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Currently do not get paid parental leave when they give birth or adopt a child that benefit is still relatively uncommon even in the private sector fewer than one in 5 American workers get paid parental or family leave benefits but more companies in states are expanding their policies now 2000000 federal workers are on the verge of getting up to 12 weeks of paid parental leave work or advocates say they hope to eventually see lawmakers extend such federal policies to include all workers as well as to cover leave for sick and elderly care Yuki Noguchi n.p.r. News Washington stocks move higher on Wall Street the Dow Jones Industrial Average gained 29 points to close 827911 the Nasdaq rose 37 points this is n.p.r. . Amid ongoing protests over plans by the French government to change its pension system the country's prime minister now says the full retirement age will be increased for the country's youngest citizens but offered concessions to try to calm the mounting public furor over the plan prime minister Edouard Felipe also said the proposed changes to the plan would be applied gradually all French retirees receive a state pension with the average this year at around $1500.00 a month once taxes are taken out over there are $42.00 different French pension systems the European Commission is launching a plan to make Europe carbon neutral within 30 years from Brussels Teri Schultz reports the green deal will cost more than $100000000000.00 But advocates say in the end it will pay for itself it will be the policy centerpiece of newly installed European Commission president are still Evangeline who calls it Europe's man on the moon moment with her package of laws investments and incentives she insists by 2050 Europe will take as much carbon out of the atmosphere as it puts in the underlay and has to bring on board citizens business politicians and lawmakers including those in the European Parliament she pitched today it is high time that it is not too late with this roadmap for action we make the cost of the transition fully sustainable underlines plan will be debated by national leaders at a summit kicking off tomorrow the Czech Republic Hungary and Poland are not yet on board for n.p.r. News I'm Terry Saltz in Brussels crude oil futures prices fell amid an uptick in u.s. Gas supplies or oil ending the session down $0.48 a barrel to close at $5876.00 a barrel in New York I'm Jack Speer n.p.r. News in Washington support for n.p.r. Comes from n.p.r. Stations and other contributors include American Jewish World Service working together for more than 30 years to build a more just and equitable world learn more at a.j. Ws dot org and the listeners who support this n.p.r. Station. Support for Jefferson Public Radio comes from our listeners and from patent and trademark attorney Jerry Haynes Jerry Haynes law assists businesses and individuals to protect and commercialise their innovations by securing patents trademarks and other intellectual property rights jury hands can be reached at Jerry Haynes Law dot com. If you'd like to learn more about Jefferson Public Radio visit us online at w w w i j p r o r g. P r News I'm Ari Shapiro And I'm Audie Cornish Tonight the House Judiciary Committee is debating 2 articles of impeachment against President Donald Trump Republicans have been unified in opposition against the impeachment process among Democrats they were just 2 lawmakers who declined to support the start of the impeachment inquiry N.P.R.'s to Mack joins us now to talk about how House Democrats are feeling as it prepares for this historic vote hey there Tim Hey there. Looking ahead to next week's planned vote on articles of impeachment are House Democrats unified Well Democrats are appearing to generally fall in line we don't hear many objections from within the party to proceeding forward with votes on articles of impeachment and in contrast to many other issues we don't see a lot of lawmakers lobbying each other on this expected vote because it's such a rare and historic event the party leadership even says that it will not be whipping this vote lawmakers will have to make up their own minds about whether the president's conduct is impeachable and there was a lot of political chatter heading into this process about the Democratic majority the fact that it's built on winning swing districts how are Democratic lawmakers from those states that are tightly contested areas reacting well Congressman Tom Allen asking for example in a battleground district in New Jersey he supports impeachment and he says that Democrats will remain mostly unified on this not all of them have come out publicly . And I think many of them would prefer to announce any decision in their districts not every New Jersey Democrat is on board however Congressman Jeff Andrew was one of just 2 Democrats who did not support the launch of the impeachment inquiry he prefers a step short of impeachment This is a. Impeachment people are trying to say so what I think legislators are trying to say we don't like some of the things that you've done here well so he doesn't think that the evidence exists evidence exonerates the president he would just prefer that the House censure the president which would be a formal rebuke but there's no indication that House leadership is considering that step right now in the meantime there is some action before the House Judiciary Committee tonight what's going on and where are we in the process so the House Judiciary Committee has just begun considering these 2 articles of impeachment lawmakers are giving their view on how this process should proceed. Need a chairman Jeremy did chairman Jerry Nadler explained why he supported impeachment we have each taken an oath to support and defend the Constitution against all enemies foreign and domestic I hope to be remembered for honoring that oath I hope you feel the same so with a heavy heart but clear in my duty to our country I support these articles of impeachment Republican ranking member Doug Collins countered that the impeachment process has been deeply flawed partisan and illegitimate the big law they were hearing perpetrated not is one the end justifies the means the law is that the sham impeachment is Ok because the threat is so real and so urgent and so imminent the big lies that political expediency is honorable and justifiably history has shown that to be untrue and dangerous so they'll consider the articles of tonight and then start back up Thursday morning with an eye on voting on these articles by the end of the day then we expect they'll consider articles of impeachment in the whole House of Representatives later next week N.P.R.'s to mak Thanks for the update thanks a lot. Senators question the Justice Department inspector general for hours today about the F.B.I.'s investigation of the 2016 