[inaudible conversations] when i was growing up i read a lot of biographies. Interested of historical figures the computer field was young but already there were those who had done incredible work. There is a wonderful story that has done a great thing and i happen to believe the computer is the greatest invention ever. I liked history even before my machine that i had barely heard of with physical size is to look at the nomenclature of the switches. The industry has made bigger changes in a few decades than printing has over a few centuries. When i was a student at m. I. T. The computer took up half a building and caused tens of millions of dollars of the computer in your cellphone is 1 million times cheaper than 1,000 times more powerful. We are recording the events of this extemporaneously. Rarely in history do you have a chance to do that wouldnt you love to hear michelangelo talk about what it was like for the Sistine Chapel . It is important. That is what the museum is about to understand the history of what has been happening and it to see it and feel it. As a graduate student completing about the architecture of a faculty member told me study it even if you dont like it there is something exceptional year need to know what that is. That is what the Computer History Museum is all about. Good afternoon. [applause] is great to see all of you here today it is wonderful to have you here we have over 300 people registered for this event which is wonderful for the noontime get together so well come. This is the first for us i hope you took a few minutes to look at the photographs downstairs by a doug menuez this will be through september 7 this is grand opening and were delighted you are hereby to make clear we have a great news sponsor as a result of this collaboration with Micron Technology return to the valley after an absence but now starting to rebuild their president s and we are so delighted they stepped forward to see this as though wonderful event that we saw. Paying cute make that possible. And as our partners to day to take advantage of that we will see you out there with those good people. Were doing to sound bites thursdays july 24 is just like this Michael Malone will be here from Silicon Valley who has written a brilliant new book called the intel trinity. He will be your as we do the interviews. So we hope you will be here for that and finally we return to revolutionaries after a summer break with the early days of the internet with q a a cards we hope you take advantage after they do the presentation and now for the program doug menuez if very accomplished author and photographer and has done important work all over the of world in for a variety of fields and today we focus on this incredible project called fearless genius the digital revolution in Silicon Valley 1985 2000 when he was a brilliant young photographer he met steve jobs as he was starting over after leaving apple. In the extraordinary act of trust he was allowed to be accessed beginning his professional life called next once he heard doug menuez was given unlimited access all of the jurors begin to open and it interfered and 70 leading companies thank up behind the scenes as Venture Capital before days when the start up by diazs and wrote that through to the internet boom when he concluded as it was collapsing as the era was ending generating 250,000 images and what use the downstairs is 50 of the most caryatids images fear this genius has been traveling it has been to barcelona, china, and now returns home to Silicon Valley this is the only west coast stop it is only a personal appearance of your delighted to have him here today please join me too well, doug menuez. [applause] thank you for that beautiful introduction and thank you for coming today. You all live this history. But as a witness i will tell you what i saw. I will take you back to a simple place in time to Silicon Valley before the internet before facebook or texting that age of the beeper. [laughter] the fax machine was cool during the digital revolution in when the tribe of engineers in entrepreneurs and Venture Capitalists cave in to gather with an explosion that rocked our world improve the power of Creative Ideas can become reality with willpower and sheer passion creating millions of jobs and untold wealth and looking at challenges today about education and the shortterm investment not a lot of patience and money for a tough problems like solving Climate Change today. If we are not doing that are we as innovative as we thought we were . Before i it just that let me take you back how i got to Silicon Valley i was interested in technology but in 1985 the young photojournalist coverings of famine in ethiopia was a news photographer and had seen a number of horrific things with this was on a scale that was incomprehensible walking into a campus 100,000 in almost all of them are dying. I shop for time and newsweek and i was overwhelmed how to contribute something in the fall meaningful i thought about a story that would be more hopeful for the human race and that save years steve jobs was forced out apple. And he hit bottom announced he would build a supercomputer to transforming education i knew that was the key to so many social issues so i reached out through friends and asked if i could document steve in the Team Building a the next adventure and wanted complete access for life magazine. Amazingly he agreed. Of course, he was already thinking about this. I stayed in three years if he blessed me with his trustee i could go through the valley to