and we have more on the path of a hurricane. >> it has been a violent day in the middle east. [ screaming ] >> dozens of people were injured in fighting between the palestinians and israeli police in east jerusalem. the violence began after a 17-year-old palestinian boy was murdered. it is claimed that his death was in revenge for the deaths of the three missing teams i teens in the west bank. >> reporter: palestinians who live in east jerusalem took their anger to the streets. they had just learned about the murder of 17-year-old palestinian. his family accuses jewish settlers of killing him. >> between 3:30 and 4:30 a.m. mohammed was walking to the mosque. a truck of men came out and forced him inside and drove off. >> reporter: they fired tear gas and rubber-coated bullets. the israeli government blames hamas for the abduction and murder of three israeli teens. >> the israeli policies escalate and are dangerous. they create a destructive atmosphere and we'll resort to all means to defend our rights and those of our people. >> reporter: the prime minister of israel benjamin netanyahu called the murder a reprehensible crime and ordered an investigation. he also called on all sides not to take the law into their own hands. people here are worried that this already serious situation may escalate. it is now up to israeli and palestinian leaders to insure that doesn't happen. al jazeera, east jerusalem. >> palestinians in gaza are reacting to the teenager's death. hamas supporters are holding anti-israel protests. nick schifrin is in gaza at the protest. nick, if you would, tell us what is happening where you are. >> reporter: yes, tony, there are two or three thousand people behind me, and 30 cameras or so. this is a show of defiance on behalf of hamas. as we try and show you the crowd you can take a look at the people. there are about 2,000 or 3,000 from all across gaza. there have been dozen of airstrikes and attacks into gaza. and hamas is trying to say, we're not scared of you. they're protesting of what happened in east jerusalem in solidarity for those who are protesting outside of the home of the 17-year-old who was killed apparently by israeli settlers. >> there were rockets fired in the last couple of hours? >> reporter: yes, what we've got is 15 rockets according to the israeli army fired from here in gaza into israel. most of them fall in open fields. two were intercepted by the iron dome, israel's air defense unit that intercepts these rockets. as you look at some of the younger members much this crowd there is an understanding, an implicit understanding between hamas and israel despite all of these firings. so long as these rockets fall in open fields or are intercepted by the iron dome most of the attacks will be on empty training grounds used by anti-israeli fighters as well as the site of those rocket attacks. the big concern here and in israel if one of those rockets gets through and god for bid kills some of the people in israel that's when all bets are off, and that's when israel warned that it will really attack gaza again. >> great that you made that point. more generally speaking, what has been the response from both sides, both leaders, to this latest round of violence? >> reporter: again, this is a great example, tony, of the rhetoric not matching the reality. the rhetoric. what do you hear? prime minister benjamin netanyahu saying hamas, hamas will pay. that we'll unleash the gates of hell if they attack. but with that understanding, but that the senior official of the army said they have no desire to go into gaza. they don't want a war and they don't want to link the deaths of those three teenagers to gaza. the big question here is will israel decide to escalate despite the fact that up until recently it has not wanted to. >> nick schifrin, thank you. the white house condemned the killing of the palestinian teenager as a despicable act and afternooned th urged at israelis and palestinians to keep the situation from escalat. >> the heinous murder of the palestinian teenager, we send our condolences to his family and the palestinian people. we call on the government of israel and palestinian authority to take all necessary steps to prevent an atmosphere of revenge and retribution. >> iraqi prime minister nouri al-maliki said that the attacks are a threat to all the middle east. this comes as john kerry met with kurdish leaders. what will would it ultimately take for the obama administration to send in the airstrikes that the iraqi government has been asking for for a couple of weeks now. >> reporter: tony, i have to tell you with each passing day it becomes more and more that the united states government in the form of obama administration is going to insist that iraq form th the inclusive government and do it quickly or there will be no airstrikes. each passing day leads us to believe that you look at this insistence by the united states after the first parliamentary session broke down in acrimony after two hours in baghdad. this insistence. you can look at it as an incentive to get it together, come together and form a government, that tholed be bluffing. if it ever came to the fall of baghdad itself then the united states would come forward with airstrikes. this is the question i put today just a few hours ago to the press secretary josh earnest. >> the vulnerability of one particular city in iraq is difficult for me to assess. but the reason that i call it an existential threat not only because of the situation on the ground, but because of the broader conflict that is being played out here, that what isil was doing is they're perpetrating terrible acts of violence, but they're also trying to play upon these old sectarian divisions in an effort to pull the country apart. >> reporter: more and more iraqi officials from nouri al-maliki on down are calling with increasing stridency to send attract an airstrikes and helicopters. >> reporter: they asked the iraqis to work together, more pressure on them. the question really is--here's is the vice president of the united states calling a power broker in baghdad, even the white house refers to as someone with influence within the iraqi power structure within baghdad. did he or did he not suggest certain individuals to come forward and lead the iraqi government. as you know, tony, they are to choose a president, a speaker and a prime minister before a government can be formed. the white house sharply denies that they're talking about individuals and insisting publicly that that is up to the iraqi people and their elected representatives. >> mike viqueira at the white house. thank you. as mike touched on there the battle in iraq is being fought between factions. this is not a secular government combating religious extremism. cities bounce back between sunni rebels and iraqi control. we have reports from ubil. >> reporter: he said he is a target because he was a sunni and those in anbar feel particularly betrayed by the prime minister nouri al-maliki. he once served in the army. he said the sunni rebellion won't end until their rights are restored. >> we will continue the war, we will ready to deal with leaders, but iranian influence has to end. maliki has to leave power. we've been humiliated enough. >> reporter: for many months people from anbar protested in the streets. the government viewed the demonstrations, which spread to other sunni areas, as a threat. the government responded with force and said it was fighting militant groups. the province has been a battleground since the start of this year. armed groups pushed iraqi army out of the sunni heartland in article june. but opponents say that it began in anbar. 300,000 people were displaced by the conflict there. around 30,000 of them are now living in the kurdish region of northern iraq. many of theme stay in motels. it has been six months now. and families hearsay that they've already spent most of their savings and will have no choice but to eventually return to anbar. they left because of what they call the indiscriminate and heavy bombardment by the iraqi air force. but that is not the only reason. the men here don't want to reveal their identities because they were serving in the iraqi police force. >> most of the sunnies join the army for salaries. they weren't loyal to the government. they laid down their arms when the government attacked the people. but then they were threatened by armed men for collaborating with the state. >> reporter: there was a time when anbar cooperated with the government to rid their province of al-qaeda fighters. years later they say that they regret ever trusting maliki. they say the government didn't stop targeting them and their leadership. today's fault lines are not new, and this family, just like many iraqis fear, reconciliation may be too late. al jazeera. >> residents of a small southern california town say their victory over the federal got government is only temporary. they believe that officials will try to move dozens of undocumented immigrants to a border patrol station once day after they forced a caravan of buses to turn back. >> reporter: with their signs held high protesters swarmed the street bringing the buses to a standstill. the buses carrying undocumented central american families were headed to an u.s. border patrol station in southern california. the migrants arrived by plane from texas where authorities caught them to illegally cross the u.s. border. >> u.s. citizens have to pay higher taxes in order to support these people. it's just not fair. we can't take care of our own. >> reporter: the people pushing to keep the illegals out stood side by side with other americans welcoming the undocumented immigrants to california. >> we are your cooks. we are your baby-sitters says a man with a hat who said i'm legal, who showed up to support the illegal immigrants. ultimately the buss were forced to turn around, leaving officials scrambling to find another facility to house the women and children. in an eart effort to stem the surge of crossing the border. when it comes to the kids president obama vowed this week to take executive action. >> we can't wait for congress. >> reporter: as for the overall issue of immigration, obama said he can only do so much on his own. >> whatever we do administratively is not going to be sufficient to solve a broken immigration system. >> reporter: al jazeera. >> coming up at 4:30 we'll take a closer look at this issue when we talk with the head of the local border patrol union in murrieta, california. ahmed abu khatalla is accused of masterminding th the 2012 bengahzi attack that killed four americans including ambassador chris stevens. a federal judge denied his release. four ministers from russia, ukraine, germany. we have more on the results of today's meeting. >> reporter: before the talks german diplomats were playing down hopes saying we really shouldn't expect any kind of significant steps, then came a surprise, the foreign ministers involved in the talks of ukraine, russia, germany and france said there would be three-way negotiations before saturday involving the fighters in the east in the country who were pro-russian, anti-kiev. this is something new. it remains to be seen whether these fighters would be willing to engage in the talks. whether russia speaks for them or any other country because they've been invited to participate in discussions before, and declined the invitation. that said, sanctions are still on the stable, and russia appears to be giv giving in to some western pressure. given the opportunity to come to the russian side and make sure that no many and material are coming through. germ chancellor angela merkel said that level 3 sanctions were definitely something that the european union were still considering, and they would target the energy sector, it's financial sector as well as it's military exports. >> hundreds of tons of chemical weapons are one step closer to being destroyed. they were being moved from a danish ship to the u.s. ship. it will begin the process of neutralizing the chemicals. jacob ward has a look at how that process looks. >> moving things around at sea is incredible ply complicated. thit's carrying a very small load but it's the ocean that creates chaos. anywhere from 2,000 to 10,000 containers go overboard in rough seas. the idea that a destroyer is going to sea carrying something as toxic and dangerous as this is a sobering one. this operation is unprecedented. it will take on memories including sulfur mustard which we know as mus mustard gas as well as components of sarin nerve agent. a contained pressurized unit has to heat the chemicals to extreme measures and then the ashes are locked away as hazardous waste. the cape ray is equip with the hydrolysis you want units that use water and other compounds. those compounds would be processed in germany and finland. the cape ray has two hydrolysis units on board. they were custom designed just for this purpose. those are the two basically top institutions in the country when it comes to horrible chemicals. it will take those hydrolysis units 60 days to process all the agents. the chemicals have to be put on board, moved around, stored on ships bound for europe. it's a really scary process. and for whoever is assigned to handle this while the sea moves beneath this, this is going to be a very tense couple of months. >> tropical storm arthur continues to strengthen in the atlantic ocean. it comes as millions of americans as you know head to the beach for the indians day holiday weekend. we'll look at the storm's track here. it's effecting the areas right on thursday and friday. but the forecast remains the same. not much change with the track, and it's still forecast to intensify. that is the center of the storm here with the radar. it's off from florida moving ford and picking up speed a little bit. it's aboving over some warmer part. it looks to intensify and during to the northeast. >> current risk all through south carolina, and in north carolina we'll see watches. this is one computer forecast but it shows where the center of the storm it. south carolina seeing that wind start to pick up. but here comes the key time. the brunt of the storm will be thursday night as it intensifies. it will move close for north carolina and then early friday. it will continue to intensify but the track off the grass will bring in a lot of wind, and that could lead to flooding. here is the national hurricane center focusing on this entire area. it will stay consistent touring to the northeast. and with this track this is the wind here out of the southeast, the east. >> that is going to be worth watching. thanks. appreciate it. dave warren with us. coming up on al jazeera america. accusations against t-mobile that it racked up fake charges on customers' bills. [ grunting ] i'm taking off, but, uh, don't worry. i'm gonna leave the tv on for you. and if anything happens, don't forget about the new xfinity my account app. you can troubleshoot technical issues here. if you make an appointment, you can check out the status here. you can pay the bill, too. but don't worry about that right now. okay. how do i look? ♪ thanks. [ male announcer ] troubleshoot, manage appointments, and bill pay from your phone. introducing the xfinity my account app. >> stalks from fairly flat as traders waited for the june job report, which comes out tomorrow. the dow hitting a new record high, and the s&p 500 rose to reach a new record while nasdaq was down slightly. target is asking it's customers to leave their guns at home. it wants to promote a safe environment. the question i request is for all customers including those who live in states with approved permit carry laws. t-mobile ause accused of charging bonus fees--that should be bogus fees netting hundreds of millions of dollars in the process. the federal trade commission is suing the company for hidden fees like subscriptions for ho horoscopes and celebrity gossip, customers who never signed up for them but was charged for it any way. >> this is a practice called cramming, a third party, some other provider will be piggyba piggybacking on t-mobile subscriber base and billing platform. all they needed was your cell phone number and sign you up to these description services that you didn't want and then they're billed through the t-mobile monthly subscription. that's what being alleged. that t-mobile didn't do enough to police this practice and take care of it. >> we'll see other companies under this same scrutiny? is there a chance that they're doing the same thing? >> my guess is that they're doing the same thing. it's an ongoing dispute as to what t-mobile's response should be. the fcc is on this, but the which is did at companies not have as big of a problem. >> the claim is that t-mobile knew about these charges two years ago, and at the same time the stock more than doubled. is there linkage there? >> reporter: no, not explicitly. one of the reasons t-mobile stock is up a lot, management that was not there when these practices allegedly started, and excitement about the general industry for consolidation. keep in mind that t-mobile is trying to merge with sprint. >> let's leave the potential internal investigation and firings, let's perfect abou forget about firings, we're talking about potential investigation. >> reporter: we're talking about an under handed business practice something that regulators are saying that t-mobile should have done more to take care of. >> a group of protesters forced a bus full of illegal migrants to turn around. but this is not the end of the fight. and a mission that nasa hopes will explain why carbon dioxide levels keep going up. >> west africa is seeing its worst joy break of ebola virus. 467 have died. the outbreak began in guinea. that happened in march. it has since spread to liberia and sierra leone. >> reporter: officials are researching foot bats. not everyone there agrees. and december trust of doctors and government is widespread. >> we've been put out of business if we can't sell our meat our families are going to go hungry. we want our bush meat back. >> reporter: thousands of miles away the center for decease control center said the outbreak has been the serious ever faced. >> what has happened over the past few months the infection has spread to different areas in all three countries. >> reporter: the cdc here in atlanta does not have ebola specimens from this outbreak in west africa. what they're doing is they're studying the fruit bat which they think could be the host or reservoir for the virus and other fever-based diseases. the cdc has response teams deployed in africa since april including fever scientists and epidemiologists. those are people who chase down and identify patients. >> we know what causes the outbreak. getting them into proper treatment as soon as possible and then following up with all the people they've had contact with to monitor for symptoms to determine if they will become patients. >> they need help. they need international help. >> reporter: as the death toll rises, the "world health organization" is calling for drastic action and multiple people is required in each of the affected regions to help identify the infected and slow down the ebola virus of which there is no vaccine and no cure. >> in hong kong more than 500 protesters were detained today. hundreds of thousands had gathered for the city's biggest pro democracy rally. there was no violence or vandalism during the protest. they say they want to be able to nominate candidates. >> reporter: talks on iran's nuclear program began today. a new deadline of july 120th has been set for a deal. negotiations ended last month with little process. iran's enrichment capabilities are a major focus of the talks the u.s. are attempting. iran said it won't accept excessive demands. and in indonesia human rights activists have filed a lawsuit against the election commission for allowing a former general to run in the upcoming election. he is alleged to have taken part in abductions 17 years ago. >> reporter: he has a growing chance of becoming the next president of indonesia. he describes himself as being a strong leader, but his candidacy is being disputed. he is accused of being behind the kidnappings of human rights activists who criticized him in 1998. one of 13 people who have not seen sense, she is reads a poem for him. and another man was kidnapped, tortured and released. he filed a lawsuit against the national election commission for allowing him to run. >> how could a person supposed to be healt held responsible for violence. >> reporter: the case has yet to be brought to court. the honorary officers council fired him from the military in 1998. some members of the couple say he was not put on trial because he was president's son-in-law. the former second in command of the military and said he's unsuitable to run for the presidency. >> what becomes of the president on the people he doesn't like they will be kidnapped and disappear. if you ask me if it is dangerous for this country, if he becomes president, i don't know. but based on my logic and experience i can see his behavior, and it has not changed. >> reporter: human rights activists say he must not be allowed to run as president, and his popularity is increasing. when asked about the allegatio allegations. >> we're working hard. we're working hard. >> what is your comment about the allegations of 1998? >> huh? >> there are many former generals. >> reporter: the human rights allegations don't seem to affect his popularity. because for many people it is considered a thing the past. but for the victims and their families it is something that they carry with them every day. >> the conflicts in syria and iraq are resonating with muslims abroad. many people are setting off to join militias. zane spoke to a woman who said she will not stop. anything short of supporting the syrian up rising. >> reporter: she was nervous about talking to us at first, afraid of the country's intelligence agents. we met us at a smal areas of her home. >> prophet mohammed said there will come a difficult time when you can't find true islam. people ask what to do in that situation. he said keep the light in your souls. the time he described has come. >> she says she believes earthquakes, wars, and tsunamis are all proof that the world is coming to at end, an. >> in syria there was the building of the truly islamic world. most of the true muslims are going there and fighting against the non-believers. >> her friends who have gone there tell her that their lives have meaning now. she may not pick up weapons and go to the front but she supports the rebel side. >> i can help with medical problems because i have some experience in medicine. i know some arabic. i can also teach religion. >> reporter: people responsible for national security in kurdistan say they worry about a dangerous trend of young men and women traveling south of the country to take part in the conflict in the middle east. for the chief of police practicing and arresting people like sophia is his number one priority. >> all right now there are 100 extremist website. there are 35 people from osh fighting in syria. two came back and now are in prison. there are women who have medical s who are getting involved. they are very gown and are going tworried. >> god is against killing each other. the prophet said if a muslim kills another muslim he goes to hell forever. that's why if another muslim goes to syria, it's totally wrong. >> he believes the sunni islam is the only way forward for all of islam, but tools is words not weapons. >> they say if you see an unbeliever fight against them with weapons. if you have no weapons then you should fight with your words. if not your words then your heart. >> the message of peace is not getting through to everyone. >> a man pleading guilty for giving support for acts of jih jihad. maria ines ferre has that story and other stories making headlines across the u.s. >> reporter: he faces 15 years in prison. he admitted he wanted to engage in violent jihad and provide, quote, material support to forists. he used an internet chat room to reju recruit people to join the fighting. >> missouri governor signed a bill that requires a woman to wait three days before getting an abortion. after 31 days in an under sea laboratory, fabien coustaeu is now on dry land. he came up from an important experiment. >> people protect what they love, but how can people protect what they don't understand? the only way to understand more about ourselves is to learn more about our life support systems, and what makes it tick. our ocean world. >> he spent the last month 63 feet below the ocean surface. they were studying the effects of climate change on coral reef. he started decompression yesterday. one town is up for sale. it's located in a prairie with a population of two. it includes a bar, a garage that serves as a tire shop and a house, and it's selling for 399 the thousand dollars. back in its day the town had 40 residents. >> back in the day? >> back in the day. >> is anybody there now? everyone is gone. >> two people. two people. >> their bags are packed. all right, see you later. nasa has launched it's first space craft to among for carbon dioxide, the culprit behind global warming. they hope the mission will help them understand exactly why. >> reporter: carbon die i don' dioxide is an integral part. over the last 200 years it has increased steadily. the last time we saw today's levels, over 400 parts measur per million was 15 million years ago. that's why understanding how carbon dioxide behaves is critical. >> the carbon dioxide dumped into the atmosphere is disappearing somewhere. it's going to the ocean, we know that from measurements. but it's going into forests, trees, grass lands, somewhere. but we don't know where. >> reporter: to help answer that question they have launched their orbiting carbon observer. there are 300 monitoring stations but this satellite allows scientists to locate every carbon dioxide on the planet every two weeks. and it provides 100 times more data than originally available. >> thwe will split that light into a thousand small fractions of a wavelength of light in three different bands to see the unique print of the absorption of the carbon dioxide. >> reporter: it will provide around 100 times more data than currently exists, and it's hoped that this will give a better insight between human and natural sources of the gas, also where and how it's absorbed, in an important part of the climate change buzz. >> well, coming up we'll look back at the civil rights act 50 years after it became law, and a look of what was head for the u.s. men's world cup soccer team. ech know. >> we're here in the vortex. only on al jazeera america. >> just two days before the anniversary of signing of the civil rights act. how far have we gone in 50 years? >> let's just say that we're better off than we used to be. our story focuses on a special moment in american history far removed from today's discord in washington. that moment when republicans and democrats and a president came together. >> i urge every american to join in this effort to bring justice to all our people. >> you. >> they signed a law that was supposed to fix. >> prior to 1964, americans live with racial apartheid, particularly in the south. they were second class citizens. title two outlawed discrimination. month morno more separate waiting rooms and water fountains. title seven outlawed employment discrimination. in the south it was a life and death struggle. four innocent girls were killed in an alabama church targeted by the ku klux klan those crimes brought more civil rights protesters to the streets. they have a right to expect that the law will be fair. >> we think about the civil rights also. >> reporter: five months after kennedy proposed new legislation he was assassinated. seven months later three civil rights works were murdered in mississippi. they were trying to challenge unfair voting practices. a provision not part of the civil rights act of >> the civil rights laws that were passed 50 years ago did not pass in those areas. now we passed laws that says now everyone can run the race. but if you have folks who ran the race and then you say we're going to take the ankle weights off the rest of you, that's not fair race p the people with the head start get to keep accumulating wealth. >> deon butler grew up in new orleans, and she talks about how it impacted her life. >> the movement is very rich and very old. this is the slaves got off the ships. this is where slaves were sold. so it was not a beautiful history. i was nine years old when the civil rights act was signed in 1964. i was aware of some of the vicious activities taking place in other parts of the south, and it was frightening. and it was encouraging at the same time because it seemed like this was a big thing that was happening that was going to change my life and the life of other people that i knew. woolworth's lunch counter was one place i was not allowed to sit. i remember going past those after shopping. but i remember after the signing of the civil rights act in 1964 i didn't have to go up to the mezzanine to sit in the different area of some of the stores that we could sit at at the lunch counter. i would see her registering for school as the first african-american child in this all-white school. there was a mob of people protesting. there were plane who had dragged their children out of the school. they did not want their children to be sitting in the same classroom as an african-american child. i look at that picture today, and as an adult it is inspiring. i think more adults should have that strength. >> so the run is over for the u.s. men's soccer people. we'll hear from tim howard about the future and show you the hilarious hashtag that he stars in. ray suarez is in washington with a look ahead to the tonight's inside story. >> ukrainian president petro poroshenko said that he's determined to quail th quale the unrest in his country. it is a war on words and real live bullets. we're live at the top of the hour. join us for inside story. >> all of these people shouldn't be dead... >> it's insane... >> the borderland marathon only at al jazeera america >> hundreds of days in detention. >> al jazeera rejects all the charges and demands immediate release. >> thousands calling for their freedom. >> it's a clear violation of their human rights. >> we have strongly urged the government to release those journalists. >> journalism is not a crime. you. >> all right, it is what it is. the world cup dream for team u.s. is over this year, it was a heartbreaking loss with belgium. 2-1 in extra time. >> now we have a couple new heroes floating around the country. let's meet two of them. >> team u.s. may have lost tuesday's match, but one man is a hot new ticket tim howard punched, kicked, and even chested his way into the world cup record books with 16 saves. yes, i know he let two slip by, but come on the guy is a national hero, right? >> our heads are held high because we could not have played administer. we played phenomenal game, and everybody gave everything that they had. >> howard, the man of the match, almost broke twitter with 2 million tweets about him around the game. but what about the 19-year-old goalscorer. with with his first touch to the ball slams it into the net. >> it was an awesome moment at the end our goal was to go into the next round, and we didn't make it. >> captured live on the show yesterday the crowd going wild in new york. that goal must have offered some relief to the head coach who took a lot of heat for bringing a youngster into the 2014 squad. >> that's normal in soccer, that people talk. i'll just give my best on the field today and i'm happy i scored. >> feeling the love from the fans in the stand and back home is what world cup soccer is all about. >> we were motivated by that. we were inspired. it gave us hope. and it was special. >> americans bought more world cup tickets than any other nation besides the host brazil. but does it bring bright future to the game at home between now and the world cup in russia in 2018. >> it shows a lot where soccer has come this is still a very young and exciting team with a lot to offer. >> tim howard. and so famous. he's known around the world. some scallawag put this on out. this is tim howard as defense secretary. they graced us with a response. josh earnest said, i don't have any personal announcements to make but i think secretary hagel agrees that tim howard demonstrated an ability to repeal attacks and the athleticism, lest there be any concern chuck hagel is still the defense secretary. >> there you go. sit back and relax. let's get you some tea going here. tim howard also kicked off. >> reporter: tony, tim howard could save 16 of shots on goal, what else could he save? leave it to the people on internet to come up with that. saving luke from darth vader. or my fossa in "the lion king." and this wa this is tim howard saving bambi and then there is the blow out on the wheel there. and also you've got him saving the planet earth here. now here is a high school yearbook photo. he graduated in 1997, and underneath it says it will take a nation of millions to hold me back. and today tim how wards tweeted this out. i'm proud to suit up with everyone of these guys. it was a tremendous honor to represent this country and a ride i'll never forget. >> 1998--he put this up in '97. so you know. >> there go. i appreciate it. there it is. al jazeera america. i. >> just wait until there is a new election. there will be new chosen leaders. it's a month since the voters
isn't over yet. >> it was a violent day in the middle east. [ explosions ] >> dozens of people were injured in fighting between palestinian and israeli police in east jerusalem. the violence began after a 17-year-old palestinian boy was murdered. his family suspects he was killed in an act of revenge after the deaths of three israeli teens in the west bank. >> reporter: palestinians who live in east jerusalem took their anger to the street. they had just learned about the murder of a 17-year-old boy, his family accuses jewish settlers of killing him. >> reporter: between 3:30 and 4:30 a.m. mohammed was walking to the mosque. a car stop and men came out. they forced him inside and drove off. >> reporter: israeli border police tried to curb the angry rioters. dozens of people were injured. the killing happened less than two days after the bodies of three jewish is it settlers were found. the palestinian officials argue that the israelis are responsible for the latest round of violence. >> the israeli politician create destructive atmosphere and we'll go to all means to protect our rights and our people. >> reporter: israeli prime minister benjamin netanyahu called the murder as a rep reprehensible crime, and he called on all sides not to take the law into their own hands. people here are worried that this already serious situation may escalate. it's now up to israeli and palestinian leaders to insure that that doesn't happen. >> palestinians and gaza are also reacting to the teenager's death. right now there are anti-israel protests in gaza city, and nick schifrin is there. >> reporter: this is downtown gaza city, and there are 2,000 to 3,000 hamas supporters who have come out with two messages. one of defiance. there have been dozens of israeli airstrikes around gaza, and these people are here to show that they're not scared to come out. it's also a show of solidarity with palestinians who are protesting in east jerusalem after the death of that 17-year-old. right now these people are very calm. there have been a lot of messages of defiance by hamas, officials from the stage asking for everyone's support. now at the same time this has been happening there has been violence from the border. only a couple of miles that way. there has been 15 or 18 rockets depending on who you ask flown from gaza into israel. according to the israeli army almost all of those have fallen in empty fields. there is a bit of an understanding between hamas and israel, that so long as the rockets and missiles don't hit people or towns, but it's feared if those rockets hit any towns then the situation could escalate. >> the white house condemned the killing of the palestinian teenager as a despicable act and urges leaders to prevent the violence from escalating. >> the white house condemns in the strongest possible terms the murder of the palestinian teenager. we send our condolences to his family and palestinian people. we call on the government of people and the palestinian authority to take all necessary steps to prevent an atmosphere of revenge and retribution. >> prime minister nouri al-maliki said that the there is a threat to the entire middle east. secretary of state john kerry met with kurdish leaders in washington. mike viqueira with us from the white house. mike, what would it take for the administration to send the airstrikes that the iraqi government has been asking for. >> reporter: it's been more clear in the last few weeks and even the last few days that president obama is loathed to get the u.s. military involved in there is no resolution in baghdad among the iraqis there in the government. nouri al-maliki, of course, there was the election in april. they met yesterday. it resolved in acrimony. now they're trying to form a government. now the u.s. government is loathed to get involved unless they can pull a rabbit out of their habit hat, and it is clear at this point they're not able to do that. until there is unity with iraqis, it is very unlikely that these airstrikes would go forward. the question i pose today to the spokesman today, even if baghdad were to fall, and remember the pentagon said that the isil forces are pressing from the north and the west, would the united states still stand by that? here's what he had to say. >> the vulnerability of one particular city in iraq is one that is difficult for me to assess. but suffice it to say the reason why i called it an existential threat is not just the security situation on the ground but because of the broader conflict that is being played out here. that what isil was doing is that they are perpetrating terrible acts of violence, and they're also trying to play upon the old sectarian divisions in an effort to pull the country apart. >> the existential threat to iraq is not just the isil militant forces pressing towards baghdad, but also the division within iraq. >> mike, officials from the president o were active today. >> reporter: president obama made a call to king abdullah and talked about the need for unity among the iraqis, to join together and to fight the isil. secretary kerry kerry met with h officials in northern iraq urging them to stay part of the government now. fresh calls for the kurds to separate once and for all from the rest of iraq. there was also a call from vice president biden calling a power broker within the baghdad political world, the former speaker of the iraqi parliament, trying to get him to do what he can to get those forces, those desperate forces to come together in unity in government. >> this is not a secular government batting extremists. many ethnic sunnies feel marginalized, we have more. >> reporter: he says he is a target because he is a sunni, and those from anbar feel particularly betrayed by prime minister nouri al-maliki. this former officer once served in saddam hue taken's army. he said the sunni rebellion will not end until their rights are restored. >> we would continue the war unless violence weakness. we're willing to deal with shia leaders but maliki must leave power. we've been humiliated enough. >> reporter: they viewed the demonstrations that had spread to other sunni areas as a threat. the government responded with force and said it was fighting militant groups. the province has been a battleground since the start of this year. armed groups pushed the iraqi army out of sunni heartland in early june, but many say the rebellion started in anbar. 300,000 people were displaced by the conflict there. >> reporter: many of them stay in motels, it has been six months and families say they have spent most of their savings and they will have no choice until they leave anbar. the men here don't want to reveal their identities because they were serving in the iraqi police force. >> most of the sunnies who joined the army and police for a salary, they weren't loyal to the government. they laid down their arms when the government attacked the people. but they were then threatened by armed men for collaborating with the state. >> reporter: there was a time when anbar cooperated with the government to rid their province of al-qaeda fighters. years later they say they regret ever trusting maliki. they say the government didn't stop targeting them and their leadership. today's "fault lines" are not new. and this family like many iraqis fear, reconciliation may be too late. al jazeera. >> hundreds of tons of chemical weapons from syria are now one step closer to being destroyed. today crews report in southern italy move cargo containers so the u.s. ship cape ray. jacob ward has a look at how this process actually works. >> reporter: moving things around at sea is incredibly complicated. the average containership can carry 400 tons of cargo and the cape ray is only carrying 600 tons of chemical weapon agents. so it's a small load, but it's the ocean that creates chaos. any where from 200 to 600 container fall overboard in rough seas. so going out to see with cargoes as dangerous as in is a sobering one. they'll take on chemicals including sulfur mustard and df, a precursor agent for sarin, and nerve agents. there are two ways to destroyed chemical weapons. most common is using fire. a contained pressurized unit has to heat the chemicals to extreme temperatures. and the ash is locked away as hazardous waste. but the cape ray is equipped with what are called hydrolysis unit. it remains hazardous but they can't be used to make weapons. the cape ray has two portal hydrolysis units on board. they were success tomorrow designed just for this purpose by the two top institutions in the country when it comes to horrible chemicals. it will take those hydrolysis units 60 days to process the chemicals. it wilit's a really scary process, and for whoever it is out there assigned to handle this stuff while the sea moves beneath them, this is a beginning of a very tense couple of months. >> the libya man charged with the attacks on u.s. consulate will remain in jail. has he's attorney argued that prosecutors have not provided evidence that he was involved in the attack, but a federal judge denied his release. in murrieta, california, there are plans to discuss illegal immigrants. have you seen pro tesser protesters where you are today. what should we expect from this down hall meeting? >> in the last 35 to 45 minutes we have seen a small group of protesters arriving outside the processing facility here. they're carrying an american flag, but for the most part they're being pretty quiet in keeping to themselves. but their message is quite clear. they're taking a "not in my backyard" stand against the federal government's plan to bring undocumented detainees to this processing center in their town. this is a town of 100,000 people, and many of the residents are making it clear that they are not in support of this plan. the town hall meeting is scheduled to happen later tonight at the high school. we expect to hear from federal immigration officials. some of the questions we expect to be talked about are what is the plan to house, clothe and feed the detainees, and what are the plans for medical treatment if the detainees require it. i spoke to a mayor today, he said that this facility is not large enough to accommodate the number of detainees that the federal government plans to bring here for processing. this morning i had a chance to go to a local donut shop in the hold historic part of town, and i met a group of old timers, as they call themselves. they meet at this donut shop every morning. they're very well informed on what's going on and they also have very strong opinions. they told me that they want to make one thing clear. they are not protesting against the migrants. they're protesting against what they say is a failed policy on the part of the government. >> so jennifer a quick question, the original plan was that these buses would be the first of many coming to the town over the next few weeks. is that still the plan? >> reporter: well, tony, i'm smiling right now because that's the question that everybody is asking today, including the town's mayor. >> as far as we know, murrieta is still a destination point for the immigrants. we have no plan. homeland security has never given us one bit of information. all of our information has been coming from the local office on a last-minute's notice. >> reporter: originally, the plan was to prepare for busloads to arrive every 72 hours. the next busload scheduled to arrive july 4th, is that still going to happen? we don't know. custom and border patrol is not talking. and the mayor has not been given any information either. >> live from murrieta, california. the controversy comes two base after president obama announced he would by pass congress to tackle immigration reform. did he so after house speaker john boehner said that lawmakers would not vote on a an immigration bill this year. take a moment and talk about the significance of latino in. u.s. politics. >> they're looking at the pictures of immigrants being denied, and they comprise 17% of the u.s. population, but many latinos, though, are too young to vote and are not citizens so hispanic make up 11% of the eligible voting population. but there is a huge effort to get more eligible hispanic voters registered. that's why you hear so many republicans talking about the republican party facing a huge challenge in 2014 and 2016 if the republican party is not seen by latino voters as supportive of immigration reform. keep in mind in 2012 hispanic voters went to democrats three out of every four. three out of every four. on the slip side hispanic are concentrated in large states including california, florida and texas, that means the hispanic political power is diluted elsewhere. if you look at the battleground states where thanksgiving could determine the control of the senate. anti-immigration candidates in particular states and districts can afford to anger latino voters, play up to the tea party, and they don't have to worry so much about significant election coming. >> you're suggesting standing against immigration reform might be a winning strategy in some districts in the country? >> particularly some conservative districts and some very conservative states. again there is a certain danger that the republicans have in this. never mind that they're not going to take up immigration reform. latino groups are futurated that the house won't take up something that the senate has already passed. it's the law of the united states that you can't turn these buses around and send them across the border. everyone is entitled to immigration hearings. so the politics gets a little tough because they say, hey, we support the law, and you have to support the law in terms of how you spend them back. >> thank you. foreign ministers from russia, ukraine, germany and france agreed on cease-fire in ukraine. nick schifrin is there with more on today's meeting. >> reporter: before the talks german diplomats were playing down hopes saying that they should not expect any significant steps, and then came a surprise, the foreign ministers involves in the talks from ukraine, russia, germany and france said that there would be three-way negotiations before saturday involving the armed fighters in the east of the country who are pro russian or anti-kiev, and this is something new. it remains to be seen whether or not these fighters would be willing to engage in the talks, whether russia really speaks for them or any other country because they've been invited to participate in discussions before, and declined the invitation. that said, sanctions are still on the table. and russia appears to be giving in to some western pressure. offering ukrainian border guards and the organization for security and corporation in europe the opportunity to come to the russian side of the border to make sure that men and material are not coming through. they said wednesday level three sanctions definitely was something that the european union was considering, and they would target th the energy sector. >> we have weather, that's next. and nasa's mission to monitor carbon dioxide levels. >> well, watches and warnings are now in place as tropical storm arthur continues to strengthen. arthur is the first named storm of the season, and it comes as americans get ready to go to the beach for the independence holiday. >> meteorologist: it looks really to be the same track that we saw yesterday at this time. let's take a look at the satellite. you notice how it's developing here with the circulation there. winds are 70 mile-per-hour. that's less than a hurricane. we need 74-miles an hour to make this a hurricane. the storm is making it's way towards the north. we do have warnings and watches along the coast from sout south carolina, north carolina, and most of north carolina is dealing with hurricane warnings. the reason being it's going to be north carolin north carolina that the storm is going to be closest to. you can see right now a storm is going to be tracking very close. we think that's going to happen friday morning at 2:00 a.m. the but the storm is moving quite quickly. from 2:00 a.m. on friday to 2:00 p.m. on friday afternoon notice how quickly that storm moves out of there. so we're going to get a lot of wind. we'll get a lot of storm search with this storm but for most people traveling down to this area i think their vacations will be salvaged. >> thank you. nasa launched it's first spacecraft to monitor carbon dioxide. as you know it's the culprit of global warming. >> carbon dioxide is an integral part of the atmosphere. it's levels have truck waite wait--fluctuated over the past, but over the last 200 years it has increased steadily. the last time we saw today's levels, 400 parts per million were 15 million years ago. the cardon di dioxide is disappearing somewhere. it's going into the ocean, and it's going into the bio sphere, forests, trees and grass lands, somewhere, but we don't know where. >> reporter: to help answer that question nasa has launched its observatory. it will provide 100 times more data than currently label j you can imagine the sun shining and back up to our instrument. that's the light that we receive to make these instruments. we split that into a thousand small fractions of a wavelength of light in three different bands to see the unique fingerprint of the absorption of carbon dioxide. >> reporter: it will provide around 100 times more data than currently exists. and it's hoped this will give us a better insight into both human and natural sources of the gas. also about where and how it's observed, an important unsolved part of the climate change puzzle. >> target is asking customers to leave their guns at home. the company issued a statement saying it wants to promote a safe environment. the request applies to every customer even those living in states with conceal and carry laws. target has faced increasing pressure from moms demand acti action. and they've asked target to ban shoppers from carrying weapons inside stores. coming up, four teenagers murdered in the middle east. we'll hear about the cycle of violence and revenge. also why a team of filmmakers and explorers spent a month unde underwater. that's next. >> returning to our top story there were fierce clashes in east jerusalem after a palestinian teen was abducted and killed. dozens of people were hurt in fighting between angry palestinians and israeli forces. palestinians accuse israelis of killing the 17-year-old in revenge for the deaths of three israeli teens whose bodies were found in the west bank on monday. earlier i spoke with a former spokesperson for the palestinian liberation organization. i asked her for her thoughts on all the violence that has occurred since the three israeli teens were kidnapped. >> the biggest problem right now there is no one protecting the palestinians. israelis go through city by city, destroying houses, rampaging, conducting mass arrests of palestinians, killing over 11 palestinians including children, and throughout this period no one has said to israel that what they're doing is illegal. my fear is that israel has been give the green light by the international community. unless a red light is shown in the form of sanctions or some other form we'll continue to see this spiral out of control. >> you mentioned sanctions. are there any other options and how palatable of an option are sanctions at this point? >> they are most definitely an option. we have to keep in mind that this is not happening as a political context, which is the 47-year denial of freedom to the palestinians. there have been numerous