Trump campaign and its possible connections to Russia Michael Horowitz stuck to the findings in his $400.00 plus page report he said the f.b.i. Had sufficient grounds to launch its probe but stumbled through error after error and surveilling a former Trump aide no one involved in the investigation he said was vindicated Let's go now to a senator who question Horowitz Democrat Chris Coons of Delaware Welcome to the program Thanks Audie can you say with confidence that the f.b.i. Did not lead political bias creep into its probe what was important I think about the i.g. Report today and his testimony from the Judiciary Committee was that he debunked the conspiracy theories that have long been pushed by President Trump as attorney general and his supporters that the whole Moller investigation was an unwarranted unjustified hoax that it was a witch hunt inspector general Horwitz stood by his reports core findings that Russia was engaged in an unprecedented attack on our election and the f.b.i. Was without bias and properly and well founded in launching an investigation into possible ties between the charm campaign and Russian interference at the same time he this is the cream of the crop at the f.b.i. Right and yet they made 17 errors on this extremely sensitive investigation is that cause for alarm Well we shouldn't minimize the errors in the face application that were detailed by Inspector General Horwitz and I commend the f.b.i. Director Chris Ray for acting promptly to implement the recommendations but it's important to put these errors in context Carter Page who was the subject of that fight application wasn't indicted in the rust in Russia investigation he was the only campaign official targeted with a Pfizer warrant and in the end of the investigate. President Trump's campaign manager his national security advisor and his personal attorney were all either convicted or pled guilty and nothing in this report about those irregularities with regards to the FISA warrant disturbs those convictions or the total of 37 indictments and convictions that were the outcome of the report what's your response to say Senator Lindsey Graham raising this idea that look if you have an f.b.i. Who is this cavalier about secret courts and civil liberties that this is something the average citizen should be worried about as well who as I said in my questioning of the inspector general we shouldn't overlook these irregularities and we should be making a good faith bipartisan effort reexamining the Pfizer warrant process if that had been the real focus of this hearing today and we would have spent most of our time talking about the recommendations that the i.g. Made in his report for how to improve that FISA process the vast majority of today's hearing in my view was mostly political theater it was reciting at great length a few exchanges between 2 particular f.b.i. Related investigators the inspector general found that there were messages or text exchange that were pro Trump and that were to trump but that none of that influenced the launching of this investigation into the term campaign or its ultimate conclusions on that point the report found that according to the F.B.I.'s own rules the agency did have adequate basis to start its investigation at the same time we heard people raising issues today about whether the rules should be different or more stringent I mean should there be a higher bar for such a sensitive investigation I think there should be and the inspector general laid out a number of suggestions for how the internal review and approval process for an investigation of this extremely high sensitivity should be carried out so it's my hope that those of us who are concerned about holding federal law enforcement accountable but also supporting it. The men and women of the f.b.i. Will work together to make sure that those recommendations that have by the way been welcomed by f.b.i. Director Ray will be thoroughly implemented the attorney general has of course ordered a separate broader report into the investigation this one by u.s. Attorney John Durham he's already said he doesn't agree with some of the Inspector General's conclusions so do you think his report will I don't know carry more weight I frankly think it will carry less weight because the inspector general who's now served for many years across several administrations is someone who has been praised for his independence his professionalism his effectiveness previously by the attorney general himself and I think you can't have a more thorough investigation they interviewed more than 100 witnesses they had 170 interviews they reviewed a 1000000 pages of documents this was a thorough and searching investigation I'd conclude that the attorney general just dislikes the conclusion that the inspector general reached and is trying to craft an investigation to reach a different result Chris Coons is a Democratic senator from Delaware he sits on the Judiciary Committee thank you for your time thank you Audie. In a cave in Indonesia archaeologists have uncovered an ancient painting of a hunting party and as N.P.R.'s Mary Kennedy reports it is one of several discoveries in the area that are challenging what we thought we knew about the origins of our Until recently the long held story was that humans started painting in caves in Europe but several years ago a group of scientists started dating cave paintings in Indonesia and found that they are thousands of years older than I or like you go with a very very surprising discovery Adam Brumm is an archaeologist at Australia's Griffith University and his team analyzed the mineral deposits that formed over the works to figure out their age they include tracings of human hand and an image of a cow and since that big reveal the team has been searching for more art in these caves on the island of. In 2017 they found something breathtaking when you look up on the quay wall you see all of these red by test showed that this is our species oldest known figurative art it's a staggering 44000 years old and it tells a complicated story the work stretches across a cave wall for 16 feet and shows Hunter surrounding buffaloes and pigs and the hunters in the story don't exactly look human that you appear to be human but I think they have some speeches or characteristics about animals Brum things the part human part animal figures show not only artistic ability of these ancient people but suggests that they could imagine things that they haven't actually seen. What capable of the sort of conceptualize valuation that we need in order to to to believe in religion you know to believe in the. Natural He says the paintings in Indonesia which the team described in the journal Nature have complicated what we know about how figurative art began in the overall theme here really is that you know we've new fastly underestimated the