free as the hunt intense fizz for the fan -- spenintense fizz the man that beheaded james foley. >> and a funeral for michael brown, the family aprosecutors for peace. and the system shut down by hackers. a clean-up is underway in napper california, where a 6.0 earthquake damaged homes and water mains, sending hundreds to the hospital. >> schools are closed to give building inspectors a chance to survey the damage and grape harvesting has been suspended. >> crews are working to restore power to those without electricity since early sunday morning. >> let's go to melissa chan in downtown-napper, one of the hardest hit areas. how bad is the damage? >> economic losses of up to a billion dollars. that's painful. in the short term, power outages - at its worse, it was 70,000 households who didn't have power. we have seen the power crews working. they've brought it down, 5,000 are without power. there's 90% with power. it's still a state of emergency. it is dark where we are, this is downtown napper. take a looking at this building and facade. a lot of these buildings are historic, old, built at a time before they were thinking about structural engineering of preventing or withstanding earthquak earthquakes. it is dark, 4am local time, but it's when the earthquake struck 24 hours ago. >> it's an earthquake. >> dad. >> it's an earthquake. >> reporter: it's the biggest earthquake the bay area felt since 1989. there has been a few injuries, mostly things falling apart. the worst of it a fire at a mobile park. barbara hornsby tells us she feels blessed not devastated. >> hope to be alive. if the bookcase came over differently, i could have had a broken net. instead i had a little blood. either one, the interior doorway or the outer door, i just wanted to be in a protected area. >> she has a place to sleep with neighbours, but no clue what her long-term options are. she and her husband are taking the disaster in stride. what you are looking at is the worst-hit area. we are in downtown napper. the quake took place in the middle of the night, so restaurants and businesses were closed. >> my bed started shaking and all the bedding fell off the nightstand. the microwave fell over. none of the emergency lights came on. i was struggling to find the latches on the door. by midday local business owners made progress cleaning up the earthquakes' mess. some businesses opened. others need more time. city workers, firefighters those working to fix powerlines are working to get it back to normal. the government declared a state of emergency. >> we have about 100 plus gas leaks and powerlines, medical calls in the neighbour hood of 80-plus. >> most tourists despite the night-time scared tried their best. and despite a city center the damage is limited in wine country. and to add a little more to the vineyards, this is the economic engine of the area. without power the vineyards will not be able to bottle the wine. power is critical, they are in full operation. >> what about the possibility of aftershocks and damage? >> that's a good question. there's a 50% chance of a 5.0 quake. that's pretty big, but i thought i felt an aftershock, and there's dozens, but they are kind of like jolts, not shake, shake, shakes. >> melissa chan for us in napper. a powerful 6.9 quake struck in central peru, 300 miles south of lima. authorities are surveying the damage, there's no immediate reports of injuries, it could be felt in lima and south-eastern peru. an american journalist kidnapped near the turkish-syrian border has been released. for two years peter theo curtis was held al nusra front. peter theo curtis is now with the u.n. peacekeepers in the golan heights. mike viqueira joins us from washington d.c., good morning. curtises family thinks the u.s. and qatari government is with us. what role did they play in the release. >> the family was trying to keep this low profile and under the radar and they could better work towards securing his release, and it is exactly what happened yesterday. the family says they are grateful, and qatar. but they are saddened by the brutal killing of the james foley on the gruesome video released last week. for his part secretary of state john kerry said the united states reached out to two dozen countries, asking for help. it is reported that the curtis family reached out to the qatari government which was sfrooumental in secure -- instrumental in securing his release. the united states paid no ransom. they say it over and over. farce they are concerned or no, no third party or government paid ron some either. the mentioned james foley, the news of curtis's believe comes after the death of the graphic video. over the weekend his family released an alert written during his improvement. what did that say? >> a different outcome and sol 'em ceremony in the james foley's home town of rochester new champ shire, an hour after the mass was held. yesterday they released an alert dedicated to james foley. another hostage committed this