u.n. security council resolutions against israel but the problem is there has never been any teeth in any of those resolutions. i think that the united states can and should be doing more to put pressure on israel. >> that was diana buttu, a former spokesperson for the palestinian liberation organization. west africa is seeing it's worst outbreak of ebola since 1976. the outbreak began in ginea, and since has spread to liberia and sierra leone. >> officials are disposing of what they call bush meat, fruit bats, monkeys, rats. they feel that it could be effecting everybody who eat it, but not everyone agrees. and the distrust is widespread. >> if we can't sell our meat our families are going to go hungry. we want our bush meat back. >> the center for disease control and prevention say that the outbreak is the most serious they have ever faced. >> what has happened over the past few months the infection has spread to multiple areas throughout all three countries and there is sustained transmission. >> reporter: they don't have specimen from this particular outbreak but they are studying the fruit bat which they believe is the host of fever-based diseases, cdc has been going to africa. people who chase down and identify patients. >> we know what controls these outbreaks. active identification of patients. getting them into proper treatment as soon as possible. and importantly following up with all the people they've had contact with, to monitor for symptoms to determine if they will become ill. >> they're urging drastic action and the cdc say a massive effort of multiple people on the grouped is required in each of the infected areas to identify the infected and slow down the spread of the ebola virus in which there is no vaccine and no cure. >> hundreds of thousands had gathered for the city's biggest pro-democracy rally. the organizers were accused of obstructing police. under the current system china will have to approve of any candidates in the position. in austria, a new round of talks began with six new world powers. the negotiations ended with little progress. the u.s. is leading attempts to make significant cuts to that program. iran said they won't accept excessive demands. and in indonesia human rights activists have filed a lawsuit against the election commission for allowing a former general to run in the upcoming presidential election. the nominee is suspected of taking part in abductions 17 years ago. >> he has a growing chance of becoming the next president. he portrays himself as a strong leader, but his candidacy is being disputed. he is accused of being behind kidnappings in 1998. her father is one of 13 people not seen since. she reads a poem for him. >> how can a person who is supposed to be held atible for crime against humanity. >> the national commission for human rights said that it has evidence that he is responsible for the kidnapping. but the case has yet to be brought to court. the honorary officer's council fired him from military in 1998. some members of the council say he was not put it on trial in the military court because he was the president's son-in-law. the second in command said that he is unsuitable to run for presidency. >> what if he becomes the president? all the people he doesn't like will be be kidnapped and disappear. if you ask me if it is dangerous for this country if he becomes president, i don't know. but based on my logic and experience i can see his behavior back then, and it has not changed. >> human rights activities say he should not be allowed to run for president, but he has denied his role in the kidnappings, and his popularity is increasing. when asked about the allegatio allegations, he refuses to answer. >> we're working hard. we're working hard. >> what is your comment about allegations against new 1998? >> okay, huh? >> there are many formal generals. >> the human rights allegations don't seem to affect his popularity. for many people it's considered a thing of the past. but for the victims and their families it's something that they carry with them every day. al jazeera, jakarta. >> a texas man pleaded guilty today to giving material support for acts of jihad. maria ines ferre has that story and other headlines making news across america. >> reporter: tony, the 23-year-old faces up to 15 years in prison. prosecutors say he admitted he wanted to engage in violent jihad. they said he used an internet chat room to recruit people to joint in the fighting. no sentence date has been set yet. the missouri governor sign vetoed a bill requiring a 72 hour waiting before an abortion. hundreds of people have evacuated their homes in nap is a county, california. a wildfire grew to 32 hundreds acres. five structures have been destroyed and another 400 are threatened. under 31 days fabien cousteau came out of a lab with flip flops and a beach towel. >> this has been successful on many levels. s been an extraordinarily difficult endeavor. now we have another chapter to tackle. but at the end of the day i feel it was extraordinarily successful. >> they spent the last month 63 feet below the ocean surface. they were studying the effects of climate change and pollution on a coral reef off the coast of florida. the crews started decompression yesterday. one south dakota town is up for sale. it's called swett, and it's located in a prairie with a population of two, that's right, two. it's too small for a post office but six acres of land includes a bar, a garage that serves as a tire shot and a house. it's selling for $399, and back in the day the town had 40 residents in the 30 30's and 40's. >> s well, tt, south dakota, that is a place where you could do a little dinosaur bone hunting. that could bring in some money. >> reporter: $399,000. you have that kind of money. >> we'll hear from tim howard about the future and show you the hilarious hashtag he stars in. >> it's insane... >> the borderland marathon only at al jazeera america >> i got to tell you brazil has been heavily criticized for up rooting thousands of people from poor neighborhoods in the run up to the world cup. some who were living on state-owned land were relocated while others were left homeless. we have more from rio. >> reporter: rio de janeiro's revamped stadium is a worthy venue for the millions watching the world cup. what most people don't see is what is left of the area, once a poor neighborhood of 700 families just across the train tracks from the stadium. it was demolished by city officials supposedly to make way for shops, restaurant, and parking for the world cup. it's where we met this woman a year ago shortly before she was evicted from her home. number 403 on the demolition list. they just see us as numbers, she told me. as an eyesore. with the world cup on the way, we went to look for her in the housing complex where she was forced to move. it looks new and modern but she is not happy. >> city hall did not educate people about their obligations. they just threw everyone together here. i pay my condominium fees but others do, so my water and electricity is cut. that didn't happen before. >> the new apartment is smaller, and worse yet, she doesn't own it. >> i am furious. before i owned my home. now in ten years if i pay monthly quotas, i may. but in the meantime i can sel i can't sell it or move anywhere else, or i lose everything. >> but at least she has a home. unlike this man and his wife. he shows us his pay slips to prove that he is no vagabond. just someone who cannot afford to pay rent on his wage. >> what do i think of the world cup? honestly it's an embarrassment in brazil because there are so many people with desperate needs. this is so a select few can make money while the middle and lower classes look on helpslessly. >> as for the shops and parking lots that were supposed to be built here there is nothing but the rat and ira rubbish infested remains. >> the world cup dreams for the u.s. is over. but it did not go down without a fight. and the country is talking about a few new soccer heroes. >> reporter: two in particular out of the whole team. two really--i suppose three. because the manager, he stands up. >> he gets pretty high marks. >> reporter: i think so, and he has a contract through the next world. >> that had to be there. >> reporter: there were two players who were absolutely outstanding, and we'll meet both of them right now. >> reporter: team u.s. may have lost the match to belgium, but one player is a hero. he had 16 stunning saves. yes, he let two slip by but he is a national hero. >> we played four phenomenal games, and last night everybody gave everything they have, and sometimes you don't win, but we're proud of ourselves. >> he singl single-handedly almost broke twitter with millions of tweets around the world about him in the game. and i. >> it was an awesome moment for me to play in the world cup. the goal is to get to the next round. we didn't make it. i was sad about that. >> he was caught live on the tony harris show yesterday afternoon. the crowd going wild at a watch party in new york. that goal must have offered some relief for the head coach, who took a lot of heat for putting green and other youngsters into the 2014 squad. >> that's normal at successor. i just give my best on the field today, and i scored a goal. i'm very happy about it. >> feeling the love from the fans in the stands and back home is what world cup soccer is all about. >> we were motivated by that. we were inspired. it gave us hope and recognition that we were doing it for more than ourselves, and it was special. >> americans bought more world cup tickets than any other nation besides the host, brazil, but does it herald a bright future for the game here at home between now and the next tournament in russia in 2018? >> it really says a lot about where soccer has come in our country. it's exciting to see what the future holds. this is still a very young and exciting team with a lot to offer. >> with a lot to offer as has tim howard. and go tim howard. now today some scallawag posted on wikipedia, take a look at this. >> you scallawag. >> that is a picture of tim howard for department of defense. someone changed it. a here we now have a picture of you with chuck hagel. saying congratulations, well done. and a side note not often the united states is in the footnote, but the presidents will called tim howard. >> he did? >> and also the team captain dempsey saying well done on the way you deported yourself representing the country. >> well, it was always going to be a challenge to, a, get out of the group of death, and they did that just fine. >> they could have won yesterday. they did very well holding belgium off for a full 19 minutes. >> thank you. now tim howard kicked off this hilarious hashtag all over the place today. maria is back with that. >> reporter: if tim howard was able to make an amazing 16 saves, what else can he save? fans came up with a hashtag for his awesome performance #things that tim howard could save. things like this, luke skywalker from darth vader. and jaws trying to attack this woman here. and he was able to save muffasa from the lyon king, and here is tim howard saving the day. and he can even save the entire world and planet earth. now redit found his high school picture. and tim howard tweeted this out today. i'm proud to suit up with every one of these guys. it's a tremendous honor to represent this country and a ride i'll never forget. thanks for joining and many fans on twitter said, no, thank you, tim howard. >> can you--i know you're probably in contact with him on twitter because you're used to being on social media. can you accepted him a twitter or it was do you call it, a tweet? can you sav--can he save us from a world of kardashians? >> i'll ask him. >> thank you. 50 years ago today president lyndon johnson signed the civil right act into law. and then there is "real money with ali velshi." >> if you can swing a hammer, there might be a boss out there looking to hire you. i'm breaking down the number news on jobs in america. and why cutting edge companies say hiring people with autism can be key to innovation and good for business at the same time? all that and more on "real money." >> al jazeera america presents the system with joe berlinger >> i think the prosecutor has the greatest power of anyone anybody in our society >> lawyers are entrusted to seek the truth... >> i did't shoot anybody, i don't have anything to do with nothin' >> but some don't play by the rules >> the way the courts have treated him, made me sick >> and it's society that pays the price >> prosecutors have unique power to take away your personal liberties >> i just want justice... >> the system with joe burlinger only on al jazeera america >> it has been exactly 50 years since president lyndon johnson signed the civil rights act into law. it made it illegal to discriminate based on sex, race, religion. >> today eleanor norton is a long time member of congress representing washington, d.c. but half a century ago she was a civil rights activist helping to organize the march on washington and registered black voters in mississippi, bushing for equality. then came the signing of the civil rights act in 1964. >> this was a monumental year. >> how much of a difference did the civil rights act make? >> oh, boy, it made a profound difference. to see us move from an extraordinary hostility to having for now the first african-american president in office. that is a period of great change. >> reporter: as barriers came down black americans made progress. in 1964 about a quarter of blacks over age 25 had graduated from high school. now it's 85%. college completion rose from 4% to 21%. and median family income jumped by 63%. still by any measure a quality gap remains. americans have higher graduation rates, lower poverty rates and higher incomes. >> the metrics of opportunity can be discouraging when you think about what it means to achieve equal opportunity in american life. >> for wade henderson who leads the leading civil rights organization. the battle is to insure what was once gained is not lost. she's writing a key section overturned by the u.s. supreme court last year. >> we see laws deliberately enacted to inhibit the right to vote. there's no question that there are some who want to turn back the clock. >> clearly america will never return to the nation it was 50 years ago. but it is still struggling to fulfill the promise that so many fought for. >> deon butler grew up in a time of segregation. she is a native of new orleans with family roots that date back to the 1700s. she took time to reflect back on how the civil rights act affected her life. >> it was at the forefront. many people don't know the history of the move, and it is very rick and it is very old. this is where the slaves got off the ship. this is a the place where the slaves were sold. i was 19 years old when the civil rights' act was side in 19634 n. it was frightening and encouraging at the same time because it seemed like this was a big thing that was happening that was going to change my life and the lives of people that i knew. woolworth lunch counter was not a place where i was allowed to sit. but after the signing of 1964 i didn't have to go up to the mezzanine. we could sit at the counter. i remember this picture of the first registered african-american child in an all-white school. there was a mob of people protesting. many of them had dragged their children out of school. they did not want their children to sit in the same classroom as an african-american child. i look at that picture today, and as an adult inspiring. i think most adults should have more. this is tony harris. thanks for being with us. if you have any questions about any of the stories we've covered during this news hour head over to www.aljazeera.com. "real money with ali velshi" is next. . >> bosses in america are hiring like we haven't seen in months. what's interesting isn't so much the kinds of jobs being filled but the types of companies. and america caught off guard by the recent up rising in iraq. i'll tell you why we could have seen this coming about a hundred years ago. and parents, kids living at home may be able to afford to move out soon. i'm ali velshi,
murder. what will it take to end the cycle of violence. >> a court case changes the fracking landscape. what it means for the industry and the fight hay gaines it. plus, summer nights. they live in shelters and on the streets. the story of a summer camp for homeless children. we begin in southern california, where hundreds at a town hall meeting are speaking out about undocumented immigrants. meanwhile outside the meeting there are protests. at least 400 people have been kept out of the meeting because it rasped full capacity. the debate inside and out has been loud, it's about whether it is appropriate to keep immigrants from being transferabled into the city. yesterday residents lined up to block buses carrying more than 100 migrant families. city leaders say it's a murden and safety con -- burden and safety concern. we go to the town hall where a meeting is taking place. jennifer. >> david, tonight we are seeing a city divided. the crowd behind me that you can see - this is the overflow crowd held outside for no other reason than there wasn't enough room in the auditorium. we have seen equal parts for and against bringing the undocumented detainees here. the shouting on both sides of the debate as loud as the or. all around town, this is all that anyone has been talking about. >> reporter: every morning at vit ae donuts these friend meet for the board meeting. >> on this morning. i joined them as they discussed how the suburban city between los angeles and san diego became a flashpoint. >> who is going to pay for all this. >> they need to go back to their own countries. our government should be more forceful in taking them back to their countries. and making them understand that it's not worth trying to come back again. >> they are talking about the undocumented immigrants homeland security tried to bring to mary eta this week. >> they shouldn't have been brought here in the first place. it should have been stopped at the border. >> reporter: the not in my backyard stand from moving migrant families to holding centers in texas to this place in mary yetta reached critical mass on tuesday. the group arrived in a charter plane and boarded three buses for an hour's drive. they never made it inside. an angry crowd draped in american flags and waving protest science blocked the buses, forcing them to turn around. >> u.s. citizens have to pay taxes, higher taxes to support these people. it's not care. we can't take care of our open. >> bus loads of families from central america were taken to a different customs processing facilities 80 miles away. the major says the anger is directed at the immigration policy, not the immigrants themselves. >> we have a federal policy not being enforced and broken. we are standing up against the federal policy or the lack thereof. >> back at the doug nut shop people are concerned about what happens after the detainees are brought for processing. >> customs and border control is bringing this statement:. >> for now the city with the motto the future of southern california is struggling with what that future holds, for residents that say they are caught in the cross-hairs and migrants at the center of an unfolding humanitarian crisis. >> jennifer london reporting. we will keep you posted on how the meeting develops and we'll make it back to gepp fer and one of the city leaders. now overseas to israel. there was violence today in jerusalem, as simmering tensions between israelis and palestinians erupted. >> palestinians took to the streets in response to the killing of 17-year-old mohammed. his family sis jewish settlers killed him in retaliation for the kidnapping and murder of teens. today palestinianians condemned the murder calling it despicable promising whoever was involved will be brought to justice. israeli troops searching for three israeli teens ult lil murdered launched an investigation, today the palestinian frustrations were on full display in gaza. nick schifrin is there with the latest. >> this is the end of a hamas rally in downtown gaza, there has been 2,000-3,000 people for the last hour or so listening to two messages from hamas officials. one of defines. israeli war planes and gunships attacked gaza in the last couple of days. more than two dozen strikes. the people of gaza willing to come out despite the attacks. it shows a solidarity with the palestinians protesting in east jerusalem. those people were protesting the death of a 17-year-old. a lot of people here showing solidarity. as this rally has come forward, the violence continued on the border, a couple of miles from here. the israeli army said a couple of dozen rockets have been released. so far that's all they have targeted, including empty fighting group training ground. the fear is if any of those missiles fall into israeli towns, the escalation could increase quickly. >> nick schifrin reporting. tonight israel appears to be responding to the rocket attacks from gaza. there are reports of half-a-dozen israeli air strikes. most aimed at unoccupied training grounds. residents say israeli war planes remain in the skies above. joining us now is robert o'brien, serving as u.n. delegate focussing on the conflict. the condoll appses from the palestinian authority, not hamas, over the deaths of three israeli teenagers, how far does that go in terms of soothing continuingses. >> i think it helps, and a few years ago there was a terrorist attack by a rogue jordanian soldier, and i remember king hussain, king abdullah's father coming to israel and apologising to the israeli families, going a long way towards bridging the gap between israel and jordan, helping to restrain some of the harsh feelings that resulted. i think it's helpful the big problem is hamas, you have a kidnapping and murder. hamas encouraged kidnapping so there is a significant minority among the palestinianians that welcomed this. i think that's going to create a problem going forward for the peace process. in part, hamas is part of the unity government, so it sounds like the palestinian authority, those that are not smath et, that will align themselves with qatar are squeezed by this. >> this was a step background. they were gaping momentum, there has been disinvestment campaigns that met in the u.s. or entered into by churches and universities, yet this happened and the kidnappings and murders were applauded by supporters of the national unity government. that's a setback. i don't think the folks in hamas understand the horrible impact that that sort of behaviour has on israeli partners or the partners they'd like to have in a peace process, and it certainly doesn't do them favors abroad. this was a very big setback. president mahmoud abbas realises that. yet a lot of americans don't realise there are good connections between the binyamin netanyahu government and the palestinian authority. i want to play something that former israeli consule to new york said, when he talked about the breakthrough in terms of solving the case and figuring out what happened. >> i don't think israel could identify the bodies or identify the two. >> had it not been for intelligence level cooperation. >> that cooperation - how does israel and the palestinian authority build on that. pt united states is playing a key roll. we have advisors helping to train security fors serving as liaisons between the part and the -- palastinian authority, the killing. it's been made worse by the killing of the palestinian teenager. they have to do their best to muddle through. ultimately they are in the same neighbour hood. they have to work out a way to get along and ultimately restart the peace process. hamas clearly is not contributing anything positive to the process, but i think the palestinian authority and the israeli deposit, notwithstanding the high tensions that their communities are feeling because of the deaths, have to figure out a way to move forward and cooperate to avoid this sort of thing happening in the future making it difficult in the future to reach a resolution. >> robert o'brien on the cop flilent. we want to take you back to a town hall meeting in mary ata, where there was a bunch meeting. this sparked demonstrations pore and against the action. they are looking at pictures inside the town hall. a representative, the may jar was there. one res accident said she cannot understand why everyone cannot stand together. >> when it comes to children, you don't have a choice. i didn't have a choice. i wasn't legal at one point. we did it because we wanted to die for something. i thought it was worth it. we should stand together like it says in the u.s. one nation under god. everywhere is against each other. it shouldn't be like that. >> the mayor joins us now. mayor, first of all, clearly the community is divided. what do you believe should happen to the migrants that the federal government wanted to transfer to your city? >> good evening. thank you for inviting me to your show, it's a great honour. this is a divisive issue. and i think that what the federal government needs to do is really three things. we need to stop, we need to contain, we need to be humane. and if we implement the three aspects, we can get the handle of what is going on. that's lot of people in your community that thinks we can put the illegal immigrants back on buses. they are not entitled to due process, they must appear before an immigration judge. where should that happen if it doesn't happen in your town. where should that happen. >> the problem is putting aside politics, and this is what the biggest problem is. everyone is using this as a political pawn. our facilities cannot handle the influx of illegal immigrants that they want to ship into the city. it's inhumane. if you look at the process, any resident in my city, to treat humans, there will be fines and going to gaol. the holding cells are what it is. holding cells for criminals. there's no beds, no showers, no eating facilities, and there's literally crammed in a cell, eating on the floor. that's inhumane. >> so i have this clear. to answer your... >> there's a little bit of a delay. just to be clear. if the federal government were to provide facilities or trailers, if they were to build a facility for you and you didn't have to use it as a housing space for illegal immigrants, would the leadership of the town support be willing to house the illegal immigrants whilst being processed? >> it would be more of a welcome if they wanted to be housed, that's not what is being proposed. it's not processing. it's after the processing period in the neighbouring communities. we are not talking about temporarily holding shelter until they get the due process is court hearings. that's not what is happening. what is happening. they'll be processed and released into neighbouring cities. >> absolutely. with the federal government that is 100%. as i understand it the process includes the federal trying to make sure there's relatives in the united states, and paying for transportation for them to go to them. i'm not sure that they'll linger around your community. do you believe the appropriate way of protesting this is for some of the residents of your town to block a road, stand in front of buses and literally prevent the buses moving in? >> you know, irantically you want to -- ironically you want to brush aside the first question. they are one and the same. we are talking about following the laws. i'll just say this - i'm a latino, my heart breaks for this situation. i'm an american. i joined the military, i joined the united states marine corp to serve and defend the constitution and prohibit our laws, our way of life. and what the first question was is that this regard, these particular laws, and allow them to be released to the community possibly connect with alleged family members, maybe not. and the laws are okay to overlook, but being caught out about standing in front of buses. i don't condone whatsoever that it's so dangerous to stand in front of bus, but this is about the laws of our country. and i have to say that what needs to be asked is what's the influence, why are they wanting to come to america. what separates america from these nations. i believe it's because we are a nation of laws, and that is lacking. >> if you ask the immigrants they say... ..they say it's not about the laws in the united states, but the situation is so bad in hon dur awes and some of the -- honduras and the places that they are from, they are fearful for their lives and desperate. they are willing to go through hardships to get to the united states not because of the laws but they fear their own communities in strl america, right -- central america, right? >> you are 100% correct. that proves my point. they are not nations of laws. that's the reason why they don't have the freedoms. you are looking the a the protest behind us. we have two groups who are passionate about this issue. two groups. there has not been one arrest. they are allowed under the constitution to protest. this is a great thing. this is what makes america so great. if they have the ability to protest, regress for their country and fight their laws and make changes, their countries wouldn't be in the situation it is today. it's because of that, that's why they want to come to america, because we are a nation of laws. >> if you could address the people who are on the bus, who were not allowed to come to your community, who are in san diego, what would you say to them? what would i say to those particular individuals? if this were on the streets? >> no, the question is the people on those buses. the three buses turned away who saw americans with american flags protesting literally blocking the buses saying "we don't want you here", imagine what was going through their minds and what would you say to them? >> absolutely [ speaking foreign language ] my heart breaks for the situation that is happening. and i would be extremely apologetic because it is in my opinion that they are refugees, but if we use terms like refugees and be honest and say what they'll be refugees of, of an administration failing to uphold the laws of our country. we have to, like i said, back to my three points, we have to stop, detain and humane. we have to be humane. so many are so angry. we must not forget these are human being trying to do what is best for themselves and families, my heart goes out for them. this is not about my companionship about them. >> well said. thank you so much for being on the programme. good luck to you and the members of your community. we appreciate you joining us. >> people on the i would say off the carolina coast are being told to get out. here is a look at the storm from space. meteorologist is here with more on the storm. >> we got the newest update at 11 o'clock. and they are keeping it as a tropical storm. it's moving to the north a little faster. that means we'll see it strengthening going into the warm jet stream current. florida is picking up the showers. the rip tides are attention, these are the warnings we see. hurricane warnings, the ones in red mean that the winds are imminent. people in north carolina are going this. a lot of people are being evacuated. the beaches were not bad. we were deteriorating as we go through the evening. this is the track of the storm. i was going to stay up here, but it gets close to making landfall. whether it makes land fall, i'm not sure yet. that's why we have a cone of uncertainty. we are looking at a category 1 or weak category 2 storm as it makes its way early friday morning. once a storm moves to the north things are going to move out. friday is going to be a very, very wet day. then we may see a hurricane going up here. it's a rare occurrence. the storm is moving quickly we could see a lot of power lines and flooding. >> thank you. we have something of an early fireworks display in the skies over new york city. a thunderstorm rolled through bringing rain and lightening. here it is there aring a massive trike to world trade center, knocking out power to about 4,000 customers in the greater new york city area. >> coming up, taking on fracking. one state's landmark decision is now being called a game changer. plus accused of corruption. a former french president tellsize side. he's not holding back. in paris nicolas sarcozy is fighting back after being placed under investigation for claims of corruption, he took to the airwaves with a response. >> reporter: defending himself on prime-time tv nicolas sarcozy's recorded interview went out less than 24 hours after being placed upped formal investigation for corruption much. >> translation: i have never committed any act contrary to the principals of the republic or rule of law. >> reporter: nicolas sarcozy was released after 15 hours of questioning. he said in the interview that he was shocked? . >> translation: did i have to meet with two lady judges after 14 hours of questioning. >> reporter: it's adelaide he offered a judge a -- alleged he affidavit a judge a position in monaco after refusing information. some believe he's being unfairly treated. >> it's likely at the end that nicolas sarcozy will appear as a victim of some hostility. some are well-known, belong to a very left trade union. >> others say the judiciary overstepped his powers. >> translation: i don't think judges are how mucheding or plotting -- hounding or plotting against him. that doesn't surprise me. >> reporter: it's not clear that nicolas sarcozy will be charged, but it's the latest twist in a series of investigations that have tainted the image of a former president for some people in france. >> nicolas sarcozy has hinted he'd like to stand for president in 2017. here he said he'd take is decision on a comeback. investigations may play a part in that. >> we learn about an historical yirpy involving nazi germany, the germans held a photo contest to determine an ideal ar job baby. he was 6 years old when a photographer presented a picture of her. it was flashed in a popular nazi magazine. her mother was surprised. the family and the baby were jewish. the family admitted he entered the photo to spite the nazis. the family kept her hidden the nazis never heard her identity. she works now as a professor, she shared her story, the magazine and the baby photo to the holocaust memorial in israel. >> coming up, sign of the times. a ror on poverty in america and the big surprise of where it takes its greatest toll. >> and 50 years later, what is did then and what it means now. welcome back to al jazeera. i'm david shuster. coming up, fracking fight, the unprecedented ruling that could ban the drilling process in some new york towns. home for the summer - a camp that provide opportunities for homeless children. and a pawn shop for sneakers. we introduce you to the brain child behind this new booming business. in new york, the state's highest court ruled that individual towns can ban fracking. there has been a state-wide moratorium on the gas extraction. protests have been lobbying for communities po ban the practice. fracking opponents argued cities can use zoning laws. >> join us mr west, a company on the losing side. your reaction to the decision. >> obviously we were disappointed with the decision. the real losers in this decision are the land openers in new york who have mineral rights strapped. when a town board decides they can go against the energy policy in new york and shut down oil and gas development. >> can't the folks who want to access their miperral rights, they -- mineral rights, they can do what americans are supposed to do, vote out their city council. >> you are right. that's where the debate will go. you'll have some municipalities ban it. 40 or so municipalities in upstate new york that have adopted resolutions in favour of a drilling. we'll see that. we'll see the seesaw back and forth if new york opens you for business. >> a lot of fracking supporters believe that it's good for the economy. do you acknowledge that there is some environmental issue with fracking? >> every energy source has environmental issues in not done properly. we are in favour of, you know, the proper development of the resource using, you know, sound regulatory policies that protect the environment. when it's done right. it cap be done sax in an environmentally -- safely in an environmentally sound manner, and you get low-cost, clean-burping energy and you -- clean-burning energy, and you improve the environment. look at new york city, in the apartment complexes, swiping to natural gas. the mayor bloomberg led the charge and there has been an improvement in air quality. >> thomas west, an attorney. deborah gold berg is an attorney at earth justice. your group got the big victory. what about the argument from those that say fracking has helped the u.s. economy sh making us energy independent? >> it's not the issue in this case. the towns that were defending these lawsuits are small world towns. they are concern the about preserving the sustainable economies that they have developed. they have tourism, agriculture and this industry industrializes the areas. it's a point of no return. they want to protect the property and the community way of life. >> how do you respond to thomas who says fracking can be done safely and you can protect their way of life. >> we disagree with that. studies coming in, the more we know this is dangerous. there's air pollution, waste, dust. this is a drilling procedure going 24/#. it's a huge impact on people living nearby. it's one thing if it's in the middle of nowhere. if it comes into a populated area, it turps the community on its side. >> as a legal matter. they'll not be bound but we know that they'll look at the reasoning of the decision. we brought to the attention decisions in other states. we heard the decision in this case and a similar one coming out the pns will be used in litigation in hawaii. we expect this case to have an impact politically and we'll encourage communities to stand up for themselves. >> it feels like a case not decided on fracking but a town or community's rite to decide for themselves, do i have that... >> that's right. there's a long-standing tradition in new york of home rule, which gives the towns the right to define land use, which is what they do with their zoning. this industry was claiming that the rules that apply to every other industry in this up to, both of which have never allowed heavy industry, were going to - there's an exception made for them. and them alone. they were going so make the right to dictated to the communities. >> to the point where you know it. if a city or are town decides what they want to do they can. >> the law says that much the government we hope the government wept proceed swiftly with his decision, he'll wait for all the data. we are only now beginning to get the review studies that addresses the impacts. >> we think the caution to get the information if it goes forward. >> i want to bring thomas. >> is there ab impossibility of an appeal is there a plan to go in that direction? >> no. if this is a final word, the court of appeals is the highest court of the they have spoken. that's it. as we said earlier. the debate will go with the local level. i am sure the opposition groups will advance their cause and landowners will advance their cause, and the town boards will have to make the decisions. what we hope is when down disorders decide they are in favour of drilling, the opposition will respect that and allow it to go forward. >> will the opposition respebility that? >> the opposition will respect that. they are in a position to advocate with state and federal representatives to put controls on the industry. >> deborah is an attorney with earth justice that won the kourl of appeal today. thank you both for talking about this. >> new sep sis data shows an increase in the number of americans living in poor areas. the numbers are most discouraging in the south. nearly a third of americans living in southern states live in poverty areas. for more, here is jonathan betts. >> reporter: stunning numbers from the sepp suss bureau shows the spread of poverty in the united states. only a handful of states and 30% of their population live in areas. they live in places where neighbours are, 20%. over the next decade that exploded by 2010 take a look at this. it's poverty number barely moving up there were encouraging signs, washington d.c., louisiana, and west virmia, all still having high poverty rates. they are among a few places whose numbers shrank over the past decade. the study reveals a quarter of americans live in impoverished areas, and the country divided between the haves, and have not. >> thank you. >> many parents are paying top dollar to send their children to camp. there's a camp that is free. it's special. houm ward bound is the oldest camp in the country for homeless children. kids leave shelters to spend two weeks in the country. camp homeward bound director bevly and camper join us now in studio. thank you both. what is the significance of camp home ward bound for the children. >> it's important for all kids. for our children, just being able to regain their childhood is the most important part of our camp. the stresses of living in shelters can take its toll. when they come to camp they get to be kids. the basis of getting to be kids. >> you went to camp last summer, what is the favourite thing you did. my favourite thing i did was boating. swimming. mostly everything. the only thing i didn't like was the buzz. >> when i went to camp as a kid in upstate new york, i hated the bugs, and for me when i went to karm in upstate new york i never had been swimming in a big river. had you been boating or done that stuff before. >> yes. >> you this more experience than me. other are than the bugs, what did you not like about camp? >> everything else was pretty fine. >> you lined the other kids and making friends. did you go on any raids or anything like that? >> no. >> beverley, tell us about the camp - how long it's been in existence and what have you heard from people years later when they talk about the camp experience. >> we've been in existence for 30 years, this is our 30th anniversary. we've been reuniting with campers, and they - one young man, or older man, said his life was changed because of camp. he met people from all over the world, becoming a counsellor, they talk about it being a life line for them when they were going flow a tough time -- through a tough time, it's what they looked forward to. >> your life can be challenging going to school and dealing with everything. what was the biggest surprise about - was it nature. >> the outdoors. >> yes. >> yes. >> were the kids nice. did you make a lot of friends? >> yes. >> when i was a karmer, i would get -- camper we'd try to get together. do you have plans to see friends over the course of the year? >> no. >> what's the biggest difference, beverley, in terms of this camp, compared to the traditional sleep-over camps or camp where kids go away for a couple of weeks? >> it's similar. we offer all the things - swimming, boating, biking, video and activities. the difference is the staff and their commitment to the kids. they are not unlike this young lady. some come with a lot of baggage, dealing with domestic violence and that sort of thing. we don't give up on the kids. we have a high staff to camper ratio, and we help every kid go home feeling better about themselves than when they came. >> is it difficult raising money and getting the resources? >> it is hard. when someone is at camp, they think it's fun. it's so much more, it's personal growth and life skills, it is - foundations are looking to - you know, they want to support people going to college. camp is important so, yes, it is hard. so much about getting more campers to go is word of mouth. there are a lot of kids nervous about going to summer kmp or this camp. if someone is out there thinking should i go to the camp, what would you tell them? >> not to worry and be there. have fun. >> it's a place where you go get to have a lot of fun and you don't have to worry about some of your cares at home. and the take away, as far as the overall experience and what it means for the community? >> what has it meant for you? going to camp. it's being able to, for the children living in shelters, it's a haven. it's a place where they can just be themselves and we don't worry about any titles. they don't know - we don't think about it as a camp for homeless children as a camp for children. they get to be regular kids. >> nice to have you both on. beverley, director of camp home ward bound. and aniya was a camper last year and is going in had a couple of weeks. excited? >>. >> yes. >> what is the first thing you are going to do when you get there? boating, archery, swat mosquitos. food, cook out. cook hot dogs. >> activities. >> good, thank you for coming in. we appreciate you booping on the programme. july 2nd, 1954, on it date 50 years ago president lippedon johnson signed the civil rights act into war, making it illegal to distril nate based on racing colour sex and national ormgin. half a century lair, how much has changed. >> randall pinkston porps. >> i urge every american to join in this effort to bring justice and hope to all our people. >> reporter: july 2nd, 1954, president lundon johnson surrounded by congressional leaders souped a law that was supposed to fix what a civil war left updone. >> prior to 1964 the united states lived with rachial apartheid and particularly in the south, african-americans were nod capable of enjoying the rights that all other americans enjoyed. in other ward, they were second-class citizens. they had 11 sections aimed at providing african minister and other legal equality. title 2 outlawed distrim nicks, hotel, motels, restaurants, theatres, no more separate waiting rooms. title four gave the u.s. attorney-general power to segregate the schools, title 7 outlawed employment discrimination. the battle for civil rights was long and ugly. especially in the south where it was a life and death struggle. mississippi civil rights leader assassinated. four innocent little girls killed in an alabama church targeted by the clue clutch clan bringing -- ku klux clan, bringing outrage to the streets. >> we have a right to expect a community to be responsible, uphold the war. they have a rite to expect the constitution be colour blind. we have a rite to expect the civil rights to be bought and paid for in blood. it was only after the assassinationful president kennedy that action was possible. >> five months after president kennedy proposed new laws, he was assassinated. civil rights were murdered. there is a stronger effort together to stop potential attacks on jet liners bound for the united states. the department of homeland security called for tighter security at overseas airports. the department would not say whether the measures were related to an associated press report. according to the a.p. fighters in syria may have tried to develop a bond slipping past screening measures. a team of under water researcheses is celebrating. a group of aqua nouts spent a month, 50 feet below of the ocean. . >> andy gallagher reports from the florida keys. >> reporter: this is the first time in weeks that they are breathing fresh air and open skies. since the beginning of june he's been living and working 20 metres below the surface in "acquirious", a specially built laboratory. the idea using techniques that his grandfather jacque developed. >> i think he would have loved to talk to people, whether they were students, young at heart, or other skype tists around the world from aquarius. >> it's the advances in research na makes this significant. while scientists are living under water, they don't need to go through a process of decompression. months of reach can be done in weeks. the wak weigh naughts can put in a work day, staying si. to eight hours. they only need to go back to the habitats to get food. it is the om laboratory of its kind in the u.s. and expensive to run. the benefits outweigh the costs. aquanauts say in a month they'll introduce new findings, work that would take a year. in an eco system like the florida kees, it could make the dumps. less than 10% of the world's oceans have been explored. humanity ventures into one of the last big upknowns. . >> our picture of the day is coming up next. plus parents going for thousands. one teenager steps out with a business all his open. -- all his open. earlier we brought you up to date op what is happening with the storm. it will be a problem for parts of georgia, south carolina and north carolina as well. we saw a boundary pushing through the north-east, bringing down treats and power outages and flooding is a major problem. we saw in six hours, some locations over 2.5 inches of rain. for the next day or so,as we get ready for the holiday wand, we deal with arthur. more heavy rain for south carolina, north carolina as well as into the north. to the grate lakes it will be beautiful. we see high temperatures for chicago. 74, minneapolis at 76. friday, rain showers to the north. arthur is a problem. we'll see dangerous rip tides in that area as well as flooding is expected. once that storm goes through, we'll see new york at 81, atlanta and houston at 90. that's a look at the weather. your news is up next. british regulators are investigating facebook over its secret study of users, and officials from ireland and francaise they want to learn about the circumstances of the facebook study. in 2012 facebook users speeds were manipulated to show positive and negative posts. results show that people express different emotions based on what they saw. the problem is that facebook is under fire for experimenting on users without their knowledge. prays for collecting sneakers have turned them into high-prised objects. it created a cottage industry. for young people clak chase. he's 16 but on old pro. he had hundreds of pairs, and with business sense and help from his dad he opened a store, it's in harlem and called sneaker pawn. we spoke with chase and his father about trading sneakers for cash. >> it was started from a passion of clothes and led to let's build on it and start with snaekers. it became a love and a passion i have. this developed in let's open a store for the sneakers, it was me and my father. sometimes i would need money to buy clothes. basically he would be like i need the sneakers you bought and i need money. >> you want collateral. is that how the business operates, like a traditional pawn shop. >> exactly. me and chase started wean me and him. -- between me and him. after buying $400 sneakers and say "can i borrow $50", i said to myself, you know, give me a pair of them sneakers, and give me my $50 by the end of the week you can have your sneakers back. it clicked between us. imagine if you need money and others do. chase was bringing me pictures from instagram, showing me these kids and grown men sneaker clbzs, and i - once i saw that i knew - we may have something here. we ran and really started putting a business, sneaker pawn together. >> people are trading their sneakers. they get money for pawn dresses. tell me about this on the left. >> we'll start with the crown jewels. basically the sneakers come in a lovely box and retailed for 180. this was a special box for shoes, what is this. >> this is a box for crown jewels. it comes a box in a box t comes with a shoe bag, a shoe sock. it's signed by lebron james on the front. you now, you download the app. it comes with a lot of detail. >> how much volume, how much business are you seeing. what are you seeing in this. >> it's tremendous. we have every kind of kid. all kind of people coming into the store. i have seen kids graduating. on the way to the prom. two young ladies coming needing their hair done, and a vehicle for the prom. we take pride in that. we give them $200, and they've been back in 30 days. we help many people come through the pond. it's the first place in the world something like this ever, and it's nothing like that, where you can bring in your sneakers, get cash, and come back and get them in 30 days and keep the valuable collectibles. it's a brilliant concept. kopz for being in -- congratulations for being in here. sneakers today. it will be new york city land development in a couple of years. thank you for coming in. >> we couldn't decide on the picture of the day, so we have two of them. first in the outdoor category. a light show over manhattan. >> powerful strikes that hit the trade center are so powerful. now to our picture of the day. indoor category. secretary of defense, chuck hagel got on the phone to thank the goal keeper from the world cup team. a lot of people are calling howard the real secretary of defense given his performance in brazil. 16 saves in one match were the most by any goalkeeper in the history of the world cup. the real secretary of defense giving congratulations and looking for tips from the new cooper of the defence. "the system" with jeo berlinger is up next. bsh bsh bsh we do. >> al jazeera america.
