes it on 85058 another one hypothetical question a very good one if all the other galaxies in the universe were to disappear could Aleksey survive and work on its own. I have the answer to that doctor. Not necessarily of the story but the thing is that if the mass of the universe was significantly less you'd have to ask yourself why and then where did the universe come from from the Big Bang How did conditions change on the way through so that we end up with a marker scopic amount of mess in the universe instead of the huge mess we do have at the moment so then almost certainly the laws of physics will be different there's a book on this there are many books one is by I think Martin Rees The Who was the storm a robot still be called just 6 numbers and these numbers include things such as. Ever in the ratio of the electron charge electron mass all Pio is a whole bunch of numbers if those slightly different. The universe would not be the way it is today if thermonuclear fusion have done a slightly different path why in the sun you wouldn't have carbon in c would have carbon based life so if you were to have a universe such that all you had was one galaxy maybe the conditions would be said of that the universe would not have life no book on this is called a fortunate universe and it too deals with the big question which was deeply worries the astronomers they worried by this how come that the universe exists where there are so many ways the universe could have evolved ever so slightly differently and not had stars in it like you might have stars a pop into existence and then burn out really quickly or get little tiny stars that just fumble around for ages and don't get to have planets with life on them so could life exist well theoretically if right now we've got everything of the galaxy inside the office you left us alone we could still survive but have to ask how do we get to that situation Dr Karl is taking your questions on all things scientific between now and 4 you can text him on a 5 or 58 e-mail up over the b.b.c. U.k. And you can call us on our 808-590-9693 it's up all night here on 5 life time is exactly 332. On digital online smartphones and tablets this is b.b.c. 5 Live and Helen places that lines trees in May has indicated she will fight a proposal to get e.u. Citizens moving to the u.k. During the Braggs a transition period residency rights she says there's a difference between people coming to the u.k. While it's still a member of the block and those who move after it leaves New research shows more people are having 1st strokes at an earlier age compared to a decade ago obesity alcohol and smoking are all said to be factors public health England's began a campaign to help people recognise the system symptoms figures compiled by the b.b.c. Show nearly one and a half. 1000 officers who work in neighborhood policing in England and Wales and the been reassigned or lost their jobs in the past 5 years the Home Office says new offenses such as online fraud mean a change in roles and a 5 investigations found Tasers were either drawn Angel fired by u.k. Police forces 58 times in mental health settings in the 1st 6 months of figures being recorded the government says a Taser should only be used in the last resort by police sport now he's done the January transfer window has now closed amongst the late deals Newcastle brought in Islam Somali on loan from Leicester who also led Andy King joins Swanzy the Welsh club it resigned on day i.u. From West Ham who replaced him with the Preston strike a Jordan Hugh gild Stoke got Baddoo and Di a wost Spurs signed Lucas Mora from Paris Sanjay man in the Premier League ball must stun the champions Chelsea with a 3 nil when it Stamford Bridge the Chelsea boss Antonio Conti says their performance wasn't helped by the transfer window nor the 3 days they had to prepare for the game compared to bomb with 10 but refused to use that as an excuse is not important to them to speak about. I think it is hard to really stop now of all the world to try to do our best Manchester City's club record signing I am or the Poles would have enjoyed his debut as there be The West Brom 3 nil to get 15 points clear of the top City boss Pep Guardiola says it looks like a 57000000 pounds well spent the 1st training session nothing just as the pulled I think today we saw all of us all the people how good he is 73 years old in the build up in foster attention longbows commit an amazing amazing performance or wrestle harder for him City extending their laid out a top after 2nd place Manchester United lost 2 nil it spurs who went in front after just 11 seconds through Christian Eriksen own thinking at a better start to a game where you know a big game is unknown if you scorcher. He scores a 10 2nd course it gives an extra boost and you feel more comfortable for us in a game and the thing that helped us a lot know the nurse