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cases around the world we hear enough reports of forced prostitution here in germany but those are societies no go areas. and we wouldn't dream of buying products made by slaves would we. few people realize what goes on under the plastic roofs in the spanish. province of . greenhouses cover an area equivalent to eighty thousand soccer pitches here. fruit and winter vegetables are exported to other european countries. much of the produce goes to german supermarkets. the finnish graphic artist village hit a vine and took
a look inside the greenhouses and behind the scenes of a seemingly ideal world. more light on one and i now have the feeling that i commit an offense by just entering a supermarket recall as if i were a criminal myself recorders in the. ten years ago chitta vine and travelled extensively through spain and morocco he met a lot of people and heard their stories stories of illegal immigrants who were looking for a better life but ended up a slaves in the greenhouses of armenia. he's written a moving graphic novel called invisible hand. the boat crossing cost two thousand five hundred euros. the people who run up debts under the illusion they'll soon be able to earn enough to pay them off they risk their lives crossing the narrow strait between northern africa and spain in boats
that are sea worthy. for many days a dream of a better life already ends here in tragedy. those who do manage to reach europe often end up as slaves in the huge fruit and vegetable plantations and i maybe. just manage to eat it don't think that one thought crossed it was. the illegal workers are housed on waste with greenhouses used to stand. the soil is contaminated with pesticides or fertilizers and so that was sprayed here for decades tenacity of to also monitor and to they make their huts from things they find on the garbage you know my dear john karr can lie just the thought of a kiss to me that's got by come by calling. some forty thousand illegal immigrants work here in apparent. escape is almost
distributed disposable cameras and persuaded workers to photograph the situation they were in. thousands of photos were taken on which he based his drawing. as believe like your initial of the landowners in the traffickers have made a deal with your box office and not someone puts up money for a crossing me. for americans to call north african. people who come from further south these are huge sums of money to see your. money lover they're supposed to pay off their debts by working many take years before they can send any money back home some never manage it. anyone who is no longer able to work is deported the work has a force to spray pesticides without protective clothing illnesses a common some even die under the hostile plastic roofs there's no medical aid not
even clean water. the hygiene is atrocious nothing to do with a paradise on earth the team happy to stream dolphin. from. the spaniards on tourism i don't get to see the migrants and the migrants never manage to get away for as long as they live and your stories make sure it's not just the border it was this poor this is the need for workers dictates to the flom owners can sell work permits that bind these people to a certain employer so they can get away. with their trust by their debts. welcome bank of softness. slavery in modern day europe a continent proud of its humanistic values. divine and work caused a huge stir was translated into a number of languages and won numerous prizes. but did he change anything.
to we got a lot of feedback from european politicians. they wanted to know how to get more information. very effectively assured me that if she was receiving priority what he wanted at least to look good night and they wanted to make sure such things could not occur in europe as a part dela c.r.c. with us but as far as i know that was the end of it and on top of. one month it's actually returned. is slavery part and parcel of a global economy. it exists worldwide and the reports could fill a library full of graphic novel. by those who like to have savage consumers don't go that the myth that maybe they hear rumors but as long as food is cheap there's no quest for concern in here to rest of really the. many famous people are buried in london's westminster abbey.