>> the 72 hour cease-fire between israel and hamas is still holding. israel has agreed to extend it. this comes in the talks of a longer truce but the two sides have not reached an agreement yet u.n. secretary ban ki-moon demanded an end to the senseless cycle of ur suffering. we have more now from the united nations. >> this meeting was a chance for all u.n. member states to hear the latest information on gaza and to express their views. the meeting started with a serious of--a series of briefings. all recognizing israel security concerns in the region, but tended to focus on the suffering of palestinians on this confli conflict. we heard about the need of accountability for attacks on u.n. facilities in gaza. some goose were bombed, resulting in civilian casualties and we heard ban ki-moon and others call this for violation of international law and calling for accountability. we heard from officials about the need to lift the blockade from gaza and address the issues of palestinian rights which they say is fueling this cycle of violence. many member states also express these two points. the general assembly is not taking action on gaza. it's been relegated to the security council. the security council is toying with the idea of a resolution, but remains divided on the way forward. some members of the security council would rather wait and see how the talks in egypt play out. then respond to those talks. since the council is divided that means no action will be taken. >> hospitals in gaza are struggling to take care of the thousands of people who are wounded. we have reports now from gaza's main hospital. >> reporter: increasing numbers have come out to the streets here in gaza city and, indeed, along the gaza strip in this full day of 72 hour humanitarian cease-fire. people are going to banks to get cash, and seeking medical issues for sum ailments and skin problems, issues they have not received help for because hospitals have been so stretched dealing with the sheer volume of casualties since fighting began. still people are also paying attention to what's going on in cairo. they hope that leaders will be able to come up with some sort of agreement which will reach a peace that will see an end to this conflict. but many people are unconcern that they will see a lasting peace here in gaza. they say that the fighting can start at any time whether it's in days, months or even years, and have very little faith that war will not come back here. >> reporter: three brothers with three different diagnoses. the eldest receiving only cuts and bruises. the second oldest will need surgery but with the right treatment he should survive. but the youngest, his injuries are so bad doctors don't think he'll live long enough to see his second birthday. their cousin was also in the house where they were hit. >> these are just children. they did nothing. they since resist. they were just sleeping. [ baby crying ] >> reporter: mohammed cries out for his mother but she isn't there to console him. she and four others in the family die in the same attack. thousands of palestinian casualties are civilians and have called on world powers to determine if israel has quitted war crimes. medical workers say since the fighting began there have been a sharp increase in early bits. the doctors of the neonatal unit say they're struggling to keep the babies alive. >> one month into this conflict and close to 3,000 palestinian children are wounded. hundreds have been killed. medics say they desperately need help to save more children like mohammed. >> as you can see children badly affected by this conflict, the conflict which lasted nearly four weeks as we've been saying many people are paying attention to what's going on in cairo hoping that leaders can come up with an agreement for a lasting peace. >> again, that was reports from gaza. people in gaza are also using the low in fighting to sift through the rubble in search of bodies. >> reporter: this grim recovery operation has been going on for more than 48 hours. so far a number of bodies have been recovered. they think one more is left underneath a three-story building. it was a family home. this entire area is being annihilated. this was a mosque. what remains beside it. we spoke to one man who lives nearby, and he said that up to 30 people tried to escape. they were all caught in various bombings, shootings, and attacks been f-16 fighters. >> when we were running away from our homes we saw many dead people lying in the street. there were old people, women and children, all of them civilians. it was unimaginable. as this unfinished business of recovery goes on the questions are being asked about what happens next. over all its estimated it will be $6 billion to rebuild gaza. here alone the cost will be tremendous. the israeli say that hamas fighters and fighters from other factions were based here, which is why they hit it so hard. but collateral damage, look around, this is more than collateral damage in most people's books. it was some describe it as an earthquake, but this was not a natural disaster, and the humanitarian cost is very high, indeed, with so many people dead the number isn't clear at this stage and it is not clear as to whether any more bodies will be recovered. in terms of normalcy it will never return to this place. >> earlier i spoke to a team in happened building and firing a rocket underneath a tent next to a hotel they were staying. he described what was going on during a video. >> reporter: well, just to put in context, this was a spot where we had written a rocket a week prior. it had landed in gaza. we heard it go off. it was pretty clear that a rocket had taken off. a week later we wake up in the morning and we see this blue tent in this abandoned area. you see men working inside the tent. we could not see what they were doing but something was protruding outside of the tent. they appeared to be digging and then you see men running wires out of the tent. it did take didn't take a lot to see that they were setting up a rocket launch site. it was fairly clear what had just happened. >> what surprised you most about the operation as you were witnessing it? as you were watching it unfold? >> reporter: well, it seemed somewhat rash. these operatives we believe belonged to hamas. to see this in the early of the morning, in the daylight. you have buildings on all sides and all these buildings are full of journalists. you have people waking up getting ready for the day. anyone who looks down can see the activity. they can see this striking blue tent right in the middle of this empty area. for a lot of people who are about to set off a rocket, it seemed almost foolhardy. >> he also told us this rocket was set off just moments before the cease-fire began and no strikes were carried out in retaliation on the area. israel says a man arrested in connection with the deaths of three teenagers in the west bank in june is a senior member of hamas. they made the claim in an interview on cnn. he said that the man was trying to cross into jordan when he was arrested. he did not elaborate on the role the man allegedly had in the kidnapping and killing of the teens. today marks 30 days since the fighting began in gaza. join us for 30 days of war. a special look at life, death and diplomacy. and during the latest conflict in the middle east it airs right here on al jazeera america. and new details are emerging in the attack in afghanistan that killed an american general. general harold green was shot and killed in an attack at a military base near kabul. afghan officials say the gunman hid in the bathroom before open firing and use a n.a.t.o. assault rifle in the attack. 15 people including several americans were wounded. an outbreak of the ebola virus has killed 932 people in west africa. the evaluation is holding a global summit in switzerland to discuss a spread. the head of the red cross said that the international community must pool it's resources to tackle the crisis. >> ' bowl la icrisis. >> ebola is not new. we will learn from all these experiences. we'll work with institutions that specialize in tropical diseases and this type of crisis ho on how can we best equip these areas. >> saudi arabia is testing whether or not a man who died earlier today contracted ebola. it will not issue visas to anyone from sierra leone, guinea or liberia. a nurse became the second person to die from the virus there. nine people are in quarantine. they're looking at using experimental serum to tweet with ebola. two are being treated at emory hospital in lappet. both were flown back to the united states from liberia while doing aid work there. in politics there is only 90 days before the midterm congressional elections and there is deep bitterness between the republican establishment and the tea party following last night's primary results. >> reporter: tony, th they are usually gracious in victory and modest in defeat but not in michigan. winning a tough primary battle, he's often criticized the national security agency. during the campaign the tea party bryant ellis described him as a liberal and called him all quite's best friend and a disgrace. well, here is the victory speech last night. >> to brian ellis, you owe my family and this community an apology. [ cheering ] for your disgusting, despicable smear campaign. >> reporter: and criticized ellis for having the audacity to call him to offer congratulations. they tried to ellis beat him, so he also took a dig at him. >> i want to say to lobbyist pete hokstra. you are a disgrace, and i'm glad we can hand you one more loss before you fade into total obscurity and irrelevance. you rarely see that tone in a victory speech. it follows some of the nasty tea party challenges. another challenge was settled in kansas. pat roberts narrowly held on to victory in his g.o.p. race. he beat milton wolfe by 18,000 votes. both campaigns ran a slew of negative ads. in victory roberts credited his team for staying focused. >> we knew when we started a year ago it would not be easy, a and it has not been. my posse did not flinch. >> reporter: speaking of not flinching in north carolina, a republican congressman whose november re-election is not guaranteed is now doubling down on his extremism. congressman walter jones is a law make who are at the beginning of the last iraq ward and god mad at france and demanded that french fries be named freedom fries. he stopped carrying books in his district about islam. he talked about impeaching president obama. and he just called a healthcare lawsuit against the president a waste of time and money. >> mob problem with what my party is trying to do is will cost the tax payers between 2 million to $3 million. use the constitution. >> however, you can't just use the constitution to invoke to itch people the president. there has to be hearings, and those costs would far exceed the price tag of a federal lawsuit. last week republican house speaker john boehner said there would not be an obama empeachment. he said it was a scam spread by the white house. mr. speaker meet walter jones. and hillary clinton is trying to lighten her image. last night she had a scripted name dropping argument with stephen colbert and starting with george clooney. >> oh, i love george. i wish he could have joined us when i had lunch with merle streep and ecuadorian president rafael korriea? >> oh raufy he's such a cut up, especially when we go camping with oprah. >> oh? >> does that surprise you? >> no, o is just what all her real friends call oprah. >> reporter: that's pretty funny i guess. >> all right, david. david shuster with us. coming up, 400,000 websites effected and those websites are still at risk. what you need to know about the latest data hack and if it's even possible to protect your information. and after chasing it, rosetta is the first spacecraft to board a comet but there is much more to the mission than that. we'll explain when we come back. >> let's see here. wall street, stocks, small gains making up just a bit of yesterday's lawsuit. the dow up above 14 days on the day. and the nasdaq and s&p 500 also up for the day. you will want to take more action to proked yourself online. russian hackers stole more than 1 billion unique user names and passwords and the combinations there have in more than 500 e-mail addresses and many websites are still at risk. jacob ward has been looking into the latest technology that could protect us in the future. jake, good to see you. let's start with what exactly happened here. >> reporter: well, tony, this is really the largest such hacking event in history. 1.2billion users names and passwords with over 4 billion stolen. they pared it down to come up--they've got user names and passwords for 1.2 billion individual users on websites. and so far they're not using them to steal people's bank account or credit card information that we know of. they simply seem to be using them to send out spam on social networks for a fee, but they could be selling this for the future. that's how they would make big money. and it point out how incredibly value nery we are in the age of text base password. >> what more do you know that you can share? >> reporter: 9 thing about this is that the fundamental of a password, they'll put in digits and text and the user name can some how keep you protected. experts have been calling on us for years to move beyond that idea. we'll see computing come online that will make those kinds of passwords for an automated system crack because it will be a powerful piece of computing, quantum computing is what it's called. we'll come up with something that is not just held in a database that people can grab. we'll empt experiment with the angle of how you hold your phone. that could be an unique characteristic that would identify you. people type on a certain way. people have physical characteristics that you could use in the future. mit and other places have been trying to make that to replace outdated text passwords that have gotten us in so much trouble. >> jake ward for us in san francisco. thank you. first a first in space exploration today. an european spacecraft came face to face with a comet. scientists hope that it will help to learn more about the building blocks of life. roxana saberi is here with really face-to-face with a comet. i need to hear more about this. >> reporter: up close and personal. we've seen spacecraft speed by comets and take photos but this is the first time one has gone into or bet around a comet. it crossed 4 billion miles and took ten years to get there. these images taken 250 million miles away are raising cheers here on earth. >> today is the first time that we achieved a rendezvous with the comet. it's another smile tone in the history of planetary science. >> reporter: the european space agency launched the rosetta spacecraft ten years ago. since it launched it journeyed 4 billion miles. it orbited the sun five times in pursuit of comet 67 p. it went into hibernation to save power and woke up in january. finally on wednesday it arrived. >> today is the beginning of the real science mission because now we can actually start measuring things, analyzing the comet, find out where it's been in the solar system. what it's made of. >> reporter: it started circling the comet at a distance of 60 miles. they hope to find out if the water in comets is the same as the water on earth. >> we know today that the earth had a great deal of water on it. we don't know where it came from, and it's likely that comets had a lot to do with that process. >> reporter: one scientist said that he's surprised by the comet surface. >> in just the images we've seen on approach today we've got possibly a better picture of this comet than we've ever had of any comet before. and it's just the start of the process. >> reporter: the solar powered spacecraft is working its way closer to the comet. a lander will touchdown to take samples and a harpoon will attach the lander to the comet. >> we'll make major scientific discoveries and this will be a rosetta stone for the future of understanding the surface we live on and a bigger picture. >> reporter: it will be bright enough to see with a large amateur at th tell telescope. >> which i have one. why did they pick this comet. >> one scientist told me that this closeth one, an closest one, and that it's on rather small. >> thanks. nasa's curiosity rover landed on mars. since then the spacecraft has been crawling around the red planet taking pictures, looking for science of life. scientists now believe mars had a large water source that could have supported life. the next job is to climb and study one of the largest mountains on mars. coming up, russia is building troops along ukraines border. secretary of state chuck hagel choosing concerns about a possible russian invasion, and how one organization is helping refugee girls who have fled persecution and hav have resettled in chicago. >> russian president vladimir putin has launched counter sanctions against western nations. it's been putin's strongest retaliation since the u.s. and europe has imposed sanctions. it will not import poultry. it comes as activity on the border has been heating up. russia is planning to invade ukraine. troops have amassed as part of military exercises along ukrainian border. joining me now is a member of the truman project defense council. in your mind is russia preparing for a mass intervention of ukraine? >> that's the question on everybody's mind and it's a good one to ask. certainly there are reports that russia has increased its presence of infantry, armor, artillery, anti-air defense units near the ukrainian border. some of the numbers we've seen near 20,000. i think that may be a legitimate concern. >> then the question becomes why. to reset it, russian back separatist are taking a bit of a whipping, and russia isly afraid to have a western-leaning ukraine on its door step or is that too simple. >> no, i think the ukrainian situation is relatively clear. after president poroshenko caused a greater concern in moscow, and putin launched an illegal annexization in crimea, and the current situation looks not at the momently unlike the situation it did in march. >> how does russia respond, react when donetsk and luhansk, the troops are being amassed. what does russia ultimately do? do they just sit there? what happened? >> reporter: well, if you look at the way they conducted the last operation it was done under the guy guise of humanitarian efforts. as the u.s. has established leadership in confronting this russian expansionism, they have certainly won up after the shoot down of flight mh 17, an. >> and what is the u.s. prepared to do should russia take this next step? no one hopes that happens, but what is the u.s. in your mind prepared to do or should do? >> all right, the u.s. has shown leadership by moving forward in sanctions and putting pressure--but it's important to remember that the state of u.s. policy and the one i think we all agree with from an assessment agreement is not to break yo the russian economy, but to change russia's behavior and offer pathways to long-standing international borders and establish free peoples in ukraine. the last actions in the ukraine raised concerns in poland and the balkans states. that's where you'll see commitment to long-standing n.a.t.o. alliances by european partners. >> andrew, appreciate it. member of the truman project defense council. andrew, appreciate your time. thank you. in iraq 70 people have been killed in a government airstrike in western mosul. the strike hit the headquarters of the islamic state. it's fighters took control of mosul last month. the iraqi government has been battling to reclaim territory and hundreds of thousands of iraqis have been displaced by the violence. in lebanon mediators say there will be a 24 hour cease-fire truces have failed and fighters linked to the al nusra front, the attacks on the border town is the worst spillover of violence since the confront began. the death toll from sunday's massive earthquake is more than 600. crews are clearing rubble from towns. many are trying to return to see what is left of their lives. we have reports from southwestern china. >> reporter: the long walk home. migrant workers returning to homes in the quake zone. the silent pro session. on the way we meet a man who has been traveling for three days. walking the final stage because he has no alternative. >> it's hard to get a lift on a motorcycle bike. there are not a lot of people with good hearts. it's expensive to pay for a ride. >> reporter: unless you're part of the emergency services the only way into the quake zone is by motorcycle or on foot. the returnees have come back to a village where 70% of the homes have been destroyed. some have lost loved one. but he has been fortunate. under the shade of a tree a reunion of his wife and son. savoring what he thought he lost. he's brought gifts. new shoes and clothes. necessities now. and then it's time to see for himself what happened to his home. walking through his own neighborhood he's lost in his own thoughts. nothing is the same. >> i felt really sad. i was devastated when i first saw this. i almost burst into tears. >> reporter: he knew his house had been destroyed but nothing prepared him for this. the home he remembered gone. >> we still owe a lot of debt from buying this house. it's really heartbreaking to see it like this. >> reporter: in the rubble he recognizes familiar and mundane objects. he borrowed $13,000 from relatives three years ago to buy this house. now he's had to give up his factory job until he can get his family resettled. for now he's a man without a home or an income. but he walks away to what he does have left, a wife, child, and the hope he'll one day regain what he's lost. adrian brown, al jazeera, southwest china. >> so the army has started questioning the u.s. soldier held captive by the taliban. we have that and other headlines making news across america. >> reporter: tony, investigators questioned bow bergdahl, the u.s. soldier held captive in afghanistan for five years. they're asking about his 2009 disappearance and capture by the taliban. bergdahl's lawyer said he will cooperate with investigators. he was released in may in exchange of five guantanamo detainees held in guantanamo bay prison. in six cases lower courts affirmed gay rights by striking down state bans or forcing states to recognize the rights of gay couples married in states where same-sex marriage is legal. people are watching these cases closely because federal courts play a key role in flagging cases that may head to the supreme court. jurors began deliberating in the trial of a detroit man charged with second-degree murder. he shot and killed a woman who showed up drunk on his porch. he was told he should have stayed inside in he was scared. the largest drugstore chain purchased the remaining part of alliance boot. this allows a company to move its headquarters overseas to avoid paying more taxes. >> today i had a discussion with walgreen's. i congratulated him on this decision. to stay in america and stay in illinois. we talked about the pressure that he faces for a short-term gains, stock prices and the like, and we talked about the long term for businesses like walgreen's. >> michael: walgreen's said it's not sure a move overseas would have withstood scrutiny from the irs any way. and an administrator wants to stop hiring smokers. he said his proposal is part of the commitment to employee wellness and decreasing medical costs. it would propose not hiring smokers for county jobs and testing for nicotine among employees. it still needs to be approved. >> that is controversial. see you again. now to the immigration crisis in america. chicago's north side has become a landing place for political refugee. since 1975 illinois has settled 145,000 refugees from more than 60 countries. ash har quaraishi has more. >> reporter: far from the ravages of their war-torn country young teenage girls finds refugee inside that is walls on chicago's north side. >> before i came to the united states i was in a shelter with my family. >> reporter: this is girl forward, the non-profit that help refugee. >> it's a challenging time. it's already difficult when you're 15 years old and american, and when they're new residents of chicago and new to the united states they have to deal with cliques, what clothes they're wearing and are they cool and it's all impacted in this experience. >> reporter: this 14-year-old has experienced a number of first far from her myanmar. >> first day it was like snowing here. it was really hard for my sister. >> had you ever seen know before. >> no, i didn't. that was my first day. i'm from malaysia. >> reporter: her family escaped the violence in myanmar where a genocide is underway against the minority muslim population. >> reporter: after years of living as refugees, their father gained status here in the united states. they live in this basement apartment. >> reporter: but here in chicago far from the flood shed the challenges are decidedly different. >> we found that in-home mentoring is important for this teenage girl population especially for refugee families so they can learn the skills they need at home and help them do the things that they're required to do at home, care give, cook and clean with their families members. they have a lot of responsibilities from their parents. >> reporter: all while learning to take care of themselves. >> did you ever get on a bus before you came to chicago? >> no, i never got on a bus before. >> reporter: she had also been learning how to navigate life in an american me drop polic metropolitan. >> if you stay home, it looks like with your family. and here you enjoy your life with your friends. >> reporter: while she has found safety with new friends who share her experiences her american dream is to return to the country she has never known. >> my dream is to go there, help them and get them to be here. >> reporter: ash har quaraishi, al jazeera america chicago. >> coming up on al jazeera america silicon valley is known for its big job boom, but that's not the case for blacks and latinos. why diversity is lacking. and passengers working together to safe a man in a subway. real understanding... >> where you scared when you hear the bombs? >> al jazeera america real... news... >> so wikipedia is fighting back against europe's right to be forgotten. the wikipedia foundation is posting all of the right to be forgotten notices it has received friday google. so in may an european court ordered google to take down link to pages if a certain member of the public demanded it. google has criticized that rule. the technology boom in francisco has meant that francisco bay area is a boom for those looking for a job but that's not the case for those whthat's the case for white or asian men. >> reporter: the bay area is one of the most ethnic parts of the country. you walk into a start up or tech company and you're not seeing the same people that you see outside. there is a major problem. luckily there are a few promis programs out there trying to change the situation. it's the middle of summer. but these high school students have opted to stay in class in order to learn how to code. >> after taking these classes i realize this is something that i'm good at and i'm interested in, and i actually enjoy doing. >> reporter: so the students here have taken classes for two summers. they've learned basic coding. over the past five weeks have created a video game. >> so, in class we learn how to make a game. >> reporter: here in the bay area tech jobs abound but women and certain minority groups are not landing very many of them. this program looks to change the balance. by google's own admission only 2% employees are african-american. 3% hispanic, and women make up 30% of its workforce. twitter is also predominantly white and male with only 3% hispanics, 1% african-americans, and again a gender divide where only 03% of its workforce are women. now tech companies defend themselves by pointing out the problems starts years before people hit the job market. the college board which oversees advance placement examines, last year who took the computer science, no one knows exactly why this is the case. but poor public schools in ethnic neighborhoods are less likely to offer screen courses. and some say it has put off women. many women in tech have stepped forward as mentors. >> we do a lot of programs around diversity and women in computing in general. >> the vivian works at a tart that looks to change the way hiring decisions are made. she works with uma, who will be a senior, who will be worrying about college applications very soon. >> in the future i can see myself running a tech company. i like computer science and i like business a lot. so i think about doing something like that. >> reporter: change won't happen overnight but perhaps in a few years women may have a better chance to take on tech. >> well, you think a situation would at least be getting better but one study said that diversity has slipped in the last ten years and silicon valley it's a big mystery why that is the case. >> i want to dive down on that. why is this racial and gender bias, and where does this come from? >> reporter: there are a lot of reasons. think about the superstars, bill gates, steve jobs, the younger generation, mark zuckerberg, i don't see women there. buthat's one issue for women. they need some mentors. the good news carnegie melon with one of the most prestigious program for computer programming, of those interested, 40% are women. but does not answer the question about hispanic and african-americans, and why they're being left out. >> melissa chan joining us in san francisco. joining us now, a columnist who has reported on diversity or the lack there of in tech companies. i have a headline on this topic from a few months ago and it read google has an embarrassing diversity problem. can we say, if i go too far, let me know, that silicon valley doesn't care about diversity if you're anything but a white male or asian male you need not apply. >> i think they've been embarrassed by the headlines that have come out over the past few weeks. i think it is a problem that they're agreeing to take on. but the bigger problem is silicon valley is an old boy's club. they hire who they know. they hire from elite colleges. they want to hire the smartest people with the biggest degrees. i won't say smartest, but people who go to the ivy league colleges who get those big degrees tend to be white. they don't go outside of their circle of stanford university and columbia university and mit. that's their focus and that's where they've been getting people from. >> if that's the reality how shocking is this really that you have this situation where people are hiring within their club and don't really invest in people, right, for start ups who are not a part of the club. >> reporter: yes, i don't think it's shocking. i think the headlines are a wake-up call that they are responding to. i don't see huge changes about to happen, though, because of the way they do business. forget about the engineers. forget about the smartest kids in the room. what about the other people that work at these companies? tens of thousands of people, p.r. marketing, i've never seen an african-american at apple, facebook, linkedin, twitter, etc., etc. i've never seen hispanic not in the top jobs. not the minimum jobs. not the medium jobs. so it's not just the engineers. >> well, this is interesting. you believe that the companies are being embarrassed by the headlines. you believe they are--they may be at a place where they're about to start responding, what's the evidence of that? >> i just think that the headlines are so were yo brutal that they have to do something. these are people, most of these companies are liberal organizations, and they--i would believe that they like the whole, you know, they don't want to be seen as a an all-white club, and i think they'll take action. i think the way they've got their system set up it will take a while. >> let me try this on you before i lose you here, is there anything in your reporting, anything in your observations over years of reporting to suggest that if more blacks and hispanics earned more computer science degrees they would be accepted into sell con valley, anywhere near the rate of white males and asians? >> sure, yes. i think they would. you know, i think the whole system is based on them going to the ivy league colleges, looking at the engineering departments and recruiting the graduates. if there were more diverse group of graduates they would probably pull them all in. >> jefferson graham, at "usa today" who has been reporting on diversity and the lack there of at silicon valley. a ceo from a supermarket chain is ousted, and why they say it's all about the work environment he helped create. >> now available, the new al jazeea america mobile news app. get our exclusive in depth, reporting when you want it. a global perspective wherever you are. the major headlines in context. mashable says... you'll never miss the latest news >> they will continue looking for survivors... >> the potential for energy production is huge... >> no noise, no clutter, just real reporting. the new al jazeera america mobile app, available for your apple and android mobile device. download it now >> it was on this day 59 years ago that the world changed forever. thousands of people in japan are remembering the bombing of hiroshima. on this day was the dropping of the atomic bomb. lanterns were lit near a peaceful park. more than 100,000 people died in what was one of two attacks on japan. the u.s. pratt said that it would end the war faster and save more american lives. have you been voluming this story. employees and customers have gathered outside of market basket, a chain of grocery stores. it's all part of arthur tdemolis who was ousted. it has been part of a family feud, and hundreds of workers have walked of off the job. we go to ines. >> reporter: it's hard to believe that so many employees would rally for a ceo. one of the signs inside of market basket it said boycott market basket, show your support also stores nearby this auto sales shop said bring back arthur t. truck drivers have walked off leaving the shelves completely empty. this facebook has more than 32,000 likes on it. i spoke to a former market basket employee. here's why he said protesters are willing to risk their jobs to bring back arthur t. >> do we want to work for another chain or do we want to talk for arthur t. he makes you feel like you are a valuable part of the business. >> reporter: tony, hundreds of consumers have been protesting. one customer even made a song about this and posted it. >> a song? >> reporter: several songs. this is one of them. >> reporter: that song has gotten more than 86,000 likes. >> is it demo oh u las. it's the demoulas family that owns it, and arthur t.demoulas is the former ceo. a fund has been set up for drivers who have been missing work. they've been receiving more than $75,000 in donation over the past few weeks. other people who--other workers who are protesting, they're also risking their jobs, and the company has said they will replace people who don't show up to work. >> michael: we got to get arthur t on the abraham some how. i know everybody is vying for him but morale is here. >> reporter: this is an incredible story. >> and missing work is importa important. >> reporter: it really is about a family owned business. many say they started out as a bag boy. >> right, and worked their way through the company. you've got an assignment now. an incredible moment caught on camera. in perth, australia, many come together to help a fellow passenger after a man slipped. they managed to push the train up and free his legs and the man was fine. inside story. . >> the new technical and legal frontiers of medicine allow two people to create an embryo and have a third person provide the womb for that new life to grow. it brings joy, but occasionally conflict, accidents and heartbreak along the way. surrogacy is the "inside story."