and anxious when I was before the game was bitching their way and in 10 seconds we had Marez saw his move from Leicester to Manchester City fall through as he was absent they lost 2 wanted additon it finished one all between Newcastle and Burnley and Southampton and Brighton and it was gold as between Stoke and what fit in the Scottish Premiership Aberdeen one for 2 at Ross County to go 2nd Hibs b. Motherwell 21 was ranges moved into the 5th round of the Scottish Cup with a 3 nil win it frays Abre the England defended Gemma Bonner will miss the she believes Cup in the United States after sustaining an ankle ligament problem and you can find all the transfer results on the b.b.c. Sport website now the Rugby Union the extra prop Alec has been is set to magazine and debut against Italy on Sunday and the Newcastle full can se side center Chris Harris will make his 1st Scotland start against Wales on Saturday Formula one has decided to follow the example of darts a no longer have grid girls in the sport the $2800.00 season gets underway in March will be the 1st not to feature promotional models prior to the start of the races will Charlotte gashes a former grid Gil she hopes that other sports don't follow suit and deny models the work they enjoy I'm really hoping nothing else does and I would have hoped they started out well the women that do it actually want to do it for we don't thing and it's the sort of thing come for a swim and we don't want to take it away from us and in icehockey to Milton Keynes lightnings player Matt Nickerson has been banned for 20 games for abusing an official and punching a fan during a match against the Guilford flames on Sunday finally Still it's 6 years the 5 Live. It. Will be Richard Foster until 5 away toward taking questions and answers from Dr Col to the program of the moment if you got any questions at all text is on 85058 email up all night at b.b.c. Doco dot u.k. And you can call us 108-085-9096 extension 93 Brian in Stockton on Tees has done just that hello there Brian good morning Richard. Butler brought a welcome to the show you to it. Talk about climate. We discovered a client so. We presume we've got quite a good idea probably. What work. Isn't limited to presume written limits the smaller size of a gust. And what's the largest size of a rocky sort of climate. They sort of cross. At around $2.00 to $5.00 Earth messages so we've got the Earth the planet from the sun it's rocky planets. You just bang offered it so in our solar system the sun in the middle there are 4 little rocky planets which make Yuri Venus and Mars and Venus and very very close in saw us and then moving out we've got 4 guest jaws which Jupiter Saturn Uranus and Neptune and we have Pluto is gone boohoo Ok So thinking about this as being one of mass the biggest drug the planet that we have discovered is about 5 times the mass of the earth and we think that the probably the biggest one we can get is about 5 to 10 times the mess of the earth you may be bit more than a double that and the round that stage they begin to get to think an atmosphere and to begin to go start thinking of them as gas giants so the Earth has a mess of one. Of the biggest rocky planet about 5 Jupiter about $300.00 compared to the earth and Jupiter the biggest gas joint we can go for we think is probably around fish in times that was $44.00 and a half 1000 tons a mess of the earth because then it would turn into a brown dwarf. So the biggest rocky planet probably. 10 times a mess of the it kind of that kind of n.c. Question a bit they brought you know exactly what my question was actually smallest I got trying to get to. Will. Yeah the thing is that. It would be a joy if it's fairly small class called what I hear yeah because it's going to have the be kept as a gas planet it is the head have overwhelmingly its mass made of gas which implies that it has are either a massive rocky core or some sort of core the volved in turn a case of Jupiter we have to sure was at the center of that with finding out as that spacecraft is orbiting it it wasn't a spacecraft the Juno is not I think. It will have some answers for us in a few years be in a year or so we are getting data from the normals right look I do not know I'm guessing that it be well he was certainly right isn't it Kunar a lot smaller. Maybe 30 times a mess of the universe and they still count as guest charts I don't have all of you on that one so the broad story. Thank you Dr and you're seeing it with my friends. Brian started on C's gold is 180-859-0969 extension 3 you can take some 85058 and you can e-mail up all night at b.b.c. To the u.k. Now don't to call about 5 and a half months ago in fact will be 6 months in 3 days' time I became a dad for the 1st time. Really wonderful I absolutely love being a father. And Chris in Sheffield asks a very interesting question he says he asks why does it take human