capacity of our ancestors Genevieve on pets. Singer is a paleoanthropologist at the University of Victoria in Canada she suspects that the oldest Cape paintings came from a time before our ancestors branched out to Europe and Asia Personally I think. Our ancestors already knew how to do or before they left Africa so the story of Art's beginnings may see yet another big revision Kennedy n.p.r. News. You're listening to All Things Considered from n.p.r. News. I'm Ilya Forester I hope you'll join us for the next concert from the Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center an old French program featuring music of Ravel and Deb you see a String Quartet played by the Danish string quartet join us for the next broadcast from the Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center the Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center Saturday afternoon at 3 here on j p r. Thanks for joining us for all things considered I'm Colleen Pyke Saudi Arabia has begun selling shares and it's a giant state owned oil company a ram Co I would consider this a political success for the monarchy but not a financial success even so this is the biggest initial public offering ever details just ahead in our weather forecast in the southern Oregon Cascades insist use rain tonight and tomorrow overnight lows around 36 highs tomorrow around 41 in y. Rica overnight rain temperatures around 45 tomorrow rain as well high sneer 53 weed in Mt Shasta rain tonight lows around 39 tomorrow also rain highs near 45 reading and Red Bluff showers overnight lows around 49 tomorrow also showers highs near 59 in the Klamath Basin tonight rainbows around 38 tomorrow also rain high sneer 45 the southern Oregon coast rain tonight and tomorrow lows overnight around 49 tomorrow's highs near 50 for the Northern California coast tonight expect rain lows around 53 also rain tomorrow highest near 56 in Roseburg temperatures overnight around 50 rain tonight and tomorrow highs tomorrow around 52 Grants Pass Medford in Ashland rain tonight lows around 44 rain tomorrow and highest near 54 this is Jay p.r. . Are comes from this station and from Fidelity Investments taking a personalized approach to helping clients grow preserve and manage their wealth learn more at fidelity dot com slash wealth fidelity brokerage services l.l.c. From the John d. And Catherine team MacArthur Foundation recognizing exceptionally creative individuals this year's MacArthur Fellows and more information are at mac found dot org And from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation at our w j f dot org. This is All Things Considered from n.p.r. News I'm Ari Shapiro And I'm Audie Cornish wildfires in California have been incredibly costly not just for homeowners but for insurance companies responsible for helping them recover that's led a number of insurance companies to cancel people's policies but as of late last week the state insurance commissioner has declared they can't do that anymore in areas hit hard by fires at least for the next year we're joined now by California Insurance Commissioner Ricardo Lara Welcome to the program thank you it's great to be on before we get to the business end of this can you talk about homeowners who have had their policies canceled but it's become apparent now that insurance is becoming less and less available for so many Californians do not open and we've heard from a 1st time home buyer and his wife have been counseled for assurance 3 of the 4 years even though they are in one of the most urban areas in our state and 2 minutes from one local firefighter in Jackson California for example in your Sacramento we met with the realtor who was helping her client a single mom foreclose on a home until they got the insurance quote of close to $4000.00 a year 4 times where she expected it pushed the buyer over the lending guidelines and she lost her home and this is happening to the entire state so now you decide to put this one year ban on cancellation of policies how does it work the governor in October declared several of these fires kind of traffic emergencies which gives us an opportunity to go over to the legislature and ask for real long lasting solutions that are going to be critical as we move forward to trying to address the ongoing wildfire situation that we continue find ourselves every year and then give people an opportunity to better plan and make decisions for themselves and their families it sounds like you have the homeowners in mind in terms of giving them time the flip side of this the insurers when you talk about catastrophic they've taken a pretty big hit. As reading in The Times that the wildfires in 2702018 alone wiped out a full quarter century of the industry's profits are you concerned that they're going to raise their rates to make up for this in the time that I've been we've already had close to $100.00 rate findings from insurance companies where are actuaries are looking at their loss history and taking into account their entire portfolios so you expect yes it sounds like you're saying they've already been doing it yeah and we have been good partners with them and trying to say look this rate is justified but we also know and I'm pushing back saying that rate increases are not going to be the sole solution what have insurance companies actually said to you though following this announcement what kind of phone calls are you getting this is no surprise to them and that doesn't mean they're happy about it right so what have they been saying they're saying look we also want to get together with you and work on long term solutions we've been hearing a lot about the intensity of fires being a consequence of global warming and how insurers have struggled to anticipate an estimate cost as a result what does that mean for people who do your job well you know this is a tremendous challenge for us no longer can you rely on historic information of a certain area to be able to determine what that risk is going to be because climate change is essentially a pending everything and the best thing for us is creating state wide mitigation standards for communities so that they know exactly what they need to do to protect their homes and protect their communities so that we can at least at the minimum come up with some minimum standards statewide that say Ok these are the things that need to happen so that we keep insurance in here and that we lessen the risk for given community right now what currently exists is just a hodgepodge of different programs that even if you as a homeowner still abide by all these do all the recommended modifications you're still going to. Dropped So we're not you know we think it's a sensible way forward we're not mandating that they cover everyone but that if you've done everything possible that you're going to be able to obtain coverage in a way that's reason