expand my project to cover most of the leading innovators with 70 companies and i shot a lot of film and now that materialism and Stanford Library where it is preserved as a resource that is why with the scanning we have done we can bring you that fearless genius book and this exhibition and we try to do a documentary now and Education Program to continue this to share and celebrate that history to bring wellesz and ford to todays the entrepreneur is. I will begin with steve for i began and i will share a number of stories but this is where i started with steve jobs we do about his Great Success but most people dont know about the 10 years of struggle and failure he went through at wilderness. We were talking there were trying to put the power of the mainframe but the prototype came and we were looking and i said what are you going to do with this kilo anyway . He said i won some kid at stanford to cure cancer in his dorm room. With luck in his eye of realize that power he had i knew was possible because everybody believed it was possible and they all wanted to be on the bus to the future and ross perot came in with 20 million and he said lets go to the abandoned warehouse where we will delay a factory to do a formal lunch pitch we will build the most advanced Robotic Assembly line no human hands selling 10,000 Computers Per month and he wrote touchback. Most everybody is in the pitcher he says he is interrupting his presentation and he says lets work nights and weekends until christmas then we will take up a week off. The engineers says we already are working nights and weekends. [laughter] one of my favorite people was susan you designed and icons for the of my crisp mcintosh and redesigned the icons for windows then did many devices so for word has affected the lives of many people every day but most dont know who she is one of the unsung women in the valley that i came across. [laughter] those of you who recognize the handwriting the steve jobs to do less. If you cannot read it says ankle deep shit. [laughter] he could pull these ideas to push towards it was like watching an artist. I have been blasted my career i have been at the amazon, the north pole photographing presidency and movie stars but by the time i got to steve i had much lifeanddeath experiences but somehow in the room with him was terrifying because i knew one day i would have to justify my existence just like everyone else in the room so i had to figure out who i was. Photojournalist want to take pictures reveal injustice and changed lines i was willing to die for a photo as were my peers but then i realized these people are change change our world. I felt useful and after that steve was a lot easier. Ish. [laughter] here he said d. C. 20 minutes you can prepare a plan to sell 10,000 Computers Per month as support that in about 25 minutes . He did it he rarely saw steven the unconscious moment i call this steve jobs pretending to be human. Ye what i observed it is all about trust he had to know theyre willing to die for that idea and potentially in a startup if someone presented something that he did not like that person he could start attacking this is the stupidest idea i had the first scene. Ive editing for prime time. [laughter] if the engineer was pitcher and had done their homework they would say no. It is not stupid. No. No. It is good. And go back and forth five or 10 minutes. It would seem like the eternity but then the flash floods which did he would say okay that he would go to the next. It was amazing to watch. I am not condoning bad behavior but somehow he could marshal these brilliant scientist to do what he wanted to go with against the laws of physics as they reminded him to create the impossible. Thus freeing of 1989 equaling through his personal fortune in pics are and the company is on the ropes then they have a lavish launch but now it is the spring and also the single computer not even a factory of robots the ranges of meeting with ken and that wants to invest his asking for 100 billion and he heard they only want to give him 50 and double the equity he comes into the meeting wearing a sweater vest this is the 80s he was not showing the proper respect. He sits down and makes six ridiculous and unreasonable demands not on the agenda it took an hourandahalf to get through these and everyone is baffled. Finally the teheran says i need a break. He turns to his team and says you guys have fucked up the deal of people looking at me like i know. John is in the hall and he told me 20 years later later, steve was laughing in the hallway and he said why are to in their safety or jobs . He said i just made these ridiculous demands and he said one by one he fights a cannon has come back like germany against brazil. And they are crushing the of might be steve jobs finding the can and has won all six points but in that moment the power shifted right back to steve he got the 100 million and the robots he promised ross perot. Going backwards this is his office before the launch when secrecy was paramount even than. So they did this fantastic launch 88 magazine covers most of not know the prototype was running. One time ross and i were standing in the group steve had a problem with somebody and was yelling at them 30 feet away and everyone just chance theyre watching awkwardly and ross perot scenes over weld now steve remise me of myself and i was 30. [laughter] but then ive learned you can catch more flies with honey. Despite the failure of the next hardware having to close the factories and laying off 300 people hed never