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Building on the considerable momentum from the commencement of the Decade of Ocean Science, the Ocean-climate nexus will be center stage at COP26. Many countries are including blue carbon Ocean commitments in their second round of nationally determined contributions (NDCs), and there is a need to harmonize the science, law, and economics of Ocean-based climate mitigation and adaptation strategies to enable implementation of Ocean commitments under the Paris Agreement. In addition, consistent wit...

The impact of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) on the environment is an important but controversial topic. But assessing it faces a significant challenge for separating its policy impact from the overall effect of economic development that will also have environmental impacts. This paper attempts to provide an evolutionary and counterfactual baseline to evaluate the environmental impact of BRI, based on the distribution dynamics approach and the mobility probability plots (MPPs). Our estimatio...

In mammals, the relationship between the immune system and behavior is widely studied. In fish, however, the knowledge concerning the brain immune response and behavioral changes during brain viral infection is very limited. To further investigate this subject, we used the model of tilapia lake virus (TiLV) infection of zebrafish (Danio rerio), which was previously developed in our laboratory. We demonstrated that TiLV persists in the brain of adult zebrafish for at least 90 days, even when the ...

Background: To develop an effective countermeasure and determine our susceptibilities to the outbreak of COVID-19 is challenging for a densely populated developing country like Bangladesh and a systematic review of the disease on a continuous basis is necessary. Methods: Publicly available and globally acclaimed datasets (4 March 2020 – 30 September 2020) from IEDCR, Bangladesh, JHU and ECDC database are used for this study. Visual exploratory data analysis is used and we fitted a polynomial m...

Background The adverse health effects of air pollutants are widely reported, and the elderly are susceptible to toxic environments. This study aimed to identify the all-cause mortality associated with cooking fuel use among the elderly. Methods A total of 5732 and 3869 participants from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey were enrolled in two (2014–2018) and three waves (2011–2018) of survey. Cooking fuel was divided into clean and solid fuel. Cox proportional hazards models we...

There is a distinct increase in the prevalence of depression with the onset of puberty. The role of peripubertal testosterone levels in boys in this context is insufficiently understood and may be modulated by a functional polymorphism of the androgen receptor gene (AR), a variable number of CAG repeats. Moreover, there is preliminary evidence that the relationship between testosterone, CAG repeat length, and the severity of depressive symptoms may differ between subclinical and overt depression...

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced millions children worldwide to learn at home. Recent reports showed that it had a negative impact on children’s motivation to learn. The current study aimed to investigate what factors are associated with a child’s motivation during the pandemic and how parents motivated their children to learn at home. A total of 1,041 parents from India filled out a close-ended survey to help shed light on the issues. The results confirmed that children in India are signifi...

Although the pathologic investigation of liver injury was observed in a couple of cases in China, the detailed description of liver histopathologic and ultrastructural changes in a relatively larger series of liver tissues from COVID-19 patients is lacking. Samples from the liver were obtained from 24 COVID-19 cases from February 1 to April 1, 2020. Light microscopy showed that all liver sections had different degrees of liver injury manifested as swelling of the hepatocytes, hepatocellular necr...

Chondrichthyan species (sharks, rays, skates, and chimaeras) are a class of high ecological, economic, and cultural significance, and yet they are the most threatened taxa in the marine environment. The creation of reference chromosome-length genome assemblies allows for conservation genomics methods, such as population and ecological genomics, to be utilized. Despite being greatly threatened and of great importance in maintaining ecosystem function, chondrichthyan species have been repeatedly a...

Background: Dietary exposure to environmental pollutants in humans is an important public health concern. While long-term fasting interrupts the dietary exposure to these substances, fat mobilization as an energy source may also release bioaccumulated substances. This was, to our knowledge, only investigated in obese people decades ago. This study explored the effects of 10-days fasting on the excretion of heavy metals and glyphosate. Methods: Urinary levels of arsenic, chromium, cobalt, lead, n...