they include charles darwin charles dickens and many others. the grave of william wilberforce is also here in eighteen zero seven after eighteen years of campaigning and opposing slavery he finally succeeded the first law banning the slave trade was passed after a ten hour parliamentary debate it's now bad the world over but what does that mean so in the world today we know there are about thirty eight million slaves. we need kevin bales on the channel islands of guernsey. the social scientist heads the wilberforce institute for the study of slavery and emancipation. bales is a renowned expert. when i first learned about modern slavery was back in the one nine hundred ninety s. and i picked up a leaflet at
a public event and this leaflet said there are millions of slaves in the world today and i looked at it and i thought that that can't be true everyone knows slavery is finished it finished in the nineteenth century. that claim led to years of research. bale's entered a parallel world that he didn't think could possibly even exist. and that began for me a process of digging into the issue to look at the numbers first and i discovered it was true and that led me to see many things that horrified me when i got into the field and began to meet people in slavery it's a very disturbing world the world that slaves live in. there are two basic differences between classic and modern day slavery it's now illegal and yet slaves of cheaper than ever before. we know this
through very clear research that's been done to show that in the past buying a slave was like buying a major piece of equipment like a big truck or a tractor or you know an investment and if you bought a slave you paid a lot of money it took a long time for them to pay off. the investment and and there were insurance policies to protect your slaves because they were worth the invest. in the south of the us a slave used to cost the equivalent of up to thirty thousand dollars in today's money. now in some areas of the world you can get a slave for just fifty dollars. and over population and provide new slaves and if they're no longer needed they can just be discarded. i can think of children that i've seen in nepal who are used to carry stone and if they fall down if they break
their leg they just leave them they just throw them away because it's too expensive to bring a doctor it's less expensive to buy another child. bails found slavery in many nations around the world. it's become a basic part of a global economy. where there's certainly a connection between modern slavery and the highest ranks of international companies in the exactly the same way that there's a connection between modern slavery and each one of us who are consumers so anyone along the supply chain and that includes the heads of big companies as well as us are linked to that slavery. india likes to be seen as a modern nation the world's largest democracy with a growing industry and prospering small scale companies. but behind the facade you
can encounter mediæval seen. allegedly there are seventeen to twenty million the slave. local aid organizations referred to sixty million. many dialects the untouchables traditionally born into slavery in india. supriya of us an activist with free the slaves is visiting a village community of former slaves. these people got a second chance and now live in freedom. but the aid organization leads an almost hopeless battle against a system of crime corruption and slavery in india slaves can be found in brothels and private homes rice mills factories and quarries on farms and especially often in brick works. the litter but it is searched and there are people who are
working with there are entirely in slavery one hundred person slaves and the reason for this is that this whole industry is huge and just controlled by a violent and threat and in order to control hundreds of people the slave owners threatened them. even while and they have killed people in slavery in the clintons . the slaves in the brickworks and other industries often fall victim to debt sometimes the equivalent of just ten or twenty euros often several generations of entire families are tricked into becoming slaves many of them are unable to read or write and have no financial oversight bonded labor was banned in india in one nine hundred seventy six but in this rural area no one seems bothered by that corrupt authorities make sure that's the case. cheap bricks mean cheap factory construction
costs and cheap products local slavery creates an economy that can produce chief export goods. house really looks like how we define sleeveless anybody who's held us physically on the islands are not paid are paid below minimum wage is and that's exactly what we witness when we were conducting this rescue operation the people were not paid they were physically confined they were under surveillance all the time the women were sexually abused the children were beaten and they were made to work as. the organization managed to free more than four thousand five hundred slaves in india from twenty thirteen to twenty fourteen and bring one hundred thirty slave holders to trial.
information sessions like this one aimed to warn people of the risk of slavery. but the toughest challenge is to offer prospects to those freed from slavery. some can return to their villages but others end up back in captivity. they have no choice either they become slaves or they starve. every rescue operation is really on. we do not know what will come out of it how far the people have come ha ha ha many years there have been slavery. all we know is that we have to organize them because it's them who quote sustained their freedom. the aid organizations are faced with millions of slaves and their work is getting harder. the current government has decided to