gave up on the operating system and kept developing the next one for years that laid the seeds for his redemption and come back. I heard they were doing a cool thing added dobie call photoshop i got involved in a started to do document you have 500 years of printing history then bam publishing changes the world and these touche gentlemen spent 20,000 man hours with the code that connects computers to printers that they renamed post script. And launched adobe in the original Business Plan was not desktop publishing. This is symbolic if theyre going to have sex this was it. [laughter] it felt like paris because as the technology caught up with the Processing Power for desktop publishing to become real are distorted to appear this is the great painter taking the first photoshop class invitational. I felt like i was discovering a hidden tribe with their own culture and language to go with the new technology this is the creative director today and one of the key reasons that brodeur shop was adopted and successful he could be evangelizes to get them to try it and the also really loved costumes. I got a call that said were doing a cool handheld device as a communication device you should come over i ask for permission to document the tea men what i had done with steve in and he agreed. It was like a of a rebel unit he had funded inside the mother ship. It was all about macintosh at that time the he saw that to his market share to develop a new revenue stream so john gets a bad rap because after steve was forced out he is criticized constantly for doing that but after steve fleshy grew the company from 800 million of that 8 billion at the time he left apple was most Profitable Company in the world more than ibm or any Software Company or microsoft but theyre having trouble innovating and that was the newton and what it was about. It was a highrisk gamble and john put women into executive positions that i had not seen a lot of. Manufacturing, software and this woman had her baby and rarely left the building also with the changing culture of the of ballet. Should press be behind the curtain and raised the issue light is diversity important . Is it social justice . Of course. But also whoever writes the code controls the machine which impacts User Behavior in the culture if they have different priorities the features are a different and it is better. The team was burning allowing given one year to right to 1 million lines of code with only 30 engineers. They did it but at the end of the your there was a decision made to switch the chip that was good but they said to have to rewrite that we will give you another year. A 27 darrell pledges working day and night he just gotten married when he heard this he loaded up pistol and shot himself in the heart. That was beyond devastating for the team and for all of us. When i go around doing this talk is so interesting people outside the valley do not realize the level of sacrifice that is made to create the products that we take for granted. But the team rallied who the team and others gathered together to make technical breakthroughs to meet the date for shipping and was a catharsis in devotional relief but it shipped to soon there is only 95 percent and john left the company but the vision for the newton that he believed in was vindicated. He was laughed at when he announced there ribby millions the hand held smart phone devices and newton paved the way in many ways for the private with the palm pilots and than by phone and ipad that i have the picture in the book of the ipad designed 1993. Without investors you get nothing, no Technology Without really smart idealistic investors, you dont get to change the world and as a young entrepreneur he wanted to make your elevator pitch here. Like compact and aol and at a tall man did google and few companies had as many Success Stories but they were patient backers amazon took five years to make a profit. Bill joy a another of the geniuses and i said what was that . The whip the web was released one year before but i have passed this question before what did he use to develop the of World Wide Web . This is bill gates and no one should never pay more than 50 for a photo. Thinks a lot. [laughter] he was the devil than now he is an angel. This is in toe of most advanced at the time and workers taking a break with an exercise brakeman a r pueblo indians. Right after torrey story was released toy story was released, probably if you want to compete you should not put your motherboard on display but i dont know that much about it. And finishing java in his office said thousand people were having a water fight down below but i was interested in this culture. This is not a strategic map. These are the golf courses that he wants to play. [laughter] it is of modifying. The great archetypal is the leader is forced out and the team broke the mold the he was the last company that i spent time with at the end of the dhaka on cycle they created the for software that lead m a ebay city it creates a web page it was a classic start up another source material might include photos and pizza and cocacola. It was fun. But time was running out. To a couple of employees disagreed with the strategy why and it went behind his back to the board and the investors decided it was time for him to go in to they were supposed to close the investment round and everybody was excited but it turned out the meeting had a different agenda you are fired we are replacing a review in a new direction and thanks for your service. Samir said i am not going. Screw