World of the gilded age, and especially the lives of larz and Isabel Anderson. Is the first full length publication on the couple, an important addition to our understanding of the andersons. Why studied them . They will never be household names. The person never ascended into the ranks of the carnegies with the vanderbilts, but through their lives we get a welldocumented window into our nations character and history as it charged into the modern world of the 20th century. We get an especially vibrant view of the nations capital, where the andersons were among the most important residents during the gilded age. For more, let me turn it over to our speaker. [applause] mr. Moskey thank you emily for that introduction. I want to thank emily and the entire staff at the society of cincinnati for hosting me and many visits to the library and archives for almost six years. I almost feel like this is a homecoming for me. It is a pleasure to be here in the home by Larz Anderson and Isabel Perkins in 1935, and since 1938, the home of society of thet cincinnati. I am here to talk about the fulllength biography of larz andphysical called larz physical Anderson Well and celebrity in Isabel Anderson wealth and celebrity in the gilded age. If you have looked at the portraits hanging from this room, you know that larz has a stern look on his face, but i think they would both be interested in what i have to say tonight, as i hope you are. I want to briefly tell you how i came to write the book, then spend most of my time this evening telling you about the homes and larz gardens in new england, the other side that has not been well understood until next. Itone earlier reader said, is kind of like a home and garden store. If that is the impression you got, then bravo. For washingtonians, knowing more inut the couples home brooklyn, named in honor of isabels grandfather from whom she inherited her wealth, and her simple cabin in New Hampshire, will help put Anderson House in sharper focus for you. Just as the choices that larz made about the art and architecture about Anderson House, for it was larz that made those choices, and the choices he made for their home in as larz sorry, just made choices about the art and architecture about anderson has about how larz saw his places in the world. Host for the homes in brooklyn in integrated private sites for their lives, both as a married couple and as individuals. How did it happen that i came to write this book . On a very cold day in january 2010, while out for a walk in my neighborhood on massachusetts avenue, i saw a sign out in front of his house said Anderson House free tour today. I knew something of the history, that a wealthy couple had once lived here, but not that much more. I decided to go in for the tour and warm up. Saw. Awestruck by what i everyone is the first moment you walk in. I immediately wanted to know more about the people that built this house and asked the docent is there was something i could rate. He sighed audibly that no one had written a book about larz and isabel. Given what i had just experienced, i was rather perplexed. In the absence of books about started toabel, i read accounts of their lives in the digitized online editions of american newspapers. Clark, the director of the library of cincinnati, found out my interest in the andersons and invited me to read the unpublished version of larz s journals housed here in this building. The more i read, the more that i realized there was not as an interesting story to be told about larz and isabel, but there was also a new book to be written about the gilded age, with larz and isabel as exhibit number one. As someone who had made his way in life up to that point as a writer, editor, publisher, and researcher, the idea for a book about larz and isabel seemed to be the perfect next project for me. When i talked to washington architectural historian james good about the possibility of writing such a book, he encouraged me to do so, citing if you could write that book, it would be the one everyone is waiting for. At the time i was starting to work on the book, the commonly held narrative about the andersons adult lives revolved primarily around larzs career in diplomacy, their wedding, isabels work as a war volunteer and author, and their participation in elite society in the nations capital. When i started going to brookline, massachusetts i found that even less was known about them, although they had spent more time in brookline than they ever did in washington. The reason for this is clearly that Anderson House has been open as a golden age house museum for the past 70 years. And because the society of the cincinnati has been so good about perpetuating the andersons in washington by welcoming thousands of visitors a year. I knew that existing accounts of larz and his wives were fragmented and incomplete. And there was no established body of scholarship i could turn to. I had my work cut out for me. I had to establish a chronology not just for their lives, but their parents, grandparents, and distant ancestors. I would have to craft an overarching narrative for two complex lives that stand almost a century of