ignore the problem and keep silent about it as much as possible. india sees itself as a modern nation with a reputation to uphold. slavery just doesn't fit into a twenty first century society. the n.g.o.s that work against slavery around the world they are very similar. but they're also the most effective of all the organizations that do anything about slavery if you look and say who is bringing slaves to freedom who is freeing slaves the greatest number of slaves being freed is not by governments it's by the n.g.o.s sector. every year tens of thousands of children in india's poor northeastern states are sent into slavery under the eyes of the author at ease. they arrive in so-called children train. the traffickers receive the equivalent of about twelve
euros per child. connection of slave of the people in slavery to the person in the in the rich part of the world and there can be several ways that the supply chains connect us through carpets through food through fish through jewelry through shoes there's a lot of products that can come out of india and in doubt in our lives including tombstones. back in wealthy europe we've come to copenhagen. to meet danish journalist mickey mr r.t. . he came across a direct link between the slave work and the product on our daily shopping list chocolate. well actually it began in my local supermarket as a consumer i went down for buying
a chocolate bar and at the supermarket. there were seven chocolate bass they were actually the same judge just with different flavor and one of the chocolate had a fair trademark and i was just wondering ok you have seven chapters one is fair trade with about the six other chocolate by us are the on fair trade. in his search for the invisible hands that harvest the cocoa beans for our chocolate bars misrati traveled to west africa. ivory coast is one of the world's leading cocoa bean produces some eighty percent of the cocoa found in the chocolate sold in european supermarkets comes from here harvested by child slaves they come from even more. poor countries their neighbor countries like mali been
in a fast so need jack and all the surrounding countries so it's the children comes from countries with which are more poor and this is also the problem. in this area. according to one unicef report some two hundred thousand children are abducted in west africa every year. many become slaves illegal slave markets are held in the northern regions of ivory coast farmers can shop in the new workers. so. you can go to a market and you can buy children and you can also go to or even go to a plantation where where where where i did i actually did go to corporate jason and asking pretending that i want to buy their children from my own cocoa plantation
and he told me well yes just tell me what do you need and i will get some children from a book enough asio and i was hacking ok how much does it cost me and he told me two hundred and thirty euros and that was big without backing so you can get a children very easy two hundred and thirty euros and then you will have a child who can work for free in your cocoa fields in west africa. and we crave chocolate every german eats an average of eleven kilos of it a year. most of the cocoa beans come from west africa mainly ghana and ivory coast . parents hand over their children to traffickers forced by poverty and led astray
by false promises. when they go to the poor who feel most of them think that they will get a pain but they don't get. they are modern slaves in the scope of freeze so they try to ran away i have been meeting boys who ran their way who flee from the cocoa fields they were from mali for instance and they told me how they were beaten up every day and they succeeded to ran away from the cocoa fields but the n.r.a. able to go home for because going home is to what. this is a matter of poverty and the family thought they were. maybe earning money at the cocoa food so that problems go in hope. in two thousand and one in the
international cocoa agreement large firms such as nestle and mas agreed to ensure that child labor in the chocolate industry would be a thing of the past by two thousand and five. in twenty ten mr r.t. wanted to see if that was true. but nothing had changed. the plantations were full of child slaves he tried to get a statement from nestle for his film but they declined. so he started an offensive he traveled to switzerland to nestle's headquarters to provoke a response and they came without hesitation. and there weeks after i remembered that i got some calls from my german or broadcasters
because they were contacted by the nestle headquarter in frankfurt and dates wired to close down the film they were asking a question for the for the german television how could we do this film and blah blah blah and the german my german broadcaster they said everything is ok all the facts are ok so we are running and broadcasting the film which was very important of course for me but they tried to stop the film. in certain ways the documentary entitled the dark side of chocolate became an international success the company's promise to improve things and announced aid projects mistrusts he wanted to show in a. second film that things had indeed changed but his application for a visa for ivory coast was rejected. so it's as off money at
big big business so the government don't think that a guy like me should come to interfere with the business because they are doing a very close cooperation with for instance nestle which is very powerful in ivory coast they have been nestle has been in ivory coast more than fifty years so there is a close relationship between the government in ivory coast and nestle on the other side. finally he managed to secure an interview with nestling they denied all knowledge and promised to intervene the film was screened the world over except in switzerland the home of nestle. this research broadcaster i think were afraid of nestle to show this film i do not have to prove but they boarded they knew before what the firm was about and
