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Integrating maths and plant science to explain how plant roots generate a hormone gradient

Loading video... VIDEO: Illustrates that differential cell permeability is the key to creating the exogenous-GA-generated gradient. Technical detail: The time-course shows a root treated with nlsGPS1 growing in Rootchip18S with GA at standard (pH... view more  Credit: Sainsbury Lab, University of Cambridge and University of Nottingham The research team that developed a biosensor that first recorded that a distinct gradient of the plant growth hormone gibberellin correlated with plant cel...
United Kingdom Markus Owen Alexander Jones Annalisa Rizza University Of Cambridge University Of Nottingham

3D model shows off the insides of a giant permafrost crater

Credit: Evgeny Chuvilin Researchers from the Oil and Gas Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences and their Skoltech colleagues have surveyed the newest known 30-meter deep gas blowout crater on the Yamal Peninsula, which formed in the summer of 2020. The paper was published in the journal Geosciences. Giant craters in the Russian Arctic, thought to be the remnants of powerful gas blowouts, first attracted worldwide attention in 2014, when the 20 to 40-meter wide Yamal Crater was ...
Yamal Peninsula Yamalo Nenetskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug Igor Bogoyavlensky Boris Bukhanov Andrey Umnikov Yevgeny Chuvilin

Scholars of outstanding promise

 E-Mail Every so often the work of an early career researcher becomes so important, it captures the attention of their professional peers. Recognizing these young "scholars of outstanding promise," the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation awards Sloan Research Fellowships to support their future breakthroughs and careers as leaders in their fields. This year, three of those 128 early-career innovators come from UC Santa Barbara. "I congratulate Sung Soo Kim, Fedor Manin and Timothy Brandt on this except...
United States Timothy Brandt Fedor Manin Daniell Goroff Santa Barbara Adamf Falk

Corn belt farmland has lost a third of its carbon-rich soil

 E-Mail More than one-third of the Corn Belt in the Midwest - nearly 30 million acres - has completely lost its carbon-rich topsoil, according to University of Massachusetts Amherst research that indicates the U.S. Department of Agriculture has significantly underestimated the true magnitude of farmland erosion. In a paper published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers led by UMass Amherst graduate student Evan Thaler, along with professors Isaac Larsen and Qian...
Evan Thaler Isaac Larsen Qian Yu Us Department Of Agricultural Proceedings Of The National Academy Sciences University Of Massachusetts Amherst

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Machine-learning how to create better AAV gene delivery vehicles

 E-Mail IMAGE: In their machine learning-based capsid diversification strategy, the team focused on a 28 amino acid peptide within a segment of the AAV2 VP3 capsid protein that exposes the AAV capsid... view more  Credit: Wyss Institute at Harvard University (original by Drew Bryant) (Boston) -- Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) have become promising vehicles for delivering gene therapies to defective tissues in the human body because they are non-pathogenic and can transfer therapeutic D...
United States Boston University University Of Massachusetts Medical School Massachusetts Institute Of Technology United Kingdom Dana Farber Cancer Institute

Multi-model approach could help farmers prepare for, contain PEDV outbreaks

 E-Mail Researchers from North Carolina State University used a three-model approach to trace the between-farm spread of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), as well as to analyze the efficacy of different control strategies in these scenarios. The approach may enable farmers to be more proactive in preventing the spread of PEDV and to optimize their efforts to control the disease. PEDV is a virus that causes high mortality rates in preweaned piglets. The virus emerged in the U.S. in 2013 a...
Gustavo Machado Jason Galvis Cesar Corzo Joaquin Prada Chris Jones University Of Surrey

Affordable CRISPR app reveals unintended mutations at site of CRISPR gene repair

 E-Mail Wilmington, DE, Feb. 11, 2020 -Scientists have developed an affordable, downloadable app that scans for potential unintended mistakes when CRISPR is used to repair mutations that cause disease. The app reveals potentially risky DNA alterations that could impede efforts to safely use CRISPR to correct mutations in conditions like sickle cell disease and cystic fibrosis. The development of the new tool, called DECODR (which stands for Deconvolution of Complex DNA Repair), was reported to...
United States University Of Delaware Eric Kmiec Byung Chun Yoo Rohan Kanchana Kevin Bloh

Scientists discovered new physical effects important for the ITER reactor operation

Credit: Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University The energy of the future lies in the area of the controlled thermonuclear fusion. The scientific group from Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), headed by Professor Vladimir Rozhansky, is directly involved in the establishment of the worlds largest experimental thermonuclear reactor ITER. Researchers discovered new effects, which affect the energy flow in the reactor. The theoretical predictions were confi...
Vladimir Rozhansky Max Planck Institute For Plasma Physics Higher School Of Physics Ioffe Institute Polytechnic University Great St Petersburg Polytechnic University

Really random networks

 E-Mail IMAGE: The colours represent the identities of nodes. The top row shows how many connections each node has. In the circle you can see all possible ways of making a connected... view more  Credit: Szabolcs Horvat et al. 2020 / MPI-CBG / CSBD Many natural and human-made networks, such as computer, biological or social networks have a connectivity structure that critically shapes their behavior. The academic field of network science is concerned with analyzing such real-world com...
Szabolcs Horv Max Planck Institute Of Molecular Cell Biology Carl Modes Systems Biology Dresden Max Planck Institute Molecular Cell Biology

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