What is Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)?
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a method of providing lung and heart support to patients with inadequate blood perfusion in the body, or gas exchange in the lungs. Blood is pumped from the body into an artificial lung, oxygenating red blood cells and removing excess carbon dioxide before it is returned to provide oxygen to the tissues and organs.
A working ECMO machine in an intensive care department. Image Credit: Kiryl Lis / Shutterstock.com
When might ECMO be used?
Patients may require ECMO for a variety of reasons, but generally, they will be undergoing severe acute lung or heart failure and have failed to respond to conventional therapy. Guidelines published by the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization suggest that ECMO is only considered when the patient is already predicted to have a 50% mortality risk and is usually indicated at 80%.
ECMO support for COVID-19: a balancing act
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ECMO support for COVID-19: a balancing act – Authors reply
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