A number of questions. How the people lived in houses built side by side for at least 500 years of largely without any apparent conflict. Its hard to imagine that the neighbor wasnt 500 meters or a kilometer away, but right next door, exactly. That is extremely socially challenging. Enormous. It allows on the home little is known of how the people of the time organized there lies. What rules were stablished to protect social cohesion, and which familial constellations made use of the buildings. And how since associated with jojo gretzky of the German Archaeological Institute examines the bones found during the excavation to learn more about how the people were related to each other, the ages and the causes of death. Does not the bones are very fragile. And when you brush the dirt away, you can see them very clearly, but as soon as you pick them up, they fall apart and we have to reconstruct them in the laboratory. And therefore unable to obtain the results we can get from well preserved skeletons. Nonetheless, guleski is able to come to some initial conclusions thus, yes i, this is a child skull. Its facing in my direction. Part of it still concealed in the earth under the wall. Unfortunately, there are at least 2 people here, one adult, one child. There might be more children, flight of martino, at the time people were buried under the floors inside the buildings, rather than some distance from the village. As the sticker dozens of why i think our modern burial practices would be as much of a mystery to them as theirs are to us. We try to keep our distance from death. Of course our burial sites are not located in our houses. In fact, we try to establish them outside population centers, so we can stay as far away from death as possible. I mean, it may be, this would have been considered inappropriate back then for the da modeling for it may even be the complete opposite of what they believed that i from the embassy this good afternoon. Ah, jemila was also buried below the floor of a house where she would have remained close to the living. As most a foster they will be up to lay. I was sealed and whitewashed, i to resemble the rest of the floor. One tavar below that was a layer of stone chip safely touch log, and then intentionally shattered sandstone tiles that glitter like a mother of pearl in the sunlight when the broken dan wont come. The quarter below that was the large slant monitors and raising that is very exciting. How is it we lifted it up and when we saw was sand come thought a, we brushing and brushed and brushed the team feared that the grave was empty and was close to re sealing it. And then come the us and then we saw the beats. At 1st we numbered each one individually and then we began numbering groups actual from eventually we were just taking photos and making small sketches before we removed whole bundles. If there were 2500 beads in all and calls the 12500 beat more than had ever been found in one place in this area. Where did they come from . And what was their purpose . In the spring of 2019, the valuable objects are sent to the academy of art and design in stuttgart. Which spec wise is in conserving historical cultural discoveries. Ah, elise pu account is responsible for restoring each individual element of the artifact. While the archaeologist halla ashy is tasked with reconstructing the entire piece by evaluating traces left during the production process and in use, allora, she is able to determine what purpose certain beads served. Ah, the barger treasure is kept safely in a Small Back Room on the 3rd floor. Alleys workout knows, every inch of it in incredible detail. As far so as initially when the objectives were connected in bags and it was impossible to determine what condition the individual beads were in that as im one of course the archaeologists expressed their wish that we would produce an exhibition piece. But we had to evaluate everything 1st before time whether this would be possible, depending on the condition of the beats and how many could actually be exhibited. And austin, 1000 bmw at least poor cut examines every single one of the 2500. 00 beats, checking the deposits on the surface and carefully removing them under the microscope. Using a variety of methods boycott attempts to restore each valuable bead to as close to its original state as possible. She then use a synthetic resins to conserve the beat and prepare them for the process of reconstructing the entire pace. This treatment can be reversed if future generations of scientists have access to new technical processes and wish to re examined the original beats incredibly, the restoration. Thats our eventually able to pass around 80 percent of the 9000 year old be john to holler at ashi. First of all, we try to understand the position of all this beats without saying that this is a nicholas or this is a belt or didnt we just try to understand the relation of the beats with the bombs until he so during todays commission that just beats wherefore, some traded on the neck of a child. After considering the archaeological data, we started to concentrator exclusively on the beats and to try to understand that initial position. One discovery in