American History. I would have to pick and choose from dozens of details and episodes in their lives to create an interesting, readable, and ultimately compelling story about two people who had been mostly forgotten by time. The book includes the early years, life in brookline coming enhancer, therefore in travels, and lazy weeks and months among their house boat. The book provides an account of larzs diplomatic dealings under president taft, and in our view is assessment of isabels literary output. The last two chapters of the book, which were in a way most interesting for me to write, reconstruct isabels life after larzs death. I decided early on that i will tell the andersons story is much as possible in their own words, supplemented by the recommendations by the recollections and memoirs of their friends, family, and employees. There were dozens of books published in their lifetime and shortly thereafter that included recollections of them. Larz and isabels writings, especially larzs, are so extensive, detailed, and candid, i could write about a most anything in their lives in their own words. I almost consider myself as a biographer very lucky to have actually met and talked with when they knew isabel were young. And they freely shared their memories of her with me. One of them, a woman in New Hampshire, had done manual labor for isabel at the box list and at the house in brookline. The other was a woman in washington whose mother had taken her to one of isabels weekly tea parties when she was a child. Her story is in the book. Talking to these ladies certainly made me feel like isabel was not all that far away in time. Anchor theht to story in the Historic Events of the andersons era and in the great and famous people that they associate it with associated with. Taft,roosevelt, president mod and john elliott, henry james, and Isabella Stewart gardner, and many others. As i decided which of their famous friends and acquaintances to include, i gave references to american figures rather than to foreigners, since i thought this would help american readers connect larz and isabel to the broader context of American History with which they were already familiar. This should have been on the screen. Sorry. Inz and isabel were married 1897 in boston and spent the first two years of their married life traveling abroad, first to japan and china highway of hawaii. By way of hawaii. Here they are pictured in honolulu. And then later to india by way of the suez canal. Larz says they needed this time to make plans for their life together. It also gave them an opportunity to experience and experiment with what life as an elite married couple might be like. It certainly gave isabel more time to become accustomed to the ways of the world they were about to enter. Larz had run up with luxury and privilege, but isabel cannot. She had been raised in an upper middle class family in a modest home in back bay boston, by somewhat reclusive parents who rarely went out or entertained beyond a very intimate and a small circle of family and friends. In between two strips to japan and india, larz and isabel rented the large and largely decorated bellamy mansion at rhode island avenue, diagonally across where the old ymca was. The 1898ed it for winter social season in washington. As the temporary occupants of one of the capitals most elite homes of the late 19th century, theyve had an early taste of what it was like to be hosts in washington. I believe that experience helps them conceptualize and relies their dreams for this house. Isabel had not yet learned how to be the mistress of a large and for students home with servants and and christine just home with servants. This is part of what her marriage to larz would demand. Isabel was most certainly tutored in this by larzs mother during that first winter in washington. After their return from india in the spring of 1899, they were ready to start their life together. They took over the brookline state of isabels first cousin, William Fletcher weld the second, known it during his lifetime as billy. The circumstances under which they acquired the house make for a good story of its own. A typically boston story, someone called it. Widowsdeath, his subsequent remarriage to an owner that did not like the weld family, and the somewhat cloak and dagger scheme to wrest the house back from the unpopular new yorker. When larz and isabel acquired in 1899,rookline house it was a quaint and cozy home in the shingle style with nooks and crannies that fostered a sense of comfort and privacy. Larz had envisioned something grander and more on the style of elements italian villa. Villa. Mmense italian he never got his wish to tear donw billys house and start over. Isabel was attached and the land had belonged to her grandfather. Larz had to settle for elaborate and somewhat awkward additions to billys massive house to achieve the desired he wanted. That is what became of the house. By the time larz was done with his twoyear makeover, it had been transformed from a charming shingle style new England Country home into a bombastic structure of a type that i and other architectural historians have called gilded