to memory. this hostage was released, and one of the first things that this individual did was call james foley mother and ret the letter that james foley wrote and asked them to pass along. and it was part of the reminisce ept. he relate that he's held at the time with 17 other hostages, and he says i have both weak and strong days, and he concludes an admonishment to the grandmother. he said "please take your medicine and walks." what about new information on the man who kills foley, i know that he was an english - sorry, a british accent. what is the latest on that investigation? >> you're correct on english accent. yesterday the british ambassador to the united states was on some of the sunday shos and through the use of voice recognition software they are close. . >> and an editorial note, al jazeera america is opened by qatari interests. >> it was a violent weekend in iraq and syria. some warn that the islamic state group is not just a threat abroad. john terrett has that part of the story. >> good morning to you. it's been a time utility use few days in -- time utility use few days. 42 car bombs. a suicide bomber drove into a compound in baghdad. in syria, the islamic state group expanded the reach and a key air base. washington leaders and the white house urging them to do more to stop islamic state in their tracks. and hundreds more from great britain. a key concern, whether the fighters, many well trained, and could return here. the deputy secretary, chuck hagel said on friday, it's a threat beyond anything we have seen. many on capitol hill thing we should all be extra vigilant. >> i'll see it as a winning ideology and strategy. they are one plane ticket away from u.s. shores. that's why we are concerned about it. it's a threat to the region, and the stability. and radicalising jihad nis. so far it is limiting actions in the region, and restricting action to jets and drones in the sky. on the ground few troops have been added for security purposes, all of this turmoil could be eased as iraqi politicians, including the new prime minister designate haider al-abadi are making moves to join a you unified government. whether this will kufb the creep of the yate on its ob without the help. yate and great britain is hard to say. libya has lost control of the main airport in tripoli as an armed militia alliance takes over. this is amateur video. the airport was closed for a month because of the ongoing fighting. fighting intensified between rival militia groups that overthrew muammar gaddafi in 2011. >> a shooting spree in a suspect in los angeles is in kust. the suspect was arrested sunday nightie a swat team. police were looking for a tan s.u.v. three people were killed. four were injured. it was a deadly weekend in chicago, three people were killed, including two gunmen. a dozen others were shot, including a 3-year-old boy who remains in critical condition. the city has called in state troopers and the nart d national guard for help. 1200 have been shot in the city. >> this morning family and friends of michael brown say their final goodbyes. hundreds of mourners are expected to pack a st louis church to pay final release. the brown family is asking for a day of silence. no protests. robert ray joins us live from ferguson. you have been covering the story for weeks. what is the mood in town this morning? >> good morning. you know, it's quiet. it's going to be a hot and humid day. school is back in session. you know, i'll standing where michael brown was shot and killed august 9th, a couple of weeks ago, this is the exact spot. it's a silent mourning, a quiet day here, and people are preparing for the funeral that will happen in a few hours here. >> robert, how is michael brown's family dealing with this emotional day? >> it's tough. and i think that, you know, that's evident by yesterday when brown's father cam out at peace festival, which is in st louis, and he called for the community to have a day of silence, no demonstrations, no protests. here is what he had to say. let's line. >> all i want is peace why my son is laid to rest. please, please take a day of silence so we can lay our son to rest. [ clapping ]. >> so after a few weeks of people taking to the streets, a couple of blocks from where michael brown was shot, is where the visual images, the tear gas and the people demonstrating and protesting occurred, michael brown's father asking everyone to tone it down, and reflect on his son, and look forward to the community can start healing and the grand jury sift through the evidence. >> besides the brown family there are prominent people attending today's funeral. tell us who they are. >> yes, exactly. al sharpton will give the yule any. there'll be three people from the white house, lawmakers and dignitaries. that kicks off at 10 aim local time. moun's fm hay will be there. they came in to support the brown family. had is an emotional day after 2-plus weeks of demonstrations and protests. michael brown, shot