Vanadium oxide and a sharp onset of cold-trapping on a giant exoplanet
The abundance of refractory elements in giant planets can provide key insights into their formation histories1. Owing to the low temperatures of the Solar System giants, refractory elements condense below the cloud deck, limiting sensing capabilities to only highly volatile elements2. Recently, ultra-hot giant exoplanets have allowed for some refractory elements to be measured, showing abundances broadly consistent with the solar nebula with titanium probably condensed out of the photosphere3,4....
United Kingdom United States Hans Wedepohl D Monte Carlo Hubble Pan Oxford Research Encyclopedia Of Planetary Science
Source: nature.com