one affordable which also in terms in terms gives people incentive to do what is right to protect their property and protect the communities commissioner Lara thank you so much for speaking with us thank you so much that Ricardo Lara California insurance commissioner. If you love sweets this next bit of news may sound scary the country's stockpile of sugar is shrinking all because of a bad sugar beet harvest Now this is a problem that the government can solve it's ready to open the doors to more imported sugar than the u.s. Has seen in nearly 40 years N.P.R.'s Dan Charles has the story for Dan young Grant who grows sugar beets in northwest Minnesota 2019 was a year of plagues 1st came the water had inches all the way up to almost 20 inches of rain the fields were so wet farmers couldn't work in them after that came the snowstorm that in barreling up the west coast and it was followed by a blast of cold everything froze farmers in his area had to abandon more than 100000 acres of beets and young Graham is now playing counselor to younger farmers telling them not to lose hope or blame themselves you did nothing wrong and you put the seed in the ground and you Machard it and somebody else decided that you're not going to be able to harvest it the effects are now rippling through the food industry last month the 2 big sugar producers announced they will be able to deliver all the sugar they've promised to candy makers and bakers including Tippens in Kansas City which makes gourmet pies Mark Boyer's the company's president our director procurement called and said hey wanted to let you know we got a force measure on a shudder force majeure is a legal term that companies use to explain that they can't honor a contract because of circumstances beyond their control. So tip and you have to find that sugar somewhere else why are those sounds pretty calm about it and we're not freaking out about that just yet because he knows there is a solution there's plenty of sugar out there it's outside the United States in places like Brazil and Mexico the u.s. Government just has to let him buy it because sugar is different from most other foods for almost half a century now the u.s. Government's been managing the sugar supply varying the amount of foreign sugar that it lets into the country it blocks the rest with high tariffs it does this to keep sugar prices here relatively high and stable which helps keep America's sugar farmers in business next year the government will have to open the spigot and let more sugar into the u.s. a Lot more economists that the u.s. Department of Agriculture say meeting the demand will take close to 4000000 tons of imported sugar mostly from Mexico the u.s. Has not imported so much sugar since 1981 back when Americans consumed more sugar and less high fructose corn syrup Frank chickens the president of j s g commodities says this switch to imported sugar will be complicated what we're trying to replace is resigned beach ever and all in the middle of the country Minnesota North Dakota Colorado Montana those states is where we lost all the production the sugar that's replacing it is raw product from sugarcane it will have to be processed in refineries along the coast in Savannah Georgia and Baltimore and New York those factories are not used to handling so much sugar so they can refining industry in the United States is going to have to increase our capacity dramatically in the in the course of the coming year certainly time historically unprecedented levels the have to run those factories all out continuously and hope they don't break and then they'll have to line up trucks to carry the sugar across the country food companies already are paying more for it and says But there will be sugar to buy Dan Charles n.p.r. News. This is n.p.r. News. Nancy Pelosi plan to lower the cost of prescription drugs is getting a vote but even if it passes in the House the Senate is expected to squash it could it still be a win for Democrats ahead of the 2020 elections they can point to this and say look while it didn't get passed we absolutely have proposed one of the most meaningful in ambitious and aggressive attempts to reduce drug the recent history on the next Morning Edition from n.p.r. News. Support for j.p. Comes from our listeners and from the retina and vitreous Center of Southern Oregon Dr William Rodan Dr Christine Gonzales and Dr John Hiatt announced their expansion into North Medford now providing 3 locations to better serve their patients in Ashland Grants Pass and now North Medford retina and vitreous center provides comprehensive retinal care featuring state of the art diagnostics and treatments including lasers and injections for patients with a range of retinal conditions appointments at 541-488-3192. It's All Things Considered from n.p.r. News I'm Ari Shapiro And I'm Audie Cornish a Clint Eastwood movie is the latest is an old Hollywood trope of the female journalist who sleeps with the source to get a story now a newspaper is fighting back the print the truth about her making a movie that's about trying to set the record straight make sure you've got the record straight 1st this news. Live from n.p.r. News in Culver City California I'm to Wayne Brown the Senate Judiciary Committee questioned the internal watchdog for the Department of Justice today about errors and omissions and how the f.b.i. Obtain warrants to eavesdrop on a trunk campaign aide Michael Horowitz told senators that top f.b.i. Officials showed no political bias when they opened their investigation into the 2016 Trump campaign ranking Democrat California as Dianne Feinstein says this refutes Trump's claims that the Russia probe was an illegal which this was not a politically motivated investigation there is no deep state simply put the f.b.i. Investigation was motivated by facts not bias they report did find the f.b.i. Made numerous mistakes in its applications for the surveillance warrants here is Committee Chair Lindsey Graham what happened here is not a few irregularities what happened here is the system failed people at the highest level of our government took the law in their own hands. President Trump signed an executive order today directed at combat in anti-Semitism on college campuses as N.P.R.'s Frank O'Dorney has reports it's drawing a mix of praise and scrutiny the president signed the order during a White House reception for Hanukkah he says it makes clear that the Civil Rights Act will apply to institutions that quote traffic in anti-Semitic hate This is our message to universities if you want to accept the tremendous amount of federal dollars that you get every year you must reject anti semitism and. Supporters call it a game changer the critics fear it could have a chilling effect on free speech and turn the issue of anti-Semitism into a partisan political weapon Franco or down Yaz n.p.r. News