babies so long to become self-sufficient when other mammals are literally up and running within hours of being born that's interesting question. Yeah. That one goes back to evolutionary biology and evolution and our big brain so far the animal with fairly useless we can't run very quickly will we can run for a long time because we can switch it but that's different. Clothes Well the females are pathetic out not very good compared the teeth of a dog but what we have going for us is our brain the trouble is we've got really really close to the maximum saws of brain that we can deliver in a normal vaginal vegetal and to make that birth happen the bony plates that make up the skull have to slip over each other Ok and actually compress the brain a little on the way out so to be as we are a human that has a high intelligence compared to the animals and has not only music but a very sophisticated language where we can be a to make in many animals can be 2 bikers and we can plan ahead far more and we can have a written language what you need is a pretty big brain the trouble is you can't get that brought out through the birth canal so what is bone is a brain that is cond of a blank slate or tabula rasa to talk in fancy Latin and so the baby is born with this big brain ready to be prewired with the experiences of life and if it does not get those experiences the child will not grow into a full functioning adult parent if you don't give the child language until a few years of age if you miss out on that early window they child will never be able to speak language so part of the reason that the child takes so long as I have only dependent is that we're saying Ok we're making a long term. That you got to be really smart we can use our brain to beat any other animal planet the disadvantage is we've got to nurture you and carry you everywhere for the 1st 6 months that was the evolutionary play off we went through an evolutionary bottleneck we nearly got wiped out 3000 years ago when the middle of an ice age the usual kind of exploded in Indonesia and killed the whole world down and the human population dropped to 2000 but we snuck through that and now with the dominant animal on our planet spraying in 6 prey everywhere. And other things to John in Aberdeen by the way texted back it's not a woman it's a man. He says I saw the gentle Yeah and I don't I'm not pro now I've done of a brassy right or not gentle Yeah a man born and bred in the Black Country in England with engineering in his veins just happened to spend my last 25 years in Aberdeen in the oil and gas industry says retired now but loads of challenges tracking a drill string at 38000 feet below the seabed and guiding it towards a potential payload sounds like a very involved job but so is jet was yes yanno Jack is definitely a man and Word to the oil and gas industry 080-859-0993 vehicles for Dr Khalid till 4 o'clock mark in Worcester has called some of them up. Good morning Carol Dr Marc welcome. Thank you my question I couldn't put it over very well to your team but. I mean in theory Jupiter doesn't actually. Orbit the sun I would say they are very common all of which will point to is actually I'm sorry the body of the Sun So in theory. All. But my my my question is. Or are all bits of matter obviously attract each other and. How much. Effect was very kind of mobile in juiced by Jupiter have on near you know I realize that we if you like are more tare to the I'm not much target to all of it how much would it affect or whether. Firstly you are correct in that. Jupiter doesn't all but the sun but rather they both all but their common center of gravity Yes In the case of the earth and the moon the moon is so huge and so massive compared to other moons that the common center of gravity while it is still within the Earth is a long way removed from the center Sarah Lou if the radius is the Earth is about 76000 kilometers the center of gravity is 1410 kilometers below the equator so it's almost outside the us all myself and I am still in the us now yet with a God to give it I'll be very surprised if Jupiter has Anyway enough mass to force the common center of gravity of the Jupiter sun subsystem to be at sawed the. Saw as the body of the Sun I think it to be differently offset a little but I know how much I have got I figured my brides are not going to speculate so that was the other question or the comment you were making that well it's kind of. This kind of I realize that we're more heavily targeted in seriously oh. So the obits of the. Sun You know he ate Crispin's around the sun how much eccentricities would be cool was by the action of things like you would serve because I know I know I read somewhere. A few years ago when there was a large planetary alignment. Even the charts on earth were noticeably are are not catastrophic really by any means but they were measurably higher for. Me