you. I have the vision and i will fight to for my vision there was a long battle theyve left. They shut the company down and he had to go before his 125 employees who ever can stay and work without pay please do. By noon the following monday he had 10 million in the bank it is amazing to do without lawyers or do diligence. The best part of the story is three months later he sold the company to ibm at 100 million and brought back the investors said they paid 1,000 percent. His story shows so many threads now he is very successful. Of aside conneaut when i am to Company Public the7fi7[zn mt was nervous march 1999 the ipo was not a huge success and a cnn asked if it was the beginning of the and of the. Com bubble all ipos were flat so by march of 2000 trillions of dollars started to wash away. It was devastating if youve lived through it it was amazing. But for me, it was tragic because i cave and and was attracted to the noble causes the idealism i want kids and africa as to have computers and really minted in say we dont have a product yet but that was unsustainable and it crashed made while Silicon Valley is crashing best steve jobs is rising like a rocket to rebuild apple the operating system hed never gave up on to say them allowing apple to chance for itself and to the Amazing Company because it bought it the reason he was fired part merely because he would not agree to license the up macintosh operating system he was forced out and all projection showed if he did that the company would be bankrupt in three years the one thing they did to save the company would sell the chip Company Called arm saw john said recently how much money did you to make for apple . I said zero . He said 850 million that is what they sold armor for and used 452 build the next zero us. Uninteresting story so i will leave you with a couple of thoughts i have been thinking about. The singularity is coming and computers will gain consciousness i believe that if that is cool or terrifying i would like to have a public dialogue. We thought that was good we definitely know that if anything in the future is possible how to rebuild and choose the best possible picture . I agree there should be public dialogue. Second the big challenges we face in education there are a shortage of engineers. Who will be the next steve jobs . Where will she come from . She could come from anywhere there is all whole pool crop of kids but unless it addresses the issue she probably will have fought hard time fielding of cool team here in the west. A couple of years ago we graduated fewer doctorate of Computer Sciences than 1970 and served, what are some investments to day so shortterm . Everybody wants their money out in 18 months. This has led to innovation you could do in the short term. Added this apps. Those are cool but most everything today was invented in the seven days or before because we are at the end of the cycle so little is maturing and becoming the functional. But it is hard for big a risky idea is to be funded there is not a lot of money for the sake Climate Change. There was the breakthrough after 2000 with the shift of the Investment Strategy the longterm thinking just is not there. Which makes me ask the question can you think of a single innovation since 2000 that has scaled up to create millions of jobs with benefits, fulltime jobs happening during the digital revolution . I cannot seem to of one if you think of selling things online that there is growing but nothing has scaled to create meaningful jobs selling baskets on line will not growth of middleclass i dont think not to go negative but the good news is theres a huge new wave of stuff coming whether it is sensors sure that no attack and 3d printing you can see it just like in days id listed young innovators coming with it the question is how do we catch that . Just to the few with this the people i photograph from a mission to improve our life why is it important to have the mission to be a part of baker then yourself it is ridiculously impressed taking the hard to have to believe in something deeply to walk through the fire. He dont have to be a genius but you do have to be fearless many already had a tremendous impact on our world many are striving to create something amazing if you succeed you to change our lives. What you do matters that fearless genius story is your story. This is your tribe. Lets go catch the next wave to the future of the next revolution and fights for the biggest ideas are the toughest problems to fulfill the promises of the last revolution. Thank you so much. [applause] he have a chance to catch your breath. That was fantastic. Let me ask you a couple of love questions with to a defect thousand images you have captured during this period when does that narrative start to reemerge . Teeeight you have an idea we wanted to say or do you just have to that it turbinate . I was so burned out by 2000 i put it into boxes and we made plans to move to york so i did not think about it at that time but when stanford came into the pitcher to think about a book then i began to realize there is a natural narrative already with steve being forced out which is the beginning of the story with the rise of Silicon Valley with money pouring in like gasoline on a fire. Said end in 2000. So while i was shooting it it became apparent today would probably succeed but i could see the passion and energy with the two real changes i would tell my editors you have a computer on your desk and they would laugh. You will have a digital camera but they thought i was insane. You