the very first to a rendezvous with a comet. >> israel agreed to extend a 72-hour cease-fire. that cease-fire is more than halfway over. that truce is still holding. no length of time has been made public for any new cease-fire. this comes as palestinian negotiators gather in cairo for indirect talks. the talks seem to be gaining momentum however the two sides have not reach and agreement. jane ferguson is live for news jerusalem. jane, do we have any more details about the possible extension of the cease-fire? >> reporter: well, tony, the possible extension is that, a possible extension. as you have said israel has said they would be willing to go ahead with an ex-pension of this cease-fire which expires on friday morning. hamas so far have said that it's premature to start talking about a cease-fire at this point because of course both sides still have conditions that neither side have really come together to any middle ground yet on it. hamas themselves want a black said of gaza, a blockade that has been in place since 2007. they want this limited. israel wants gaza, essentially hamas to be disarmed essentially. hamas, they no longer an armed group, and of course both sides are nowhere near ready to agree on both sides. >> jane, we heard from adam and prime minister benjamin netanyahu once again defending rale's actions in gaza. tell us more about that. >> yes, netanyahu gave a press conference and they were very clear in the face of strong criticism about gazaen civilian casualties. let's take a look at what he said today. >> the goal of this operation was to protect our people from the threat of terror tunnels built to send death squads into israel to commit terrorist atrocities against israel's civilians, to kidnap and to kill. israel deeply regrets every civilian casualty. every single one. >> reporter: and so that's really netanyahu responding to intense criticism that has continued as a gazan death toll tops over 1800 people. most of those civilians according to the united nations today we heard from u.n. secretary general ban ki-moon, and he basically said that these attacks, those attacks by israel on specifically referring to those on u.n. authorities were outrageous, unacceptable, and unjustifiable. what we're seeing here isville prime minister netanyahu trying to respond. and in a press conference with the international press really put forward israel's position on this. now what he did in that press conference while he had international news outlets and newspapers gathered, he played video that had been filmed by some international news outlet that filmed hamas firing rocket from gaza. they really want to push that video, and he encouraged journalist toss cover that side of the story. so very much of the p.r. campaign. the israelis pushing back against the criticism that is being leveled at them. the footage that was released was not just by journalists. there were some by the israeli military themselves that they had filmed people on the roofs of buildings being used as human shields. so that really added to the debate, and it was something to really push back against the heavy heavy criticism the israelis have taken. >> jane ferguson in jerusalem. thank you. the lull in fighting has allowed humanitarian supplies to flow into gaza. charles stratford is in gaza for us. the calm continues for another day. what are you seeing there? >> reporter: that's right, tony. yes, it has been a calm day today. far more people on the streets of gaza trying to get on with their lives a lot more people in the markets buying produce, people again going back to the recommend nance of their homes in some of these terribly badly hit areas. we hear that another ten bodies were pulled from the rubble in some of these areas. and we hear there are tens of other people who are still missing. believed dead, stuck underneath that republic. we also saw as you reported aid trucks coming through from that southern border, and trade trucks as well, produce coming into gaza and a lot more traffic on the roads. yes, it was by far the busiest day in gaza. as the cease-fire continues. >> charles, as you know there are discussions under way right now. israel has agreed to an extension of the cease-fire. the efforts continue in cairo, egypt. what are you hearing about those talks? >> reporter: we're here that israel is preparing to extend the 72-hour cease-fire. but we're hearing from hamas that that was never on the table in the first place. they never went to cairo in the first place with this idea the there. negotiations are very tough, indeed. hamas steadfast saying that their demands stay the same. they want the lifting of the seven-year blockade. they want the prisoners released and greater fishing rights. they want the port rebuilt. we also hear a line from hamas saying again an indication of how tenuous this cease-fire is. they say their fingers are on the triggers and they have not pulled back from their position. yes, tough negotiations ongoing in cairo. a lot more to be done, but as i say, hamas and fatah saying that offer by israel for an extension of the 72 hours was never on the wards in the first place. so it won't be accepted. fatah interestingly enough saying we still have a bit of time left before we can see an end of this cease-fire. >> thank you. united nations secretary general ban ki-moon demanded an end to the senseless cycle in gaza. he's urging the international community to rebuild the area. we have more now from the u.n. >> reporter: this meeting was a chance for amen u.n. member states to hear the latest in d gaza and to express their views. all recognized israel's security concerns in the region, but tended to focus on the suffering of palestinians as a result of this conflict. some of the recurring things we've heard is the need for accountability for the attacks in gaza, some schools were bombed resulting in civilian casualties, and we heard ban ki-moon and others call this a violation of international law and again calling for accountability. we heard from officials talking about the blockade from gaza and address the issues of palestinian rights which they say are fueling this cycle of violence. member states express these two points. the general assembly is not taking action on this situation in gaza. action has been relegated to the security council. the security council is toying with the idea of a resolution, but reminds divided on the way forward. some members on the security council would rather wait and see how the talks in egypt play out and then respond to those talks. since the council is divided no action will be taken. >> a senior member of hamas, israeli government spokesman made the claim in an interview with cnn. he said the man was trying to cross into jordan when he was arrested last month. he did not elaborate on the role the man allegedly had in the kidnapping and killing of the teens. today marks 30 days since fighting began. we've witnessed plenty of death destruction and diplomacy. tonight al jazeera will take a look back at the past few weeks and an and a special called "30 days of war." nick schifrin joins me now. "30 days of war." we can review what we have seen over the past 30 days but can we get to the news of the moment of the day. there is an offer of the extension of the cease-fire from prime minister benjamin netanyahu. what is your sense whether the cease-fire will be accepted and the work that is going on in egypt right now to get beyond these temporary cease-fires and finding is close for a lasting truce. >> reporter: the goal is to find a lasting truce. the u.s. has been in the middle east of that, but the u.s. is not talking to hamas. it needs intermediaries. hamas does not trust intermediaries. hamas does not trust cairo. >> right, they don't trust where they are. that's one of the questions i had for you. the intermediaries. who is bringing hamas to the table on this? is it th egyptians? qatar? who is serving as role of intermediary for. >> reporter: it is qatar and turkey. they're talking to the qatars, to the turks and bringing hamas on board. but not only is there a lack of trust between hamas and egypt and even its intermediaries, but also there is no sense that the u.s. can guarantee the changes hamas is asking for can be made. opening the borders for goods, and so long as hamas and other groups underneath it do not trust that there can be international guarantee that unlike in the past we're really going to do this. we're going to open the border. we're going to get the-- >> the agreement of 2012 and the agreement made there. and until hamas can say yes, we trust this, they're going to be very skeptical. >> that would mean a greater u.s. role and right now the u.s. is on the sidelines. in order for this to move forward at some point secretary kerry has to be in the middle of this. >> you need the palestinian authority in there. you have to strengthen him. there needs to be someone to speak to. someone who can say the palestinians will do this, right? that's hamas and gazaish. >> is he potential broker here? i've heard it floated over the last few days that mahmood abbas needs to be strengthened. is israel willing to look at this new gospel with a limited role for hamas in any unity government? is israel willing to look at that. >> reporter: there are some ministers in the israeli cabinet who would say that's the moderate or center left who would say this is only going to work with a regional peace with the notion that we have toe demilitarize gaza once and for all and to do that you have to incentivize, for lack of a better word, to give them enough money where they could not say no. but others would say no, is a terror group. you need to crush them. netanyahu did not do that. you need to neutralize abbas because he cannot be trusted and he will not lead this unity government. >> you can see more of nick's reporting tonight "30 days of war" right here on al jazeera america. nick, thank you. the presiden president of the united states speaking now from the state department. >> obama: that includes 50 motorcades. i'll begin by thanking the people of washington, d.c. for helping us host this historic event and further patience with the traffic. as i said this summit reflects the reality that even as africa continues to face great challenges we're also seeing the emergence of a new, more prosp prosperous africa. africa's progress is being led by africans including leaders here today. i want to take this opportunity again to thank my fellow leaders to be here rather than a lot of prepared speeches our sessions today were genuine discussions. a chance to truly listen and come around pragmatic steps to come together. that's what we've done this week. first we made important progress in expanding our trade. the $33 billion in new trade and investments that i announced yesterday will help spur african development and support tens of thousands of american jobs. with major new initiatives we tripled our goal and aim to bring electricity to 60 million african homes and businesses. today i reiterated that we'll continue to work with congress to achieve a seamless and long-term renewal of african growth and opportunity act. we agree that africa's growth depends first and foremost in africa by africans. the leaders here will step up leaders to attract investment, reduce barriers between african countries and promote regional integration. and as i announced yesterday the united states will you help support capacity to trade with itself and the world. ultimately africa's prosperity depends on africa's greatest resource, it's people. i've been very encouraged by t by the young african-american leaders initiative. there is an increasing recognition if countries are going to reach their full economic potential then they have to investment in women. their education, their skills and protect them from gender-based violence. that was the topic of discussion this afternoon. your initiative to lift africans from poverty and our fight against a.i.d.s. will help countries double the number of their children on anti anti-retroviral drugs, even as the united states is deploying some of our medical first responders to west africa to help control the ebola outbreak we're going to strengthen public health systems including joining with the a union to pursue an africa center for disease control. the african people are renewing their commitment to africa. today the leading alliance of american ngos has announced its members will invest $4 billion to children's help and delivery of vaccines and drugs. it is not just a government effort but an effort spurred on by the private sector. combined with the investments we announced yesterday and the commitments made today at the symposium hos hosted, this will mobilize some $37 billion for africa's progress on top of substantial efforts that have been made in the past. second, we address governments. some african nations are making impressive progress but we see troubling restrictions on universal rights. today was an opportunity to highlight the importance of rule of law, open an accountable institution, strong civil societies and potential of human rights for all citizens and all communities. i made a point during our discussion that nations that uphold these rights and principles will ultimately will be more prosperous and more economically successful. in particular we agreed to step up our collective efforts that cost tens of billions of dollars every year, money that ought to be invested in the people of africa. several leaders discuss a partnership and there was widespread agreement. we will convene our experts and promote the transparency that is essential to economic growth. third, we're deepening our security corporation to meet common threats from terrorism to menu trafficking. we're launching a new security governance initiative to help african countries to build strong security forces. we're starting with kenya, niger, and mali. they want to increase their can capacity. and increase their ability to share information about emerg ing crisis. we also agreed to make significant new investments in african peacekeeping. the united states will provide additional equipment to african peace keep necessary somalia, and the central africa republic. we will support the africa union's efforts to strengthen as peacekeeping institutions, and most importantly we're launching a new african peacekeeping rapid response with a goal of deploying africa peace keepers in support of u.n. and a.u. missions. there has been demonstrated a record of peace keepers. we're going to invite countries beyond africa because the entire world has a take in the success of peace keeping in africa. in closing i want to say that this has been an extraordinary event and extraordinary summit given the success we've had this week. we believe that summits can be a critical part of our work going forward. enforcing decisions and action. we agreed that the u.s. african summit will be a recurring event to hold ourselves accountable, commitments and sustain the momentum. i will encourage my proceed assessors to continue with this work. with that we'll take a couple of questions. we'll start with julie pace of associated press. >> thank you, mr. president. there has been discussion in this admit about the ebola outbreak in africa. there is an untested unapproved drug that seems to be helping the americans what are infected. is your administration considering at all sending supplies of this drug if it becomes available to west africa, and could you discuss the ethic of either providing an untested drug to a foreign country or providing it only to americans or countries that are harder hit if it could possibly save lives? >> i think we've got to let the science guide us. i don't think all the information is in whether this drug is helpful. what we do know is that the ebola virus currently and in the past is controllable. if you have a strong infrastructure in place. they are the first to admit is what has happened is that the public health systems have been overwhelmed. they were not able to identify and then isolate cases quickly enough. you did not have a strong trust relationship between some of the communities that were affected and public health workers as a consequence it spread more rapidly than kip tall with outbreaks that have occurred previously. but despite obviously the extraordinary pain and hardship of the families and persons who have been infected, and despite the fact that we have to take this very seriously, it is important to remind ourselves this is not an airborne disease. this is one that can be controlled, and contained very effectively if we use the right protocols. we need to make sure that we've reached out to our european partners and partners from other countries world with the who and let's get all the workers we need on the ground. let's help to bolster the systems that they have in place. let's nip as early as possible any additional outbreaks of the disease. then i think its entirely appropriate for us to see if there are additional drugs or medical treatments that can improve the survivability of what is a very deadly and obviously brutal disease. we're focusing on the public health approach because we know how to do that, but i will continue to seek information about what we're learning with respect to these drugs going forward. >> would you approve fast tracking if it meets approval in the united states? >> i don't have enough data right now to offer an opinion on that. john carl, "abc news." >> thank you, mr. president. you said quote the biggest problems we're facing right now has to do with george bush bringing more and more power in the executive branch and not going through congress at all, and that's what i intend to reverse. has congress' inability to do anything significant give you a green light to push the limits of executive power even a duty to do soar or put another way does it bother you more to be accused of an imperial president pushing those limits or be accused of being a do-nothing president not able to get anything done because you faced an dysfunctional congress? >> well, i think that i never have a green light. i'm bound by the constitution, and i'm bound by separation of powers. there are some things i cannot do. i would love to fund a large infrastructure proposal that would put people to work and booth our gdp. we know we've got roads and bridges and airports and electrical grids that need to be rebuilt. but without cooperation of congress i can speed, um, permitting process, for example. i can make sure that we're working with the private sector to see if we can channel investment into much. needed projects. i need congress to authority spending so i don't have a green light. what i'll do whatever i have the legal authorities to make progress on behalf of middle class americans and folks working again in the middle class. whether it's by making sure the federal contractors are paying a fair rage to their workers, making sure that women have the opportunity to be paid the same as men, where i have the capacity to expand some of the student loan programs that we've already put in place so repayments are a little more affordable for college graduates, i'm going to seize those opportunities, and that's what i think the american people expect me to do. my preferences is to work with congress because not only can congress do more but it's going to be longer lasting. when you look at, for example, congress in action, and in particular the inaction of house republicans when it comes to immigration reform. here's an area where i said before not only the american people want to see action, not only is there an 80% overlap between what the republicans say they want we passed a bill that was bipartisan. and in those circumstances what the american people expect is that despite the differences between the parties we should be able to pass on things we agree on. we're not seeing that. if the face of that kind of dysfunction what i can do is scour our authorities, and every time we try to make one of these steps that we're working within the confines of my executive power, but i promise you the american people don't want me just to stand around and twiddling my thumbs and waiting for congress to get something done. even as we take these executive actions i'm going to continue to reach out to democrats and republicans, to the speaker and leadership on both sides and in both chambers to try to come up with formulas where we can make progress even if it's incremental. >> i believe you have the power to grant work permits for those who are here illegally as supporters have suggested? >> what i certainly recognize with respect to immigration reform and i said this in the past is that we have a grown system, and we have to make choices in terms of how we allocate personnel and resources. if i'm going to send more immigration judges down to the border to process some of these uncompanied children that have arrived at the border, then that's coming from some place else and we have to prioritize, and that's well within our discretion. the preference would be a comprehensive immigration law. we already have bipartisan law that would solve a whole bunch of these problems. until that happens i'm going to have to make choices. that's what i was elected to do. >> thank you, mr. president. along the lines of executive authority, secretary jack lew said that they don't have the authority to slow or stop practical conversions you but now he's reviewing options to do so, and this is an issue that a lot of businesses probably those who were paying interest to the summit are interested in. what actions are now under consideration will you consider an executive order that would limit or ban such companies from getting federal accounts, and how soon would you like to see treasury react given congress schedule. >> just to review why we're concerned here. you have accountants going to big options, multi national corporations but that are clearly u.s. based and have the bulk of their operations in the united states, and these accountants are saying we found a great loophole. if you flip your citizenship to another country even though it's just a paper transaction, we think we can get you out of paying a whole lot of taxes. well, that's not fair. it's not right. the lost revenue to treasury means it needs to be made up somewhere where, and that's typically going to be a bunch of hard working americans who either pay through higher taxes themselves or through reduced services. in the meantime the company is still using all the services and all the benefits of effectively being an u.s. corporation, at the just decided that they would just go through this paper exercise. there is legislation working its way through congress that would eliminate some of these tax loopholes entirely, and it's true what treasury secretary lew previously said, that we can't solve the entire problem administratively. but what we are doing is examining are there elements to how existing statutes are interpreted by regulation, tradition or practice that can at least discourage some of the folks who may be trying to take advantage of this loophole. we're reviewing all of our options as usual. and relate it to the answer i gave jonathan about executive actions. my preference would always be for us to go ahead and get something done in congress, and keep in mind that it's still a small number of companies that are resorting to this because i think most american companies are proud to be american, recognize the benefits being american, and are responsible in going to pay their fair share of taxes to support all the benefits that they receive from being here. but we don't want to see this trend grow. we don't want companies who have up until now been playing by the rules suddenly looking over their shoulder and saying say seeing what some of their competitors are gaining in the system, and we need to do it too. that type of mentality is something that we want to avoid, so we need to move as quickly as possible. >> the federal contractors. >> i'm not going to announce specifics. we've done a thorough evaluation and when we understand where our authorities are, we'll let you know. chris jansen, nbc news. >> russia said today it's going to ban food and agriculture imports. at the same time defense secretary chuck hagel said amazin amassing of troops along the border will increase the chance of invasion. are sanctions not working? >> well, we don't know if sanctions are working. sanctions are working as intended to putting enormous pressure and strain on the russian economy. that's not my estimation. if you look at the markets and you loc look at estimates in capitocapital flight. you look at projections in russian growth you see that the economy has ground to a halt somewhere between 100 to $200 billion capital flights taking place. you're not seeing a lot of investors coming in new to start businesses inside of russia. and it has presented the choice to president putin as to whether he is going to try to resolve the issues in eastern ukraine through diplomacy and peaceful means, recognizing the ukraine is a sovereign country, and that it is ultimately up to the ukrainian people to make decisions about their own lives, or alternatively continue on the course that he's on in which case he's going to be hurting his economy and his own people over the long term. and in that sense we are doing exactly what we should be doing. we're very pleased that our europeanallys and partners joined us in this process as well as a number of country around the world. having said all that, the issues are not resolved yet. you still have fighting in eastern ukraine. civilians are still dying. we've already seen some of the consequences of this conflict in the loss of the malaysian airlines or jetliner, and the sooner that we can get back on a track in which there are serious discussions taking place to assure that all ukrainians are heard, that they can work through the political process, that they're represented, that the reforms that have already been offered by the government in kiev are implemented to protect russian speakers, to assure decentralization of power, the sooner we move on those and the sooner that president putin recognizes that ukraine is an independent country, you know, it's only at that point that we can say that the problem has troublely been solved. in the meantime the sanctions are working the way they are supposed to. >> the troops that are amassing on the border are more highly trained and seem to have more sophisticated weaponry according to intelligence. does that make you reconsider as a few democrats have considered to provide lethal aid to the ukraine. >> the russian army is a lot bigger than the ukrainian army. so the issue here is not whether the ukrainian army has some additional weaponry. at least up until this point, they've been fighting a group of separatists who have engaged in terrible violence, but who can't match the ukrainian army. now if you start seeing an invasion by russia that's another set of questions. we're not there yet. you we will continue to work with them to evaluate on a day by day, week by week basis what exactly they need in order to be able to defend their country and to deal with the separatist elements that currently are being armed by russia. but the best thing we can do for ukraine is to try to get back on a political track. david ohito, the standard. >> thank you, mr. president. you've been hosting african kings and presidents for the last three days, the economy has become increasingly difficult. in egypt dozens of journalists are in prison. in kenya they've targeted the media. what can the international community do to insure that we have a strong media in africa, and more importantly to secure the release of the journalist who is are behind bars? two, so many countries in africa live in threats of terror. what can the international community do to neutralize terror threats? a. >> what was the last part of the question? >> could the terrorists be the reason you kept kenya from your visits. >> oh, no, no, no. first of all, respect to journalists in the media. the last session we had on god governance emphasized that good governance means that everyone has a voice. that government is transparent. therefore accountable. even though leaders don't always like it, the media always play a crucial role in assuring people that they have the proper information to evaluate the policies that their leaders are pursuing. so we have been very consistent in pushing governments not just in africa, but around the world to respect the right of journalists to practice their trade as a critical part of civil society, and a critical part of any democratic norm. yoyou know, the specific situation of the al jazeera journalists, we've been discussing with them publicly and privately that they should be released. we've been troubled by some of the laws that have been passed around the world that seem to restrict the ability of journalists to pursue stories or write stories. we've been disturbed by efforts to control the intermediary. part of what has happened over the last decade or two is that new media, new technology allow people to get information that would not be accessible, or allowed to only a few specialists. now they're able to punch that up in their own lives an their own communities. we'll continue to puc push back against these efforts. as is true on a whole range of issues. i've said this in the past. many times we'll work with countries even though they're not perfect on every issue. we find that in some cases engaging a country that certainly is a good partner but is not performing optimally when it comes to all the various categories of human rights that we can be effective by working with them on certain areas and criticizing them and trying to elicit improvements in other areas. even countries that generally have strong human rights records there are areas there are problems. that's true of the united states, by the way. and so the good news, and we heard this in the summit, is that more and more countries are recognizing that in the objects of good governance, in absence of accountability and transparency that's not only going to have an effect domestically on the legitimacy of a government. it's going to have an affect on economic development and growth. because ultimately in information age open societies have the capacity to innovate and educate and move faster and be part of the global marketplace more than closeds societies do over the long term. i believe that. now with respect to terrorism i think there is uniform concern of terrorist infiltration in many countries throughout africa. obviously there is a concern that we have globally. a lot of initiatives that we put forward were designed to partner so that countries first and foremost can deal with these problems within their own boar boards, or regionally. and the united states does not have a desire to expand and create a big footprint inside of africa. what we want to make sure that we can do is partner with the africa union, with individual countries to build up their capacity. what i've been encouraging in the sessions is fighting terrorism also require security forces that are professional, disciplined, they themselves are not engaging in human rights violations, that part of the lesson that we've all learned about terrorism is that it is possible in reaction to terrorism to exce accelerate the disease. if the response is one that aliens populations or particular ethnic groups or particular religions. the cork that we're doing including the security initiatives that i announced today i think could make a big difference in that direction. it's not just a matter of us providing better equipment or better training. that's a part of it, but part of it is also making sure that these security forces and the intelligence operations are coordinated, and professional and are not alienating populations. the more we do that, the more effective we can be. the last point i'll make on good governance, against terrorist infiltration is a society in which they feel they have a stake in the existing order, and they feel their grievances can be solved threw political means rather than through violence. that's one more reason why good governance has to be part of the recipe that we use for a strong, stable, prosperous africa. last question, jerome. >> thank you, president. earlier today israeli prime minister discuss operations that was justified and proportionate, do you agree with these two words? and israel and hamas seem to be discussing a cease-fire. do you think a true cease-fire can be achieved? and what role is the u.s. playing in the talks there? >> i have said from the beginning no country would tolerate rockets being launched into their cities. and as a consequence i have consistently supported israel's right to defend itself, and that includes doing what it needs to do to prevent projects from landing on population centers and more recently as we learned preventing tunnels from being dug under their territory that can be used to launch terrorist attacks. i think it should be remembered that hamas acts irresponsebly when it's launching rockets from population centers putting populations at risk because of that particular military strategy. now, having said all that, i've also expressed my distress at what has happened to inspect civilians, including women and children, during the course of this process, and i'm glad that we have at least temporarily achieved a cease-fire. the question now how do we build on this temporary cessation of violence and move forward in a sustainable way? we intend to support the process that is taking place in egypt. i think the short-term goal has to be to make sure that rocket launchers do not resume. that the work that the israeli government did in closing off these tunnels has been completed. and that we are now in the process of helping to rebuild a gaza that's been really badly damaged as a consequence of this conflict. long tm there has to be a recognition that gaza cannot sustain itself permanently closed off from the world, and incapable of providing some opportunity, jobs, economic growth for the population that lives there, particularly given how dense that population is, how young that population is, we're going to have to see a shift in opportunity for the people of gaza. i have no sympathy for hamas. i have great sympathy for ordinary people who are struggling within gaza. the question then becomes can we find a formula in which israel has greater assurance that gaza will not be a launching pad for further attacks, perhaps more dangerous attacks as technology develops, into their country? at the same time ordinary palestinians have some prospects for an opening of gaza so they do not feel walled off and incapable of pursuing basic prosperity. i think there are formulas that are available, but they'll require risks on the part of political leaders. it will require a slow rebuilding of trust, which is obviously very difficult in the aftermath of the kind of violence that we've seen. i don't think we get there right away, but the u.s. goal right now would be to make sure that the cease-fire holds. that gaza can begin the process of rebuilding, and that some measures are taken so that the people of gaza feel some sense of hope. and the people of israel feel confident that they're not going to have a repeat of the kind of rocket launches that we've seen over the last several weeks. secretary kerry has been in consistent contact with all the parties involved. we'll continue to be trying to work as diligently as we can to move the process forward. it is also--he'll need to involve the palestinian leadership in the west bank. i have no sympathy for hamas. i have great sympathy for some of the work that has been done in corporation wit cooperation with israel and the international community. they're prepared to move forward to arrive at a two-state solution. i think there is sincerity in the desire for peace, but they have also been weakened, i think, during this process. the populations in the west bank may have also lost confidence or loss of sense of hope in terms of how to move forward. we have to rebuild that as well. they are--the delegation that is leading the palestinian negotiators, and my hope is that we'll be engaging with them to try to move what has been a very tragic situation over the last several weeks into a more constructive path. thank you very much, everybody. and thank you all. >> we'll wrap this up. president obama, the u.s. africa leadership summit, the first of its find. 50 african leaders in washington at the same time and spending the last week and ten days in capitol talking about their goals and plans for their countries. we have david shuster and with me is david lincoln, research scholar at columbia university david, let me start with you. the clock said we have four minutes or so. your take aways from the president's comments today. >> yes, four take aways. first, the african summit, it sounds like based on the partnerships that the obama administration has an easier time dealing with 50 african heads of state in three days than the hous house of congress. in terms of politics he's getting a lot of criticism for using thinks executive authority beyond what he's allowed to. the president said looks i don't have a green light to do that. we'll make sure that we have legal authority but he said will you use your executive throat though grant works permits. he didn't answer that. he didn't answer the question about whether the administration would rewrite the tax code, and to do this by executive authority he punted. and as far as russia he almost took a punt there. when asked about troops amassing on the border, he said we're not there yet. the other bit of news is that the president for the first time he was not prompted, the president spoke about the al jazeera journalists and said that the administration has shown condemnation both publicly and privately. that is a first. while there have been statements by secretary kerry, for the president to mention al jazeera and these journalists is a big deal. >> we were both signed of surprised and glad to hear it, frankly. lincoln, your thoughts as we span the global a little bit. the president talked about ukraine, the middle east crisis and a couple of hot spots as well. >> the first that struck me was the first about russia. he addressed the second half. >> he was taken off the hook. >> they're going to work slowly. the most serious part of that question was the middle part. >> and what to do. >> with the amassing troops on the ukrainian border. does this mean there is going to be an invasion. >> what does it mean for n.a.t.o. or the united states. >> we've been asking that for four or five months now. the troops come in and go out and we hear that an invasion is likely. my sense for russia, the fear of an invasion is very good and actual invasion to ukraine is a real problem. that's a guerrilla war they don't want. the president obam president of the united states could have addressed that more concretely. noting his comments about the conflict in the middle east. what we heard from president obama is what every president going back to truman would have said about israel. he's saying what he has said all along. that's the american position, that's fine. but what we're hearing about the tension of the relationship, given what we hear netanyahu saying never second guess me on hamas, we don't see a lot of changes. we got to get through this conflict, rebuild gaza. >> what new thinking is available? the president at this moment when there were so many hotspots around the globe is taking three days to focus on africa instead of drilling down even more and coming up with new answers or offering new statements. >> there are two pieces that strike my. in the middle east it's not a question of new thinking but what conflicts might have changed. one thing is the isolation of hamas not just from israel that hates it, and the united states that hates it, but the countries around the world that did not come to its assistance. this is a president that is--he can't say it out loud but he's committed to moving the united states past a spot where we're going to try to solve every problem around the world. >> thank you for your time. thank you. that's all of our time for this news hour. i'm tony harris. "real money with ali velshi" is next on al jazeera america. the world. @ >> on techknow, new hope for a cure >> he has a rare severe form epilepsy >> a miraculous medical marijuana breakthrough... >> it's something we can all relate to, a sick child getting better >> a week went by, still no seizures... then we know we were on to something... >> tech know, every saturday go where science meets humanity. >> this is some of the best driving i've every done, even though i can't see. >> tech know. >> we're here in the vortex. only on al jazeera america. >> news tonight that eye popping $17 billion settlement between bank of america and the government overbad mortgages is close at hasn't. we'll look at how much money banks are forking over, where it's going and if any of it is actually helping homeowners. rising anxiety over russia as troops amass on the ukraine border. we'll look at how vladimir putin is escalating the sanctions war an what it means for the united states. and texas has always been big on energy but one big city is close to banning fracking. we'll tell
i.s.i.s. strong holds within that country. he is going to say it's going to take a long time, months to years of time, and coalition of nations from that region. john. >> what do you think david schuster is the most important issue that the president has to deal with it? >> i think it's domestic politics, to the end you have a shot of the state floor. this is the first time this president or any president in 50 years has given a speech from this location. equidistance between the oval office and the stateroom, not appearing isolated but with the feel of the oval office. >> all right the president of the united states is preparing to make an address to the american people about the islamic state. as we've heard a very significant address from the president tonight and here is the president as he walks to the microphone. let's take a listen. >> my fellow americans. tonight i want to speak to you about what the united states will do with our friends and allies to degrade and ultimately destroy the terrorist group known as i.s.i.l. as commander in chief my highest priority is the security of the american people. over the last several years we have consistently taken the fight to terrorists who threaten our country. we took out osama bin laden and much of al qaeda's leadership in afghanistan and pakistan. we have targeted al qaeda's affiliate in yemen and recently eliminated its top commander in somalia. we have done so while bringing 140,000 troops home from iraq and drawing down our forces in afghanistan where our combat mission will end later this year. thanks to our military and counterterrorism professionals america is safer. still we continue to face a terrorist threat. we can't erase every trace of evil from the world. and small groups of killers have the capacity to do great harm. that was a case before 9/11 and that remains true today. and that's why we must remain vigilant as threats emerge. at this moment the greatest threats come from the middle east and north africa where radical groups exploit grievances for their own gain and one of those groups is i.s.i.l. which calls itself the islamic state. let's make two things clear. i.s.i.l. is not islamic. no religion condones the killing of innocents and the majority of i.s.i.l.'s victims have been muslim. it was formerly the iraq civil war to gain territory on both sides of the iraq syrian border. it is recognized by no government, nor by the people it subjugates. i.s.i.l. is a terrorist organization, pure and simple and has no vision other than the slaughter of all who stand in its way. in a region that has known so much bloodshed these terrorists are unique in their brutality. they execute captured prisoners. they kill children. they enslave, rape, and force women into marriage. they threaten the religious minority with genocide and in acts of barbarism they took the lives of two american journalists, jim foley and steven sotloff. so i.s.i.l. poses a threat to the people of iraq and syria and the broader middle east, including american citizens personnel and facilities. if left unchecked these terrorists could pose a growing threat beyond that region including to the united states. what we have not yet detected specific plotting against our home land, i.s.i.l. leaders have threatened america and our allies. our intelligence community believes that thousands of foreigners, including europeans and some americans, have joined them in syria and iraq. trained and battle-hardened these fighters could try to return to their home countries and carry out deadly attacks. i know many americans are concerned about these threats. tonight, i want you to know that the united states of america is meeting them with strength and resolve. last month i ordered our military to take targeted action against i.s.i.l. to stop its advances. since then we conducted more than 150 successful air strikes in iraq. these strikes have protectamerican personnel and facilities. killed i.s.i.l. fighters destroyed weapons and given space for iraqi and kurdish forces to reclaim key territory. these strikes have also helped save the lives of thousands of innocent men, women and children. but this is not our fight alone. american power can make a decisive difference but we cannot do for iraqis what they must do for themselves nor can we take the place of arab partners in securing their region. that's why i've insisted that additional u.s. action depended upon iraqis forming an inclusive government which they have now done in recent days. so tonight, with a new iraqi government in place, and following consultations with allies abroad and congress at home, i can announce that america will lead a broad coalition to roll back this terrorist threat. our objective is clear. we will degrade and ultimately destroy i.s.i.l. through a comprehensive and sustained counterterrorism strategy. first: we will conduct a systematic campaign of air strikes against these terrorists. working with the iraqi government, we will expand our efforts beyond protecting our own people and humanitarian missions so that we are hitting i.s.i.l. targets as iraqi forces go on offense. moreover i've made it clear that we will hunt down terrorists who threaten our country wherever they are. that means i will not hesitate to take action against i.s.i.l. in syria as well as iraq. this is a core principle of my presidency. if you threaten america, you will find no save haven. -- safe haven. second we will increase our support to forces fighting these terrorists on the ground. in june i deployed several hundred american service workers to iraq to assess how best we could assist security forces. we will send an additional 475 service members to iraq, as i have said before these american forces will not have a combat mission. we will not get dragged into another ground war in iraq. but they are needed to support iraqi and kurdish forces with training intelligence and equipment. we'll also support iraq's efforts to stand up national guard units to help sunni communities secure their own freedom from i.s.i.l.'s control. across the border in syria we have ramped up our military assistance to the syrian opposition. tonight i call on congress again to give us additional authorities and resources to train and equip these fighters. in the fight against i.s.i.l. we cannot rely on an assad regime that terrorizes its own people that will never regain a legitimacy it has lost. we must have a counter weight against extremists like i.s.i.l. while positioning syria's crisis once and for all. third, we will continue to draw on our substantial counterterrorism abilities, working with our partners we will redouble our efforts to cut off its funding improve our intelligence strengthen our defenses counter its warped ideology and stem the flow of foreign fighters into and out of the middle east and in two weeks i will chair a meeting of the u.n. security council to further mobilize the international community around this effort. fourth, we will continue to provide humanitarian assistance to innocent civilians who have been displaced by this terrorist organization. this includes sunni and shia muslims who are at grave risk as well as tens of thousands of christians and other religious minorities. we cannot allow these communities to be driven from their ancient home lands. so this is our strategy: and in each of these four parts of our strategy america will be joined by a broad coalition of partners. already allies are flying planes with us over iraq. sending arms and assistance to iraqi security forces and the syrian opposition. sharing intelligence, and providing billions of dollars in humanitarian aid. secretary kerry was in iraq today meeting with the new government and supporting their efforts to promote unity and in the coming days he will travel across the middle east and europe to enlist more partners in this fight, especially arab nations who can help mobilize sunni communities in iraq and syria to drive these terrorists from their lands. this is american leadership at its best. we stand with people who fight for their own tree dom and we rally other -- freedom and we rally other nations for common security and common humidity. approach here at home, i have the authority to address the threat from i.s.i.l. but i believe we are strongest as a nation when the president and congress work together. so i welcome songal support for this -- i welcome congressional support for this effort in showing americans we are unitiey united in -- approaching this danger. any time we take military action there are risks involved, especially to the service men and women 0 carry out these missions. but