president had had up until that period of time and that s really what makes him an extraordinary genius like president. let me go back to doris for a minute. we ve had presidents like jimmy carter who have great s.a.t. scores, probably did very well on engineering and didn t know how to connect. distinguish political iq from sort of taking tests iq. without a question. what s much more important as was mentioned in terms of temperament, absolutely outdoing pure intellect is how does an president connect with the people at large and with the congressmen? lincoln didn t let past hurts occupy his mind, that he knew how to bring people of alternative points of view together, that he understood how to reconcile opposing points of view. i mean, those are human qualities. and some people have more of a profound empathy. i think they are born with it more than others.