Although haemoglobin is a known carrier of oxygen in erythrocytes that functions to transport oxygen over a long range, its physiological roles outside erythrocytes are largely elusive1,2. Here we found that chondrocytes produced massive amounts of haemoglobin to form eosin-positive bodies in their cytoplasm. The haemoglobin body (Hedy) is a membraneless condensate characterized by phase separation. Production of haemoglobin in chondrocytes is controlled by hypoxia and is dependent on KLF1 rather than the HIF1/2α pathway. Deletion of haemoglobin in chondrocytes leads to Hedy loss along with severe hypoxia, enhanced glycolysis and extensive cell death in the centre of cartilaginous tissue, which is attributed to the loss of the Hedy-controlled oxygen supply under hypoxic conditions. These results demonstrate an extra-erythrocyte role of haemoglobin in chondrocytes, and uncover a heretofore unrecognized mechanism in which chondrocytes survive a hypoxic environment through Hedy. Haem
The Symposium Will Unveil the Future of Orthodontics for the Next Decade
Hong Kong, China (Newsfile Corp. - May 12, 2022) - The 1st IOF International Orthodontic Symposium & Inaugural Meeting will be
Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Newsfile Corp. - May 4, 2022) - The first IOF International Orthodontic Symposium & Inaugural Meeting will be held from June,3rd ~ 5th, 2022. The meeting will be broadcasted live
Investigating whether Z-Guggulsterone can relieve neuropathic pain in sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury mice by inhibiting the expression of cytokines.