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By Paul Carlson and Jack Becker Editor s Note: Caprock Chronicles is edited each week by Jack Becker, a librarian at Texas Tech University.  He can be reached at Jack.Becker@ttu.edu. This week’s essay, by Becker and Paul Carlson, emeritus professor of history at Tech, reviews the evolution of American buffalo (bison) of the Great Plains.   Bison have been in North America longer than the humans who hunted them. As members of the Bovidae family of mammals, bison are distantly related to such animals as the Asian Water Buffalo and European Aurocks (or Wisents).   An ancient species of bison colonized North America perhaps as early as 600,000 years ago, but certainly before the Wisconsin glaciation (70,000-10,000 years ago) during which ice closed off the land route between Asia and North America. Called Bison latifrons, the early animals were giants, twice the size of modern bison, with huge horns that spread some six feet from tip to tip. 

United statesLlano estacadoTom mchughJack beckerJoel allenPaul carlsonTexas tech universityLubbock lake national historic landmarkCaprock chroniclesGreat plainsTexas techNorth americaAsian water buffaloEuropean aurocksIce ageFrancisco vasquez de coronado