i wanted the american people to know how these efforts are different. it will not involve american fighting troops fighting on foreign soil. steady relentless effort to take out i.s.i.l. wherever they exist using our air power and our support to partners on the ground. this strategy of taking out terrorists who threaten us while supporting partners on the front lines is one that we have successfully pursued in yemen and somalia for years and it is consistent with the approach i outlined earlier this year. to use force against anyone who threatens american core interest to address broader challenges to international order. my fellow americans. we live in a time of great change. tomorrow marks 13 years since our country was attacked. next week marks six years since our economy suffered its worst setback since the great depression. yet despite these shocks, through the pain we felt and the grueling work required to bounce back, america is better positioned today to seize the future than any other nation on earth. our technology companies and universities are unmatched. our manufacturing and auto industries are thriving. energy independence is closer than it's been in decades. for all the work that remains our businesses are in the longest uninterrupted stretch of job creation in our history. despite all the divisions and discord within our democracy, i see the grit and determination and common goodness of the american people every single day. and that makes me more confident than ever about our country's future. abroad, american leadership is the one constant in an uncertain world. it is america that has the capacity and the will to mobilize the world against terrorists. it is america that has rallied the world against russian aggression and in support of the ukrainian people's right to determine their own destiny. it is america our scientists our doctors our know-how that can help contain and cure the outbreak of ebola. it is america that helped remove and destroyed syria's declared chemical weapons so they cannot pose a threat to the syrian people or the world again and it is america that is helping muslim communities around the world not just in the fight against terrorism but in the fight for opportunity and tolerance. and a more hopeful future. america, our endless blessings bestow an enduring burden. but as americans, we welcome our responsibility to lead. from europe to asia, from the far reaches of africa to war torn capitals of the middle east. we stand for freedom for justice for dignity, these are values that have guided our nation since its founding. tonight, i ask for your support in carrying that leadership forward. i do so as a commander in chief who could not be prouder of our men and women in uniform. pilots who bravely fly against danger in the middle east and service members who support our partners on the ground. when we helped to prevent the massacre of civilians trapped on a distance mountain here is what one of them said. we owe our american friends our lives. our children will's remember that there was someone who felt our struggle and made a long journey to protect innocent people. that is the difference we make in the world. and our own safety, our own security, depends upon our willingness to do what it takes to defend this nation and uphold the values that we stand for. timeless ideals. that will endure long after those who offer only hate and destruction have been vanquished from the earth. may god bless our troops and may god bless the united states of america. >> the president of the united states address to the nation tonight. announcing a broad coalition to fight the islamic state group. this coalition would continue to have air strikes over iraq, also, advisors, u.s. advisors would be sent on the ground, additional advisors to train but no combat troops on the ground. at the same time, the president said he is ready to take action against the islamic state group in syria and support syrian opposition groups. he also announced humanitarian aid to the area. i have ray suarez, mike viqueria in washington, david schuster is in new york. let me go to mike viqueria first. your reaction mike. >> john the president of the united states trying to prepare the american public for what he says is going to be a sustained campaign against the terrorists of the islamic state group. systematic comprehensive and sustained were the phrases the president used to describe an expansion of the air strikes now across the border into syria, striking at islamic state strong holds and as you pointed out expanding the u.s. footprint, 450 more advisors, bringing up the number to about 1500. within the islamic state itself, john. >> was it short on details ray? >> he promised to degrade and destroy the islamic state, said it's not islamic and not a state. but does threaten the united states and its allies. he remarkably balanced the need to widen the war into yrts where the united states has david schuster -- syria where the united states has stayed out until now. and promised not to get the united states involved in combat operations on the ground in iraq once again. and interesting balancing act altogether. >> and david did he convince the american people, that's the question. >> that is the question john, it was a very safe and cautious speech but that matches a very safe and cautious and perhaps restrained policy. it's hard to imagine the americans be excited about we may have air strikes, as oaf pod to the president's more strong language. does that out pace the somber approach i think that's the area where the statements will lie. mike lyons, what did you think? >> i think the president saying america will lead, we wanted to hear that, he is also engaged, we don't have a strategy anymore, he clearly said: we have a strategy. and those four outlines give the joint chiefs and the military commanders enough to get started. >> i have jamie tarabay from al jazeera.com. how do you think this is going to be received in iraq and the middle east? >> i think the devil's going to be in the detail. it depends on how the saudis are going to take it. they're agreeing to provide a training area for syrian occupation, how iran's influence in iraq is going to change and how iraqis are going to do in response to this. >> mike viqueria a broad coalition but no details on that coalition. >> right. >> is that because they're just not ready yet? do they have names they could give us and they're just not ready to? >> we know that saudi arabia is certainly involved in the coalition, and we can expect jordan to be as well. secretary kerry is making the rounds as we speak. when would these expanded air strikes start? the administration today, top administration officials telling reporters that the training and equipping of the moderate vetted opposition, there's that phrase again that the administration likes to use to describe the free syrian army which will require a vote if the united states is going to be equipping them with military arms overtly, they are already doing so covertly through the cia, that is not a requirement to start these air strikes, they are not certain, sort of beat their chest sort of phrase, at the time and place of our choosing. i have to tell you after the mixed messages over the course of the last several weeks of the administration, particularly in the wake of the gruesome videotape murder of james foley and followed by steven sotloff, the administration was stumbling all over themselves, they have the secretary of state and the chairman of the joint chiefs, saying i.s.i.s. is going to have to be routed out of syria if they are going to be defeated. the secretary of the defense says it is the worst that they have seen, implying it was worse than al qaeda prior to september 11th. and john biden saying, we will chase them to the gates of hell. and a strategy, not putting the cart before the horse. i think what the president was doing was resetting the board in the terms of getting everybody on the same page including the american public who has been seeing this back and forth over the last several weeks and is wondering what's going on. >> ray, the president talked about supporting syrian opposition groups and that seems a delicate matter. the united states is a syrian opposition grupt. grupt -- group. who do you decide to help? >> it wasn't clear who you help and the president overruled many of his own advisors who wanted to get involved sooner begin training and equipping syrian forces and there was a lot of fear in other circled are circles about where these arms might end up and who these fighters might end up being. it wasn't at all clear then, and when i hear this phrase vetted forces i'm not sure it is at all clear now. syria was seen as a tinder box and one the united states might not successfully navigate. keeping it in the air and training people on the ground may be the safest way forward. >> the president talked about a broad coalition. let's listen to that speech. >> america will be joined by a broad coalition of partners. already our partners are sending intelligence and providing billions of dollars in humanitarian aid. >> you know what strikes me david schuster about this, about this fight against the islamic state, is this is an enormous undertaking for the united states of america. and you know, whether or not the united states people -- the u.s. people get on board, that may be determined weeks or months down the road. right? >> right and john, the tough gritty military work here at least from the air is being provided only by the united states. it is true that there are coalition members that are flying in humanitarian splice but for instance great -- supplies but for instance great britain who flew combat missions in the iraq war, the great that great britain could do is fly humanitarian supplies. so when it comes to attacking islamic state that is all on the shoulders of the united states and perhaps the president was referring to help from saudi arabia, who is going to be enlisted in training of these groups and that's going to take a while. but at least for a while the primary military mission is carried out solely by the united states. >> how long does it take to get the broad coalition to get involved militarily? >> we have some practice this it, there will be other nato countries involved. the united states will synchronize those maps. the air force is looking they beat them back on these road networks they gain the upper hand very quickly and take care of looking at strikes inside syria, going for command and control areas they recognize. you'll see drones going over syria to collect as much information as possible. >> jamie are you still there? >> yes i am here i am. >> we talked about the reaction overseas and we had sue turton on and said the iraqi people aren't optimistic necessarily but waiting for something to happen. you spent a lot of time there. can you give us your impression of what the iraqi people want to hear? >> i think it really depends on what is happening on the ground and ultimately this is what the president was talking about when he congratulated the new iraqi prime minister and the push to see signs from him haider al-abadi for an inclusive government. the risk here is that yet again the sunni population in iraq is going to be faced with another awakening. whether they choose to agree this time as they did last time you remember the u.s. military managed to convince many of the sunni population and the insurgents in particular to lay down their arms and join with the americans to actually beat back al qaeda in iraq. but how ultimately they were not given space and time and room to be part of the iraqi security forces. >> that seems to put a lot of pressure on a brand-new government. >> it's technically not that brand influence. the guy who is in charge is from the same party as nouri al-maliki, the previous prime minister. all those posts have not been decided yet. nouri al-maliki is a deputy prime minister now. we don't know who the minister of defense or the minister of interior is, until we see how the dust settles on the iraqi government we don't know how it's built up internally to fight this threat. >> mike we have to rely on a government that hasn't quite been built yet it sounds like. >> yes, and from the military perspective they're going to take orders from the government that's how we would expect it to go coordinating these additional soldiers from the united states they're going to be embedded with that military to help with any air strikes. we have got to make sure they're both in line. >> what is the big challenge that the u.s. military faces? >> the strong tenet, they have been attritted down for past few years as well. perhaps they could get motors t- moderates to join. but training them -- >> how you vet them how you track them down. >> and we're going to hand them equipment and a lot of it is going to be complex equipment that does require some training, not just fire and forget. >> a complicated situation for everyone. stand by we've got more coverage coming up. up next our special report, the rise of the islamic state group. our in-depth look at what it is, how it came to power. a $2 billion war chest. how the islamic state group is funding its expansion seizing and then governing large parts of iraq and syria and how to stop it. the steps the allies need to take to counter the islamic state group and its advance. all that coming up next, don't go away. . >> powj uj veils his plan to -- powj unveil -- president obama s his plan to fight the islamic state. who is the i.s, can the u.s. build a coalition to stop it? our special report, the rise of the islamic state. >> i'm john siegenthaler in new york. moments ago president obama announced an escalation in the battle against the islamic state group. the president says the u.s. will not be restrained by borders and will begin launching more air attacks including more possible strikes inside syria. the u.s. has resisted military intervention in the syrian conflict for more than three years. we get more on the president's address with mike viqueria who is live at the white house. mike what struck you by the president's speech? >> systematic, and sustained. over the course of last month into syria attacking strong holds held by the islamic state group. john i have to say as the bits and pieces of this speech start to sink in fascinating that he did not mention any of the potential allies in this much ballyhooed coalition. i think that's a perception issue, the united states does not wan to go it alone. they want to have other arab nations, other sunni arab nation to back them. in fact saudi arabia would be taking part in a number of ways principally by training moderate opposition. interestingly, the president did not mention or make illusions in it, in his speech at least as far as i can remember as i watched it. it does really go to point out the sensitivity of this and yet the importance of having allies within the region. let's listen to a little bit more of what the president had to say on that score. >> america will be joined by a broad coalition of partners. already, allies are flying planes with us over iraq, sharing intelligence and providing billions of dollars in humanitarian aid. >> john, it seems to me that a lot of this hangs on two very tenuous contingencies. number 1, the administration says now that there has been a new government formed in baghdad, the iraqi government, this was the precondition, they could move forward with a more robust military strategy. but that this new government is going to make any more headway in being inclusive and bringing together any of these sects and sectarian divide open warfare that is besetting iraq, the free syrian army, the proxy that they are going to use against the islamic state group and the bashar al-assad regime which is still in damascus, are they campaignable reliable and trustworthy, will the arms stay there or end up in the hands of the terrorists as they have been doing in the last several weeks john. >> i've been going over the speech on paper as well. and whether the president -- we made a lot about what the president was going to do in syria in these attacks from the air in syria but didn't hear a lot about that from the president did we? >> we didn't. you know there's no question that the point of this speech was to prepare the public for an expansion of this air campaign. and while it is true the campaign that exists now in iraq will also be beefed up to a major degree, the president also announcing he's sending in some 474 more advisors, technical advisors military advisors into iraq to assist the iraqi national forces and the kurdish peshmerga forces that force is now coming up to some 1500 as well as the air campaign now that is over 150 air strikes in the course of the last month john. >> all right mike thank you very much. we heard about the president's plans for international coalition. our nick schifrin joins us from the middle east bureau with more on that, nick. >> yes, john as you and mike were just discussing the president did not name a single country that the u.s. is looking for to help to fight the islamic state, but the top of the list certainly are two countries that are normally enemies of each other. iran and saudi arabia. saudi arabia as mike's been mentioning will now host a training ground for moderate syrian rebels who will fight the islamic state, will also fight president bashar al-assad who is supported by iran which is now on board with the islamic state, and fighters are fighting inside of iraq alongside the u.s. not necessarily coordinated but certainly on the same side inside iraq. what the u.s. needs to do what president obama said tonight readying more between the lines really is that it needs a kind of coalition of the willing as president bush used before the first iranian war. we just got a fact sheet of all the member nations that are contributed, 37 pages long starting with albania, there is a sense that the u.s. wants to give that everyone is on board but it's really deadly serious because the u.s. cannot defeat the islamic state without help. it cannot defeet islamic militarily. it needs to have a large alliance across the region not only saudi arabia and kuwait, united arab emirates, they need to be on board, turkey, many of the foreign fighters that we've been talking about so often in the last few weeks have come over the turkish border into syria. the u.s. knows it simply cannot defeat the islamic state without their help. it is very sensitive for many of these countries, jordan, there will not be any public recognition what they're doing but behind the scenes their help and all these countries' help is very important. >> just how broad that coalition will be is hard to detail. many americans had never heard of the islamic state group. jonathan betz has been following their lightning movement across the middle east. jonathan. >> since it's changed its name repeatedly, many the president as you heard, still refer to it as i.s.i.l, islamic state of iraq and the levant, or i.s.i.s, islamic state of iraq and syria. they are both translations of the group's original arabic name. but recently it dropped the last half of the name, and calls itself islamic state, and calls itself a caliphate. the o ottoman empire was one. the islamic state group is so violent and so feared. not even al qaeda will work with it. some in the west consider it a significant danger. >> what we see in syria and now in iraq in terms of i.s.i.s. is the most serious threat to britain's security that there is today. >> reporter: for months, rebels have been claiming territory across syria and then iraq. demanding people of other faiths convert to islamic pay a tax or be killed. >> it's grotesque acts of violence show all the warning signs of genocide. >> reporter: it's fighters are -- its fighters are armed with american weapons abandoned by retreating iraqi forces. >> i think their accounts have grown substantially above any other group. >> reporter: the group began as part of al qaeda in iraq as part of the american invasion in 2003. but as fighting broke out next door in syria, strict interpretation of islamist law, where mannequins faces must be covered. it's leader, abu bakr al-baghdadi is a mysterious figure captured by the u.s. forces in 2005 but later released. he declared himself the leader of all muslims and openly challenges america. he now commands a force of 15,000 strong that uses slick social media campaigns to recruit fighters, including many westerners and dozens of americans. >> my name is, from america. >> many from troubled backgrounds. >> living in the west, i know how you feel. >> reporter: a recent study found a surprising number of european recruits. 6% are new to islam. many are second or third generation immigrants. have no experience in fighting. around no connection to -- and no connection to syria. >> they have a sense of wanting to begin to something so a lot of the imagery that is used by the radical folks, the radical mullas is attractive to them. >> take a look at this. in just over a year the islamic state group has made huge gains. it runs this area like a government with courts and schools. it now controls a third of syria and much of iraq. this is an area roughly the size of minnesota and john, it is fight being for even -- fighting for even more land. >> and jonathan betz thank you. we heard the president say he is going to send 475 more military personnel to train iraqis and syrians to fight islamic state group. when those forces get there it will be a total of 1600 american military personnel in the area trying to train syrians and iraqis. that's so far. and we hear from this statement from defense secretary chuck hagel night on the president's speech. ed the men and women of the u.s. armed services are ready to carry out orders to work across government and to work with our friends and allies around the world to accomplish this mission. who will be part of the coalition still we do not know yet. part of stopping the islamic state group is targeting its deep pockets. by some accounts it may be the wealthiest rebel group ever. paul beban is here on this part of the story paul. >> john the difference between the islamic state group and the other groups is that islamic state does not rely heavily on outside funding, it is almost entirely self-financed, that's going to make it very hard to hit this group in the wallet. with a lightning strike series of bombings, beheadings and military victories, the islamic state has quickly morphed from a scrappy startup to a brutally well financed organization. >> they marry ideology, a sophistication of tactical military prowess. they are tremendously well funded. oh this is beyond anything that we have seen. >> reporter: the group's rapid rise have been fueled in part by seizing oil fields, thousands of barrels brings in an estimated $2 million to $3 million a day. while oil is a key revenue stream, analysts say the real strength flows from its diversified portfolio. >> they have multiple local funding resources, this includes oil refining, shipment, trade, granaries, sale of government equipment, syrian, iraqi and former american equipment, kidnap for ransom, theft of antiquities and taxation of local people don't forget they have 6 million people under control. >> reporter: in june the group hit the jackpot when he captured the iraqi city of mosul netting hundreds of millions of dollars in cash and valuables and then that's what retreating iraqi troops left behind. top of the line military hardware from america, tanks vehicles small arms and stock piles of ammunition. estimates of the group's total complete worth runs up to $2 billion. social media strategy, broadcast its savage bloody events to the world. >> illicit fundraising inside iraq and the dplaitions they are getting -- donations they are getting they are a force to be reckoned with for a long time. >> keeping their war and propaganda machines firing on all cylinders. >> the treasury department released a memo yownt lining how it is going to -- outlining how it is going to go af after the group. perhaps tellingly it didn't say much about what it is going to do about that. reading behind the lines john it's not going to be easy. >> paul beban, thank you very much. as paul mentioned, men money and munitions fueled the group's expansion but long term its survival, much more mundane, the intent to govern. patricia sabga reports. >> plundered state-of-the-art u.s. made military hardware but beneath that formidable war low pressure lies the key to the islamic state's staying power, a simple highly effective top-down bureaucracy. >> there's sort of core set of functions that the islamic state seeks to put in place as soon as it overruns a village or district or even a province, that ends up looking very hierarchical. >> capitalizing on power vacuums in war torn syria and disenfranchised sunni area of iraq, the islamic state draws heavily from experienced workers in the area it captures. i.s. typically elects a local elir, law enforcement and financial administrators to collect and redistribute money generated through extortion looting and oil sales, and looks to restore essential services like electricity. this frawrt not only feables the islamic state group to govern its considerable swath of territory, it presents a daunting challenge by making the organization stronger than any single individual or group of individuals who could be killed by air strikes or combat raids. air strikes may contain the islamic state group's advance but it still generates an estimated one to $3 million a day. >> if i.s.i.s. is able to continue to raise the amount of money that it is now it will be able to lie low. if air strikes are effective against it and probably come back later, like it has in the last three months. >> reporter: leaving it poised to fight another day. patricia sabga, al jazeera. >> and we should tell you the speaker of the house republican john boehner has just announced that he supports the president's plan. we expect to hear more of that. islamic state group has committed war crimes and crimes against humanity. this is the example of what its done in the last year. >> a rigid interpretation of islamic law the islamic state group has forced more than 1 million people from their homes in syria and iraq. last month it cornered tens of thousands of members of the yazidi sect on sinjar mountain in northern iraq. the u.s. launched air strikes and dropped food and water for them. there is often a choice convert to its style of islam or die. others have endured public beatings and amputations, there have been reports of mass executions, including syrian troops lined up and shot. christians are desperately trying to flee the region out of fear of persecution. what the i.s. group fighters have also destroyed shrines considered sacred by other religious groups. one was the tomb of jonah blown up in july. to recruit new fighters, the most disturbing, the videotaped beheadings of two american journalists. the fighting in iraq is having a devastating effect on since across the country. nearly on civilians across the country. temporary shelter in mosques and other buildings and over 2 million syrian refugees living in iraq. food clean water material for shelters. iraqi american's zena sabi, author of between two worlds which documents her experience growing up in iraq under saddam hussein. zena welcome back. give me your reaction of what you heard from the president? >> well, it's like a quick reaction, a military reaction to the middle east as opposed to a lock term reaction, instead of playing a whack a mole game. the united states did not win world war ii by only mill tried intervention. it stainless steeled -- i.t. stabilized, bill military intervention -- >> shouldn't it be first the military intervention to symptom the islamic state or not? >> we inanniversarieded iraq more than 11 years ago. we're halfway down the game now. we need a long term thing. i.s.i.s. is recruiting young people from across the middle east and europe because they do have a vision, they address the psychological needs of these young people. >> explain what that is. >> one is a return to a glorious time in the muslim empire. this is a historical time for it but for a lot of muslims there was a glorious time and there is a need to return to it in accordance to the failure of most modern nation states now. a lot of governments are failing youth so i.s.i.s. is appealing to youth by promising them, we're going to return you to a glorious time. second, 60% of the region's population are under the age of 30 with huge unemployment in the region and that does include iraq and does include syria. unless we undress this underpinning in the middle east of increased youth population, gap in the middle east then we are constantly doing this military intervention that does not have long term solutions. >> let me respond to what i heard you say. >> okay. >> which is maybe the united states -- there was a lot of talk about nation building after the u.s. invaded iraq unsuccessful right? >> well, i don't think there was ever a plan of nation building. as a matter of fact, the word nation building, as congress and senate was a dirty word as opposed to we have to take a long term strategic vision of nation stabilization and that does include building employment and stabilizing people's life. in iraq as we talk there is still no electricity, six hours of electricity they still -- >> to help the iraqis with electricity right, they spent billions of dollars trying to do it. >> actually all records of the united states never had a strategic vision of how to rebuild iraq, it was always a military vision, never a development vision. >> so if the islamic state provides money and support, to that vacuum, other than military, if it comes in and it builds schools and builds infrastructure, then what -- are you saying that people will follow? is that -- >> yes, i think actually that's what happened. to give you an example, iraq was completely self-sustainable in terms of food up until the invasion, up until the 2003 invasion. now all of us, you cannot find any local produce from iraq and the reason for that is, many reasons including there's no electricity, no pumping of water but also because the farmers were offered more money from terrorist organizations and militia groups than they were by the subsidies of the government which america lifted off the iraqi farmers. so yes at the end of the day people make short term immediate decisions of what is good for me and my livelihood today and we have to address that underpinning psychological needs for every individual. >> it is really an important thing we forget to look at whether we're talking about the military, thank you zena. still ahead, it's been 13 years since the 9/11 attacks. how the american mission in the area has changed. changed. >> our special report, the rise of the islamic state. >> tomorrow marks 13 years since our country was attacked. next week marks six years since our economy suffered its worst setback since the great depression. yet despite these shocks, through the pain we felt and the grueling work required to bounce back, america is better positioned today to seize the future than any other nation on earth. >> live pictures from new york city and the world trade center. tomorrow many americans across the country will use the day to give back, as part of the 9/11 national day of service. and al jazeera will have special coverage, the 9/11 remembrance that begins tomorrow morning 11 eastern time. the attack triggered a swift response from washington, d.c. and then president george w. are bush, he launched america's so-called war on terror. tonight we look at al qaeda and the rise of the group. >> 13 years after 11 al qaeda is not what it once was. >> if you look at the two big indicators of what makes a global jihaddist groups strong, money largely from the gulf the islamic state is far outpacing al qaeda. >> reporter: there was a string of post-9/11 attacks, bali, jakarta, madrid, islamabad, others but never another strike inside the u.s. even so some analysts say al qaeda and its offspring remain a potent threat, especially aqap,. >> put a person in an airplane over detroit with a bomb. and that bomb failed but nonetheless that is very long-reach. considerable capability. >> reporter: but even without pulling off another attack on the size of 9/11, borne deadly roots, the attacks at fort hood, the boston marathon and a failed attempt to bomb times square. and the alon loon loan wolf, whs america. >> cat loving florida kid before he carried out a suicide attack in syria. now the u.s. is focused on the islamic state group also known as i.s.i.s. its leader, abu bakr al-baghdadi is a shad ohy figure who was actually imprisoned by u.s. forces in iraq back in 2005, he was later released and the u.s. is now offering a $10 million bounty for his death or capture. the group has drawn in fighters for 80 countries including europe and the u.s. the fear is that some will return home ready to do damage. >> i.s.i.s. could certainly operationalize, and tell them your mission is to train and return to the u.s. >> reporter: focused on consolidating its gains and shownly interest in attacking the u.s. or europe, but the tactics of violent groups are forever changes. paul beban, al jazeera. >> let me bring back retired army major, truman national security projects mike lyons. 13 years ago, 9/11, the u.s. did not anticipate al qaeda and now has not anticipated the islamic state. how have we gotten here? >> we have not been reactive here, not had a d czar, we thout things were taken care of. whether we think bit we have been spending the last 13 years to prevent another 9/11. what is that event going to be, is there going to be another attack on the home land? if we are going to fight this enemy we'll fight it eight time zones from here. not on our shores. >> thank you mike lyons. that's our coverage. "consider this" has a special guest tonight, former u.s. senator george mitchell with antonio mora. i'm john siegenthaler, i'll see you tonight. >> president obama makes his case to the american people to destroy the islamic state group. also a former islamic extremist, talks about living under a constant death threat. hello i'm antonio mora, welcome to "consider this," those and other stories straight ahead. >> america will lead a broad coalition tool
>> this disease can be contained and defeated. >> is free of the virus. >> nurse kasi hickox heads to main. >> the governors of new york and new jersey stand by their mandatory quarantine. >> it is commonsense, we are not moving an inch. >> is this about politicians appearing tough at the expense of individuals. >> a private, blunt memo. >> taking exception with the president obama's administration own strategy. >> regarding syria. >> this is a complicated issue. >> big bang reverberating through the catholic church. >> pope francis says evolution and the big bang theory don't reflect. >> the magic religion you say we are part of - that's not what we are. >> oh, god. >> n.a.s.a. officials are trying to figure out what caused an unmanned commercial rocket to explode. >> we begin with president obama firing back against states requiring a mandatory quarantine for health care workers returning from west africa. >> they are doing god's work. they are doing that to keep us safe, and i want to make sure every policy we put in place is supportive of their efforts, because if they are success. we are not going to have to worry about ebola at home. >> the president was updating u.s. efforts to fight ebola in africa. the comments were clearly a rebuke to new jersey governor chris christie, and governors of other states and declared mandatory 21 day quarantines for those returning from the hot zone. something the c.d.c. is not necessarily. nurse kasi hickox became the first to face quarantine after arriving in new jersey. she denounced the policy. governor chris christie is not backing down. >> i understand that the c.d.c. is behind on this. this is commonsense, and the members of the american public believe it is commonsense. we are not moving an inch. >> there was good news on tuesday. nurse amber vinson walked out of emory hospital, ebola free after two weeks of treatment. >> while this it a day tore celebration and gratitude i ask that we not lose focus on the thousands of families that labour under the burden of the disease in west africa. >> vinson's trip on a melbourne airline and the case of dr craig spencer who went bowling and rode the new york city subway the night before he was diagnosed ignited calls for quarantines. joining us to discuss the response is a spokesperson from the world health organisation who travelled to guinea and sierra leone and witnessed the effort to contain ebola there. good of you to join us. the world health organisation latest situation report says that the number of ebola cases worldwide is believed to be more than 10,000. health officials predict we could be seeing 10,000 new cases a week by december. is that the case. >> i want to clarify one thing. when we talk about the 10,000, it's cumulative. there's not 10,000 people sick with ebola. more than half died. many of those people survived. we are talking about thousands of cases. but it's still awful and it's something you don't want to continue. it doesn't only effect the people in the countries, but elsewhere as well. indeed, if efforts are not ramped up. we could see the numbers. you mention they are calculated based on a number of factors. it's a range of 5,000, perhaps 10,000 per week in the months to come. it's not a prediction. just a calculation. >> it's exponential growth compared to what we have seen. is enough getting done. the u.s. facilities, and we sent a lot of people over there to help out. those facilities will have 1700 beds. if we conceivably see thousands of new cases every week, that seems to be a drop in the bucket. >> i don't think it's a drop in the bucket. i think the new facilities opened up is important. the challenge is once they are built, you need to have the health care workers to staff them. it's a big challenge. there are people who are voluntaried. countries like cuba, which sent health care workers. but you need teams that can manage the health care workers, that have structure in place, take hold and run and manage it. that's the change that my colleagues are reporting. that you have people who are willing to work, but you need the teams that are used to working and it will make a difference to the people on the ground. you don't need people sick with ebola cared for by family members, that's when one person can infect more than one, two and three people. in the treatment centers, there's less of a risk. >> you need the health care workers, but 450 health care workers are thought to be infected with ebola in west africa. the report says they are infected outside the treatment centers. i am not sure i understand that. we are trying to get to the bottom of how the nurses in dallas were infected. in that context, is it hard to get health care workers to go to west africa. >> i think health care workers by definition have a scientific broach. what you highlighted is -- approach. what you highlighted is important. health care workers are not getting sick within the ebola treatment centers, where they are treated head to toe. we have seen cases where it's happening in the community. where they are looking after someone after work or a loved one, a family member. that's where some of the exposure is coming as well. health care workers look - need to look at working conditions, what they can be, but the treatment centers are some of the best controlled environment. the issue of how to deal with health care workers returning from west africa is a big issue in the united states, and calls for stringent quarantines which have been criticized because of your concern, the w.h.o.'s concern, that if the quarantines are in force, people, when they come back, have to be quarantined for 21 days, that that will stop health care workers from going there. you said: and the president of the w.h.o. said the three countries in west africa need at least 5,000 health care workers more to fight the epidemic. itted the numbers you... >> the numbers you look at are around that. 5,000 international workers. you need dozens of thousands, almost 100,000 local health care workers. that's why the international community is looking at training up the local workers, those on the ground willing to work, want to work and help their country men in a passionate wait, it's a personal decision. that's a thing. the other thing is the international community is working on training people up locally. we don't though if quarantines will have a chilling effect on the woksers willing to go in. but all the other types of functions or support needed on the ground. lodgize stirns, those that work with and spread the right message. >> it's a major effort. samantha power visited sierra leone, and tweeted: do you think we'll catch up to the train? >> that's language that w.h.o.'s director-general used for month, the vary us is ahead of -- virus is ahead of us, we are running after the virus. we felt everything we are putting in place has not gained traction. we are hoping that will happen. we are seeing a ramped up event, the call continuing to go out, and european teams, african teams in negotiations, interested in coming in. it hasn't happened yet. we have to keep that sense of hope. it's the only thing we can do. of course we'll win, it's a question of when. >> let's hope it's soon. so many lives depend on your efforts. >> appreciate you joining us from the w.h.o. ebola is one of a cascade of international problems that the president obama administration is trying to manage. this week controversy's exploded over u.s. policy in syria and israel. in public defense secretary chuck hagel said the strategy is working. he's reportedly saying something different behind the scenes, arguing in a memo that the syria policy is in danger of unraveleling, because it's not clear what would happen to bashar al-assad. he did not address the memo when asked about it in a phomn penh briefing on thursday -- pentagon briefing on thursday. >> it's a complicated issue, we are assessing, readapting to the realities of what is the best approach. how we can be most effective. that is a responsibility of any leader. and because we are a significant element of this issue, we owe the president, and we owe the united states security council our best thinking on this. and it has to be honest and direct meanwhile, a report on an anonymous white house source that criticized israeli prime minister binyamin netanyahu put the administration on the defensive. >> we condemn anybody who uses language such as used in the article, that does not reflect the president, nor me. it is does graceful. unacceptable damaging and neither president obama nor i - i have never heard that word around me in the white house. >> for more, we joined from washington d.c. from ambassador james who served under obama. and security advisor under george w. bush and a fellow at the washington sthoout. ambassador, good to have you on the show. secretary hagel dodged a question from the "new york times" report that he has reservations on the report from syria. he had questions about how bashar al-assad may benefit from attacks, and added that u.s. policy supports bashar al-assad being removed from power. you have been vocal about the administration's problems dealing with syria, but now the secretary of defense doing it, in what has come out in a public way? >> i don't think he's doing it in a public way. there were leeks. for governments to work properly. secretaries of state have to make points, including criticism of public policy without reading about them in the paper. be that as it is, there are questions about the campaign against i.s.i.s. are we using the right materials, resources, and what do we do with bashar al-assad. he mate not be our biggest problem, but is the problem of our allies. >> is it evidence, split between the defense don't and the white house, the state department and the white house, because we see an ongoing issue with messaging coming out of the white house, and the two secretaries and their departments over the past few weeks. >> there's no problem with differences of opinion between the white house and one or other agencies. i see that all the time. you have to work through them. what concerns is us disagreements over basic policy. we should use american ground troops to fight i.s.i.s. the president opted not to. it's understandable. even if i think it's wrong. >> to decide that our policy is to destroy i.s.i.s., but to use an air power only strategy, without putting in some ground of observers and trainers basically is undercutting policy of not going to ground troop. i suppose the inconsistent sis are leading to a lot of deficiencies of what we see, going beyond what we sense in trying to find out what is going on in the white house, and stretry of state and defense's minds. if you see the reports and rumours that the president is looking to shake things up, but many point to a problem at the white house, something that we have discussed, that there is top-down management, that the president relies on close advisors at the white house, and is not paying attention to people at state and defense. >> i think president obama is a strong leader. he'll surround himself with people that will serve his interests and do his bidding. the problem is president obama's philosophy. he doesn't thing there are military answers to problems that confront us in the world, and would like to do other things than what he needs to do in the middle east or ukraine. i think he's fundamentally wrong, and i don't thing it can be fixed by better communications in the communication, or this or that western week shifted. >> president blumenthal said the president may better be served by replacements. will be see a shake up? >> you may get a shake-up as a reaction to news reports and popular unhappiness, that will be manniest, just as we saw reaction to i.s.i.s.'s extraordinary remains. will he many it? if the shake-up and personnel as we saw with the president, cams with a shake-up in policies, they'll see a different white house and policy to what we have done now. >> let's shift gears to israel, and the white house in damage control over comments made about prime minister binyamin netanyahu. calling him a chicken expletive, calling him a coward. and we had the defence minister in the u.s., apparently not able to have the meetings he wanted. how big of a split is there between the white house and tel aviv. >> it's sewers, and importantly, it's personnel. the charges have no place in dip loam as si. it's lom cynical, machiavellian effort to try to promote your national interests while giving the other guy some of his or her natural interests. and this is what we are not doing with binyamin netanyahu. he is a leader of israel. he's been re-elected several times. we have to deal with him if we are serious about running a global policy. are we serious. if we are, you hold your nose and deal with other leaders. if it's not important. you can have personal crunch. >> will there be fall out from this? >> i think israelis are very concerned about this. their security is in the hands of america, ultimately, and their own. i think they are troubled by this. this is not a good thing. israel will not change its policies, it does what it does because it believes it's going the right thing. we'll have to figure out what we need from israel, what we want to do with israel and change the tone. >> ambassador james jeffrey, good to have you with us. >> thank you. >> "consider this" will be right back. chai and 45 year old retoto. >> so even when we have elephants that are sharing the same space together, they often times choose just to share opposite ends of the exhibit. >> a growing body of evidence shows that zoo elephants thrive when they are able to socialize with each other in a herd of three or more. the a.z.a. is requiring all of its accredited zoos with less than three elephants, increase their herds or phase out their programs and donate their elephants to other zoos. animal rights advocates say that's not enough. >> what would you like to see for these elephants? >> i would like to see them retired to a sanctuary where they can roam on vast acres of land. >> but curator martin ramirez believes zoos have a duty to breed new elephants and sanctuaries are meant for the animals to live out their days, not procreate. >> there you go, perfect! >> ramirez hopes that providing an up close and personal experience will inspire everyone to join the effort to save the elephants. turning now to the pope - he was chosen to lead the catholic church less than two years ago. as pope francis he led a revolution, his statements on the poor, homosexuals, divorced, catholics, sex abuse scandal and evolution have been received warmly outside the church, but not necessarily on the inside. a correspondent from a main newspaper and author of "pope francis, life and revolution", joins us in new york. a pleasure to have you with us. >> thank you. >> you were a friend of his. he called you within 12 hours of being named pope, and two hours later on your birthday. he has been criticized by some for calling people, paying his own bills, living simply, not in the papal palaces. you came up with a wonderful expression to criticize his critics, that it's the scandal of normality. has he remained normal now that we are almost two years into his papacy. >> absolutely. he is someone with the foot on the ground. he is authentic. for that reason, people love him, because he is someone that has a message to say, a method that goes beyond the kath like church -- catholic, and a method that reaches muslim, jews, buddhists and a message that reach more the non-catholics than catholics, and this is big since the first moment he was elected. he has an ability to connect with