Luminescence rock surface burial and exposure dating approaches hold enormous potential to contribute to the archaeological sciences. These methods enable the dating of previously undatable archaeological site types and can be used to determine how and when lithic artefacts have been sequentially buried and transported. Studies have already used these approaches to overcome limitations of classical dating methods to constrain the ages of lithic artefact discard and post-depositional movement at surface scatter sites, to chronologically constrain rock art production by dating rockfall and exposure events, as well as dating a variety of rock-based archaeological features such as pavements, petroforms, megalithic structures, and walls. Here, we present a review of these developing methods, including an introduction to the underlying principles and applications, a series of case studies, and a discussion of the obstacles and complexities to be considered when applying these methods. We con
Glaciation during the late Middle Pleistocene is widely recognized across continental northwest Europe, but its extent and palaeoenvironmental significance in the British Isles are disputed. Although glaciogenic sediments at Wolston, Warwickshire, in the English West Midlands, have been used to define the stratotype of the Wolstonian Stage, their age has been variably assigned between marine isotope stages (MIS) 12 and 6. Here we present sedimentological and stratigraphical observations from five sites across the English West Midlands whose chronology is constrained by new luminescence ages from glaciofluvial sediments, supplemented by cosmogenic 36 Cl exposure dating of erratic boulders. The ages suggest that between 199 ± 5 and 147 ± 2.5 ka the British Ice Sheet advanced into the English West Midlands as far south as Moreton-in-Marsh, Gloucestershire. This advance is assigned to the Moreton Stadial of the Late Wolstonian Substage. Dating of the glaciation to this substage allows co
Upper-plate normal faults along forearcs often accumulate slip during > Mw 6 earthquakes. Such normal faults traverse the forearc of the Hellenic Subduction System (HSS) in Greece and are the focus of this study. Here, we use detailed field-mapping and analysis of high-resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) to study 42 active normal faults on the islands of Kythira and Antikythira in the Aegean Sea. Onshore fault kinematic data are complemented by seabed bathymetry mapping of ten offshore faults that extend along the Kythira-Antikythira Strait (KAS). We find that normal faults in the KAS have lengths of ~1-58 km and scarps ranging in height from 1.5 m to 2.8 km, accommodating, during the Quaternary, trench-orthogonal (NE-SW) extension of ~2.46 ± 1.53 mm/a. Twenty-eight of these faults have ruptured since the Last Glacial Maximum, with their postglacial (16±2 ka) displacement rates (0.19-1.25 mm/a) exceeding their Quaternary (≤ 0.7-3 Ma) rates (0.03-0.37 mm/a) by more