when I ruled in mind I think the bigger law amend was supposedly on the 5th of March in the 2005 rice and when she did the story on a way that they would You can find on the a.b.c. Home page b.c. Strain Broadcasting Corporation and Firstly the plans were not all laws in a single lawn but rather the majority of the planets not all of them were in a 90 degree 6 door of sky so if you get the sun and look at it from above. In draw 2 lines at right angles to each other so you go to north south east west then between for example north and east you had the plans lined up and the effect was too small to be measured. It was not exposing anything significant to the it was a god to the effect of Jupiter on the eccentricity of this orbit I guess you could say seeing as how Jupiter is about 90 percent of all a mass of the solar system that is not the sun. Is the big guy in our solar system and yet everything else is kind of debris and rounding errors you could look at the eccentricity of the a so but and that happened recently on the 4th of January when the earth was at its closest point to the Sun and its yearly orbit and the distance varies by 5000000 kilometers out of 140000000 kilometers so as far as 1000000 out of 140 say you could say that. Perhaps the majority of that could be caused by Jupiter but I'm not a planetary scientist so I don't know for sure but honestly some of that would be caused by Jupiter is quite a bit but does not cause summer and winter as the No one stage a majority of Harvard saw is graduates wrongly thought. People some people still think that's a cause of summer winter and then you say well how come we don't have summer winter on each saw the Quite a and in some way they realize there's something wrong with the argument Yeah yeah no I actually got the seasons a corresponding. Indeed but amazingly some science graduates did not know that. How long ago was that all to call. In the last 15 years all right Ok And it probably hasn't changed much so I did lots of tours through the a.b.c. Here in Australia and part of it is talking about how the way we get our signal at around Australia and part of that is geo stationary satellites so then I ask the 1st question which is how long does it take the International Space Station to get around the earth the overwhelming but Jordie of people do not know that is one half hours Ok and that's even despite the fact that we have had it continuously operated by humans since the 2nd of November in the year 2000 then I ask the next question how long does the moon take to go around the earth and the overwhelming majority of people with saw insta Griese do not. Cover valve cover days know it's a millions or a month yet that was right where yeah yeah yeah but the majority of people in our society do not know that we have all sorts of weird we have all different areas of ignorance geology is one of my big areas of ignorance do you find yourself holding your head your hands when people with science degrees don't know that. No because we are I too have many things that I do not know I just have to be awesome and the straight answer is I don't know there's nothing to be ashamed of he just had to fix it it was the things for me to do feel cold etc Still to Steve in Somerset Hi there Steve nice guy you got a question about Pluto Yeah basically his crusade is still consistent on planet or is it going to go is it something else. And unfortunately the International Astronomical Unit did a bit of a kludge a bit of a snow job on Pluto to boot it out. What happened around 2000 are secret places. Be Saying why I let me add to that. Around 2006 they had the big meeting and the problem was that they had discovered Pluto and Pluto was a bit odd it was very small but we're all a guess Giants were in Originally they thought it was a lot bigger and the more they took observations kept getting smaller until as civil in the something really small but they counted it as a planet and then they started finding stuff in the other asteroid belt now there's an asteroid belt between Mas and Jupiter but there's another asteroid belt further out past Pluto called the copper belt k u r I p. a R. . Named after a Dutch American astronomer and they had thought within their lives of ations that they had found another object out there that was as big as Pluto and then they'd be days and they thought they'd found another object as well a 2nd object which was as big as Pluto maybe bigger and they thought oh this is going to get messy we've already found 2 objects bigger than Pluto and they were wrong of course when they did better observations with superior telescopes of a longer period of time they found that was. All of them put out I said but back in 2006 they had a general meeting I think it was in Central Europe Hungary or chicks of argue somewhere like that and they then voted Ok look we've got the situation we're going