particular, proves useful in reconstructing the ancient jewelry. One of the 1st things that we found during the desk evasion was there inc, as it was completely in a vertical position. So we started by excavating the edge of their inc. Witcher, which was very, very fragile. And we had to go down very, very carefully. After i think, 3 days we finally got the entire ring, but it was fragmented, of course. And during this conversation, we found that we still have small beats stuck to these before asians. And so we know we knew her since the beginning that there ink had a very Important Role in this necklace. The mother of pearl ringing is the centerpiece of the necklace and ties it altogether. The ring itself is produced from a single large shell. Ah in order to gain a deeper understanding of the methods and abilities of the people at the time, the akio technician, voice pain attempts to create an accurate replica of the original. This may not be a rigorously scientific experiment, but it provides some indication of what tools and techniques we used 9000 years ago. That is from him. From the moment i heard about the barger be necklace, i hope to recreate it using original stone age tools or enlargement. Certain settlers and i had to find a large shelves of a sudden the ominous that at the outline of the ring is edged on to the shell using a beerin made by splitting a sanction of a piece of flint, with a single well aimed blogs in it. Yet if she could have killed that worked, the edge here is what we will work with. The other cut to metabolic layer motion, at least this metal was probably used to car the entire ring out of the shell. But you have to be very careful when drilling you have to turn on to be and exert very little pressure. Otherwise the drill bit all the shell my break, the shell may have been somewhat exotic, but the people of bars are most likely found the Raw Materials for the sandstone beads on their doorstep vanished what they were probably produce using the same method to be seen elsewhere ive tried it several times. It takes a lot of patience and care every 5th beat or so brace, which is a clench, try these small stones, a ground smooth with the edges of the stones of sand down to produce the necessary curves. The next step is particularly risky. Voice haine carefully uses a flint bit to drill a tiny hole through the beat. So if this is lost now the whole is completed color, we could sundown each be individually, but there is also another possibility. We can place several beats all stake im stuck stricken when brittany is the guy down, run the entire row over the slide together. Mikayla, none of those are strength letter. Which sorry, ah, literally double in struck him by turning the stick back and forth. I could ensure that all the beads and up the same size is quite a fast process. The corners and edges are already gone. If i continue doing this for half an hour or an hour than the beach will all look fairly similar, the deterrent, alameda vinegar, the beats were unbelievably small. An intricate, the people must have been very skilled, and ive had sensitive hands in order to produce something. So fragile. Ah, the necklace is proof of the exceptional workmanship and the aesthetic sensibilities the early sedentary humans were capable of. And in no way conforms to familiar cliches about primitive stone age, people are inspired by the nicholas, the teen named the girl in the grave. Shamella, the beautiful blue imagine that this importance of this child that they took this whole, oh masterpiece and put it, hide it in the earth or after all this work. So yes, it said now it has a lot of dimensions that we are only starting to understand. Every element of the necklace has several stories to tell about the Raw Materials, the production techniques, its place within the greater whole. And about the dead girl herself, ah tamela that in so fennel league is jemila has made his change by changing accepted preconceptions of the neolithic age. Youngster. The new stone age is often depicted as crude and simple. But the jewelry and the construction of the gray suggest that people had special skill sets and that there was a far ranging trade network or key city senior quinn. The necklace is turquoise stone. This came from sinai while the shells were from the red sea. And the way it was threaded, id suggest it was something very special. Ill skin that this alice kansas on that as far the discovery of other delicate pieces of jewelry, including fragile pendants and apparently mass produced rings made of red sandstone, reveals that the people of the age devoted a lot of time to producing hand crafted luxury goods. The artifacts uncovered by the archaeologists confirmed that they were made in almost every single house to the limitations on struggling infant bond shaw. So the renowned barger sandstone rings were made from coast disks that were more or less round. They were then hollowed out by scraping a deep grooves in which eventually allowed the centerpiece to be removed. Heil done her last name. These the experimental archeologists reveals the next steps in the production process not in little through and after the center is removed and there