the White House stocks finished lightly higher on Wall Street today you're listening to n.p.r. News. Hundreds of journalists at The Chicago Tribune and its sister papers have pleaded with their corporate bosses to sell their properties to civic minded owners and to put a greater emphasis on journalism as N.P.R.'s David Folkenflik reports a hedge fund recently acquired a minority stake in the company the hedge fund is called Alton global capital it owns dozens of papers throughout the u.s. And is known for instituting waves of severe cuts all global capital also recently took a 32 percent stake in Tribune publishing the parent of the Chicago Tribune Baltimore Sun Hartford Current and other notable regional papers the petition signed by more than $400.00 journalists at those publications asked the board to consider any offers to sell its papers to local civic minded groups it also asked for an annual audit of the company's commitment to its journalism a tribune spokesman had no comment other than to note Alton is prevented from buying a larger share of the company until June David Folkenflik n.p.r. News they government says higher energy costs pushed overall consumer prices up in November the Labor Department says energy prices rose 8 tenths of a percent led by an uptick at the gas pump overall consumer prices rose more than 2 percent compared to a year ago but the agency says inflation remains in line with the Fed's target of 2 percent a year today the Federal Reserve held steady on interest rates following 3 hikes earlier this year. Stocks finished lightly higher on Wall Street the Dow gained 110th of a percent. You're listening to n.p.r. News. Support for j p r comes from our listeners and from inner g. Trust of Oregon energy trust of Oregon helping you protect our state's natural beauty by saving energy at home more about energy efficient home upgrades at Energy Trust dot org slash savings. As a community service of southern Oregon University Southern Oregon University is dedicated to feeding the intellectual curiosity and human potential of every student creating a life time of economic opportunity and rewarding careers learn more. From this station and from little passports their new science junior subscription for kids aims to inspire curiosity designed to bring projects to life while utilizing new science concepts more a little passports dot com and from Capital One offering a variety of credit card options with features for a range of customers from foodies to travelers Capital One what's in your wallet credit approval required capital one bank USA and a. It's All Things Considered from n.p.r. News I'm Audie Cornish and I'm Ari Shapiro Congress has been a split screen this week with partisan fighting over impeachment and partisan cooperation on a trade deal with the u.s. Canada and Mexico it's expected to pass the House before the end of the year and go to the Senate after the holidays Senator Rob Portman Republican of Ohio supports the deal he served as u.s. Trade representative under President George w. Bush and he joins us now welcome back to All Things Considered are good effect on a few House Speaker Nancy Pelosi tweeted yesterday that Democrats achieved something that is quote infinitely better for American workers than what the trumpet ministration had originally proposed what is your view of the additions that Democrats insisted on do you think you ministration gave away too much to get Democrats and labor support. No I don't because it's the same basic agreement really for a year we've been talking about one primary issue and that is how to make sure that labor standards that are in the new agreement aren't forcible and at the end of the day we came up with a compromise should I think make sense which allows the United States to have a better way to approach the violations in Mexico through an arbitration process which ultimately I think will affect Mexico only not so much us and not so much Canada and I think it's fine and it also gives us an opportunity to ensure a level in leveling the playing playing field a little bit more because it in Mexico we often think of trade agreements as knocking down trade barriers and this does a little of that like opening up a little of the Canadian dairy market but most of the changes from NAFTA are to put up protections for American workers like requiring that a certain amount of content be built in an American plant do you think it's still accurate to call this a free trade agreement Absolutely because it is in a trade opening agreement and the labor part of it is one thing we just talked about but also with regard to this the $62.00 and a half percent versus the 75 percent content coming from countries you know within the agreement I think that makes sense and I don't think it is Lee. In 2 more protectionism I think in fact what it says is if you're going to have a free trade agreement with the United States you know you will get certain benefits because they'll be lower tariffs on both sides so as an example if you're making a vehicle in in Mexico or the u.s. Or Canada now instead of being able to take a substantial part of the parts from let's say China or Japan you now would want to get them from one of these other 2 countries to be able to take advantage of the lower tariffs in other words it doesn't allow other countries to come in and essentially to freeload on the on the on the agreement This means that the next time we reach out and we are reaching out as you know to the u.k. And to Japan and the e.u. Generally for trade agreements This makes a dream with us. You know more compelling so I think it will help speaking of other countries a big trade issue the u.s. Has not resolved with China and this weekend 160000000000 dollars more in Chinese imports are going to be subjected to new tariffs including a lot of popular consumer items like laptops and cell phones these tariffs were pushed off from September so Christmas shopping wouldn't take a hit how concerned are you about this I'm concerned about it I'm hopeful that it can be at least delayed because as you know there's been some positive signs just in the last 24 hours China's a read to buy more of our products soybeans in particular which is nice for a while but I guess more importantly is I think there is a a good faith effort that's being undertaken by the same person u.s. Trade rep up light hisor which China as he did with Nancy Pelosi over the last year to come up with an agreement on u.s. M.c.a. So I think actually u.s.m.c. Success helps to build. A a more likely successful negotiation with China 1st it strengthens our economy which which gives us leverage but 2nd it shows that America can get something done here and you know it is possible for us to get to yes one of things that China has been saying is you know it's not just these of us but with other countries