people. the famous words, never before a hope has started his suspicions. >> saying good evening to people. instead of using formal expression. >> instead of a blessing or whatever. and since the first coming out, he didn't have the golderb - the golden uponivic, he wanted to stay with the silver cross. >> as a friend of his, did he want to be pope? >> of course. he was ready to retire, doing the book that i did. he is so organised and really he already had a place where to go and retire, a home for elderly priests. he had the room number, number 13. and he was ready to retire and also when he was asked some months after being elected by a little girl, did you want to be a pope. he said "someone must be totally crazy to want to be a pope." >> is he happy being hope? >> if you see him, on wednesday, in general orders, you see a happy manful when i meet argentinian priests and see him, and then i ask them how did you find the pope? how do you find padre. >> they would say as he would have always been a pope. he has an inner peace. he's totally serene, and this is the difference with benedict. i say benedict started the revolution, stepping down and decided "i arrived here, and i step down." but here we have a man of government, a man that is using all his life to have a position. >> power. >> and facing a lot of difficulties, and nose how to nav -- and knows how to navigate. >> he faces a lot of difficulties, he comes to a church with all sorts of scandals, the corruption scandal. the vatican leaks problem. he has had to go in and make serious reforms that has not made him that popular among some of the church's hierarchy. >> in a sense he has the mandate of the cardinals. in the preconclave meeting they want someone to face the problems, the scandal of paedophilia, a bank accused of money laundering, a vatican that stole documents. they wanted someone to do the clean-up that he is doing. >> how is he being received when the church's established. some call him a dema going, a pol u lift. some are not happy, don't like that he's not living in the papal apartments and would like the more formal tradition. >> there is resistance. he's not just challenge the status quo, he's like a tsunami, there's a hope that is a free man that has the courage to do things in a different way. and for instance, as you mentioned. he says "i want to go and leave elsewhere." >> do you think he'll be a revolutionary pope. he has done things differently and spoke out about a lot of things in ways that other popes have not. >> i think the revolution already started. we have a church that he wants a church that is not condemning people. he ask... >> he wants a missionary, merciful church. >> a merciful church, one this remembers that god had mercy, and that god include everybody, doesn't want to church of exclusion. a church for just little - just a little community. and this is - is he asking. a change of attitude, also to the pastors, that he ask pastors with the smell of the sheep. this is very challenging, because it's a church that reaches out, that wants to build bridges, and not go and scaffold people and condemn and judge, and a church that wants to see with this god merciful, that nose that each person, each different person has something positive to give. >> he's a fascinating man and a fascinating look at this man. the book is pope francis, life and revolution. it's in stores and online. >> we turn to the spectacular explosion of a rocked headed to the international space station. the antares rocket ignited into a fireball seconds after it launched on views from virginia. speculation as to what happened focussed on the old russian built engine. wednesday, an atlas rocket launched from cape cannes avarrel with a modern russian engi engine. joining us is derrick pitts from franklin institute science museum. the rocket used was refurbished, but it was a 40-year-old soviet product, built to send cosmonauts to the moon and moth balled. how did orbital science end up using the old soviet engines? >> once the russians decided that they were not going to use the engines, they made them available for other rocket companies, other launch services to use. they were acquired for use because they provided the thrust levels needed for the pay load lifting that orbital sciences wanted to do. skins russian rocket motors are reliable, very reliable, it could make sense to make use of something in existence, that is well cared for as a moth balled piece of equipment and refurbish it and test it. that's how a rocket motor like that can come to be used in a launch situation like this. >> when asked about the engines in a press conference, here is what frank colbert son of orbital sciences said. >> the engine was available to us, it was proven in testing in russia. and when you look at it, there's not many other options around the world in terms of using power plants of this size, and not in this country. >> elon musk, the head of spacex, a major competitor said in 2012: you know, to his point, spacex makes its own engines, and we saw the launch on wednesday of ta different type of rocket with a russian engine, but a more modern one. >> yes, that's true. what musk company decided to do was build a rocket engine that they could use for the current needs and future needs, realising that they would need heavy lift capability, so they chose to design their own rocket engine. the question of whether rockets could be made use of, that's for orbital sciences to explain whether this particular type was the perfect one to use, as opposed to other versions that may have been available. they say that perhaps there is no other one available, and so they'll have to answer that question as to why they chose that one in particular. >> it's a big question, and has a 1.9 million contract. hundreds of millions were lost. and the cop lost a quarter of a billion in market value. it had successful missions before. how significant a setback is this for the commercial space programme, and the contracts that various companies have with n.a.s.a.? >> well actually, everybody in this business realises that there's a high degree of risk involved here. what they, of course, do, the engineers try their best to drive down the risk as low as they can get it. everyone understands that these are machines that operate at extremes of temperature and pressure. and because of that, if there is a failure, it's difficult for a failure to be a minor one in a situation like this, especially when the temperatures vary from 200 degrees below zero to 500 above. and with very volatile fluids. that risk is always there. >> now does it affect the rest of the market. >> everyone realises or should realise, and looking back at the history, we see every one of the companies involved in trying to involve greater access to space, outside of n.a.s.a. and other countries had the same thing happen. they all have had failures, they know it's a stumbling block, and they move forward after figuring out what the failure was, and correct it. >> a question always is the companies have to make money, is it possible na corners were cut -- possible that corners were cut. it's far cheaper for the american taxpayer to have private companies do this than to have n.a.s.a. do it. >> that's true. the private companies do not have the overhead that n.a.s.a. has to operate upped. that makes it -- operate under. this is the kind of work that should be done as n.a.s.a. is doing it, outsourcing it so that n.a.s.a. can do the big research project that it does best, and let the other companies, like spacex and orbital sciences and sierra nevada and the others, do the work of carrying supplies up to international space station. it doesn't mean that they can cut any corners in terms of quality of material or adherence to safety, any of those things. they are required to keep the same level of quality assurance, and safety protocols as n.a.s.a. has always been required to do. >> given how catastrophic this failure was, how long will it take for them to figure out what went wrong. will they be able to? >> i think they'll do a good job figuring out what went wrong. they keep incredible records of what is happening in the records as it happens. they have data streams telling them what is happening in the engine. because they tested it several times on a test. they have test profiles of how this engine should perform, so they can check the data of what happened yesterday against the test profiles to see what went wrong. now they can look at the rest of the engines they plan to do and see if they can correct the problem. and try to do their best to reduce the risk of anything happening again. again, we have to see it as simple a bump in the road, moving towards commercial space access being provided by other providers outside of n.a.s.a. >> derek pitts, good to see you. we'll be back with more "consider this". see if they can correct the we'll be back with mor if yo today is too biased, you should have seen it in the days of abraham lincoln, filled with more opinion and fact, newspapers at the time advocated for and against candidates and issues. editors sought office and papers were tied to political parties in a way that would shock cynical critics. today. lincoln was so good at manipulating them to his political game, you may question the age-old mon core of honest aid. i spoke with harold holster editor of "lincoln and the power of the press." he is chairman of a foundation which i'm a board member. good to see you, congratulations on the book. you start with a quote from lincoln that says: that focus on public opinion is what you would expect a politician to say today, but not oflingon. >> yet -- of link on. >> yes he saw reaching the public was the only way to enshrine and end the slavery in the united states. he had a long road to travel to pursue the goals. he needed popular backing for unpopular clauses. >> it was important and unpopular causes. >> the issues were more significant than many issues we faced today. that said, it is - you see counter politicians, derided, famously bill clinton, for governing by poll, and ways that abraham lincoln was doing it 150 years ago. >> he was working closely with editors, highly politicized - republicans or democrats. openly so, no disguising or masking behind the idea of nonpartisanship. newspaper men, editors, were part and parcel of political organizations and vice versa. editors, office holders and politicians saying "what i want to do is own a newspaper." people are going back and forth, constantly through the civil war to pursue the goals. if you get the prize, if you reach success, if you win a political office, much less, the presiden presidency, the highest office, the rewards were immense for editors. political patronage, printing contracts, advertising, and the patronage could include political jobs, ambassadorships. lincoln emtide a lot of republican newspaper offices when he became president, because they got great jobs. >> exactly. he manipulated the press. >> he wrote letters through the war saying "my little paper, the national republic." he identified it as his official organ, he never spoke to them again. i wish you fulfil the advertising contract you promised, i know you don't think it's important, but you do. not just because they shared a compassion for issues, and they did, but the reward at the end. >> i didn't know he partially owned a newspaper, because he saw it as an effective way to promote his career. >> this makes him not so honest. he kept it a secret. like he thought there was something a little smarmy about it. >> there kind of was. >> not only a newspaper, but a newspaper published in german, which he didn't know. he made his own contract. you would agree, because of your background as a lawyer, you don't do your own. he d his own. he said the newspaper had to be conformable with republican dogma. at the end of 1860, the presidential year, the editor could have the paper back, the profits, all he had to do was support, get lincoln elected. the editor did as he was tole. >> it may have helped him. >> the germans were moving to the west. >> illinois, ohio, making the states go from red to blue. the editor got his paper back, but he was made consule to vienna. >> patronage again. >> exactly. >> you described that he believed in journalistic freedom, but you described that he had the most wide-spread censorship of any u.s. president ever. >> it's almost unimaginable. at the right of the succession crisis, the administration began to move against newspapers in new york city, in - more undzably in border states on the brink of succession. baltimore newspapers, kentucky, and new york city, a hot bad of pro-southern sentiment, and during the civil war, close to 200 newspapers were suppressed by being benighed mailing rights. shut down, editors thrown into prison. francis scott key wrote "star spangled banner" because he was expressed with the flag flying at fort mchenry. gris grandson was -- his grandson was flown into fort mchenry for writing bad editorials. >> irony. the biased that existed then has not been seen before or then, despite what we complain about. >> without apology. they were straight forward about being shady. >> the back is "lincoln and the power of the press." we'll be back with more of "consider this". >> america votes 2014 midterms it's all come down to this... >> you are going to determine whether i'm going to be the next senator from iowa >> the candidates last chance to convince voters they're the one... they will stop at nothing to get your vote >> david young, how are you? >> run for congress >> it's important to be out here talking to voters >> director aj schnack's unprecedented series concludes >> it's certainly something that doesn't exist in politics on television >> america votes 2014 midterms only on al jazeera america do bigger babies have a better success at life than smaller counterparts. doctors used the weight at birth as all that a baby needed for a great start. a study in florida shows that bird weight is not destiny, but it helps. babies weighing 7 pounds were healthier and did knert at school. the heavier a baby, more likely it will fare well at school. i'm joined by chicago, by david, a co-author of the study, which will be published in "the american economic review", and a professor at university, and a director for policy research. good to have you with us. this is an amazing study, a lot of people, every child in florida over an 11 year period and found bigger babies did better. some of the figures are start lipping. you averaged a 10 point -- startling, you averaged a 10 pound baby would do higher on s.a.t.s. >> yes. we don't know exactly what is going on behind the scenes with birth weight, but no matter how big a baby is, a little more weight is a good thing. it's true, doesn't matter if you are white, african american, latino, et cetera, the same relationship is there for everyone. >> what you are saying about the heavier, 8 pound, 7 pound, 9 pound babies and so on. you did find that it's not determinative, that nurture can overcome nature. >> i think that both are very important. it's absolutely the case that the more advantaged you are from asocioeconomic perspective, the better you do in life. it's also the case that the more advantaged you are from a neonatal health, the better you'll do in life. the two add up together. >> you know, it's really very significant because kids who do well in elementary school, then are more likely to go to college, they are more likely to make money and live longer. so this is a significant finding. >> that's right. you are more likely to get married, have children. more likely that your children are going to be successful. it's an important thing. >> and meanwhile, many parents are trying to schedule their infant's birth date around 39 weeks of gestation. in 2012, 14% spent up to 41 weeks, near the end of a full period of gestation. a lot of babies are not making it to 39 weeks. the message here is that mother should think about keeping their pregnancies going as long as approximately. something that probably will not be popular. >> well, i'm a father of three kids. my wife and i couldn't wait to get the kids out when the time was coming. >> we all felt that way. >> what is important here is that we have evolved over a long time to have a certain length of gestation. and in come regards the study is ag a little about perhaps we shouldn't second-guess nature. >> i know the recommendation has been not to induce birth before 39 weeks unless there are health issues. but people were, you know, after 39 weeks scheduling, you know, niece induced births to -- these induced births to not have the longer pregnancies. do you think doctors will say hey, you should not induce unless it's necessary. >> it's one study. our the study is great compelling, i think, and i think that if we start to see more studies like this from more and more place, the message will get clear and clearer. if i knew the results of these skuddies when high kids were enutero, i would be pushing hard not to have my babies induced. it's not clear what actually happens with the greater birth weight that makes the difference. >> no, we don't know yet. again. i'm not an obstet rigs. we know that ute rigs makes a difference, and that in those last couple of weeks of gestation, kids are putting on 3-4-5 ounces a week, and translates into brain power. >> it's a fascinating study. pleasure to have you with us. >> thanks for having me. >> "consider this" will be right back. dick covet is an influential talk show host, and some of his interviews are memorable. i sat with him for a new education of "talk to al jazeera", and discussed his new book. we started with his very public discussion of his battles with depression. >> at one point after i had been tonne two or three shows -- been on two or three shows talking about it. my doctor said "are you sure you want to be the poster boy for depression?" the reward is if someone comes up and says "you saved my daughter's life", another wom in said "if covet can admit this and get through it, i can." it's rewarding. it's a dreadful agony and has to be treated as we see in many show people. i wrote an article for "time," about robin williams death, and how it strikes the show folk, and you can fill a page with names more than next. >> an interview was with john cary, secretory of state. back then he was a vit nam vet on the show with another vietnam vet. and the nixon white house was not happy with you. >> they imagined i could use this word about a president sneakily, prepped a young guy, a right winger, to oppose kerry, a left winger - tv booking. as they saw it. kerry was effective, so was the other fellow. the white house was not thrilled. it was a moment where nixon said to his lick-spittle - an elizabethan term, what can we do to screw him. have you seen your name mentioned by the president of the most powerful man of the country who wants to screw you. >> not in that context. >> and a co-conspire ator found a way. my staff told a friend who had been on my staff years ago, i was audited. she said "so was i, when was you?" it was right after that. one of nixon's favourite hobbies - of his illegal ones - was punishing people with the i.r.s., as you know. he hurt the smaller people who didn't make money, i was audited every year without nixon, and to be without nixon is a blessing. another was marlon brando breaking the jaw of a papa ratso, 8 inches from my face. i loved brando, always, never dreamed to meet him, let alone have him on the show. >> you had dinner and he punched him out. >> we went to chinatown, and the key moment was "don't you get tired of taking all the same picture", and he leans in "what?" "don't you get" - boom, like this, a shot from the side walk, a sneak punch in the middle of a mildly spoken sentence, as marlon did in two movies i can cite when they were not looking. i saved his life. the next morning his hand was the size of a grape fruit and called a doctor and described it. he said "get him over here fast", there were a couple of movements we may not have had had i not saved my friend's life. >> i want to ask about a couple of questions jack told you not to ask and high speed. who do you like? >> no way you can say. i mean, you can say who won a race or jumped the highest or knocked the most pins down. how can you say among... >> so mope. >> hepburn, betty davis, brando, orson wells and 100 more, that one is a favourite? but, if you persist in your folly, impressing me with this, i would have to confess that groucho meant the most to me. >> who did you dislike the most? >> spiro agnew was a piece of nothing. and it kills me that i had him on, they put him on the show - before we learnt we had two criminals in the white house, the president and the vice president, a great moment history. they put him on, said he has a good sense of humour, and he has a lot of cartoons, you point to it and he'll say funny things, saying "yeah, the way they did your eyes", interesting. that's what you don't want on your talk show. >> haulent phonies -- how about phonies, people who were great, when the camera was on, and were terrible. >> i didn't like burt larks. he was gooey and insulting and boring. but a wonderful man in private life i hear, if he's watching from somewhere. >> i know you had a close relationship with mohammed ali. >> ali, as i said in the book was just about my friend or years. he stayed at my house in the country. my wife was in new york. she called, he was alone. i went to collect his wife. they were in a motel, but they wanted to stay in my life. ali picked it up and he heard "darling." he said "this ain't darling, i'm the 3-times champion of the world and i'm lying in her bed, watching tv", she said, to her credit, "i'm going to put a plaque on that bed, mr ali", more than what she did pore me. >> we won't go there. >> dick's new book is in stores around the country. that's all for now. the conversation considers on the website. we are on facebook and twitter@aj consider this and tweet me @amoratv. see you next time. the bodies were dumped in a mass grave just below this house. those who were killed are believed to have been held here after they were kidnapped. only a few of the bodies have been identified. kidnappings have increased
and defeated. >> is free of the virus. main. >> the governors of new york and new jersey stand by their mandatory quarantine. >> it is commonsense, we are not moving an inch. >> is this about politicians appearing tough at the expense of individuals. >> a private, blunt memo. >> taking exception with the president obama's administration own strategy. >> regarding syria. >> this is a complicated issue. >> big bang reverberating through the catholic church. >> pope francis says evolution reflect. >> the magic religion you say we are part of - that's not what we are. >> oh, god. >> n.a.s.a. officials are trying to figure out what caused an explode. >> we begin with president obama firing back against states requiring a mandatory quarantine for health care workers returning from west africa. >> they are doing god's work. they are doing that to keep us safe, and i want to make sure every policy we put in place is supportive of their efforts, because if they are success. we are not going to have to worry about ebola at home. >> the president was updating u.s. efforts to fight ebola in africa. the comments were clearly a rebuke to new jersey governor chris christie, and governors of other states and declared mandatory 21 day quarantines for those returning from the hot zone. something the c.d.c. is not necessarily. nurse kasi hickox became the first to face quarantine after arriving in new jersey. she denounced the policy. governor chris christie is not backing down. >> i understand that the c.d.c. is behind on this. this is commonsense, and the members of the american public believe it is commonsense. we are not moving an inch. >> there was good news on tuesday. nurse amber vinson walked out of emory hospital, ebola free after two weeks of treatment. >> while this it a day tore celebration and gratitude i ask that we not lose focus on the thousands of families that labour under the burden of the disease in west africa. >> vinson's trip on a melbourne airline and the case of dr craig spencer who went bowling and rode the new york city subway the night before he was diagnosed ignited calls for quarantines. joining us to discuss the response is a spokesperson from the world health organisation who travelled to guinea and sierra leone and witnessed the effort to contain ebola there. good of you to join us. the world health organisation latest situation report says that the number of ebola cases worldwide is believed to be more than 10,000. health officials predict we could be seeing 10,000 new cases a week by december. is that the case. >> i want to clarify one thing. when we talk about the 10,000, it's cumulative. there's not 10,000 people sick with ebola. more than half died. many of those people survived. we are talking about thousands of cases. but it's still awful and it's something you don't want to continue. it doesn't only effect the people in the countries, but elsewhere as well. indeed, if efforts are not ramped up. we could see the numbers. you mention they are calculated based on a number of factors. it's a range of 5,000, perhaps 10,000 per week in the months to come. it's not a prediction. just a calculation. >> it's exponential growth compared to what we have seen. is enough getting done. the u.s. facilities, and we sent a lot of people over there to help out. those facilities will have 1700 beds. if we conceivably see thousands of new cases every week, that bucket. >> i don't think it's a drop in the bucket. i think the new facilities opened up is important. the challenge is once they are built, you need to have the health care workers to staff them. it's a big challenge. there are people who are voluntaried. countries like cuba, which sent health care workers. but you need teams that can manage the health care workers, that have structure in place, take hold and run and manage it. that's the change that my colleagues are reporting. that you have people who are willing to work, but you need the teams that are used to working and it will make a difference to the people on the ground. you don't need people sick with ebola cared for by family members, that's when one person can infect more than one, two and three people. in the treatment centers, there's less of a risk. >> you need the health care workers, but 450 health care workers are thought to be infected with ebola in west africa. the report says they are infected outside the treatment centers. i am not sure i understand that. we are trying to get to the bottom of how the nurses in dallas were infected. in that context, is it hard to get health care workers to go to west africa. >> i think health care workers by definition have a scientific broach. what you highlighted is -- approach. what you highlighted is important. health care workers are not getting sick within the ebola treatment centers, where they are treated head to toe. we have seen cases where it's happening in the community. where they are looking after someone after work or a loved one, a family member. that's where some of the exposure is coming as well. health care workers look - need to look at working conditions, what they can be, but the treatment centers are some of the best controlled environment. the issue of how to deal with health care workers returning from west africa is a big issue in the united states, and calls for stringent quarantines which have been criticized because of your concern, the w.h.o.'s concern, that if the quarantines are in force, people, when they come back, have to be quarantined for 21 days, that that will stop health care workers from going there. you said: and the president of the w.h.o. said the three countries in west africa need at least 5,000 health care workers more to fight the epidemic. itted the numbers you... >> the numbers you look at are around that. 5,000 international workers. you need dozens of thousands, almost 100,000 local health care workers. that's why the international community is looking at training up the local workers, those on the ground willing to work, want to work and help their country men in a passionate wait, it's a personal decision. that's a thing. the other thing is the international community is working on training people up locally. we don't though if quarantines will have a chilling effect on the woksers willing to go in. but all the other types of functions or support needed on the ground. lodgize stirns, those that work message. >> it's a major effort. samantha power visited sierra leone, and tweeted: do you think we'll catch up to the train? >> that's language that w.h.o.'s director-general used for month, the vary us is ahead of -- virus is ahead of us, we are running after the virus. we felt everything we are putting in place has not gained traction. we are hoping that will happen. we are seeing a ramped up event, the call continuing to go out, and european teams, african teams in negotiations, interested in coming in. it hasn't happened yet. we have to keep that sense of hope. it's the only thing we can do. of course we'll win, it's a question of when. >> let's hope it's soon. efforts. >> appreciate you joining us from the w.h.o. ebola is one of a cascade of international problems that the president obama administration is trying to manage. this week controversy's exploded over u.s. policy in syria and israel. in public defense secretary chuck hagel said the strategy is working. he's reportedly saying something different behind the scenes, arguing in a memo that the syria policy is in danger of unraveleling, because it's not clear what would happen to bashar al-assad. he did not address the memo when asked about it in a phomn penh briefing on thursday -- pentagon briefing on thursday. >> it's a complicated issue, we are assessing, readapting to the realities of what is the best approach. how we can be most effective. that is a responsibility of any leader. and because we are a significant element of this issue, we owe the president, and we owe the united states security council our best thinking on this. and it has to be honest and direct meanwhile, a report on an anonymous white house source that criticized israeli prime minister binyamin netanyahu put defensive. >> we condemn anybody who uses language such as used in the article, that does not reflect the president, nor me. it is does graceful. unacceptable damaging and neither president obama nor i - i have never heard that word around me in the white house. >> for more, we joined from washington d.c. from ambassador james who served under obama. and security advisor under george w. bush and a fellow at the washington sthoout. ambassador, good to have you on the show. secretary hagel dodged a question from the "new york times" report that he has reservations on the report from syria. he had questions about how bashar al-assad may benefit from attacks, and added that u.s. policy supports bashar al-assad being removed from power. you have been vocal about the administration's problems dealing with syria, but now the secretary of defense doing it, way? >> i don't think he's doing it in a publicway. there were leeks. for governments to work properly. secretaries of state have to make points, including criticism of public policy without reading about them in the paper. be that as it is, there are questions about the campaign against i.s.i.s. are we using the right materials, resources, and what do we do with bashar al-assad. he mate not be our biggest problem, but is the problem of our allies. >> is it evidence, split between the defense don't and the white house, the state department and the white house, because we see an ongoing issue with messaging coming out of the white house, and the two secretaries and their departments over the past few weeks. >> there's no problem with differences of opinion between the white house and one or other agencies. i see that all the time. you have to work through them. what concerns is us disagreements over basic policy. we should use american ground troops to fight i.s.i.s. the president opted not to. it's understandable. even if i think it's wrong. >> to decide that our policy is to destroy i.s.i.s., but to use an air power only strategy, without putting in some ground of observers and trainers basically is undercutting policy of not going to ground troop. i suppose the inconsistent sis are leading to a lot of deficiencies of what we see, going beyond what we sense in trying to find out what is going on in the white house, and stretry of state and defense's minds. if you see the reports and rumours that the president is looking to shake things up, but many point to a problem at the white house, something that we have discussed, that there is top-down management, that the president relies on close advisors at the white house, and is not paying attention to people at state and defense. >> i think president obama is a strong leader. he'll surround himself with people that will serve his interests and do his bidding. the problem is president obama's philosophy. he doesn't thing there are military answers to problems that confront us in the world, and would like to do other things than what he needs to do in the middle east or ukraine. i think he's fundamentally wrong, and i don't thing it can be fixed by better communications in the communication, or this or that western week shifted. >> president blumenthal said the president may better be served by replacements. will be see a shake up? >> you may get a shake-up as a reaction to news reports and popular unhappiness, that will be manniest, just as we saw reaction to i.s.i.s.'s extraordinary remains. will he many it? if the shake-up and personnel as we saw with the president, cams with a shake-up in policies, they'll see a different white house and policy to what we have done now. >> let's shift gears to israel, and the white house in damage control over comments made about prime minister binyamin netanyahu. calling him a chicken expletive, calling him a coward. and we had the defence minister in the u.s., apparently not able to have the meetings he wanted. how big of a split is there aviv. >> it's sewers, and importantly, it's personnel. the charges have no place in dip loam as si. it's lom cynical, machiavellian effort to try to promote your national interests while giving the other guy some of his or her natural interests. and this is what we are not doing with binyamin netanyahu. he is a leader of israel. he's been re-elected several times. we have to deal with him if we are serious about running a global policy. are we serious. if we are, you hold your nose and deal with other leaders. if it's not important. you can have personal crunch. >> will there be fall out this? >> i think israelis are very concerned about this. their security is in the hands of america, ultimately, and their own. i think they are troubled by this. this is not a good thing. israel will not change its policies, it does what it does because it believes it's going the right thing. we'll have to figure out what we need from israel, what we want to do with israel and change the tone. >> ambassador james jeffrey, good to have you with us. >> thank you. turning now to the pope - he was chosen to lead the catholic church less than two years ago. as pope francis he led a revolution, his statements on the poor, homosexuals, divorced, catholics, sex abuse scandal and evolution have been received warmly outside the church, but not necessarily on the inside. a correspondent from a main newspaper and author of "pope francis, life and revolution", joins us in new york. a pleasure to have you with us. >> thank you. >> you were a friend of his. he called you within 12 hours of being named pope, and two hours later on your birthday. he has been criticized by some for calling people, paying his own bills, living simply, not in the papal palaces. you came up with a wonderful expression to criticize his critics, that it's the scandal of normality. has he remained normal now that papacy. >> absolutely. he is someone with the foot on the ground. he is authentic. for that reason, people love him, because he is someone that has a message to say, a method that goes beyond the kath like church -- catholic, and a method that reaches muslim, jews, buddhists and a message that reach more the non-catholics than catholics, and this is big since the first moment he was elected. he has an ability to connect with people. the famous words, never before a hope has started his suspicions. >> saying good evening to people. expression. >> instead of a blessing or whatever. and since the first coming out, he didn't have the golderb - the golden uponivic, he wanted to stay with the silver cross. >> as a friend of his, did he want to be pope? >> of course. he was ready to retire, doing the book that i did. he is so organised and really he already had a place where to go and retire, a home for elderly priests. he had the room number, number 13. and he was ready to retire and also when he was asked some months after being elected by a little girl, did you want to be a pope. he said "someone must be totally crazy to want to be a pope." >> is he happy being hope? >> if you see him, on wednesday, in general orders, you see a happy manful when i meet argentinian priests and see him, and then i ask them how did you find the pope? how do you find padre. >> they would say as he would have always been a pope. he has an inner peace. he's totally serene, and this is the difference with benedict. i say benedict started the revolution, stepping down and decided "i arrived here, and i step down." but here we have a man of government, a man that is using all his life to have a position. >> power. >> and facing a lot of difficulties, and nose how to navigate. >> he faces a lot of difficulties, he comes to a church with all sorts of scandals, the corruption scandal. the vatican leaks problem. he has had to go in and make serious reforms that has not made him that popular among some of the church's hierarchy. >> in a sense he has the mandate of the cardinals. in the preconclave meeting they want someone to face the problems, the scandal of paedophilia, a bank accused of money laundering, a vatican that stole documents. they wanted someone to do the clean-up that he is doing. >> how is he being received when the church's established. some call him a dema going, a pol u lift. some are not happy, don't like that he's not living in the papal apartments and would like the more formal tradition. >> there is resistance. he's not just challenge the status quo, he's like a tsunami, there's a hope that is a free man that has the courage to do things in a different way. and for instance, as you mentioned. he says "i want elsewhere." >> do you think he'll be a revolutionary pope. he has done things differently and spoke out about a lot of things in ways that other popes have not. >> i think the revolution already started. we have a church that he wants a church that is not condemning people. he ask... >> he wants a missionary, merciful church. >> a merciful church, one this remembers that god had mercy, and that god include everybody, doesn't want to church of exclusion. a church for just little - just a little community. and this is - is he asking. a change of attitude, also to the pastors, that he ask pastors with the smell of the sheep. this is very challenging, because it's a church that reaches out, that wants to build bridges, and not go and scaffold people and condemn and judge, and a church that wants to see with this god merciful, that nose that each person, each different person has something positive to give. >> he's a fascinating man and a fascinating look at this man. the book is pope francis, life and revolution. it's in stores and online. >> we turn to the spectacular explosion of a rocked headed to the international space station. the antares rocket ignited into a fireball seconds after it launched on views from virginia. speculation as to what happened focussed on the old russian built engine. wednesday, an atlas rocket launched from cape cannes avarrel with a modern engi engine. joining us is derrick pitts from franklin institute science museum. the rocket used was refurbished, but it was a 40-year-old soviet product, built to send cosmonauts to the moon and moth balled. how did orbital science end up using the old soviet engines? >> once the russians decided that they were not going to use the engines, they made them available for other rocket companies, other launch services to use. they were acquired for use because they provided the thrust levels needed for the pay load lifting that orbital sciences wanted to do. skins russian rocket motors are reliable, very reliable, it could make sense to make use of something in existence, that is well cared for as a moth balled piece of equipment and refurbish it and test it. that's how a rocket motor like that can come to be used in a launch situation like this. >> when asked about the engines in a press conference, here is what frank colbert son of orbital sciences said. >> the engine was available to us, it was proven in testing in russia. and when you look at it, there's not many other options around the world in terms of using power plants of this size, and not in this country. >> elon musk, the head of spacex, a major competitor said in 2012: you know, to his point, spacex makes its own engines, and we saw the launch on wednesday of ta different type of rocket with a russian engine, but a more modern one. >> yes, that's true. what musk company decided to do was build a rocket engine that they could use for the current needs and future needs, realising that they would need heavy lift capability, so they chose to design their own rocket engine. the question of whether rockets could be made use of, that's for orbital sciences to explain whether this particular type was the perfect one to use, as opposed to other versions that may have been available. they say that perhaps there is no other one available, and so they'll have to answer that question as to why they chose that one in particular. >> it's a big question, and has a 1.9 million contract. hundreds of millions were lost. and the cop lost a quarter of a billion in market value. it had successful missions before. how significant a setback is this for the commercial space programme, and the contracts that various companies have n.a.s.a.? >> well actually, everybody in this business realises that there's a high degree of risk involved here. what they, of course, do, the engineers try their best to drive down the risk as low as they can get it. everyone understands that these are machines that operate at extremes of temperature and pressure. and because of that, if there is a failure, it's difficult for a failure to be a minor one in a situation like this, especially when the temperatures vary from 200 degrees below zero to 500 above. and with very volatile fluids. that risk is always there. >> now does it affect the rest of the market. >> everyone realises or should realise, and looking back at the history, we see every one of the companies involved in trying to involve greater access to space, outside of n.a.s.a. and other countries had the same thing happen. they all have had failures, they know it's a stumbling block, and they move forward after figuring out what the failure was, and correct it. >> a question always is the companies have to make money, is it possible na corners were cut -- possible that corners were cut. it's far cheaper for the american taxpayer to have private companies do this than to have n.a.s.a. do it. >> that's true. the private companies do not have the overhead that n.a.s.a. has to operate upped. that makes it -- operate under. this is the kind of work that should be done as n.a.s.a. is doing it, outsourcing it so that n.a.s.a. can do the big research project that it does best, and let the other companies, like spacex and orbital sciences and sierra nevada and the others, do the work of carrying supplies up to international space station. it doesn't mean that they can cut any corners in terms of quality of material or adherence to safety, any of those things. they are required to keep the same level of quality assurance, and safety protocols as n.a.s.a. has always been required to do. >> given how catastrophic this failure was, how long will it take for them to figure out what went wrong. will they be able to? >> i think they'll do a good job figuring out what went wrong. they keep incredible records of what is happening in the records as it happens. they have data streams telling them what is happening in the engine. because they tested it several times on a test. they have test profiles of how this engine should perform, so they can check the data of what happened yesterday against the test profiles to see what went wrong. now they can look at the rest of the engines they plan to do and see if they can correct the problem. and try to do their best to reduce the risk of anything happening again. again, we have to see it as simple a bump in the road, moving towards commercial space access being provided by other providers outside of n.a.s.a. >> derek pitts, good to see you. we'll be back with more "consider this". if you think journalism today is too biased, you should have seen it in the days of abraham lincoln, filled with more opinion and fact, newspapers at the time advocated for and against candidates and issues. editors sought office and papers were tied to political parties in a way that would shock cynical critics. today. lincoln was so good at manipulating them to his political game, you may question the age-old mon core of honest aid. i spoke with harold holster editor of "lincoln and the power of the press." he is chairman of a foundation which i'm a board member. good to see you, congratulations on the book. you start with a quote from lincoln that says: that focus on public opinion is what you would expect a politician to say today, but not oflingon. >> yet -- of link on. >> yes he saw reaching the public was the only way to enshrine and end the slavery in the united states. he had a long road to travel to pursue the goals. he needed popular backing for unpopular clauses unpopular causes. >> the issues were more significant than many issues we faced today. that said, it is - you see counter politicians, derided, famously bill clinton, for governing by poll, and ways that abraham lincoln was doing it 150 years ago. >> he was working closely with editors, highly politicized - republicans or democrats. openly so, no disguising or masking behind the idea of nonpartisanship. newspaper men, editors, were part and parcel of political organizations and vice versa. editors, office holders and politicians saying "what i want to do is own a newspaper." people are going back and forth, constantly through the civil war to pursue the goals. if you get the prize, if you reach success, if you win a political office, much presiden presidency, the highest office, the rewards were immense for editors. political patronage, printing contracts, advertising, and the patronage could include political jobs, ambassadorships. lincoln emtide a lot of republican newspaper offices when he became president, because they got great jobs. >> exactly. he manipulated the press. >> he wrote letters through the war saying "my little paper, the national republic." he identified it as his official organ, he never spoke to them again. i wish you fulfil the advertising contract you promised, i know you don't think it's important, but you do. not just because they shared a compassion for issues, and they did, but the reward at the end. >> i didn't know he partially owned a newspaper, because he saw it as an effective way to promote his career. >> this makes him not so honest. he kept it a secret. like he thought there was something a little smarmy about it. >> there kind of was. >> not only a newspaper, but a newspaper published in german, which he didn't know. he made his own contract. you would agree, because of your background as a lawyer, you don't do your own. he d his own. he said the newspaper had to be conformable with republican dogma. at the end of 1860, the presidential year, the editor could have the paper back, the profits, all he had to do was support, get lincoln elected. the editor did as he was tole. >> it may have helped him. >> the germans were moving to the west. >> illinois, ohio, making the states go from red to blue. the editor got his paper back, vienna. >> patronage again. >> exactly. >> you described that he believed in journalistic freedom, but you described that he had the most wide-spread ever. >> it's almost unimaginable. at the right of the succession crisis, the administration began to move against newspapers in new york city, in - more undzably in border states on the brink of succession. baltimore newspapers, kentucky, and new york city, a hot bad of pro-southern sentiment, and during the civil war, close to 200 newspapers were suppressed by being benighed mailing rights. shut down, editors thrown into prison. francis scott key wrote "star spangled banner" because he was expressed with the flag flying at fort mchenry. gris grandson was -- his grandson was flown into fort editorials. >> irony. the biased that existed then has not been seen before or then, despite what we complain about. >> without apology. they were straight forward about being shady. >> the back is "lincoln and the power of the press." we'll be back with more of real reporting that brings you the world. giving you a real global perspective like no other can. real reporting from around the world. this is what we do. al jazeera america. do bigger babies have a better success at life than smaller counterparts. doctors used the weight at birth as all that a baby needed for a great start. a study in florida shows that bird weight is not destiny, but it helps. babies weighing 7 pounds were healthier and did knert at school. the heavier a baby, more likely it