age kistch. [laughter] billys original house was encased in an architectural confection that contains several new and immense spaces, two bedroom suites. A living room so large that its furniture seemed a bit undersized, as you will see in a moment. And a ballroom that was rarely used. Coreinteriors of billys part of the house remained essentially in their original condition. Isabel liked the way they were. Lets take a quick look at how larz and his architects achieved this transformation of the house. Whole Creative Team is your tonight. I want to recognize harry martin somewhere in the back. Kerry is a washington architect who did the architectural schematics. Harry, thank you. [applause] and also Robert Weiser is here, he did the book cover. Robert, thank you very much. [applause] here we have the first floor of the house. This is will writes original 1888 mansion. This is the addition. The second floor plan, all of this was isabels bedroom suite. And larz had a bedroom suite over here. And the remainder of billys house. We dont know exactly what the floor plan it looks like when will wright designed the house in the mid1880s. This is the floor plan as it existed in 1940. Plan,s an authentic floor but it might have looked a little different in its original configuration. If you can see this, but this was isabels bedroom suite. 1997, shes in ined in larzs death , she moved into the smallest room of the house. I think that says something. You can see that larz achieved the ceiling height that he wanted by playing with the floors and offsets between the old and new part of the house. This is another view of the house from early 1950s. Despite the expanded size of the house, it had been increased from a little over 9000 square feet to almost 21,000 square feet. All the mansions interior spaces remained essentially private and were rarely used for large functions. Calleds the hendersons the house, was an eclectic idiosyncratic house that reflected the private life and complex personalities of its occupants. Thehink that if you read book and compare and contrast the house with this one, you will see this is a much more public space. Magnificent and artistic, but not reflective of their personalities in the way the brookline house was. Lets take a quick tour of the first floor of the house. We are in this section, this is the living room. The room was actually about twice the size. There was a whole other half photographed that i did not include here. This fireplace was actually a copy of one in the mansion that when he isabel rented was the minister to belgium in 1911 and i can 12. 1911 and 1912. We know from photographs what the house looks like. The house was torn down in 1955. It no longer exists. There was a large ballroom. This was furniture that had belonged to isabels grandfather that he had imported from china. This is the drawing room. Very much in a french style. This was the room as billy weld had it installed in the house. Andersons did not change it. Fireplace ishis where her magnificent portrait was posed from. This is an important photograph for anderson has and its cultural history because this is the spot where isabel stood when she had that portrait painted. Front hallway. Just a place where people could come in and sit down. Sorry they call this the leather den, because the walls had leather text l eather tacked on them. But it was a personal area, none but the most intimate of their r inner circle got to visit. The dining room here is much more magnificent and impressive. A sunroom. The sunroom had four murals, each one representing one of the cities where larz had served, rome, brussels, tokyo. As you have seen in some of these photos, and certainly in this one, there were collectibles and objects set out on tables, displayed in cabinets, and hung on walls everywhere in a way that was perhaps only meaningful to larz and isabel. One poignant example of the way they arrange things in the home in brooklyn is this funeral shrine that isabel set up to larz in the mansion after his death. Most of these things are identifiable. There is shinto and greek symbols spurdhist around. Symbols spread around. This is part of their eclectic collecting, except the quality of material on display for exceeded what they had in brookline. The thingsthe house, that were displayed for the viewing, notivate for the world at large, as they were here at Anderson House. Theyin Anderson House displayed their larger showier and more valuable furniture. For example, their rare flemish tapestries and exquisite Imperial Japanese lacquer ware. In in brooklyn they displaced smaller proposal smaller personal memorabilia, bricabrac, things like and frameds of hats n certificates and newspaper clippings. That is a bit about the interior. Lifetime, andersons the gardens and brookline were probably better known nationally and internationally than was the house in washington. Count there were at least 10 gardens and landscapes in withline, and the two green dots are the ones for which there are some vestiges. The others are completely gone. Landscapings, especially the Italian Garden, where a major part of the Emotional Center of the