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IMAGE: From the left, spheres with a surface material that is matte, refractive, or specular. view more
Credit: COPYRIGHT (C) TOYOHASHI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
The research team led by Masakazu Ohara, graduate student of the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at Toyohashi University of Technology (student in the Leading Program doctoral program); Associate Professor Kowa Koida of the Electronics-Inspired Interdisciplinary Research Institute; and Associate Professor Juno Kim of the University of New South Wales (Australia) discovered that when people judge the thickness of an object, objects with glass-like transparent optical properties are perceived to be flatter than they actually are. It was previously known that objects made of metallic or glossy materials are perceived to be thicker than what they are, but now the current research has identified that transparent properties surprisingly have the opposite effect. The result o
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A team of researchers at New York University will develop new methods and tools aimed at minimizing systemic biases and producing more equitable public policy impacts on such areas as city housing inspections, policing, and courts.
Under a $1 million grant from the National Science Foundation (NSF) and Amazon, Computer Science Professor Daniel B. Neill will lead the three-year research project centered on the growing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) by urban public sector organizations work that will include the creation of open source tools for assessing and correcting biases. Human decisions and algorithmic decisions have potential for systematic biases that may lead to poor downstream outcomes such as disparities and inequity across racial, gender, and socioeconomic lines, said Neill, a professor at NYU s Wagner Graduate School of Public Service and the Center for Urban Science and Progress (CUSP) at NYU s Tandon School of Engineering. What we want to understand
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In 2017, a widely cited study used statistical tools to model how likely the world is to meet the Paris Agreement global temperature targets. The analysis found that on current trends, the planet had only a 5% chance of staying below 2 degrees Celsius warming this century the international climate treaty s supposed goal.
Now, the same authors have used their tools to ask: What emissions cuts would actually be required to meet the goal of 2 C warming, considered a threshold for climate stability and climate-related risks such as excessive heat, drought, extreme weather and sea level rise?
The University of Washington study finds that emissions reductions about 80% more ambitious than those in the Paris Agreement, or an average of 1.8% drop in emissions per year rather than 1% per year, would be enough to stay within 2 degrees. The results were published Feb. 9 in Nature s open-access journal