could see the future through their eyes and i would believe in its. It took some time but by the way real the scant 8,000 images is an only have funding for that much so i have Many Companies all these great people are in there i just showed you a tiny piece so we hope to continue this to pull a lot different case studies especially the startups that failed. After you have begun the project with steve . Get was all little bit interesting i got calls from people saying were doing cool stuff to. And edger have full access going in and on my own because i had heard about something cool. People would hear about me but it came down to trust because it was uptight with competition. I would be with the adobe of the board would have a lawsuit discussion in they would be planning the countersue but ive never told anybody. [laughter] so i was a trustworthy. That had to me in the everything. I approved it but to create the sense out of that time because their lessons from the passion of those days. Was it the passion you first walked on to . I am a romantic and i think most of the people i of attracted to are crazy people steve jobs and says distortion field. There were socalled singular minded you had to believe your idea was succeed somehow. I learn who i am with my place in the world but it has become a mission in for me that we can all learn and grow. When i have last known people who have seen a bit of the show already why Venture Capital . Because i knew nothing about technology to start i was an artist who became a photojournalist. Typically people dont want nothing to do with the suits but they clearly had the power. They were brilliant and reminded me of the renaissance movers and shakers if you hall underground that was the everyday excel 88 education exciting education many engineers were focused on technical projects. But it began because i got and decided to shoot for Time Magazine and john was said to an interesting brilliant man and very generous and once i got it and there i was amazed however koch and how you build a company i did not even know what the term sheet was everyone plays a role and you have to have the right to balance off to create great stuff fetid sustainable. It is ridiculous. Why blackandwhite . Believe it or not usa today came out in 1981 by 1985 and a proposed the story everything was color were going to color so blackandwhite was exotic and new and radical but also the tradition i did not shoot color and tell 1921. So for me that was important the other reason was technical shooting in fluorescent lit rooms with computer screens black and white the cave of 80 you deal with late but also to strip away the caller to get to the motion faster you see what people are feeling. An end to this and the motion would erupt across the room. [laughter] and i had done stakeouts of drug dealers and russian and spies standing in the freezing rain so i was trained like it in just for valley. Host you mention it in the beginning about the documentary and what that consist of and what you hope to achieve with that . Ryan excited because i have found to in the video part of this layers the intermission i was so surprised of what i did on no i was privileged to see that but i only saw one level. Said you have three or four points of view just layers and textures you can see the gray areas so i hope to do a year interviewing the people that survived then live up to the future the first twothirds of the film a validate the history and why is that period important . The last 20 minutes is what is coming next with the future so we went to look forward to do this was a series that is all about the future. I have gone down the of rabil hall with this the rabbit hole. It is hard provide photographed these people but it is building a long. The book is done. The five hits by a bus tomorrow i am happy because i and that the Computer History Museum. [laughter] [applause] we need to keep you from getting hits by a bus. By the way there is a bit of the documentary running downstairs when you see that video screen you will see rough cuts i was watching a the interviews this morning. She is fantastic. Schaede in venice so articular it. Talk about her. Susan was handpicked by steve and convinced to join next because she was working with one of the great Consumer Retail stores geniuses. He wanted to know everything about that that was her expertise she became very close and had a lot of passion but the creation with the issue minister to clause allows people to express their troops as to have unleashed the creativity through the tools to the average our vision so she articulates what is exciting that nobody can say. People are talking to me that i have relationships that i havent trusted and i add to the history the understanding of that time so that will be could. Host a year starting with the photographs with interview someone what type of reactions are you getting he said samir senator remember you were in the room. That is good because i practiced becoming invisible. That was my thank. Do they get emotional . Sometimes they deny the reality there is always us bin to history. They remembered differently you just have to present the information. I always have to take the position i am a witness this is what i saw. To the best of my ability this is what i enter stood life for me it becomes even more important to complete the picture. Host a minute goes to revolution downstairs will seek one of the deep beliefs about building the exhibit every image had to have a caption that told history that needed to