couples lives. Larz was also proud of these gardens, and wanted the world to know about them. He promoted them to writers, journalists, and professors of landscape architecture. And personally gave tours to those that wanted to study the gardens professionally. The brookline estate had two main garden systems. As i mentioned, and Italian Garden on the upper level of the estate near the mansion, and an english garden, sometimes also called the lagoon, on the lower elevation. With me start by describing the Italian Garden, since this was the single most important project to the andersons that they ever undertook. I believe it was even more important to them emotionally than this house was, although this was a important house and architectural history. This is thehere, house, and all of this is the Italian Garden system. Photograph interior of the garden. Garden was designed by charles a plat in 1800 immediately after the andersons acquired billys house. It was completed in 1901 as this marking testifies. In 1955, the town of brookline decided to turn the garden into a nice skating rink an ice skating rink. All of the decoration and landscape infrastructure was scraped out to make room for the ice rink. I go into this in some detail. The town of brookline is working to make amends for that, and there are plans to start early restoration work by restrengthen in the substructure of the garden itself. I think there is a longrange plan to restore the Italian Garden to the splendor that it once was. The fact that this was the andersons first major design and construction project of any kind after their marriage shows how important it was to them. It was truly the touchstone of their life together. Near the end of her life, isabel wrote a poem in which she characterized it as our enchanted garden. Many parts of the state declined after larzs death, but isabel made sure the Italian Garden was maintained as it always has been during their life together. The main features of the garden twouded a central mall, two levels ofere, promenades, many other features it was immense. It was almost 40,000 square feet. And by comparison, a football field is 57,000 square feet. Walking seven times around the walkway of the perimeter comprised a distance of a little over a mile. And you can still get that since when you go there today. Lets go into the garden as though we were visitors on a tour with larz. You would approach the garden through two parallel walkways that want through a dark busway of pine trees. The entry that was flanked by urns,rns two classically greek structures. When platt conceived of the garden, hes conceived of it in a very theatrical way. Almost as if he were facing a curtain, you had no idea what was beyond it. And this is what is left of the herbs. The estate was heavily vandalized after isabels death and before the town started to grapple the fact that they inherited this. Almost everything has been taken away, most of it vandalized and stop. Vandalized and stolen. We will never get those things back. Once you step into the garden, it must have been an exciting experience. It was infused not only with color, but with sound and light. Larz had a bird cages placed on top of decorative and the sound of bird chirps and fountains produced a soundscape integral to the design and aesthetics of the garden. The garden also had electric illumination that allowed the garden to be used at night for special events. The book describes a garden party they hosted. I would love to have been able to go to a party like that. I dont think we entertain like that anymore. Officially there was something to catch the eye at every angle. Whimsical topiaries shaped like large people in forms, decorative pieces of earthenware pottery and carved marble urns and benches. The other grand scheme on the brooklyn escape was the english garden, a portion of the estate that was comprised of four smaller but very distinctive areas of landscape architecture. The pathways you see here around lagoon were garden walks with an everchanging view perspective, including places to stop and rest along the. Way. Using previously unknown drawings and site plans that i discovered at the Frederick Olmsted historic site, along with modern photography and larzs phone accounts of the garden, harry martin was able to reconstruct this large and complex escape complex landscape and provide a fuller picture of the importance of gardening and horticulture to the innocents lifestyle. Andersons lifestyle. Let us take a quick walk. With agoing to start roundabout. The andersons used this place in the sense of a gathering place. Trees thatwo rows of formed a corridor. The andersons used this as part of a theater in the round, where for isabelphysica s musical extravaganzas. Almost two dozen people had to bring their own chairs and mats. This allay led to this little gazebo, which was truly a green room for the actors and actresses, a place where they could change costumes or weight for their cue to come down. Went mucking around in the undergrowth of years ago on a cold winter day and i found the basin. There is an archaeology of Larz Anderson park, and if you know what to