will fare well at school. i'm joined by chicago, by david, a co-author of the study, which will be published in "the american economic review", and a professor at university, and a director for policy research. good to have you with us. this is an amazing study, a lot of people, every child in florida over an 11 year period and found bigger babies did better. some of the figures are start lipping. you averaged a 10 point -- startling, you averaged a 10 pound baby would do higher on s.a.t.s. >> yes. we don't know exactly what is going on behind the scenes with birth weight, but no matter how big a baby is, a little more weight is a good thing. it's true, doesn't matter if you are white, african american, latino, et cetera, the same everyone. >> what you are saying about the heavier, 8 pound, 7 pound, 9 pound babies and so on. you did find that it's not determinative, that nurture can overcome nature. >> i think that both are very important. it's absolutely the case that the more advantaged you are from asocioeconomic perspective, the better you do in life. it's also the case that the more advantaged you are from a neonatal health, the better you'll do in life. the two add up together. >> you know, it's really very significant because kids who do well in elementary school, then are more likely to go to college, they are more likely to make money and live longer. finding. >> that's right. you are more likely to get married, have children. more likely that your children are going to be successful. it's an important thing. >> and meanwhile, many parents are trying to schedule their infant's birth date around 39 weeks of gestation. in 2012, 14% spent up to 41 weeks, near the end of a full period of gestation. a lot of babies are not making it to 39 weeks. the message here is that mother should think about keeping their pregnancies going as long as approximately. something that probably will not be popular. >> well, i'm a father of three kids. my wife and i couldn't wait to get the kids out when the time was coming. >> we all felt that way. >> what is important here is that we have evolved over a long time to have a certain length of gestation. and in come regards the study is ag a little about perhaps we shouldn't second-guess nature. >> i know the recommendation has been not to induce birth before 39 weeks unless there are health issues. but people were, you know, after 39 weeks scheduling, you know, niece induced births to -- these induced births to not have the longer pregnancies. do you think doctors will say hey, you should not induce unless it's necessary. >> it's one study. our the study is great compelling, i think, and i think that if we start to see more studies like this from more and more place, the message will get clear and clearer. if i knew the results of these skuddies when high kids were enutero, i would be pushing hard not to have my babies induced. it's not clear what actually happens with the greater birth difference. >> no, we don't know yet. again. i'm not an obstet rigs. we know that ute rigs makes a difference, and that in those last couple of weeks of gestation, kids are putting on 3-4-5 ounces a week, and translates into brain power. >> it's a fascinating study. pleasure to have you with us. >> thanks for having me. >> "consider this" will be right back. dick covet is an influential talk show host, and some of his interviews are memorable. i sat with him for a new education of "talk to al jazeera", and discussed his new book. we started with his very public depression. >> at one point after i had been tonne two or three shows -- been on two or three shows talking about it. my doctor said "are you sure you want to be the poster boy for depression?" the reward is if someone comes up and says "you saved my daughter's life", another wom in said "if covet can admit this and get through it, i can." it's rewarding. it's a dreadful agony and has to be treated as we see in many show people. i wrote an article for "time," about robin williams death, and how it strikes the show folk, and you can fill a page with names more than next. >> an interview was with john cary, secretory of state. back then he was a vit nam vet on the show with another vietnam vet. and the nixon white house was not happy with you. >> they imagined i could use this word about a president sneakily, prepped a young guy, a right winger, to oppose kerry, a left winger - tv booking. as they saw it. kerry was effective, so was the other fellow. the white house was not thrilled. it was a moment where nixon said to his lick-spittle - an elizabethan term, what can we do to screw him. have you seen your name mentioned by the president of the most powerful man of the country who wants to screw you. >> not in that context. >> and a co-conspire ator found a way. my staff told a friend who had been on my staff years ago, i was audited. she said "so was i, when was you?" it was right after that. one of nixon's favourite hobbies - of his illegal ones - was punishing people with the i.r.s., as you know. he hurt the smaller people who didn't make money, i was audited every year without nixon, and to be without nixon is a blessing. another was marlon brando breaking the jaw of a papa ratso, 8 inches from my face. i loved brando, always, never dreamed to meet him, let alone have him on the show. >> you had dinner and he punched him out. >> we went to chinatown, and the key moment was "don't you get tired of taking all the same picture", and he leans in "what?" "don't you get" - boom, like this, a shot from the side walk, a sneak punch in the middle of a mildly spoken sentence, as marlon did in two movies i can cite when they were not looking. i saved his life. the next morning his hand was the size of a grape fruit and called a doctor and described it. he said "get him over here fast", there were a couple of movements we may not have had life. >> i want to ask about a couple of questions jack told you not to ask and high speed. who do you like? >> no way you can say. i mean, you can say who won a race or jumped the highest or knocked the most pins down. how can you say among... >> so mope. >> hepburn, betty davis, brando, orson wells and 100 more, that one is a favourite? but, if you persist in your folly, impressing me with this, i would have to confess that groucho meant the most to me. >> who did you dislike the most? >> spiro agnew was a piece of nothing. and it kills me that i had him on, they put him on the show - before we learnt we had two criminals in the white house, the president and the vice president, a great moment history. they put him on, said he has a good sense of humour, and he has a lot of cartoons, you point to it and he'll say funny things, saying "yeah, the way they did your eyes", interesting. that's what you don't want on your talk show. >> haulent phonies -- how about phonies, people who were great, when the camera was on, and were terrible. >> i didn't like burt larks. he was gooey and insulting and boring. but a wonderful man in private life i hear, if he's watching from somewhere. >> i know you had a close relationship with mohammed ali. >> ali, as i said in the book was just about my friend or years. he stayed at my house in the country. my wife was in new york. she called, he was alone. i went to collect his wife. they were in a motel, but they wanted to stay in my life. ali picked it up and he heard "darling." he said "this ain't darling, i'm the 3-times champion of the world and i'm lying in her bed, watching tv", she said, to her credit, "i'm going to put a plaque on that bed, mr ali", more than what she did pore me. >> we won't go there. >> dick's new book is in stores around the country. that's all for now. the conversation considers on the website. we are on facebook and twitter@aj consider this and tweet me @amoratv. see you next time. >> surrounded by the concrete and steel of downtown detroit, a two block square of dirt is sprouting tomatoes, peppers, eggplant, broccoli, leaks and more. not just crops ready for the dinner table, but hundreds of thousands of seedlings to be shipped to plots around the city. some of that produce is served at one of the city's biggest businesses, the mgm grand casino and hotel, which donated the land and the greenhouse just across the street. >> we have hundreds of acres, if not thousands of acres available and i think this is maybe a stepping stone for the rest of the community to get involved. >> ashley atkinson helps run "keep growing detroit", whose ambitious mission is to make their town achieve what it calls "food sovereignty". >> and actually many studies have been done, including one by michigan state university, that found that only on a couple of thousand acres detroiters could be producing as much as 76% of the vegetables that we currently consume and 41% of the crops we currently consume, using the same methods that we've been teaching. >> i am so excited because i've been wanting me some okra for the longest time. >> in a city fighting to regain the stability it once drew from the downsized auto industry, the urban farm movement here offers another common cause by rallying together to grow more food from its abundant soil. a deal in yemen. houthi rebels agree to support a new government hello there. welcome. also coming up in the next 30 minutes: the battle for northern iraq. kurdish peshawar troops aim to take into account out fighters from a strategically important town. >> pallet boxes areea
useles useless. with midterm around the corner, the president does his part welcome to al jazeera america, live from new york city, i'm morgan radford. richard branson is determined to learn from the commercial spacecraft that killed one and injured another. he arrived at the moj on saturday to get a look at the wreckage. we are joined with more. what are the investigators saying? >> the passage from the wreckage is 5 miles long, kaling that the plane broke up in flight. investigators combed through the wreckage of spaceshiptwo. the aircraft launched on friday attached to a mothership. it was released at 45,000 feet. after the motor broke party and fell to the ground in pieces. co-pilot michael alsbury was killed and peter siebold ejected to safety. richard branson arrived at the scene saturday morning and says while he is committed to space tourism, he will not push on blindly. >> we are determined to honour the bravery of the pilot and the teems by learning from the tragedy. then can we move forward, united behind a desire to push the boundaries of human endeavour. >> it's unclear how far the dream will be pushed back. he hoped to take the first trip next spring the the investigation could take a year. at 8 o'clock we'll hear from investiga investigators on some of the evidence they have to work with on what went wrong this week "faultlines" looks at "space for sale", only big businesses an afford space tourism. what happens when companies try to profit off the final frontier? combat operations by the peshawar are in full gear. they are in the besieged town on the boarder between turkey and syria. hours after entering the syrian town, they launched six rockets at i.s.i.l. targets. the u.s. has been stepping up its air strikes in the region to help out. the other border between iraq and syria is becoming blurred. y i.s.i.l.'s plan is to create a calafat. we have a report from rabia, where they plan to launch an attack. >> reporter: peshawar fighters fight islamic state of iraq and levant. they are defending the town of rabia, the syrian border half a kilometre away. al jazeera is the first organization since the peshawar took control from i.s.i.l. the fighting has been intense. defending the position is vital for the kurdish forces. >> translation: rabia is strategically important because it's the main route for i.s.i.l., between syria and mosul, which i.s.i.l. controls. >> the peshawar dug in. they built high defensive mud banks and say i.s.i.l. forces attack at night. many peshawar were killed in the battle for rabia. 70,000 lived here, they fled when the fighting started. vehicles are parked among the homes. >> the general tells us that i.s.i.l. forces are over a kilometre in that direction. the peshawar retook the strategic town. with that i.s.i.l. changed their strategy. i.s.i.l. used trucks and explosives to ram positions and czech points like this. the peshawar say groups of fighters are sent on foot, who try to infiltrate the camp at night. >> they have tried to come in on foot. the day we retook zumar, they thought we deployed heavily here. we tacked here three times. they used grenades, we repel them. the question is whether the peshawar could hold the position in the coming winter months, when cloud cover will make the strikes difficult. >> the air strikes are important. the second thing is antitank weapons and night capabilities, we need engineers for clearing improvised devices. the peshawar say they could never have retaken the town without coalition air strikes and wopans, as winter draws closer, so do the defense of up to s like this also -- towns like this a dozen people are dead after a car bomb exploded in baghdad. 10,000 shia pilgrims were getting ready to leave for karbala the new wave of fighting in yemen is threatening to derail a deal to form a new government. no word on when it will take power the government is rejecting of the government in burkina faso. the military unanimously appointed this man, ltcol isaac zida as the interim leader. the announcement coming after the president of 27 years stepped down on friday, amid the protests. if power is not transferred to civilian authorities, it could freeze military cooperation. israeli prime minister binyamin netanyahu called for restraint regarding the holy site of al-aqsa mount and temple mount. a far right rabbi was shot there last week causing tension, prompting israel to close the holy site, sparking international outrage. it partially reopened. but fear of violence continued. >> pro-russian separatists head to the poll where leaders say elections are important steps towards legitimacy. the region is choosing a new president and parliament. hoda abdel-hamid has the story from donetsk. >> there's a large turn out for the elections. there's more on the streets today than over the past week while travelling around the region. there's a large queue inside this polling station. we have seen a similar scene in the regional capital, where people told us they have been waiting two hours to cast the ball odds. this is the image they were waiting for, showing the world that the struggle had popular support. a lot of people in the region left since the shelling started. separatists said they would be able to cast ballots on line. there are polling stations open across the border for the refugees. there's the issue of international observers. the o.s.c.e. is on the ground. people to perform at the agency for security and cooperation, they come from different european countries and have been touring and the polling station and have seen no indication of vote rigging. on the day the fighters dominate on the streets. they have taken a back stage. an image choreographed to give the people who have been at home an opportunity to make their voices heard. >> there are calls for a trike in bangladesh after the second leader of a key islamic party was sentenced to death. he was found guilty of crimes against humanity during the war of independence against pakistan. last week another leader from the same party was given the death sentence, and another senior member has been hanged. there was some relief from the heat and humidity. authorities restored power to most areas after a transmission line from india failed, causing the count are to plunge into darkness on saturday. there's a chilly weekend bringing snow to the south. the latest forecast with kevin corriveau. >> you would think it's cold in new york. >> not down south. down south it is slow, below freezing. we'll go through that in a moment. we are talking about snow. this is about 24 hours ago on the radar, and you can see the areas of blue and pink, that is indicating snow. we are talking about georgia, the caroliners. take a look at the video coming out of the area. ashville, 5 inches of snow fell and below it or not, they are making snow at some of the ski hearse in the appellations. the only big problem is that we have seen thousands lose their power because of it. i want to show you what happened with the snow. it made its way out here to atlantic. it is at 24 degrees. birmingham alabama, 31 degrees. atlanta feels more like 21. things will warm up. 21 degrees. can you believe that? >> i cannot. >> a new report from the u.n. find that climate change making natural disasters frequent and violent. many. countries are small island nations in the pacific ocean. people in samoa are preparing for the worst. >> two years ago a cyclone sprought trees smash -- brought trees smashing down on lester dean's bee hives. some of the believes that survived were starved of holland. the loss of bees -- starved of pollen the the loss of bees meant pollination didn't occur the next season. >> everyone lucked out. the farmers had no cash. natural disasters can have unexpected consequences. anticipating them makes sense. dean is keeping new hives away from trees. they should be protected from rain. a tsunami killed 33. survivors moved to a settlement up the hill. trees are planted along shore lines, protecting ocean surges. crops you are under plastic, protecting them from the rain. forests are replanted to act as a barrier to flash floods. communities need to be involved in that, a scale model of the landscape to explain what is done and why. >> it can be scaled up. climate change needs to be addressed. it is happening. the project is a good example. >> the gradual effects of global warming means habits need to change. there are big projects. physical bar yours are examples of thinking ahead. this is designed to sop havoc. not all examples are about action on the ground. >> a bush by the united nation is to get insurance. caused 200 billion in damage. 70% of the world has no insurance at all. in the pacific the penetration is 0.3%. i don't need to say how critically important it is to have insurance covered. >> reporter: climate change is making disasters fr went and severe. it pays to be prepared. today's report sites rising emissions of carbon dioxide, methane as other causes of changes the midterms coming down to the final stretch. up next, a senator in the political fight of his life. against an independent who is packing a political punch. reunited. after recovering from ebola, the happy reunion between fnina pha, and her beloved dog bentley and a lava threat subsiding giving home owners a bit of a break. >> every saturday, al jazeera america brings you conversations you won't find anywhere else... >> your'e listening because you wanna see what happen... >> get your damn education... >> talk to al jazeera only on al jazeera america >> oh my... there he is, president obama spent saturday urging michigan democrats to hit the polls on tuesday. he spoke at a campaign rally in detroit for garry peters and mark shower who is running for tower. he touted his own economic policies, namely how he bailed out the auto industry. he'll rally for democrats in connecticut and peninsula good morning, welcome back to al jazeera america, thank you for spending your morning with us, i'm morgan radford. a closely watched race is kansas, where pat roberts is struggling to hold onto his feet, challenged by an independent greg ormond oso wot amy kansas has 5,000 people, 20 churches, one cafe, and a history dating back before the civil war. it's a conservative place. >> most people in kansas are republican. i believe they vote republican. >> people here, like many americans, are not happy with politics and politicians. >> people are tired of the politics and the general direction that the country is going in. >> washington is not doing anything, it is broken. we need to get it fixed. >> that feeling is bad news for this man. kansas's senator pat roberts. >> ladies and gentlemen, the road to a republican majority runs right straight through kansas, and kansas will deliver. >> or maybe not this time. robert is in the fight of his political life against this man. independent greg ormond. he's a successful businessman who is not aligned with either party. >> the american public expects washington to work. they expect them to solve problems. unfortunately when we send the same people back, we don't send the message. >> greg ormond sent the senate race into a toss up. >> support crew, and in september the democratic candidate dropped out of the race in order to give greg ormond a better shot at beating roberts. >> reporter: panicked at the prospect of losing the senate, robert rolled out big-named endorsements. >> it is intention to elect pat roberts to the u.s. senate. >> roberts says greg ormond is really a democrat and an ally of president obama. whom he bitterly denounces as a reckless and flawed benefit. back at chris's cafe, in oso watt amy many feel roberts has grown out of touch. >> mr roberts has been in washington too long, hanging on to his paycheck. he has lost contact with the kansas voters. >> i'd like to see the independent in, hopefully he'll be independent. we need something fresh and new, someone that will listen to the people. >> long-time kansas political servers say greg ormond has a tough job. he faces changes of messaging and building his organization, getting people to the polls. doesn't mean he can't paul it off, but it's tough. >> polls show the race is tide. on election day, places like oso watt amy may send washington a message be sure to tune in on election night as the votes come in across the country, our america vote coverage begins tuesday, 7:00p.m. eastern, and we'll bring you a wrap up wednesday morning fireofficials are trying to figure out what sparked a fire at a house near the university of southern maine. five are dead, and another is critically injured. it happened early saturday morning in portland after a halloween party happened friday night. it's not clear if any killed were students from the local college. >> in this house, within 10 minutes it was engulfed in olympic games. -- flames. i saw a young man jump off the porch. he was rolling on n ground. >> eight escaped the burning building. it's the deadliest fighting in three decades. the doctor treated in new york for ebola is in stable condition. craig spencer contracted the virus whilst working for doctors without borders, but his fiancee is in quarantine at their apartment and has not shown symptoms of the illness. a remotional reunion after a difficult ordeal for nina pham, the first nurse to contract ebola, and now has been reunited with her dog. bentley completed his own 21 day quarantine. she contracted the disease while treating thomas eric duncan. she expressed her gratitude for bentley's care. >> thank you for helping to take care of bentley. caring for him as if he was your own, and showing america that compassion and love is abundant and alive. a dallas spokesperson said caring for bentley cost tens of thousands, but donations and grants should cover the bill. >> violence and protests over alleged police brutality. riots were in full force. protesters clashed with police, and three dozen police were arrested. demonstrators were upset over the death of an environment activist killed. >> stay tuned. because a moment of reprieve for the people in the pass of flowing lava. the destructive force slowing down, allowing home owners to breathe a sigh of relief. >> thousands of commuters in brazil jump at the opportunity to ride the bus. we'll tell you why next. officials in hawaii say lava flowing as stalled. the danger remains, and they may eventually have to evacuate. the lava has been streaming down the volcano towards town since june welcome back to al jazeera america, live from new york, i'm morgan radford. let's get a look at the national forecast with kevin corriveau. >> it's marathon day, 50,000 people, staten island. >> lots of no,,ers. >> i was at the jim abbott center - -- jabbot center, in the long -- the wrong line. the big problem is the temperature and the wind. we are talking about 42 degrees in new york city. when you factor in the wind, these are the wind gusts, 26 per mile gusts, coming from the new york, making it feel more like 25 in new york city. with the marathon, this is the start. staten island, brooklyn, queens, manhattan, into the bronx for a little bit, back across central park and end in central park. the problem is we'll see winds mostly from the north-west or the north. that will give people a head wind or a side wind. textures climbing slowly, but the wind are expected to come up through the whole thing. we are talking about 50,000 people, a million people watching this event. >> back to you. >> thank you. sao paulo is driving toward a greener future. the brazilian capital is rolling out fully electric battery powered buses. it's the first city in all of the country to do so. it's hoped to serve as a model for the rest of the world. >> reporter: it's a busy morning in the sao paulo bus terminal. some commuters will ride in to work on anything but a typical form of transportation. this is an all-electric battery powered public bus, one of several going through a trial run in sao paulo. the first of its kind in south america, and a small handful of cities around the world. in the first month they were put in operation, more than 100,000 passengers used the buses. >> translation: it opportunity make pollution, it's faster and doesn't make noise. >> reporter: it runs on rechargeable lithium iron batteries. four times a day the bus is fuelled up on electricity at this charging dock. there are more than 20,000 regular diesel powered buses lying this in the city of soo -- like this in the city of sao paulo. less than two per cent are battery powered. if this takes off and goes, it would not only have environmental, but economic benefits as well. in cities like sao paulo, they are using 10% of g.d.p., because of congestion, providing a better solution, and designing it from the beginning on in a better way. certainly it's something where a lot of cities can learn from it. city officials are optimistic on the prospects but have to prove it can work on a small scale. >> translation: this is a bus that is perfect from an environmental and performance point of view. now we are collecting analysis of financial data to see if it will permit us to do this with more buses. >> reporter: for now it's a small step, perhaps with big ramifications for the environment mexicans are observing one of their most cherished holidays called the day of the dead. for the first few days of november they remember and honour their decreased loved ones, by dressing as the skeleton lady. they set a guinness wrorld for the most kat reenas in one lace at one time coming up, it's been an expensive election season history. we look at where the most cash is spent ahead of midterm elections. voting in ferguson, missouri, we speak about how votes might be affected by the shooting death of michael brown. landlords. monitory value. >> they're being taken advantage the crisis continues. >> ground breaking... >> they're firing canisters >> ... emmy award winning investigative series. landlords. keeping hope alive for the full court of commercial space travel. the promise from sir richard branson as investigators try to piece together what went wrong in the skies above the mojave desert. >> my dog has come back from digging in the area with human remains in her mouth. this neighbourhood is becoming a cemetery search for the truth. mexican police questioned in connection with the murder of three americans three years in prison for taking part in a same-sex wedding. a nation that convicted a group of men based on this youtube videos. >> whoever the sources of the leaks are need to shut up. >> tough talk - attorney general eric holder on the leeks in relation to the grand jury in the ferguson case. >> i truly believe humanities greatest achievements come out of our greatest main billionaire richard branson visits the scene of the crash that kid a pilot. vowing to bring his mission to space despite the deadly accident. good morning, welcome to al jazeera america, live from new york. i'm morgan radford. >> investigators descended on mojave desert, looking for part of wreckage. they hope to find what caused the test flight to crash. ross shimabuku joins us with more. >> more than a dozen ntsb members combed plough -- through the wreckage. it had six cameras and cameras through the mothership. >> we under the risks involved. we are not going to push on blindly. to do so would be an insult to all those affected. >> reporter: richard branson vowed to investigate the crash that milled michael aalst brie, a father of who with a decade of flight experience. peter siebold was able to eject and parachuted to safety. he is recovering in hospital. the ntsb is gathering dater scattered across the mojave desert, five files long. >> when the wreckage disperses it indicates in-flight break-up. documentation is important. >> reporter: investigators combed through the wreckage of virgin galactic spaceshiptwo. the aircraft launched for a test flight, attached to a mothership "white knight ii." at 45,000 feet emphasise released, soon after the motor broke apart. >> we have to go to the sites and the extensive amount of data. that's why we have the work cut out for us. i'm not complaining, it's a good thing we have that data because it will help us do what we have to do. >> the ntsb says the investigation could take up to a year. it's unclear how far the crash will set richard branson back on his dream. the british billionaire hoped to take the first flight to the edge of space next spring. >> we are determined to honour the bravery of the pilots and the teams here by learning from the tragedy. only then can we move forward, united behind a collective desire to push the boundaries of human endeavour virgin galactic spaceshiptwo was testing a new enjoying mixture. what is left of the motor may hold clues for the ntsb investigation. >> thank you ross shimabuku another investigation into a fire that killed five at a house near the university of southern maine. one person was critically injured, and now it's not clear if any of those killed were students from the college. planes broke out erty saturday morning in portland after a halloween party. >> the house within 10 minutes was engulfed in flames. a young man jumped off the pomp, engulfed in -- porch, engulfed in flames. he was rolling on the grounds. >> officials say it's the deadliest fire in main in three decades. >> a new twist in the case of three americans killed in mexico. on saturday the attorney-general said investigators talked to local police about the disappearance of the three. their bodies found last thursday with bullet wound to the head. investigators in southern mexico are checking graves to see if they contain 43 missing school students. a number of sites are being tested. as adam raney reports, the discovery tells a story of continuous violence. this poor but peaceful neighbourhood is where some of the mass graves outside iguala were found. a warm after noon, friend, family. in the shacks, people are afraid, telling stories of horror and fear. >>: >> reporter: people around here keep to themselves. why risk crossing anyone? they know the price they could pay. i asked a federal policeman on duty if he heard the same stories, that this had been a place where cartels buried their victims. . >>: >> reporter: now, police will not let us go further beyond this point. some of the graves outside iguala are about 2km up this road. locals tell us that at any time of day or night for years, cars would go up the hill quite full, but when they came down, they were pretty. empty. this man lived here for nearly three decades and sleeps on a dirt floor. he would rather be poor than join the gangs. >>: >> reporter: three of his nephews have been missing for years. he often rights poetry dealing with death. his latest poetry is in honour of the 43 missing students. >>: pash >> reporter: the students' fate is unknown. this man, living close to death, can only imagine the worst. so far as many as 30 bodies have been found in mass graves, but officials say none match those of missing students israel's cabinet agreed a penalty for stone pelters, part of a crack down on terrorists. he urged the parliament to show rerecording the al-aqsa mosque. it's been at the heart of tensions between israeli and palestinians in recent weeks, after a far right rabbi was shot, prompting israel to close the site sparking international outrage. it's been partially reopened. there are concerns of the violence there's a propaganda video out from boko haram. in it the leader denies ceasefire negotiations with the nigerian government and says the 276 abducted schoolgirls have a new life and long forgotten. al jazeera's correspondent reports. >> reporter: the video that broke many hearts, showing a man purporting to be the leader of boko haram, who says that the more than 200 girls kidnapped were converted to islam and married off >> translation: don't you know the over 200 chibok schoolgirls converted it islam. they have memorized two chapters of the koran. >> he denied a ceasefire. >> what negotiation. we do not negotiate. what is or business with negotiation. allah said we should not. >> the government announced it reached a peace agreement with the armed group, raiding homes the kidnapped girl would return. >> we received the ceasefire. because of the previous arrangement that did not translate to having the girls released. >> the nigerian authorities are yet to comment on the video released by boko haram. officials are hopeful that the dialogue officiated will lead to a breakthrough. boko haram resisted talks of ceasefires with the government. attacks are continuing. people believe it could be a failed attempt to end the violence that killed thousands and displaced hundreds of thousands. >> in the past week there has been breaches by the armed group, and more territory has been taken by the fighters. with a new video released by boko haram, all nigerians can do is wait for either a breakthrough or a victory by the government boko haram's leader is one of the most wanted men in the world. the state department put a $7 million boundary on his head. the polls are open in eastern ukraine where pro-russian separatists are choosing a new president and parliament. leaders say the elections in donetsk and luhansk are important steps towards limbing mate. the e.u. and the united states and n.a.t.o. say they will not accept the vote no matter the outcome. hoda abdel-hamid has more. >> reporter: there's a large turn out for the elections. we have seen more people on the streets today than over the past week whilst travelling around the region. there's a large queue in this polling station, but we have seen similar scenes in donetsk, where people told us they've been waiting up to two hours to cast the ballot. this is the image separatist leaders hoped for, an image that would show the world that the struggle has popular support. a lot of people that live in the region left since the shelling started, while the separatists and commission says they'll be able to count the ballots online, or there are polling stations open across the border in russia for refugees that have gone there. there's an issue of international observers, the o.s.c.e. is not underground. how far, there are people from - to perform agency for security and cooperation in europe, they come from different european countries, and have been touring around the polling stations. they say that so far they have seen no indication of vote rigging. on the day, the fighters are dominating on the streets, have taken a back stage, it's an image that is carefully choreographed, to give the people who have been sitting at home, watching the conflict, the opportunity to make the voices heard. >> fighting in the ukraine claimed more than 4,000 lives since it broke out in april residents cleaning up in southern california after a massive mud slide brought in heavy equipment to haul off the mess. 20 were effect rude after a rain storm struck the region on saturday. two homes were damaged. an early blast of weather and carve is here with a -- kofb is here -- kevin corriveau is here with a little more. >> there's a whole lot more. if you want warm weather you have to go to the south-west. phoenix 56. texas - the warmest place in the country. down to the south-east, a major snow storm pushed through yesterday. it's a radar 24 hours ago. look at the video coming out of georgia, where they saw snow across central georgia. we saw winds up to 40 miles per hour. 10,000 losing power, that has gotten better, and conditions are getting better. into the carolina, they were dealing with a similar situation. i want to show you the video. let me tell you what happened in ashville. we saw five inches of snow falling across that area. believe it or not. they are pumping out the snow makers at the ski areas. the system moved off. whether we would see natural snow. at atlanta, you are at 35 degrees. birmingham you are at 32. the temperature came up in the last half hour. atlanta 21. as the sun comes up more, it will rise quickly for them. what we have in effect is freeze warnings, over a dozen states in the south-east. look at what we expect to see for atlanta. chilly. tomorrow morning, temperatures going down. we'll come down to normal as we go through the week. miami, a high of 84 degrees. today 72. you know the people will get out the codes and even their scars. they'll be back to normal as we go towards the beginning of the week iraqi kurds launching an assault on i.s.i.l. fighters. we are live on the border between turkey and syria. we'll talk to major mike lyons about the controversial comments by defense secretary chuck hagel. >> and in the ebola hot lines, finally getting something they need for the first time - training. hawaii have not the only place sitting in a line of fire. smoke and ash smoouing up to 40 miles away. [ chanting ] a show of solidarity with peshawar forces fighting i.s.i.l. in iraq and in syria. 8,000 people took to the streets paris france on saturday, and they are expressing report with iraqi fighters battling i.s.i.l. with kobane. it's one of several such rallies that took place in cities across the world. there was a strong show in london. over in argentina 200 people came together in support of global day for kobane. most of these rallies were organised by kurdish expatriots. self groups and political parties took part in the rallies. >> the streets of turkey's capital swelled with peshawar supporters. that was despite warnings that the protests were illegal. the besieged town sits on the turkish border. operations are in fall gear on the boarder. this was the scene overnight in kobane. six rockets were launched at i.s.i.l. targets. jamal is on the border. have the power dynamics in kobane changed now that the peshawar are actively fighting i.s.i.l.? >> it's still early to make the assessment because they have been engaged only in the past 16 hours. there's an added force that is combatting i.s.i.l. in the form of the peshawar forces there. aside from the rockets overnight, throughout the day they have been launching several mortars, behind here, the bases, targetting the eastern sized of the town of the we have filmed more ammunition arriving at the girma mecheso base, a few kilometres behind me. it appears there'll be a change in dynamics, if the tempo steps up. the fighting continues with both sides holding to the ground they had under their control. >> jam am, these are iraqi -- jamal, these are iraqi kurds, how is syria's president reacting to a foreign troop build-up in his own country? >> well, ironically and scoring to analysts, this is in the favour of bashar al-assad. kobane is a small town in syria, syria is a huge country of over 20 million. whilst attention is focused on kobane, the syrian parliament pounded strongholds of opposition fighters not seen to be terrorist orgizations by many countries. there has been the killing of home in homs, the syrian observatory for human rights said there has been a doubling of barrel bombs dropped by the government. barrels dropped by the government. everyone has been focused the cameras on the town behind me, few people paid attention to the fact that more and more civilians are added to the death toll that has surpassed 200,000 people because of bashar al-assad's crackdown or his people for three years now. >> i want to go back to something said. syrian kurds were engaged with the kurds. what is their role now. according to the military people we have been speaking to, i use the term loosely. the army is a group of amateur fighters. they have set up coordination groups between - or committee between them. based on that. the syrian kurds continue to man the front lines, they'll be the foot soldiers. it will be on their backs. the heavy artillery or mort tars, and that comes from the peshawar forces. the troops are soldiers that come through, don't surpass the 200. what is more important than the numbers is the fact that they are coming with the weapons na maybe the syrian kurd didn't have before. it's difficult to understand how much of a difference it would make, considering you have the u.s.-led coalition. if an air force with its might is incapable of defeating the fighters. it's difficult to see how the mortars would make a difference. >> a daunting task ahead. you way we'll have success until we have ground troops there. they'll call in the strikes and be more effective. speaking of the troops, secretary chuck hagel made quite the stir. >> take a listening. >> bashar al-assad derives some benefit. we are talking about a longer term strategy that is effective in doing what we think and the people of the middle east as to what is required to stablilize and secure that part of the world. >> when i heard that, i heard the record scratch. is the white house and the pentagon out of sync? >> clearly the secretary is saying we did ready, fire, aim in syria. we shot up targets without thinking about the long-term effect. if it takes down the bashar al-assad government, what does it look like. especially now we shifted to kobane. there's a disconnect. we said we were going after strategic targets, and now tack tools. >> given the ties connect, does the bashar al-assad regime hold the keys to the car. >> i think they have a lot of favour in that it's to their advantage that we take out i.s.i.l. and put them in this area. that's what the secretary is staying, we should have thought this through and had a plan. >> a pleasure to have you with us in the studio. thank you for joining us on a sunday. >> a bit of a relief for people living in mt kilowaya in hawaii. olava flow has stopped. it has been streaming down the volcano towards town, since june. >> a costa rica volcano saw an eruption, spewing ash, landing as far away as capital san jose, 40 miles away. it rumbled on wednesday. residents found pets and livestock covered in ash winter is in full swing in the west. meteorologist kevin corriveau is here with more on that. >> it looks like winter is all across the country, what we are seeing on the radar - idaho montana towards nevada, a bit of snow. warnings out. winter storm warns, those are the ones in pink towards colorado. more of that snow pushing through today, and it is going to be a rainy event to the west. we are talking about parts of washington, oregon, and we expect to see heavy rain obvious the next 48 hours. al jazeera following the trail of dark money in the lead-up to midterm elections. we'll look at some of the most expensive races and the possibility of a face-off between two of america's powerful political families in the race for president. weekend politics after the break. [ sirens ] and fury in france. the allegations against police have sparked violence in the streets of two major cities overnight. you are looking live at the skyline in new york, where the new york marathon is set to begin in about an hour from now. president obama spent saturday urging michigan democrats to hit the polls on tuesday and spoke for gary peters, and former congressman mark shower who is running for governor. he will campaign for democrats in connecticut and pennsylvania. and a documentary here on al jazeera is shedding lights on how dark money and outside business interests influences politics. david shuster has more. >> this is the most extensive election going on in this country right here in north carolina. >> reporter: no sooner and north carolina and others been targeted as the the lynch pin. >> he wants to be an iowa senator and he threatens to sue. >> it's not neighbour lie and iowa. >> extreme ads are all that people are talking about. they are doing more talking than the candidate in some cases. in the documentary series "midterms" airing on al jazeera, the director spends time with the candidates at the ground, at the debate with the voters, offering a true picture of the candidate and what they have to say. >> but it's me. i'm talking. it's me. of course i approve this message. >> we want to find the moments where they are interacting with a contit unit. where they are hanging out with the family in a hotel suite, a green room, something that shows you who the people are. >> i want you to put me in as we kick out thom tillis. >> we are going to send kay hagan home. >> it's the outside money, it will cancel each other out. you are left with what you can do on the ground. >> i'm filling in. delaware. please. >> it's a lot of handshaking. we love it. it's god. >> or we can fight back. [ cheering and applause ] >> each with tens of millions of dark moneys, the message from the principles is the same as it has always been. you decide. >> you are not running against the other people. you are running against me. >> you are looking at a map showing the top five extensive senate races in the country. $3.5 billion will be spent on the race, and that is not counting $1 billion of undisclosed money. joining me is a former aid to george w. bush. and former aid to new jersey congressman. thank you for joining us ladies. pleasure to have you here. let's jump into the money, where it's going, and the most expensive senate race in the country, in my home state of north carolina. there's a tight race between kay hagan against thom tillis. can the democrats hold on to this one? >> this is an important race for the democrats. i won't sugar coat it, it's tough. kay hagan has a few things on her side. tom til as is extremely extreme. the ground operation that the democrats put in place is robust. it started earlier than in the past. >> the other thing is when it comes to the issues, if we can get the base out. when it comes to the issues, people of north carolina are more aligned with kay hagan, whether it be minimum pay increases, paying people a fair share. >> one of the positives - you talked about the campaign beginning earlier. if you remember, you had a lot of democratic pace showing up. you can't cut the programs for the poor. if you think of programs like that, tillis has a shot. hagan is an incumbent. you have to get pore records. hagan has trouble. it is extreme. extreme in ha good way. there's bold people, policies. >> you don't think kay hagan is bold. if you make bold mistakes, it's not good. let's go to iowa, a race that could tip the senate. the poll showed joni ernst with a 7-point lead. if iowa goes to the republicans, does harry reid give up his gavel. >> there's a lot of races contested. i don't know that iowa is a firewall in the way that in north carolina, and some of the other races are. i say this. democrat bruce has made some issues, he is not running an effective campaign, he has joni ernst is an extremist. she is talking about having local law enforcement arrest and pull guns on federal officers if they implement the affordable care act. helping people get insurance, so if they go to the emergency room, they will not be turned away. 100,000 have been employed. she wants to have law enforcement local law enforcement. it's extreme. >> indiana and iowa feel similar. people love joni ernst. she is a shining star. this woman, she's in the military, she is so strong, good, and bold this a good way. she's not extreme for iowa, i assure you of that. you are not from iowa, i'm from indiana. they love her. i have a friend on the committee. the race is over. >> she'll blow braley out with some of the things he's said. >> not reflecting in some of the errors. >> doesn't matter, joni ernst will win the brace. braley is over. >> what will it mean nationally for iowa. >> we have it in the bag. maybe smaller than we like. harry reid is gone. he's been the ultimate blocker. he needs to go. things will move without harry ride d reed. americans -- harry reid. >> speaking of the gridlock. i want to talk about mitch mcconnell. he discovered an address. >> a republican majority wouldn't mean we can get everything you want from washington, but it would mean we'd bring the current legislative gridlock to a merciful end. >> what do you think about that? do you think he can swayed the gridlock. >> he is the gridlock. >> no. >> if you are the gridlock... [ laughs ] >> maybe you have more power to change it. >> he said his number one goal is to make president obama a one-term president. staffers have been on the record, on the record telling the press they don't want to give president obama a win. giving president obama a win - that's ridiculous to say that's what you base your policy making on. it should be based on giving america a win. when you hurt the president here, you hurt him abroad. republicans thought if they attack the president and don't give him wins that it will bring him into the office. yes, but you weaken the office of the presidency abroad. and it hurts people. >> do you agree? >> i disagree with everything you said. this president did it to himself. there's another block. harry reid is in charge. let's gi him a chance. this is - the filibuster is going on now. the republicans need an opportunity to get things grooming. the polls show that the mercury is not happy. given the difficulty that the speaker boehner had with the house. >> we have a house and senate washing together. kevin mccarthy, a good friend of mine, things will operate well without harry reid in washington. >> republican senator of texas said "it's not that people have to totally embrace the g.o.p., they have lost confident in the white house", what can be done to regain the confidence? >> i think the g.o.p. will be fine. look, now president obama has helped us. he's done so badly. it's not wrong for us to point out what he has done. we need to come up with policies that will work. now that we have the house in the senate. we'll have to do it. is is in the bag or the republicans? >> the only thing that counts is the cliche, the poll on election day is the only one that counts. the president has a tough battle. the republicans did an amazing job, painting him as the bogeyman, the devil incarnate. 