around the world the United States has a tough time getting to yes and Trade Agreement Well here we have in my hope that we can do that with China just in the next few days at least on phase one to avoid those to. Just in our last minute I want to ask because you do co-chair the Senate Ukraine caucus you've said a number of times you don't see evidence the president has done anything that would rise to the level of impeachment now you've heard testimony in the House if this does move to a Senate trial in the New Year as it is expected What's the biggest question that you still need answered. Well you know I don't see the evidence that has been compiled so far in the house I have said consistently after encouraging the release of the transcripts that some of the president's actions were not appropriate but based on what's been presented nothing rise to the level of saying we're going to overturn the results when election any question that you want answered though. In terms of a question like answered from the president's activities. Well you know I mean I have as has the head of the great darkness as you said of the co-chair of it and someone who pushed hard for that funding to go I want to be sure that we continue to provide that funding and we just passed out in the national defense bill. That we agreed to just yesterday so that's that's good news and we need to continue to support Ukraine as they are turning to the west Republican Senator Rob Portman of Ohio thank you thanks Ari sticker. Saudi Arabia today began selling off shares of its giant oil company Saudi Aramco the buyers were mainly from the kingdom or nearby so the price quickly rose about 10 percent after the opening bell at the exchange in the Saudi capital N.P.R.'s Jackie Northam reports. It was a glitzy ceremony complete with laser lights and confetti for the crowd gathered at the to da while the domestic Saudi stock exchange. Scene your oil officials rang and called bell marking the start of trading. The ceremony was fitting for the company considered Saudi Arabia's crown jewel Aramco is one of the most profitable companies in the world earning a 111000000000 dollars last year and it did better than. Acted on the 1st day of trading I would consider this a political success for the monarchy but not a financial success Ellen Walters President of transversal consulting an energy and geo political firm she says while the valuation came in higher than expected the listing fell short of the kingdom's goals because many important investors stayed away from the around Co i.p.o. What the Saudis originally intended for this i.p.o. Was to attract a lot of foreign capital to the kingdom and to this investment and instead of that we're seeing a largely Saudi affair which is essentially evolved into a transfer of wealth from the Saudi people and Saudi businesses to the Saudi government the effort to sell off a small slice of Iran Co was spearheaded by Crown Prince Muhammad bin salmon he wants to use most of the proceeds to help overhaul Saudi Arabia's oil dependent economy but his ambitious plans have had to be scaled back only 1.5 percent of a ram coal is being sold off and international investors disputed the kingdom's claim that Aramco was worth 2 trillion dollars Adnan mastery a Saudi specialist at the Peterson Institute for International Economics says there were also concerns about the oil companies transparency r.-o. Very much under. This already government it was to say and therefore politics will lift its commercial decisions Mazur he says international investors were rattled in 2017 when the Saudi authorities rounded up about 300 businessmen and held the matter Riyadh hotel for several months as part of an anti corruption campaign there was also concern over the killing of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi then there was the September attack on the around Co facilities says Mazur re drone attacks shows how vulnerable. A lot of. There has been a recovery of the oil about. What I was lost in those drone attacks you never sure how long a book. Which is another thing that international investors will be watching Jackie Northam n.p.r. News. This is n.p.r. News. When I went to New Hampshire recently to report on the Democratic debate over health care I ran into an interesting statistic according to one poll 87 percent of Democrats support Medicare for all 64 percent of Democrats support single payer health care here's the catch those 2 phrases describe basically the same thing the language in this debate is murky confusing and hugely consequential So we've asked n.p.r. Health policy reporter Selena Simmons stuff and to explain it for us hi Salena Is there any actual reason that somebody would want Medicare for all but not want single payer or is this just purely confusion about what the words mean this is confusion about what the words said the poll that you mentioned was done by the Kaiser Family Foundation and I called up Liz Hamill who runs polling there here's what she told me about how confused people are we asked people have you ever heard the term single payer or do you think it means the same thing as Medicare for all and pretty universally people say no that doesn't sound like the same thing as Medicare for all but you're here to clarify Salema it basically is the same thing yeah let me see if I can give a little nuance to it so if single payer is a fruit Medicare for all is a banana Ok single payer is like a category of coverage Medicare for all is a specific bill that was written by Senator Bernie Sanders I recall him saying he wrote the bill he likes to say that and it does things in a specific way but it is a single payer system Ok another phrase we hear a lot in this debate is public option explain what it means and how that's different from single payer so the idea of a public option was floated back in 2009 when the Affordable Care Act was getting debated and the idea is along with the private options that you might have through your employer through the exchanges there would be a way to buy into a government run program like Medicare it's an option that's a choice people it's an option there's like a 1000000 different kinds of public options different candidates have different ideas on how it will work would you lower the age for Medicare would you create a different thing that's not Medicare or Medicaid that people could buy into another confusing thing about the. Plans is that what people are calling Medicare for all actually makes Medicare look very different from what it is today right right so Medicare for All is kind of a misnomer because Medicare doesn't cover a whole lot of things like hearing and vision and dental that this program would cover so it's like an evolved different version of Medicare exactly the way Republicans often characterize these proposals is government run health care