are 2 ways of working on the red feed. We can either use our b or into achieved the shape will want or we send it down into the right size and nicholas. Her license lies sound, a sounding and grind in it would have been older boy to any one approaching a near lived settlement for a long way away. The fragile sandstone rings remain something of a mystery. Me of is nice and we dont know quite what they were useful. We assuming that quantity played an Important Role. The more rings one had the more prestigious one was he shot. My theory is that they were used as coupons for trade him. That objects could be exchanged for Certain Services or favors of india. Such objects may also have included shells or ring. And there was symbols of appreciation and help to increase social cohesion. Yeah. Interestingly, there was also a type of forgery at the time. Similar rings with the same distinctive red color. Well sir, produced using mall in nearby basta. It was much easier and faster to work with mildly than with sandstone. And the rings were then simply dyed red. These rings were produced in areas where there was no sandstone. Wooden forgeries have been a part of life ever since humans learned to make things sad. The menstrual duty of motto, gallop, and copy. For the demand for certain goods and far ranging trade networks came at a cost. Ah, the villages existence increasingly depended on access to Raw Materials and market forces. The exotic materials used to produce tremulous necklace are just one example of the significance of valuable objects. Objects which had to be paid for somehow a further challenge was maintaining a Peaceful Society in such a small space. As yet no indications of any form of hierarchical structure have been found. Ah, madame modern study, everybody else that once a group consists of a 150 people or more, it becomes very difficult to maintain control and ensure that disagreement stand escalate. Megan aiden. Does that conflict management is essential watchman . Up to 500. 00 people lived. In barger, a large settlement by the standards of the time social conflicts could have led to a rapid breakdown of the community. This is just one of the possible factors that may have caused the inhabitants of barter to abandon the settlement for ever. Around 6900 b, c. Up these and big long. It is difficult to say whether this development was a result of collapse or simply change aga and perhaps a greater differentiation set in among the later settlers before one season began to move about and returned to the nomadic lifestyle. While others settled in smaller villages incline on and off on perhaps this was a better model fiarty, but that was both more sustainable and more socially compatible. For practicum, much of barsha has been preserved as a result of the settlements remote location, jemila grave and her necklace are the most significant artifacts found at the excavation site to date. And well now we put on display in the new petro museum. Ah, the countries entire history is on display here. With barsha, appearing almost at the very beginning, barger also marked the beginning of development, which changed human lives far more than industrialization did in the 19th century or digitalization is today. Cultures came and went settlements, rose and fell. People moved on, but humans never returned to their former hunter gatherer existence. These Ground Breaking developments are preserved as a meal as burial sites. Hussein l sabbah is therefore determined to ensure that the grave is reconstructed as accurately as possible. My part is to rebuild the system of the grave in the museum. And this is what i am doing right now. And i think it looks good. What do you think . In another room, in the museum, Andrea Fisher alleys, poor, cut, and ha ashy, are similarly excited to see their work finally come to fruition. Sole after world. No events in the necklace was broken down to its Component Parts for the journey from germany to jordan, to ensure that the ancient piece of jewelry arrived unscathed. The strings of beads are now re attached to form the necklace that 9000 years earlier, grieving parents had placed around the neck of their deceased daughter. Hello laura. She has produced a sketch to use as a guide. The concepts they really thought before composing this necklace. It was studied and not only in terms of beads, it was also measured and conceptualized in terms of strength and chords. And this means that the other people were also involved not only beat makers, but also probably people who, where specialized in making chords or making strength certain tasks were most likely performed by specialists. An early example of division of labor. How the inhabitants of badger sauce, the Raw Materials remains a mystery. If you want to have exotic materials, its better that youll be in a very or well situated village, where you can work your network and relationships. And in order to get her nice, a good quality for mateus, and it is strange that they are almost hidden between the mountains. So this is weird when you see their environment. When you see the village, when you see the location, despite the remote nature of the village, barges inhabitants had