say with the image runs and one of the things i was so delighted about was so wonderful captions you had written picture after picture. Wed did you commit to that . It is easy to do a lot less and there is a lot of history. It took one year and it was held because i am not a writer. I wrote them originally for the russian exhibition because its the curator there said we are russian. We read. [laughter] i have read tolstoy. [laughter] really . That started the ball rolling so i did it orally that i worked on it then i gotta setup captions but the booze was packed with people reading by a captions and other photographers got upset because there were not leaving my dues. [laughter] that started it when i got the book contract the editor said of course, you have to write to this i said i thought we would hire one he said he will write the captions so we had together researchers to really go deep to triangulates a lot and we still find out things that are different especially technical stuff but i appreciate you saying that. It was a very hard thing to do. Thank you. Host the reaction around the rest of the world . Lots of 20 somethings are very excited i did not expect this but it is cruel. Even in boston a young man from sudan came with tears in his eyes and said we see these talks the use of this stuff and it made a real for them but also young people come up they dont know who bought his store their own history i am talking gras engineers they dont know their history. So theyre excited to connect the dots because theyre building on the shoulders of giants. Like the professor and of the others. They find history to be relevant . Theyre starting to. For years actually in Silicon Valley i would exclude this crowd but a lot of people are like that is, will, who cares . Were putting all of our money on to the next deal. A lot of people are focused on the next thing but that is valid because it is hard but i thank you have to study the past to have the best future. Host that is an interesting point because you start to years talk about this and you do receive this with a conviction you are not simply talking about the events from the 15th through 30 years ago but things that are relevant today. How are you in partying that message and why it you believe it so deeply . But we have to do something. And i see they are developing bottomline businesses and they think about employees when hewlettpackard and the Companies Began there were a part of the fabric of the community they bought property taxes and it was a relationship to is that employees then they became global creating efficiencies so it is heartier justify so i dont know the answer but i do know the other piece is the passion that i saw it is relevant and all the stuff that i talk about that is coming nothing has scaled. It is coming in it is exciting quantum computing doesnt exist . If you dont have people that have that in session fuel support them or crazy investors you will fail. But that has to be done maybe there needs to be more incentives for less risk but i see it to the future because i see the launch a producer and say tell the about your apps. Is this the most exciting thing in your life . She looked at me like no. Then i will make monday thank go figure out what my life is about. [laughter] that is common. You leave something here need to believe then they can walk away they can go back and live with their parents. [laughter] but it is not horrible it is normal but i just feel the stakes were higher middleclass cans and a smart enough to get into stanford in started these companies here. But had the American Value using up for wear it out they did not feel they to go back home easily but had to succeed her die trying severe underlying values we could bring back as well but i am excited because most of my career is about culture and i am happy to see the world scale up around this technology as it did but now we come back to the u. S. Will we ever grow an economy if were not creating stuff that is sustainable . I dont know. Host what you hope people will take away . Just to think about the lessons anyone could tell me it is more important than what i am bringing up. But i believe that passion is the key people say invest in the person not the plan but that is not the case because it is about what is the idea . I know you stay incredibly busy with the work you were doing you were shooting for vanity fair or forbes but how much of that ongoing work tear digitize and extract more from this project are you able to do . Funny you should ask that. My dream is to create a platform to be a new model. Photographers are struggling now. Has destroyed the trade practices of many industry. [laughter] we need a new model and if you have a good story you can create a film were the Education Program so my dream is to have a movement with the five years that i am talking about because you can have fearless genius and for politics, education or sports about being pulled to after a tough idea is that is that the core of this culture because life is short. Host this summer has blown by and were so happy to have you here and your project is brilliant we want you to sign 1 billion box books. [applause] we are attracted ubiquitous lee and intimately and all the time. And people would say to me looking at other magazines to say it does not affect me because i am not on facebook or my grandmother is not but i say first of all, there is 45 billion people whose photos are on facebook who could be facially identified through tagging and data have to be on facebook