they also had the copy of the film so. i think in my opinion i think they was afraid of nestle in switzerland and didn't dare to show it. the manufacturers don't want us to see the dark images that large behind the glossy packaging. but as long as there is no fair trade label it remains unclear under what conditions our chocolate is pretty just. world today slavery is absolutely one part of the global economy why are slaves today so inexpensive why is the price of a human being why are people to suppose of all and one of the key reasons is because of the global population explosion in the past there were simply not
enough people to be enslaved so the price was high it's supply and demand there was a low supply demand was high prices were high today there are we believe about six hundred million people in the world who are vulnerable to enslaved to it to be slaves. research of this kind can be dangerous take french journalist. for example. he also researched the cocoa industry in ivory coast. when he arranged to meet a source he was abducted and disappeared without a trace his body was never found. i think that we should all be realizing our should be easy to see that if we leave the the world up to to be run by the market it will be run by the people who are willing to be the most cruel and the most brutal. because of course that is the way
to make the most money if you don't care about if you don't care about if it's julan making your product or slay. larry or you know you are you ruling the environment or so on i mean of course it's easier to make make a profit from that. we also met up with filmmaker frank p.s. ikey paulson in copenhagen. another product led him to slavery in two thousand and seven he read in a un report about the links between mobile phones and the war in the democratic republic of congo. it involved call time from african mines which is essential for mobile phones. can make the same kind of film about the shoes that i'm wearing. jeans of the shop the food that we are eating for me this is just one example of how much our way of life is depending on other people suffering. powerful and took several trips to the largest and most notorious mines in eastern
d.r. . he spent days walking along a desolate jungle trail a treacherous undertaking u.n. representatives had repeatedly warned him that this could be a suicide mission. and this was the way you know entering the gate with all this has. been driving a lot of people working out in the slums of nairobi and so on and been in war you know areas with armed conflicts in many places but i've never seen anything like this this was really like hell on earth. five years ago this place was only jungle . today between fifteen to twenty five thousand people live and work here. there's no problem. as joseph conrad once described torture murder and the craze for ivory in his novel heart of
darkness it's now the greed for call time from which tantalum is one. of the mines a largely controlled by mercenaries and rebel military units. yeah ok. then i was looking. at this was so. powerful managed to enter the mine shaft with his camera penetrating deep into the dark heart of africa the delivers the material for our smartphones that. actually armed groups what they do is that. the just to control the mine in that
sense that everybody's going in and out have to pay tax you know they call it tax so you have to pay to get in and you have to pay to get out and the the life expenses inside the mining area are so extremely high because everything is text all the food everything that is coming in everything is carried out through the jungle from far away so the price of of a meal or something to drink is extremely high or even a place to sleep you have to pay so much money so so the people inside the area that they can't afford to get out because they have to use all the money they make just to survive. for thirty years kind of modern day slavery in some minds the workers receive little. they just enough for food some of them voluntarily because they have no choice other minds keep them captive as slaves. we would see these children come out some of them was you know it was not like
small children but it would be like boys of eleven twelve thirteen years old and they would come out of these holes looking like pieces of art because they had so much much under faces and this would dry and then more would come on so they looked like you know really they looked like some statue or something and they were doing like this with their eyes because they came out in the sun for the first time after being down there sometimes for several days at the time. and the holes are constantly falling collapsing and people would nobody would care to take them out. so every month people would die and one. like me strong who investigated the dark side of chocolate house and found the hardest part was getting an interview with the manufacturers. he tried to contact nokia a company that likes to be seen as a shining example of social responsibility. so really this is kind of weird that
you can not get. you know for a whole year i couldn't get anybody on the phone who could just discuss the possibilities of getting an interview which is kind of strange when it's a phone company you know that you can get them on the phone. finally after twelve months a nokia representative consented to be filmed. the result the same excuses and promises made by nestle the company said it couldn't control which mines deliver the wrong material but that it would do its best. there are some one hundred forty million mobile phones in germany in twenty fourteen about two billion mobile phones were sold worldwide only the u.s. has passed legislation forcing companies to show where they obtain what are known as conflict minerals but the law only make sure that the proceeds of the raw
materials don't go towards funding conflicts slave labor isn't mentioned so let's think about a country like gone there we have hundreds of thousands of people in slave mining gold that gold flows directly into the garden a an economy going a and government the government of ghana makes a lot of taxes from this gold it comes out into the criminal economy. slave gold if you ends up on our fingers in our jewelry and no one's doing really anything about that and that applies to lots of other countries in africa.