to end up with a dozen planets each a dozen lumps of rock bigger than Pluto we can't have this by the wall we can but I said we can't have this let's change the definition of a Pluto let's vote forward now here in somewhere in Central Europe in 2006 and so they change the definition to be firstly it's an object that orbits the Sun fits. The shouldn't it has sufficient mass to be round or nearly round it fits on that one is not a satellite of another object you know like Neptune Ok Fon and in the last one they added in just to get rid of it has removed debris and small objects from the area around it's all but they deliberately threw that in they just get rid of Pluto and in fact if you look at Jupiter Jupiter is going to objects cold Trojans you know like the Trojan War which one 3rd of its orbit in front of it behind it and Jupiter has not removed in fact it's put them they stable but they threw that in they specifically to get rid of put up and I have spoken to a few people from a school of physics who were there at that meeting and I said do you feel ashamed they said no we did the right thing but then now I don't think we did and so there's different opinions about it and could I have another meeting to put put it back in show they'd have a meeting. But also almost obviously. The the story is going on. Still 3 times the size of the. West Coast of the Great Red Spot and it seems to have been there for centuries and the Seems to be getting a little bit smaller but it is amazing that we have had a storm so stable for so long and so Hugh. Absolutely mind blowing yes. Ok monkfish she said Caron considered the comment. The strongest most strongest of the strongest. Critics kind of between to be honest. Not just a comment. On how do you spell or can't see h i r n. Char on cognac ever heard of it. Is now. Available on her computer so. There's a $97.00 display they put it on the map. Taken on board. Boise astronomers or the astrologers. Basically it's a common story astronomy thing right because the planets are going to pick up a map. Just put some meanings into it started. Really except for one of the that's why I suspect that Pluto 1st because I said I'm going to put that in the background comet and. It's a planet far as I'm concerned it's a planet Pluto is a planet. You know what. It is 26 year old is it is the designated in 1977 all right tell me about when it says I'm on the very reliable. And so at the previous I had a lot of people use others are available there is a minor planets in the outer solar system moves in the sun between South and your anus discovered in 97 the 1st identified member of a new class of objects known as centaurs bodies all booting between the asteroid belt and the cars in the Kiper belt k u y p hype about Young Well the Americans called copper. Countries. It's rational but I see what you want to consider that it's just another coming. If . Well it where is it in the head he spoke at c h i r o n yet 26 yes sure oh no it should Cairo and I think it's going to probably pronounce Cairo 26 d c r found it right c n n Well if it's a comet then it is made of Aussie top stuff and if it's an asteroid is made of rocky stuff if an asteroid and a comet on a very elliptical orbit so they come relatively close to the sun the rocky one the asteroid is not really affected but the Aussie one will find itself in the situation where the OS is get hot and evaporate then leaving a tile behind so part of being a comet is that you have a tile when you come closer to the sun. I haven't found anything about coral being other rock or I So I don't really know I had to read up more on it. The Near Infrared of the spectrum of current shows the absence of water ice but it might have carbon dog thought also some sort of office. Caught of things to be poorly defined at this stage I tend to get my saws from astronomers rather than astrologers not. To get shot 1st. The thing is getting that simply try it in a panel not really. Well you have to define it and we have one minute take the average definition and at the moment is defined to be not a planet but if you get enough astronomers together at the next general meeting they can redefine it to be a planet. Every good morning to you it's 4 am on Thursday the 1st of February b.b.c. News I'm Wally Webb to research has signalled that she will she'll oppose proposals to made by the European Union to ensure full residency rights for the e.u. Citizens who move to the u.k. Joining the transition period after Bragg's it the prime minister who's visiting China said that the British people had not voted in the e.u. Referendum for nothing to change concerns have been expressed about a new agency set up to streamline the process of obtaining criminal records checks in England and Wales the National Audit Office says the beginning creased costs and delays has our home affairs correspondent Danny Schorr.