and is that actually what candidates like Elizabeth Warren and Bernie Sanders are talking about no they wouldn't be running the whole health care system this is not the government owning hospitals and employing doctors this is just the payment side of things and I think that one way to clarify what single payer means is if you think about it as if you're a doctor so a patient comes in and you give them health care who's paying you for that care in this case it wouldn't be at NIH and Cigna and Blue Cross and Medicaid it would be all of these different kinds of insurance plans it would just be one you would have the. Government Exactly so if somebody is watching a presidential debate and all of the different candidates on stage have all these different platforms and they're throwing around phrases that are hard for voters to understand what does that mean for public opinion and actually people casting their votes yeah it's a really good question and let's Hamel who I mentioned from the Kaiser Family Foundation said that one thing she's noticed about this debate in particular is that it's malleable so the way that you talk about Medicare for all changes how positively people feel about it so for example if you say to people Medicare for all would eliminate premiums which is when people like I like great but if you say to people it will eliminate private insurance as you point to that's controversial and support kind of falls back so the rhetoric around these ideas really changes how voters might be thinking about where they want to see health care in America go to n.p.r. Health policy reporter Selena 7 stuff and thanks a lot thank you. You're listening to All Things Considered. Support for Jefferson Public Radio comes from our listeners and from the Oregon Cultural Trust together the Oregon Cultural Trust and Oregonians supportive or $1400.00 cultural non-profits in the state including the libraries historical societies youth art programs and preservation projects that are the heart of every community the Oregon Cultural Trust offering innovative ways to double the impact of Oregonians cultural giving by December 31st more at Cultural Trust Gee thanks for joining us for all things considered I'm Colleen Pyke This is Jay p.r. With the house's 4th impeachment underway n.p.r. Looks back at the United States' 1st presidential impeachment that of President Andrew Johnson That story is just ahead in our weather forecast lots of rain throughout the region in the Cascades in sisc used tonight rain lows around 36 tomorrow also rain low and high is near 41 in y. Rica overnight rain steady temperatures around 45 on Thursday rain highest near 53 weed in Mt Shasta rain overnight lows around 39 tomorrow also rain highs near 45 in Redding and Red Bluff showers tonight lows around 49 showers tomorrow highs near 59 in the Klamath Basin rain tonight lows around 38 on Thursday rain highest near 45 the southern Oregon coast rain lows around 49 again rain on Thursday highs near 50 for the Northern California coast rain tonight lows around 53 rain on Thursday highs near 56 in Roseburg in the basin rain tonight steady temperatures around 50 on Thursday also rain and high sneer 52 Grants Pass Medford and Ashland tonight expect rain lows around 44 then on Thursday also rain and high sneer 54 for more information on the weather visit us at i j p r o r g. This is All Things Considered I'm Audie Cornish and I'm Ari Shapiro we've talked on this program with people who worked on President Clinton's impeachment and President Nixon's trying to gain insight into the impeachment of President Trump Well our next guest argues that the best historical comparison is to a presidential impeachment that took place 150 years ago against Andrew Johnson who became president after Abraham Lincoln's assassination. Is a history professor at the University of Connecticut welcome to All Things Considered thank you for having me before we get to the impeachment self Tell us about the man who was Andrew Johnson So Andrew Johnson was a unionist actually during the Civil War from Tennessee so because of that he was rewarded by being made the military governor of Tennessee by Lincoln joining the Civil War And then finally was Lincoln's vice president and you describe Johnson as one of the most reviled presidents in American history but that's not enough to get someone impeach So why did impeachment proceedings ultimately begin against him the reason why he was in Peace was mainly his racist objections to black citizenship and to this whole program of reconstruction which was to establish an interracial democracy in the south so Congress passes a law called the tenure of office act that prevents Johnson from firing Union Army offices and from firing Lincoln's secretary a wall Edward Stanton who would really overseeing this process and Johnson by late said by firing Stanton even though he had assured Republicans that he would not do that so this is about presidential overreach executive abuse of power absolutely it was pressed and overreach and as they say very clearly in the articles of impeachment that he was encroaching on congressional and had actually disrespected Congress had obstructed Congress which is also one of the articles of impeachment that was laid out. Yesterday against Donald Trump so I was going to ask what other parallels you see here when you read the articles of impeachment from 150 years ago and from yesterday both impeachments have a smoking gun for Johnson it was a violation the tenure of office Act floated it was his phone call with the Ukrainian president but both presidents also had a pattern off seeming to violate national interests national ideals playing on racial divisions in the country I think in that way they are both somewhat similar in last week's House Judiciary Committee hearing another parallel between the Trump and Johnson impeachment came up it was legal expert Jonathan Turley who said this I believe that this is much like the Johnson impeachment it's manufactured intil you build a record I'm not saying you can't build a record but you can't do it like this whether or not you agree that the record for the trumpet ministration is insufficient do you think it's true that the record with the Johnson impeachment was kind of manufactured an ad hoc I wouldn't agree that it was manufactured because there were 11 articles of impeachment against Johnson and the 1st 9 very clearly pointed to the so-called smoking gun which was a violation of the tenure of office Act One could see that as Congress encroaching on executive privilege but that in fact was a response to Johnson's obstructionism and his attempt to disregard Federal when it came to reconstruction because he was studying a blind eye to racial Tara the rise of the Ku Klux glad it's as if as expected the Trump impeachment moves on to a trial in the Senate what