this place but it was from. a slave like conditions one person has so much control over another person that they can force them under certain circumstances to work on a construction site or in a brothel we say slave like conditions the legal term is human trafficking mentioned. used to be confined mainly to forced prostitution but these days investigators come upon slave like situations in germany's industrial and service sectors most of those affected are here illegally the judicial and customs office already seem unable to control human trafficking effectively the criminals have a well organized network their victims are intimidated by violence and are unaware of their rights they often refuse to testify. and of cases of slavery from many different sectors in germany the construction industry meat processing factories the food service sector and household and cast
services without but other sectors are also affected and they often due to name one example taking newspaper sellers titles because kevin bales has set up a slavery index germany is listed as having around ten thousand five hundred people classified as slave workers only a small percentage come to light in official investigations. died. beate mushroom yeah and i do thousand and thirteen for example we have fifty one investigations where the final results concerning human trafficking with exploitation and four hundred twenty five concerning sexual exploitation and it's only a very small percentage of the human trafficking in germination handlin doj land is . false promises confiscated i.d.'s threats of violence some of the victims that get set free under ported victim protection remains a political problem although the e.u. has issued clear guidelines. that hyphen bashfully anything in this menu
document for example it says victims of human trafficking are entitled to compensation in germany if they fall victim here the state must compensate them for we need a law to enforce this but there's no such thing at the moment and bit at. christophe's is germany's commissioner for human rights. we asked him if the question of enslavement of african migrants in southern spain has ever been raised at a political level. but was going to have to admit i'm not aware of and become. the commissioner is supposed to represent the german government's stance on human rights worldwide. he can issue protests but that's all you can let us in isn't dog i just came back from indonesia i was the first senior foreign politician who was allowed to fly to papua new guinea i don't remember when
i last heard pop or new guinea mentioned in the german media and in the indigenous people there are being flattened by industrial projects they have no rights there is a culture of impunity with. i thought i'd go and see how things are for myself. and i informed our partners and they said yes we're doing our best partner. you know it's the same story every day. lead us into. it's also the same story every day in the offices of german watch it's volunteers analyze the current numbers of human rights violations by german companies worldwide. final and when he visited moscow a survey by the university of maastricht looked into a data bank on accusations made against companies the business and human rights data bank dot org thoughts and more than eight hundred allegations against companies have been made there over the past ten years and eighty seven were made
against german companies and that puts germany at fifth place in allegations concerning human rights violations by companies in the delivery check. back in twenty eleven the un issued guiding principles on business and human rights but their implementation has been delayed here in germany now a national plan of action approved in twenty fourteen is supposed to change that. but there's opposition from the business wing of the governing coalition. people there call for voluntary commitments. but haven't human rights always taken a back seat when it comes to economic or strategic interests. no government ever believes on human rights they always follow on human rights and if you look at the history of governments and slavery you discover that throughout all
of human history but especially in the last two hundred years slavery is always a second level it's always the never the first and most important issue for a government so if there is diplomatic reasons commercial reasons political reasons military reasons to ignore slavery governments will ignore slavery. in the nineteenth century britain was a leading example when it came to freeing people from slavery but british firms processed cotton picked by slaves in the us the enter said they had to buy the cheapest cotton available to remain competitive and the government backed economic interests. there was an enormous controversy about this many people were saying we should stop this other people were saying it's it's legal in that country it was the same kinds of arguments that people will even have today about should we buy from the developing world even when people may be in bad
situations isn't it helping them and so forth. a look at a map of modern day slavery reveals the shocking number of products made by slaves . consumer goods services and draw materials are embedded in global commodity flow. content parcel of an international economic system from which we all benefit. kevin bales has referred to modern day slaves as despite. simple people cheap commodities who are denied their basic rights. he blames world politics and the companies that profited from slave labor. and. i have seen the bodies of slaves who have been murdered in brazil after their one month at slavery and i've seen the bodies of slaves and to have been killed for wanting to
be free i think it's important to say the heads of those companies where slavery is is infiltrating is finding its way into their supply chain they are more responsible than a consumer because they are making their profits and their living from these products. they're black and living in germany. she is reminded what that means on
a daily basis presenter john updike has nothing to add to blend in and i was. taken college group and being you know different than the rest she travelled across germany to meet other black people and to hear their stories. it's that. i grew up in a white family in a white neighborhood it was definitely a challenge. she decided to put me up for adoption as donna was. the main thing was to keep your head down and your mouth shut of course of the baseline . yes i could never completely disappear if you see all these stereotypes about africa it's good to see you. do something for your country but you're still the black guy with a. afro germany starting december tenth d w.
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