close ties to their surroundings. It is impossible to say just how extensive this network was. But the people were certainly part of the wider world. While the experts in the museum are hard at work rebuilding jemila necklace, excavations continue on the plateau. Marianna bent discovers a slab from a grave. Is history repeating itself . Once again, a burial site is found just as excavations draw to a close. But hans keel car gabriel has his doubts. Its not him after clearing the entire area, i now have a different idea. Its possible that the slab is simply lying on the floor, that there isnt actually a grave at all. But im not sure. The plaster and the lay of ash would suggest that it is a grave, but i cant be 100 percent. Sure. On it is only i would brush away some more of the dirt and then use the scrape or to uncover moles bottle goods, much as you know may be lifted slightly on cobra and then check if there is anything underneath or not. Theres a 90 percent chance of it being a grave with lots of bones. So youre very optimistic it sounds different here than it does here. Can you hear it does come and i national the might just be a hole in one place. Thats true. Really. Im under it now leaked from the its lou snap on tool. Its on pull it out horizontally as we dont know where the frank jer is. Its not islam. Now its more damage than before. Was it . What careful plea he. Oh dear, its of puzzle pieces. Now i did, one of us resumed fortunately we have so restore as long as thorn the buck i know precisely the slab has been removed and the tension mouse there are some larger stones here. Once again, molly on has to work quickly as the excavation is about to finish for the year. Evening falls and work stops for the day. Bozza has a welcoming mystical atmosphere despite its remote location. And the hard work of the excavations, the Archaeological Team has been rewarded for to years of perseverance. With the discovery of jemila and her necklace. At the petro museum, hollered us, she, Andrea Fisher and elise boycott are also about to be rewarded. Jemila nicholas has been completed and its ready to be exhibited. Finally, we finally found the appropriate place for it. Yeah. Okay. Yeah. So im, yeah, thats how it should be. It looks good. Ah, we have, its here. Its not only on paper, so we have its really in the museum, so its really great. Ah. On the barge a plateau. The last day of excavation has begun to you. I removed the layer of plaster, but theres nothing but sand underneath and todd with it. Thats a shame, i thought that be more nothing has been found below the stone slab, but jojo guleski has discovered and laid bare a child sco in another room. A 2nd sco remain stuck in the earth. Despite the time pressure, gretzky hopes she can extract it in one piece. Ah, pollyanna, carry on hands gala. Look what i found yourself when was, what is it . Yes. The child scowl was here, and he is the cervical spine. And the ribs in situ, the upper arm is precisely where it should be. And theres a beautiful necklace around the neck. A bead necklace. Palinkas. As of yeah, yeah. With long beads and a beautiful red and green stone greenish time with your fantastic. Huh. And that the last possible moment cedar halla has to see this. The situation is reminiscent of 2018 back then halla, she had to stop what she was doing in order to retrieve shameless sensational necklace. Now in 2021, the same thing happens again. Jojo caskey who discovered the grave, has to catch a flight. And hal allora she assumed responsibility for retrieving the jewelry. It is as though the ancient graves of badger are telling the team. Make sure you come back. There is still much to discover. Ah, hello laura, she has collected the beads and numbered them. She will remain in obey the 4th time in order to examine the artifact piece by piece. What will this discovery reveal about human existence . 9000 years ago . In recent decades, barza has provided a wealth of information that has changed, accepted wisdom, about the people of the neolithic age. Our distant ancestors were able to spend time engaged in creative aesthetic and decorative pursuits because of an abundance of food. Basha has fundamentally altered our understanding of the past yet so much about the ancient settlement still remains a mystery for now. A a city full of surprises group i thought yes. What to tell in the middle of the german state of . No, its my west valia. With plenty of major history. You can even touch and play those to enjoy it. Oh, so many cool places to discover chicken. B in 30 minutes on w a. Do you like it with . Do you want it . Okay, then buckle up, put the pedal to the metal and lets ride in. Read 90 minutes on d w. Oh. Weve got some hot tips for your bucket list. No magic corner check hot spot for food. And some great cultural memorials to boot d w. Travel off we go ah ah, ah, the says these are the news live from berlin, black house across ukraine, russia escalades attacks on ukraines energy infrastructure. And russian strikes have knocked out around 40 percent of the countrys power stations. Millions of households are now without electricity plus the tiniest communist party rubber stamps. President g