55 straight months of growth. 10.3 million, "forbes" magazine. on economic numbers alone. president obama will go down this history having done a good job. >> democrats know this. they say this. >> 250,000 jobs created in september at a time when the only end to the republicans is talking about policy. we can come out of the box. in terms of being a no party. i don't know who is saying we are a no party. we don't have the opportunity, because of harry reid and president obama being abyss mill. it will be a good day on election day, because americans will see what republicans can do. a heck of a job. and harry reid, a terrible leader. republicans will win back the senate. speaking of what he do. chris christie getting a lot of attention. let's take a listen to what he said. turn around. get your 15 minutes of fame and take your jacket off, roll up your sleeves and do something for the people of this state. if you want the conversation later, i'm happy to have it, buts until that time sit down and shut up. >> i'm sweating rewatching that. let's start with you. will he have to readjust the imaging. >> i'm from new jersey, and i can tell you saying that christy went off on someone is like saying the sun came up. people in new jersey go get him. in the rest of the country, i don't see it resonating. when he is on a debate stage, with eagles just as big as his, i don't see them steam rolling him. i don't see it happening, and the yelling in the face of women. i don't see that it plays well. >> you've been talking about bold leaders. >> i love it. i love chris christie. he'll be a great president. he's a real man. if someone is going to hold up a sign, he should tell them to sit down and shut up. i'm sick. whimpy obamas. >> what if president obama did that. >> i expect a little more - i'd respect him a little more, at least he'd say something and do something. he seems coma toes. chris christie is a great leader. you love or hate it. i love it. he's a real leader, i want someone that is strong, someone to tell i.s.i.s. and vladimir putin to kiss off. >> he don't back it up with policies. we'll find out on november 4th. >> love the red by the way, a sign of things to come. >> okay. thank you so much for joining us this morning for weekend politics, a pleasure to have you both. be sure to tune in on election nights as the votes come in. america votes begins on tuesday, 7:00p.m. eastern, and we'll bring you a wrap up wednesday morning. >> the doctor treated for ebola in new york city is in stable condition this morning. it's been 10 days since craig spencer's experimental drug treatment began. he contracted the virus whilst working for doctors without borders. his fiancee is in quarantine in their apartment. see has not shown signs of the illness. a reuniting for nina pham, the first nurse to contract the ebola in the u.s., and she has been reunited with her dog. bentley. who completed his 21 day quarantine. she contracted the disease while treating thomas eric duncan. and yesterday expressed gratitude for bentley's good care. >> thank you again for helping take care of bentley over the last 21 days. caring for him as if he was your own and showing america compassion and love is abund dant. >> caring for bentley cost $10,000, but donationing and grants covered most of the build the death toll is 5,000 out of 13,000 cases, almost all confineded to three west african nations. neighbours countries are not taking chances. >> the health workers are preparing for a scenario they hope they will not have to face. they are learning to street ebola cases. it's the first time it's taking place, happening at an ebola treatment center outside the capital. personal protective equipment is hot and uncomfortable but necessary to protect health workers. the treatment center can take up to 10 patients, two others are built in other part of the country. the government wants to reassure people that it is making preparations in the event of an ebola outbreak. the organization that represents doctors says preparations are not moving fast enough. >> by now we should have had other terms in place. to ensure that they are in place. every single worker should have at least an idea of how they would manage such a case, in case it comes within the area the man in charge of this training rejects the accusation. >> you do not go training everyone. you focus on the response team, to give them the training, and then you focus on the second level of team, to let them know how to identify a case. of course, it will take them a long time. >> if not, you get careless. what we have done. that is what we get done. >> ghana is in the spotlight because the u.n. emergency response mission has its headquarters here. supplies are sent to the ebola-effected countries, and u.n. officials move between the countries, it lead to a debate about whether the country is exposing itself to further risk. authorities say it's all the more important for health workers to be prepared. it's a small taste of what those doing it for real are going through ghana received a shipment of medical supplies, and sent ilts to five other west african nations. [ sirens ] chaos on the streets of several cities in france, where people were protesting claims of police brutalityies, riot police tried to push back the crowd and three dozen were arrested there and in other french cities. demonstrators were rallying against a 21-year-old environmental at activist killed at a protest during a dance. united nations is seeking justice for journalists and today is the first ever international day to end impunity for crimes against journalist. it honours of pair of french journalist killed while covering the election in mali. many have been killed, less than 6% of deaths are resolved. >> today marks 309 days since peter greste, mohamed fadel fahmy and baher mohamed were xriped in egypt -- imprisoned in egypt. they are falsely accused of helping the outlawed muslim brotherhood. al jazeera denies the charms and demands their release. several men were sentenced to three years behind bars. this youtube video shows the men exchanging rings and embracing. the video was called shameful to god. the men said the video was made as a joke coming up, it's been 90 days since the shooting death of michael brown. attorney-general attorney general eric holder is lashing out at who is leaking information. we'll talk to the chair woman and how the incident could impact election day. open season. while the capture is bad news for the local deer population. the amazing display from the sky. only in one remote region of the world. stay tuned. . >> >> part of the investigation is being done by the state and local authorities. we have a separate investigation of our own, we have not seen leaks there. whoever the sources of the leaks are need to shut up all right, tough talk from attorney general eric holder last week, reacting to a series of leaks from the grand jury in the shooting death of michael brown. yesterday a report in "the washington post" said no civil rights charges will be filed in that case, that citing unnamed law enforce. we are joined from st louis. we know it's been almostle 90 days since allan mountford died. have tensions subsided at all -- 90 days since michael brown died. have tensions subsided at all? >> tensions are up and down. when these leaks started coming out. there was a huge uproar in the community. because a lot of people felt and still feel like this is undermining our justice system, and the leaks that are coming out are used in favour against the character of michael brown. in explaining what happened. the community want a fair process to take place, this is a thing that when this first started the community cried out for, because we want things to be fair and impartial. the leaks don't seem like we are going to get fair and impartial process. >> i want to ask you about that. speaking of justice and fairness. how do you respond to "the washington post" report that criminal charges may not be filed? >> if it's based on the investigation, that's been thorough, then that is an outcome which is a possibility. to leak that information into the media - that's not fair. there is still an investigation process going on. so it really is trying to skew not only the people involved in the investigation, but also the community and everyone here who is paying attention. if there's app investigation taking place, i have to agree with the attorney-general, keep your mouth shut and do your job. i haven't seen the evidence. i'm not involved in the investigation. we'll have to trust that those looking at the evidence regarding this - they are able to make the best determination. leaking information like this is harmful. >> i want to go back to attorney general eric holder. he was very angry over the leaked information. let's take a listen. we don't have that sound for us again. you saw how angry he was in the introduction. to you share some of that frustration? >> i absolutely share in attorney general eric holder's frustration. and this seems like - to be a slap in the face of our justice system. this is not right. i wish people would stop printing and giving audience to these leaks and rumours, and let the process take its course and let the information come out like it shut. >> there's been a lot of talk about whether ferguson police chief thomas jackson would step down. how has the community reacted to that topic? >> there's kind of a mixed bag. most people want the chief to stepdown. his leadership has been questionable during this time. when things first started, most people believed that he did a fantastic job in turning the case over. but once this video was let out and there has been other missteps and a night that he decided to come out to the crowd, there's a lot of people that question his judgment, and think that the police need to be under different leadership patricia vines, thank you for joining us center st louis. >> thank you for having me. >> any time hunters are back in business in pennsylvania now that the manhunt for eric frein is over. they were ready to get back into the woods and look for deer. the hunting seen was put on hold following booby traps and explosives in the woods left by eric frein. he was captured thursday after 48 days on the run. >> you don't have to get anything, but it's nice to be in the woods and be relax. there's plenty of nice screerp. >> it's held a lot of people up. you don't see many. i'm hoping for a good season. >> it came in time for the turkey hunting season. eric frein was arained on friday for killing a state trooper and injuring another look at this, a brilliant edmer ald green, the aurora borealis, an amazing display of light and colour occurring in the arctic circle. we are seeing more of the northern lights because a series of flares from the sun is sending charged particles into the earth's magnetic field tomorrow, the final hours of the midterm campaign. president obama is spending the last weekend stumping for democrats. that's tomorrow on al jazeera starting 7 o'clockam. that will do it for us in new york, i'm morgan radford. coming up in two minutes, the latest on the fight. remember to watch al jazeera america on election night as the votes come in. our america votes coverage begins on tuesday. we'll also bring you a wrap-up live wednesday morning. have a great day. kurdish forces strike i.s.i.l. targets inside kobane. the biggest strategy on how to defeat them is still in the works from al jazeera's headquarters in doha, coming up, [ chants ] ..protesters on the street at burkina faso, on what they say is a power grab by the military. plus... >> leaders must act. time is not on our side the u.n. chief talks tough
>> this disease can be contained and defeated. >> is free of the virus. main. >> the governors of new york and new jersey stand by their mandatory quarantine. >> it is commonsense, we are not moving an inch. >> is this about politicians appearing tough at the expense of individuals. >> a private, blunt memo. >> taking exception with the president obama's administration own strategy. >> regarding syria. >> this is a complicated issue. >> big bang reverberating through the catholic church. >> pope francis says evolution reflect. >> the magic religion you say we are part of - that's not what we are. >> oh, god. >> n.a.s.a. officials are trying to figure out what caused an explode. >> we begin with president obama firing back against states requiring a mandatory quarantine for health care workers returning from west africa. >> they are doing god's work. they are doing that to keep us safe, and i want to make sure every policy we put in place is supportive of their efforts, because if they are success. we are not going to have to worry about ebola at home. >> the president was updating u.s. efforts to fight ebola in africa. the comments were clearly a rebuke to new jersey governor chris christie, and governors of other states and declared mandatory 21 day quarantines for those returning from the hot zone. something the c.d.c. is not necessarily. nurse kasi hickox became the first to face quarantine after arriving in new jersey. she denounced the policy. governor chris christie is not backing down. >> i understand that the c.d.c. is behind on this. this is commonsense, and the members of the american public believe it is commonsense. we are not moving an inch. >> there was good news on tuesday. nurse amber vinson walked out of emory hospital, ebola free after two weeks of treatment. >> while this it a day tore celebration and gratitude i ask that we not lose focus on the thousands of families that labour under the burden of the disease in west africa. >> vinson's trip on a melbourne airline and the case of dr craig spencer who went bowling and rode the new york city subway the night before he was diagnosed ignited calls for quarantines. joining us to discuss the response is a spokesperson from the world health organisation who travelled to guinea and sierra leone and witnessed the effort to contain ebola there. good of you to join us. the world health organisation latest situation report says that the number of ebola cases worldwide is believed to be more than 10,000. health officials predict we could be seeing 10,000 new cases a week by december. is that the case. >> i want to clarify one thing. when we talk about the 10,000, it's cumulative. there's not 10,000 people sick with ebola. more than half died. many of those people survived. we are talking about thousands of cases. but it's still awful and it's something you don't want to continue. it doesn't only effect the people in the countries, but elsewhere as well. indeed, if efforts are not ramped up. we could see the numbers. you mention they are calculated based on a number of factors. it's a range of 5,000, perhaps 10,000 per week in the months to come. it's not a prediction. just a calculation. >> it's exponential growth compared to what we have seen. is enough getting done. the u.s. facilities, and we sent a lot of people over there to help out. those facilities will have 1700 beds. if we conceivably see thousands of new cases every week, that bucket. >> i don't think it's a drop in the bucket. i think the new facilities opened up is important. the challenge is once they are built, you need to have the health care workers to staff them. it's a big challenge. there are people who are voluntaried. countries like cuba, which sent health care workers. but you need teams that can manage the health care workers, that have structure in place, take hold and run and manage it. that's the change that my colleagues are reporting. that you have people who are willing to work, but you need the teams that are used to working and it will make a difference to the people on the ground. you don't need people sick with ebola cared for by family members, that's when one person can infect more than one, two and three people. in the treatment centers, there's less of a risk. >> you need the health care workers, but 450 health care workers are thought to be infected with ebola in west africa. the report says they are infected outside the treatment centers. i am not sure i understand that. we are trying to get to the bottom of how the nurses in dallas were infected. in that context, is it hard to get health care workers to go to west africa. >> i think health care workers by definition have a scientific broach. what you highlighted is -- approach. what you highlighted is important. health care workers are not getting sick within the ebola treatment centers, where they are treated head to toe. we have seen cases where it's happening in the community. where they are looking after someone after work or a loved one, a family member. that's where some of the exposure is coming as well. health care workers look - need to look at working conditions, what they can be, but the treatment centers are some of the best controlled environment. the issue of how to deal with health care workers returning from west africa is a big issue in the united states, and calls for stringent quarantines which have been criticized because of your concern, the w.h.o.'s concern, that if the quarantines are in force, people, when they come back, have to be quarantined for 21 days, that that will stop health care workers from going there. you said: and the president of the w.h.o. said the three countries in west africa need at least 5,000 health care workers more to fight the epidemic. itted the numbers you... >> the numbers you look at are around that. 5,000 international workers. you need dozens of thousands, almost 100,000 local health care workers. that's why the international community is looking at training up the local workers, those on the ground willing to work, want to work and help their country men in a passionate wait, it's a personal decision. that's a thing. the other thing is the international community is working on training people up locally. we don't though if quarantines will have a chilling effect on the woksers willing to go in. but all the other types of functions or support needed on the ground. lodgize stirns, those that work message. >> it's a major effort. samantha power visited sierra leone, and tweeted: do you think we'll catch up to the train? >> that's language that w.h.o.'s director-general used for month, the vary us is ahead of -- virus is ahead of us, we are running after the virus. we felt everything we are putting in place has not gained traction. we are hoping that will happen. we are seeing a ramped up event, the call continuing to go out, and european teams, african teams in negotiations, interested in coming in. it hasn't happened yet. we have to keep that sense of hope. it's the only thing we can do. of course we'll win, it's a question of when. >> let's hope it's soon. efforts. >> appreciate you joining us from the w.h.o. ebola is one of a cascade of international problems that the president obama administration is trying to manage. this week controversy's exploded over u.s. policy in syria and israel. in public defense secretary chuck hagel said the strategy is working. he's reportedly saying something different behind the scenes, arguing in a memo that the syria policy is in danger of unraveleling, because it's not clear what would happen to bashar al-assad. he did not address the memo when asked about it in a phomn penh briefing on thursday -- pentagon briefing on thursday. >> it's a complicated issue, we are assessing, readapting to the realities of what is the best approach. how we can be most effective. that is a responsibility of any leader. and because we are a significant element of this issue, we owe the president, and we owe the united states security council our best thinking on this. and it has to be honest and direct meanwhile, a report on an anonymous white house source that criticized israeli prime minister binyamin netanyahu put defensive. >> we condemn anybody who uses language such as used in the article, that does not reflect the president, nor me. it is does graceful. unacceptable damaging and neither president obama nor i - i have never heard that word around me in the white house. >> for more, we joined from washington d.c. from ambassador james who served under obama. and security advisor under george w. bush and a fellow at the washington sthoout. ambassador, good to have you on the show. secretary hagel dodged a question from the "new york times" report that he has reservations on the report from syria. he had questions about how bashar al-assad may benefit from attacks, and added that u.s. policy supports bashar al-assad being removed from power. you have been vocal about the administration's problems dealing with syria, but now the secretary of defense doing it, way? >> i don't think he's doing it in a publicway. there were leeks. for governments to work properly. secretaries of state have to make points, including criticism of public policy without reading about them in the paper. be that as it is, there are questions about the campaign against i.s.i.s. are we using the right materials, resources, and what do we do with bashar al-assad. he mate not be our biggest problem, but is the problem of our allies. >> is it evidence, split between the defense don't and the white house, the state department and the white house, because we see an ongoing issue with messaging coming out of the white house, and the two secretaries and their departments over the past few weeks. >> there's no problem with differences of opinion between the white house and one or other agencies. i see that all the time. you have to work through them. what concerns is us disagreements over basic policy. we should use american ground troops to fight i.s.i.s. the president opted not to. it's understandable. even if i think it's wrong. >> to decide that our policy is to destroy i.s.i.s., but to use an air power only strategy, without putting in some ground of observers and trainers basically is undercutting policy of not going to ground troop. i suppose the inconsistent sis are leading to a lot of deficiencies of what we see, going beyond what we sense in trying to find out what is going on in the white house, and stretry of state and defense's minds. if you see the reports and rumours that the president is looking to shake things up, but many point to a problem at the white house, something that we have discussed, that there is top-down management, that the president relies on close advisors at the white house, and is not paying attention to people at state and defense. >> i think president obama is a strong leader. he'll surround himself with people that will serve his interests and do his bidding. the problem is president obama's philosophy. he doesn't thing there are military answers to problems that confront us in the world, and would like to do other things than what he needs to do in the middle east or ukraine. i think he's fundamentally wrong, and i don't thing it can be fixed by better communications in the communication, or this or that western week shifted. >> president blumenthal said the president may better be served by replacements. will be see a shake up? >> you may get a shake-up as a reaction to news reports and popular unhappiness, that will be manniest, just as we saw reaction to i.s.i.s.'s extraordinary remains. will he many it? if the shake-up and personnel as we saw with the president, cams with a shake-up in policies, they'll see a different white house and policy to what we have done now. >> let's shift gears to israel, and the white house in damage control over comments made about prime minister binyamin netanyahu. calling him a chicken expletive, calling him a coward. and we had the defence minister in the u.s., apparently not able to have the meetings he wanted. how big of a split is there aviv. >> it's sewers, and importantly, it's personnel. the charges have no place in dip loam as si. it's lom cynical, machiavellian effort to try to promote your national interests while giving the other guy some of his or her natural interests. and this is what we are not doing with binyamin netanyahu. he is a leader of israel. he's been re-elected several times. we have to deal with him if we are serious about running a global policy. are we serious. if we are, you hold your nose and deal with other leaders. if it's not important. you can have personal crunch. >> will there be fall out this? >> i think israelis are very concerned about this. their security is in the hands of america, ultimately, and their own. i think they are troubled by this. this is not a good thing. israel will not change its policies, it does what it does because it believes it's going the right thing. we'll have to figure out what we need from israel, what we want to do with israel and change the tone. >> ambassador james jeffrey, good to have you with us. >> thank you. turning now to the pope - he was chosen to lead the catholic church less than two years ago. as pope francis he led a revolution, his statements on the poor, homosexuals, divorced, catholics, sex abuse scandal and evolution have been received warmly outside the church, but not necessarily on the inside. a correspondent from a main newspaper and author of "pope francis, life and revolution", joins us in new york. a pleasure to have you with us. >> thank you. >> you were a friend of his. he called you within 12 hours of being named pope, and two hours later on your birthday. he has been criticized by some for calling people, paying his own bills, living simply, not in the papal palaces. you came up with a wonderful expression to criticize his critics, that it's the scandal of normality. has he remained normal now that papacy. >> absolutely. he is someone with the foot on the ground. he is authentic. for that reason, people love him, because he is someone that has a message to say, a method that goes beyond the kath like church -- catholic, and a method that reaches muslim, jews, buddhists and a message that reach more the non-catholics than catholics, and this is big since the first moment he was elected. he has an ability to connect with people. the famous words, never before a hope has started his suspicions. >> saying good evening to people. expression. >> instead of a blessing or whatever. and since the first coming out, he didn't have the golderb - the golden uponivic, he wanted to stay with the silver cross. >> as a friend of his, did he want to be pope? >> of course. he was ready to retire, doing the book that i did. he is so organised and really he already had a place where to go and retire, a home for elderly priests. he had the room number, number 13. and he was ready to retire and also when he was asked some months after being elected by a little girl, did you want to be a pope. he said "someone must be totally crazy to want to be a pope." >> is he happy being hope? >> if you see him, on wednesday, in general orders, you see a happy manful when i meet argentinian priests and see him, and then i ask them how did you find the pope? how do you find padre. >> they would say as he would have always been a pope. he has an inner peace. he's totally serene, and this is the difference with benedict. i say benedict started the revolution, stepping down and decided "i arrived here, and i step down." but here we have a man of government, a man that is using all his life to have a position. >> power. >> and facing a lot of difficulties, and nose how to navigate. >> he faces a lot of difficulties, he comes to a church with all sorts of scandals, the corruption scandal. the vatican leaks problem. he has had to go in and make serious reforms that has not made him that popular among some of the church's hierarchy. >> in a sense he has the mandate of the cardinals. in the preconclave meeting they want someone to face the problems, the scandal of paedophilia, a bank accused of money laundering, a vatican that stole documents. they wanted someone to do the clean-up that he is doing. >> how is he being received when the church's established. some call him a dema going, a pol u lift. some are not happy, don't like that he's not living in the papal apartments and would like the more formal tradition. >> there is resistance. he's not just challenge the status quo, he's like a tsunami, there's a hope that is a free man that has the courage to do things in a different way. and for instance, as you mentioned. he says "i want elsewhere." >> do you think he'll be a revolutionary pope. he has done things differently and spoke out about a lot of things in ways that other popes have not. >> i think the revolution already started. we have a church that he wants a church that is not condemning people. he ask... >> he wants a missionary, merciful church. >> a merciful church, one this remembers that god had mercy, and that god include everybody, doesn't want to church of exclusion. a church for just little - just a little community. and this is - is he asking. a change of attitude, also to the pastors, that he ask pastors with the smell of the sheep. this is very challenging, because it's a church that reaches out, that wants to build bridges, and not go and scaffold people and condemn and judge, and a church that wants to see with this god merciful, that nose that each person, each different person has something positive to give. >> he's a fascinating man and a fascinating look at this man. the book is pope francis, life and revolution. it's in stores and online. >> we turn to the spectacular explosion of a rocked headed to the international space station. the antares rocket ignited into a fireball seconds after it launched on views from virginia. speculation as to what happened focussed on the old russian built engine. wednesday, an atlas rocket launched from cape cannes avarrel with a modern engi engine. joining us is derrick pitts from franklin institute science museum. the rocket used was refurbished, but it was a 40-year-old soviet product, built to send cosmonauts to the moon and moth balled. how did orbital science end up using the old soviet engines? >> once the russians decided that they were not going to use the engines, they made them available for other rocket companies, other launch services to use. they were acquired for use because they provided the thrust levels needed for the pay load lifting that orbital sciences wanted to do. skins russian rocket motors are reliable, very reliable, it could make sense to make use of something in existence, that is well cared for as a moth balled piece of equipment and refurbish it and test it. that's how a rocket motor like that can come to be used in a launch situation like this. >> when asked about the engines in a press conference, here is what frank colbert son of orbital sciences said. >> the engine was available to us, it was proven in testing in russia. and when you look at it, there's not many other options around the world in terms of using power plants of this size, and not in this country. >> elon musk, the head of spacex, a major competitor said in 2012: you know, to his point, spacex makes its own engines, and we saw the launch on wednesday of ta different type of rocket with a russian engine, but a more modern one. >> yes, that's true. what musk company decided to do was build a rocket engine that they could use for the current needs and future needs, realising that they would need heavy lift capability, so they chose to design their own rocket engine. the question of whether rockets could be made use of, that's for orbital sciences to explain whether this particular type was the perfect one to use, as opposed to other versions that may have been available. they say that perhaps there is no other one available, and so they'll have to answer that question as to why they chose that one in particular. >> it's a big question, and has a 1.9 million contract. hundreds of millions were lost. and the cop lost a quarter of a billion in market value. it had successful missions before. how significant a setback is this for the commercial space programme, and the contracts that various companies have n.a.s.a.? >> well actually, everybody in this business realises that there's a high degree of risk involved here. what they, of course, do, the engineers try their best to drive down the risk as low as they can get it. everyone understands that these are machines that operate at extremes of temperature and pressure. and because of that, if there is a failure, it's difficult for a failure to be a minor one in a situation like this, especially when the temperatures vary from 200 degrees below zero to 500 above. and with very volatile fluids. that risk is always there. >> now does it affect the rest of the market. >> everyone realises or should realise, and looking back at the history, we see every one of the companies involved in trying to involve greater access to space, outside of n.a.s.a. and other countries had the same thing happen. they all have had failures, they know it's a stumbling block, and they move forward after figuring out what the failure was, and correct it. >> a question always is the companies have to make money, is it possible na corners were cut -- possible that corners were cut. it's far cheaper for the american taxpayer to have private companies do this than to have n.a.s.a. do it. >> that's true. the private companies do not have the overhead that n.a.s.a. has to operate upped. that makes it -- operate under. this is the kind of work that should be done as n.a.s.a. is doing it, outsourcing it so that n.a.s.a. can do the big research project that it does best, and let the other companies, like spacex and orbital sciences and sierra nevada and the others, do the work of carrying supplies up to international space station. it doesn't mean that they can cut any corners in terms of quality of material or adherence to safety, any of those things. they are required to keep the same level of quality assurance, and safety protocols as n.a.s.a. has always been required to do. >> given how catastrophic this failure was, how long will it take for them to figure out what went wrong. will they be able to? >> i think they'll do a good job figuring out what went wrong. they keep incredible records of what is happening in the records as it happens. they have data streams telling them what is happening in the engine. because they tested it several times on a test. they have test profiles of how this engine should perform, so they can check the data of what happened yesterday against the test profiles to see what went wrong. now they can look at the rest of the engines they plan to do and see if they can correct the problem. and try to do their best to reduce the risk of anything happening again. again, we have to see it as simple a bump in the road, moving towards commercial space access being provided by other providers outside of n.a.s.a. >> derek pitts, good to see you. we'll be back with more "consider this". >> you are inside a protein molecule attached to the ebola virus spinning in cyberspace. >> so we want to design a protein. >> it's a game called "foldit". zoran papovic who developed it calls it a 3d jigsaw puzzle. >> and if it fits in that spot, all of a sudden the virus wouldn't be able to do stuff that it was doing before. >> so it would inhibit that virus? >> that's right. >> players all over the world participate. the whole point for the 700 gamers who have tackled the ebola puzzles is to have a real world impact. dr. david baker runs the university of washington's institute for protein design where the ebola foldit effort has already given scientists new leads. >> we can design stuff on the computer that has never existed and then in the lab be working with it in real life. >> translating that into vaccines or treatments could take years. if you think journalism today is too biased, you should have seen it in the days of abraham lincoln, filled with more opinion and fact, newspapers at the time advocated for and against candidates and issues. editors sought office and papers were tied to political parties in a way that would shock cynical critics. today. lincoln was so good at manipulating them to his political game, you may question the age-old mon core of honest aid. i spoke with harold holster editor of "lincoln and the power of the press." he is chairman of a foundation which i'm a board member. good to see you, congratulations on the book. you start with a quote from lincoln that says: that focus on public opinion is what you would expect a politician to say today, but not oflingon. >> yet -- of link on. >> yes he saw reaching the public was the only way to enshrine and end the slavery in the united states. he had a long road to travel to pursue the goals. he needed popular backing for unpopular clauses unpopular causes. >> the issues were more significant than many issues we faced today. that said, it is - you see counter politicians, derided, famously bill clinton, for governing by poll, and ways that abraham lincoln was doing it 150 years ago. >> he was working closely with editors, highly politicized - republicans or democrats. openly so, no disguising or masking behind the idea of nonpartisanship. newspaper men, editors, were part and parcel of political organizations and vice versa. editors, office holders and politicians saying "what i want to do is own a newspaper." people are going back and forth, constantly through the civil war to pursue the goals. if you get the prize, if you reach success, if you win a political office, much presiden presidency, the highest office, the rewards were immense for editors. political patronage, printing contracts, advertising, and the patronage could include political jobs, ambassadorships. lincoln emtide a lot of republican newspaper offices when he became president, because they got great jobs. >> exactly. he manipulated the press. >> he wrote letters through the war saying "my little paper, the national republic." he identified it as his official organ, he never spoke to them again. i wish you fulfil the advertising contract you promised, i know you don't think it's important, but you do. not just because they shared a compassion for issues, and they did, but the reward at the end. >> i didn't know he partially owned a newspaper, because he saw it as an effective way to promote his career. >> this makes him not so honest. he kept it a secret. like he thought there was something a little smarmy about it. >> there kind of was. >> not only a newspaper, but a newspaper published in german, which he didn't know. he made his own contract. you would agree, because of your background as a lawyer, you don't do your own. he d his own. he said the newspaper had to be conformable with republican dogma. at the end of 1860, the presidential year, the editor could have the paper back, the profits, all he had to do was support, get lincoln elected. the editor did as he was tole. >> it may have helped him. >> the germans were moving to the west. >> illinois, ohio, making the states go from red to blue. the editor got his paper back, vienna. >> patronage again. >> exactly. >> you described that he believed in journalistic freedom, but you described that he had the most wide-spread ever. >> it's almost unimaginable. at the right of the succession crisis, the administration began to move against newspapers in new york city, in - more undzably in border states on the brink of succession. baltimore newspapers, kentucky, and new york city, a hot bad of pro-southern sentiment, and during the civil war, close to 200 newspapers were suppressed by being benighed mailing rights. shut down, editors thrown into prison. francis scott key wrote "star spangled banner" because he was expressed with the flag flying at fort mchenry. gris grandson was -- his grandson was flown into fort editorials. >> irony. the biased that existed then has not been seen before or then, despite what we complain about. >> without apology. they were straight forward about being shady. >> the back is "lincoln and the power of the press." we'll be back with more of >> i'm ali velshi, the news has become this thing where you talk to experts about people, and al jazeera has really tried to talk to people, about their stories. we are not meant to be your first choice for entertainment. we are ment to be your first choice for the news. >> bying homes by the landlords. monitory value. >> they're being taken advantage the crisis continues. >> ground breaking... >> they're firing canisters >> ... emmy award winning investigative series. landlords. do bigger babies have a better success at life than smaller counterparts. doctors used the weight at birth as all that a baby needed for a great start. a study in florida shows that bird weight is not destiny, but it helps. babies weighing 7 pounds were healthier and did knert at school. the heavier a baby, more likely it will fare well at school. i'm joined by chicago, by david, a co-author of the study, which will be published in "the american economic review", and a professor at university, and a director for policy research. good to have you with us. this is an amazing study, a lot of people, every child in florida over an 11 year period and found bigger babies did better. some of the figures are start lipping. you averaged a 10 point -- startling, you averaged a 10 pound baby would do higher on s.a.t.s. >> yes. we don't know exactly what is going on behind the scenes with birth weight, but no matter how big a baby is, a little more weight is a good thing. it's true, doesn't matter if you are white, african american, latino, et cetera, the same everyone. >> what you are saying about the heavier, 8 pound, 7 pound, 9 pound babies and so on. you did find that it's not determinative, that nurture can overcome nature. >> i think that both are very important. it's absolutely the case that the more advantaged you are from asocioeconomic perspective, the better you do in life. it's also the case that the more advantaged you are from a neonatal health, the better you'll do in life. the two add up together. >> you know, it's really very significant because kids who do well in elementary school, then are more likely to go to college, they are more likely to make money and live longer. finding. >> that's right. you are more likely to get married, have children. more likely that your children are going to be successful. it's an important thing. >> and meanwhile, many parents are trying to schedule their infant's birth date around 39 weeks of gestation. in 2012, 14% spent up to 41 weeks, near the end of a full period of gestation. a lot of babies are not making it to 39 weeks. the message here is that mother should think about keeping their pregnancies going as long as approximately. something that probably will not be popular. >> well, i'm a father of three kids. my wife and i couldn't wait to get the kids out when the time was coming. >> we all felt that way. >> what is important here is that we have evolved over a long time to have a certain length of gestation. and in come regards the study is ag a little about perhaps we shouldn't second-guess nature. >> i know the recommendation has been not to induce birth before 39 weeks unless there are health issues. but people were, you know, after 39 weeks scheduling, you know, niece induced births to -- these induced births to not have the longer pregnancies. do you think doctors will say hey, you should not induce unless it's necessary. >> it's one study. our the study is great compelling, i think, and i think that if we start to see more studies like this from more and more place, the message will get clear and clearer. if i knew the results of these skuddies when high kids were enutero, i would be pushing hard not to have my babies induced. it's not clear what actually happens with the greater birth difference. >> no, we don't know yet. again. i'm not an obstet rigs. we know that ute rigs makes a difference, and that in those last couple of weeks of gestation, kids are putting on 3-4-5 ounces a week, and translates into brain power. >> it's a fascinating study. pleasure to have you with us. >> thanks for having me. >> "consider this" will be right dick covet is an influential talk show host, and some of his interviews are memorable. i sat with him for a new education of "talk to al jazeera", and discussed his new book. we started with his very public depression. >> at one point after i had been tonne two or three shows -- been on two or three shows talking about it. my doctor said "are you sure you want to be the poster boy for depression?" the reward is if someone comes up and says "you saved my daughter's life", another wom in said "if covet can admit this and get through it, i can." it's rewarding. it's a dreadful agony and has to be treated as we see in many show people. i wrote an article for "time," about robin williams death, and how it strikes the show folk, and you can fill a page with names more than next. >> an interview was with john cary, secretory of state. back then he was a vit nam vet on the show with another vietnam vet. and the nixon white house was not happy with you. >> they imagined i could use this word about a president sneakily, prepped a young guy, a right winger, to oppose kerry, a left winger - tv booking. as they saw it. kerry was effective, so was the other fellow. the white house was not thrilled. it was a moment where nixon said to his lick-spittle - an elizabethan term, what can we do to screw him. have you seen your name mentioned by the president of the most powerful man of the country who wants to screw you. >> not in that context. >> and a co-conspire ator found a way. my staff told a friend who had been on my staff years ago, i was audited. she said "so was i, when was you?" it was right after that. one of nixon's favourite hobbies - of his illegal ones - was punishing people with the i.r.s., as you know. he hurt the smaller people who didn't make money, i was audited every year without nixon, and to be without nixon is a blessing. another was marlon brando breaking the jaw of a papa ratso, 8 inches from my face. i loved brando, always, never dreamed to meet him, let alone have him on the show. >> you had dinner and he punched him out. >> we went to chinatown, and the key moment was "don't you get tired of taking all the same picture", and he leans in "what?" "don't you get" - boom, like this, a shot from the side walk, a sneak punch in the middle of a mildly spoken sentence, as marlon did in two movies i can cite when they were not looking. i saved his life. the next morning his hand was the size of a grape fruit and called a doctor and described it. he said "get him over here fast", there were a couple of movements we may not have had life. >> i want to ask about a couple of questions jack told you not to ask and high speed. who do you like? >> no way you can say. i mean, you can say who won a race or jumped the highest or knocked the most pins down. how can you say among... >> so mope. >> hepburn, betty davis, brando, orson wells and 100 more, that one is a favourite? but, if you persist in your folly, impressing me with this, i would have to confess that groucho meant the most to me. >> who did you dislike the most? >> spiro agnew was a piece of nothing. and it kills me that i had him on, they put him on the show - before we learnt we had two criminals in the white house, the president and the vice president, a great moment history. they put him on, said he has a good sense of humour, and he has a lot of cartoons, you point to it and he'll say funny things, saying "yeah, the way they did your eyes", interesting. that's what you don't want on your talk show. >> haulent phonies -- how about phonies, people who were great, when the camera was on, and were terrible. >> i didn't like burt larks. he was gooey and insulting and boring. but a wonderful man in private life i hear, if he's watching from somewhere. >> i know you had a close relationship with mohammed ali. >> ali, as i said in the book was just about my friend or years. he stayed at my house in the country. my wife was in new york. she called, he was alone. i went to collect his wife. they were in a motel, but they wanted to stay in my life. ali picked it up and he heard "darling." he said "this ain't darling, i'm the 3-times champion of the world and i'm lying in her bed, watching tv", she said, to her credit, "i'm going to put a plaque on that bed, mr ali", more than what she did pore me. >> we won't go there. >> dick's new book is in stores around the country. that's all for now. the conversation considers on the website. we are on facebook and twitter@aj consider this and tweet me @amoratv. see you next time. >> consider this: the news of the day plus so much more. >> we begin with the growing controversy. >> answers to the questions no one else will ask. >> real perspective, consider this on al jazeera america >> an ultimatum from a the africa union to burkina faso's new military leaders. >> hello, this is al jazeera live from i do ha live from doha. a boat carrying migrants capsizes off the coast of turkey. nambia's highest course weighs in on the forced sterilization of hiv women. and new york's world trade center reopens for business. 13 years after