look for, you can find specific and remarkable examples of all the things im talking about this evening. Connected to a very long gazebo. Yards. It was about 200 this was based on a structure in seen in the Royal Gardens belgium while larz was at the american embassy. Onnected to a causeway this connected to a causeway. This might seem like this was just a little rich, but this was one of the views and perspectives of the english garden. It was from this perspective that you could see the temp yet up. It was hidden by the rows of trees. It wasnt until you made the trek to the other end of the garden you could actually see this magnificent structure that is still there. Finally there was a wooded trail along here that i speculate in the book was isabels love of New Hampshire woodlands. We were able to reconstruct this from a movie im going to be showing you at the end of this presentation. So lets move up to New Hampshire. By the way, this is not isabels property. I wanted to find a picture that gave a sense of what attracted isabel to New Hampshire. Her rustic country cabin was the counterpoint to the magnificence that larz pursued for them in washington and elsewhere. It was a place where she could get away from the life she and larz led in brookline and washington. She thrived in New Hampshire in a way that was very different from what energized her about life in washington or brookline, and she was energized about her life here as well. Even if isabel could only be in New Hampshire for a few weeks or a month at a time, and usually without larz in tow, it gave her a breathing space of her own. One of the high points and writing the book was actually visiting the cabin itself. It has remained largely as it was during isabels lifetime. I got to walk through the rooms that isabel designed herself to suit her own needs. I got to see the simple decorations that she acquired, often at local auctions and country fairs, and placed in the cabin to suit her own decorating tastes. Today is whatd it may be called a shabby chic style. I got to sit in the wicker chairs that once sat in their house boat. Most of all, i feel very lucky to have experienced the tranquil beauty of the spot that might so much to isabel, the location of which remains undisclosed in the book by agreement with the family. However i do have a treat for you tonight. The family has given me permission to show you the photographs of the interior of the photograph as it was in isabels day, and as it is now. As far as i know, this is the first time that interior views have been shown publicly. s family thank isabel for allowing me to share these with you tonight. Lets first start with the geometry of the structure. It a boxlet for a reason, and it was based on the geometry of boxes. It was based on a simple plan that she conceived with her handyman that built it for her. However the symmetry of the arrangement, a key feature of architecture and design made me think that larz might have made a suggestion or two. Isabel had a very clear idea of what she wanted for her getaway in New Hampshire. Thatll cabin over here could accommodate a few servants and visitors at a time, connected to a private bedroom cabin by a long screened corridor that she called the runway. The bedroom cabin gave isabel a sense of being on her own, even if others were visiting her nearby in the other cabin. The public this is a photograph of the interior in 9049. The public side of the cabin had a living and dining room, two bedrooms, kitchena and pantry, and a small porch like room where the servants took their meals. There are many reminders in this part of the boxlet of isabels personal tastes. Oh, i jumped ahead. Now some of the decorative elements and Anderson House, you know that isabel loved paris and loved parrots and birds in general. A these were porcelain made in copenhagen. Took this as al metaphor for her marriage to larz. It is the opening isabel adopted it as her own. This is a copy of the bowman she printed to of the poem she printed to give out to visitors. She had these printed out for the chief and his bride. Lets move to the bedroom side of the cabin. This was isabels bedroom as it appeared in 1949. I am going to show you some modern photography, but some of the things you see in this photograph are hanging in the same places untouched. The family has really preserved left, whichs isabel i think is pretty remarkable. They have a sense of the cultural and historical importance of the cabins. Here we have isabels fireplace. When she had the fireplace built, she wanted to have two warming ovens put in. Said sher servants liked the idea of having a meal for himself on a cold night. She did not want to go over to the kitchen and deal with anyone. And this is another view of the bedroom. Porch just bigt enough for a rocking chair. If you look out from that porch, there is a beautiful view of the mountain. It is now obstructed by trees, but in isabels time there was a clear view of pills on the other side of the lake hills on the other side of the lake. Isabels cabin side mirrored the public side, consisting of a bathroom, small dressing area, and a screened porch. Here we