would you look for to see whether these parallels continue with Johnson Well that's where the parallel will break down it's quite clear that the Republican Party today is lockstep and barrel behind Trump and that no matter what happens they are not going to vote to convict him and so. They do have a slight majority in the Senate it seems conviction is unlikely but I do think that the entire process is important to make sure that precedent still think that they are above the law and that we don't completely give up on checks and balances separation of PAs that have been put into place by the founders of the American puppet its history professor many of the University of Connecticut thanks for speaking with us thank you for having me Ari. Director Clint Eastwood's new movie Richard Jewel opens Friday it's based on the real life story of the security guard at the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta who discovered a backpack with a bomb in it Joel was 1st considered a hero then a suspect the profile of the lone bomber the frustrated white man who is a police want to be who seeks to become a hero. The way the Atlanta Journal Constitution broke the story is a subplot in the movie and N.P.R.'s Mandalit del Barco reports the newspaper is demanding an apology for how its reporter is portrayed in one key scene in the movie reporter Kathy Scruggs played by Olivia Wilde finds an f.b.i. Agent played by Jon Hamm at a bar she flirts with them looking for a scoop and before they leave together presumably for Iran date he whispers to or that Richard Jewel is the f.b.i. Suspect the rest of the movie has Joel trying to clear his name. The fact is me. Last night on the red carpet at the film's Atlanta premiere local t.v. Station a asked Director Clint Eastwood about his portrayal of Scruggs who died in 2001 describes it was very. Interesting personality and she did. Didn't finally do it so how she did it nobody probably will ever really you know Eastwood's movie implies she traded sexual favors that riles her former editor at The Atlanta Journal Constitution Burt Rotan who says she's not around to defend herself they made her same as though she was this viper who was willing to do anything to get a story and having known Kathy just couldn't be less turn wrote in remember Scruggs is a colorful character and irreverent savvy and relentless police reporter with deep sources and law enforcement she was boisterous saying and often pretty profound in the way that newspaper people always have been but she was also. A pro and she was very careful about her reporting and worried a lot about the accuracy of what she was or she was hearing about Richard Jewell and went to a lot of trouble to verify what she had this week the newspaper's lawyer sent a letter to Clint Eastwood and the film studio Warner Brothers saying the movie version is false and damages the reputation of the Atlanta Journal Constitution the a.j.c. And reporter Scruggs Kevin Reilly is the editor in chief Clint Eastwood has taken every misinformed perception of how reporters actually work and that is how he preached racist journalism and that's still a time when journalism's are under almost constant attack it seems irresponsible Riley and his paper demand Clint Eastwood apologize but Warner Brothers defends the film issuing a statement that it was based on a wide range of credible source material a disclaimer at the end of the movie does say quote dialogue and certain events and characters in the film were created for the purposes of drama to zation unquote The irony is not lost on Evelyn McDonnell who has a journalism department at Loyola Marymount University she says the real life Kathy Scruggs shouldn't be reduced to a massage honest a cliché about female news reporters report the truth about her making a movie that's about trying to set the record straight make sure you've got the record straight Mandalit del Barco n.p.r. News. You're listening to All Things Considered from n.p.r. News support for n.p.r. Comes from this station and from the pajama gram company creators of matching holiday pajamas for the whole family including dogs and cats with Charlie Brown Star Wars and Grinch themes in its fleece and flannel available at pajama gram dot com. From little passports their new science junior subscription for kids aims to inspire curiosity designed to bring projects to life while utilizing new science concepts more at little passports dot com. Than from at last Ian whether it's keeping thousands of people on the same page or managing projects from start to finish at last Ian works to unleash the potential of all types of teams with collaboration software more at c.n.n. Dot com. This is Jefferson Public Radio I'm Abby craft each day j p r strives to bring you programs that are worth both your time and your support our programs cover a diverse range of topics keeping you informed and inspired and connected to our community. Or wider world as we count our blessings this season we're grateful for the generous support of a regional community that deeply values our work and provides the resources that power our public service mission as you consider making year end tax deductible contributions to organizations that reflect your personal values and your desire to build a better community we hope you'll put j p r on your giving last it's easy to do it i j p.r. Dot org or by phone at 888-552-6191. This is southern Oregon University's Jefferson Public Radio 90.1. 88.3 k s r g and 91.18 you see Crescent City classical music and n.p.r. News. reveals his identity to the world now the news. Live from n.p.r. News ay in Washington I'm Jack Speer House lawmakers a big on the editing or markup process on the articles of impeachment against President Trump as N.P.R.'s miles parks reports members of the House Judiciary Committee are making opening statements tonight it continuing the process tomorrow the market process is expected to last through Thursday afternoon with a break overnight for lawmakers to sleep Judiciary Committee chairman Jerry nab are open the hearing I hope that we are able to work together oh this president or any president accountable for breaking his most basic obligations to the country to its citizens the Judiciary Committee will spend these hours proposing and fighting over amendments to the document but the articles of impeachment are not expected to fundamentally change the accused President Trump of abusing his power and obstructing Congress and they're expected to reach the full House floor for a vote next week Miles parks n.p.r. News the Capitol the Justice Department's internal watchdog testified before the Senate Judiciary Committee today telling lawmakers he is concerned that so many basic and fundamental errors were made by the f.b.i. In obtaining permission.

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