have a picture of isabel sitting in the runway in 1947. This photograph is here in the library of the sizing of the cincinnati downstairs. One of the last photographs taken of isabel in her lifetime she died the following year. Isabels character and emotional footing thrived, i believe in large measure from the simple ral newle and ru hampshire values, where she spent a lot of time as a child, and the values of her fathers family who still lived there. She had her deepest sense of belonging and connectedness to those that matter to her when she was in New Hampshire a loving family, pristine nature, inspiring quiet, and most of all, a since of control over her own time. She was certainly at home in brookline and washington, but not in the way she was at home in New Hampshire. Larz knew this. He once wrote that isabel so loved the boxlet i am almost jealous. Ifave often asked myself larz and isabel anticipated someone would one day right there biography. Write their biography. I believe they did. Larz left the hind carefully preserved type scripts, the kind of personal account of a life ,hat is a biographers dream bridge and contemporaries the contemporaneously, candidly, and in great detail. Isabel wrote or edited 5 volumes of personal or Family History that are still personal sources when we study the gilded age. Strangely, for all the importance they placed on Family History and their own literary applets, neither larz nor isabel made any provisions in their wills for the preservation of their papers. Clearly they believed that they aborteduced was an historical and literary legacy, that any of papers survived and are available for research is something of a miracle. Existed, iachine would immediately send it to the 1930s and go to brookline to meet larz and isabel. I would love to sit with them in that little den they enjoyed so much, and i probably have a dozen things i would want to ask them about. Larz would probably be serving several of his worldfamous mint juleps. We cant go back in time, but i did my best to bring the life and times of larz and isabel to you in the pages of my book. I hope you will have as much pleasure reading the book as i had writing it. There is something in larz and isabel that you will find familiar and comfortable and enjoy reading about. Put all of the glamour and glitz beside, they had a certain humanity, joys and happiness in each other, and certainly weaknesses and vulnerabilities. But i want you to read most of all about the Simple Pleasures they shared one of the rest of the world wasnt looking. Thank you very much for being here tonight. I will be happy to take question ends and answers. [applause] yes . Lady in the back. The question is, did they have children . No they did not. [indiscernible] mr. Moskey we dont know. There is nothing i uncover that would give any clip. Even if there was, i dont think i would have written about it. I think that is private between a married couple. I dont even speculate about that. That is just the way their life was. Someone in the front . I believe isabel left for brookline how many times did you come back to this house . Mr. Moskey how many times did isabel come back to washington after larz lors died in 1937 . Died in the spring of 1937, he was buried in the Washington National cathedral. Isabel stayed here for several months. As she came to terms with her life and started to make plans for life after larzs passing, she gave the hice to the society of the cincinnati to the she gave the house to the society of the cincinnati. After that she came to washington to visit friends and relatives. Nearhad cousins that lived dupont circle. She stayed with them often. Dear andeer and Close Friends here. We dont have a complete itinerary. She more often went to new york city for theater. She liked to go to movies when they were first opening in new york. Yes . What an ambassador, language is did they speak . Mr. Moskey what languages do they speak beside english . Isabel spoke french and german. She had french and german speaking tutors and governors governesses. Both were caught in her private school in boston. Larz spoke french. 1866. Born in paris in as did many affluent americans of the middle 19th century, his parents had several extended stays in paris. But larz later said in life that he did not have a perfect knowledge of french. The way he described it, it sounded more like kitchen french than one of an educated frenchman. Isabels there is one story that does not appear in the book. They were at a function in asia, and the only common language was german. And so isabel there were japanese that spoke japanese diplomats that spoke german. Interestingly isabel acted as the interpreter for the dinner. Yes . What was behind that . Mr. Moskey the question is why was the mansion torn down in 1955 . When isabel left the estate to the town of brookline, she didnt tell them she was planning on doing that. Almostund out about it literally from the newspaper. Totook them several years decide what to do with it. To did not leave a request Fund Maintenance of the park. There was backandforth. They tried to sell the estate. The Navy Department looked at it as a possible Navy Installation but decided not to. In the early 1950s, Thomas Brookline brought in a firm. They documented the entire estate. By the early 1950s, nothing at changehad changed yet. Those were the drawings used to recreate the garden. Eventually, there was a fire. There was a lot of vandalizing going on. Andelieve it was an arson that is what called the ultimate destruction of the mansion. Over here . Mean up. Will stand behalf of allon here, we want to thank you for the book because it has enhanced our interpretation of the house thanks to your book. The one thing i think you may have to point out is the finances. That went larz died, the money was we learned this from you the money was not there anymore. Isabel was forced to downsize basically. Leaving the house to the city of brookline was not a problem. The reason why she could not leave money was she didnt have any money to leave to them. I learned that vandals tried to burn that place down four times. The city of brookline said they enough. Mr. Moskey when isabel died when larz died, isabel established her legal residence in the state of New Hampshire. Isabel died, her executors filed to probate the estate in New Hampshire. Tax said they had jurisdiction over the state and there was an 18 month arbitration between New Hampshire and massachusetts to decide who had tax jurisdiction. Ultimately, massachusetts prevailed. The thing about this is that the proceedings from that arbitration had been preserved. One of the great sources i had for writing the book was more than 1000 pages of sworn depositions taken by the Arbitration Panel. Isabels friends, family, servants, her lawyer, her Financial Advisor were all deposed. We have a very credible account of the andersons finances. And, one of the things that roger, their lawyer and Financial Advisor, said to the Arbitration Panel was that neither larz or isabel had any idea what their financial situation was. Financial look at estate and give them back, saying he didnt want isabel to be worried. There were years they spent more than they are. I dont make a big deal in the book about isabels wealth or their wealth. But, isabels wealth was in commercial real estate in new york and boston. We dso hao have complete financial records in the 10 years before larzs death. That is the height of the depression. They had annual income that was as much as happened Million Dollars a year. Isabels principle was never touched so they lived off the rental income from the commercial properties. That is what the question is alluding to. In some years, they spent more than the rental income from the properties and had to dip into their principal. When isabel found that out after larzs death, she became very concerned about her future. Her Financial Advisor said she had never seen a checkbook. She was really worried about that aspect of her life as a widow. I think we need to make we have time for one more . Ok. This gentleman over here. Is also from a wealthy family. The question is mr. Moskey larz being from a wealthy family and where that came from. The Anderson Family in cincinnati was a powerful family. They were a family of merchants and lawyers and land speculators, but they were land rich and anpenny poor. Over the years as the land was divided up through inheritance, there were smaller and smaller parcels worth less and less. When you look at the probate papers after larz died, his total estate was worth about 600,000. Was thethat, we assume, house and the contents. It was not broken out in cash or real estate or other tangible s. The definition of personal property is everything. We dont know exactly. His net worth was about 600,000. He owned a small piece of property, one of those things that was possibly passed down from the previous generation do them. He had no wealth that could be tied back to the family in cincinnati. Thank you very much. [applause] we are going to put up the movie of the anderson estate made in 1937 by the fatherinlaw of one of the andersons family. One of the great things about the book is it has brought a lot of people out and put that in contact with me. It is also on my youtube channel. You can find it on my name. You can see it on the internet. Thank you. Thank you so much. If any of you have questions to ask, hell be around for the rest of the evening. You will have your chance. Now, i want to invite you all to a reception. We will open up the doors to the garden. At the back of the room, we have books for sale and skip will sign them for you. Thank you for coming and have a good evening. [applause] you are watching American History tv all weekend, every weekend on cspan3. To join the conversation, like us on facebook. Cspan, where history unfolds daily. Created as aan was Public Service by americas Cable Television companies. It is brought to you today by your cable or satellite provider. Clarence thomas was nominated to the u. S. Supreme court by president george h. W. Bush in 1991. He was confirmed by the senate in a 5248 vote. Next, the white house swearing in ceremony held 25 years ago this month. This is 20 minutes. Ladies and gentlemen, the president of the united states