behind me, will be put to rest. robert ray, live in ferguson. we'll talk to the woman who organised the massive peace rally. it brought together the families of three young back men shot and killed. miranda jones joins us in the next half hour. >> stephanie, the family of a teenager killed by police say they don't know how to deal with the mentally hill. officers shot 18-year-old jos effs jennings, there are conflicting reports that he had a gun. his aunt said he suffered depression, but he was on a suicide mission. she added her husband could have handleded him, but the police wouldn't let him. >> my condolences to the victim of the ferguson incident. i'm living it too. the obvious kill in the police department. not knowing how to handle those with disabilities. officers involved in the shooting have been placed on administrative leave during the investigation. >> it started as a small form, there could be trouble in the tropics. >> meteorologist kevin corriveau is tracking tropical storm christo bell. >> watching this off the coast. that will be the big warning. it will impact the coast. not a hurricane yet, it is forecast to become a hur gape. right now it's passed over the virgin island. a little too much rain. too much caused flooding it the move away, staying out over the o. hoarse the latest picture -- here's the latest picture. a front is approaching to the north-east. keeping the storm off the coast, sighing rough surf and a rip current. not a big threat to make land full. >> ahead - more on the release of peter theo curtis, with former c.i.a. agent lindsay moran, and the deadly ebola spread again, we tell you where the latest outbreak claimed two lives, and one country is threatening relatives of some ebola victims with prison time. terrified moments for a mother of two. the case of mistaken identity that ended with her kids being held at gunpoint by police. >> plus, if it's empty, it's yours. that's the rule of law when it comes to abandoned houses in bankrupt detroit. that's about to change. squatters are not happy. live in the motor city with that story. $18 billion, a big number for the burger king, why the home of the whopper could have a new home in canada. burger king is cooking up a megamerger. >> today's big number is $18 billion. that's right, with a b. billion. that's how much burger king could be worth if it buys a canadian coffee and donut change. if it goes through, headquarters will be moved to canada, lower taxes in the u.s., which some say is the real reason behind the move. it would operate more than 18,000 restaurants. the two companies want to create a stronger competitor to mcdonald's andium brands, the opener of tacho bell. french president francis hollande asked the prime minister to form a new government and this is the second reshuffle in five months. new cases of ebola are renewing fears that the virus us is spreading across africa. health officials say the cases are not related to the outbreak in west africa, because it is a different strain. it's a crime to house ebola victims, the parliament ruled anyone hiding an ebola patient could face two years in gaol. it's conceding the true scale of the outbreak, an attempt to stop the spread. the first british system that attracted bowl is receiving treatment in london. he spent time in sierra leone, to help care for ebola victims. 1400 died in that country. >> as we have been report, an american journalist is on his way home after being held captive in two years. peter theo curtis is handed over to peacekeepers. his release was netted in the u.s. and cat area. >> reporter: in this video obtained by al jazeera, boston based peter theo curtis appears to be reading from a script as he sent reassurances. >> i have everything i need. everything is perfect. food, clothing and friends. his family is credited in qatar for his release. they don't know the terms, but his mother said we were told by representatives of the qatari government that they were negotiating for release on a humanitarian basis. curtis was taking captive two years ago. he was believed to be in the custody of al nusra front. after almost two years in captivity. peter theo curtis was a new name, changing it after publishing the book "undercover muslim. details of how he faked his conversion to islam. his release came on the day of a memorial for james foley, a man be headed by the islamic state group. america fights them from the air. a rare moment of success, celebrated for one american who is headed home. >> here to talk about the latest developments is lindsay mirrant, a former clandestine officer for the c.i.a. good morning, thank you for joining us. did the killing of james foley last week have any effect on the u.s. causing for peter theo curtis to be released? >> i think it has a tremendous effect. the timing is really interesting. i think that al nusra is probably capitalizing on the beheading of james foley. they are distinguishing themselves from i.s.i.s. and the islamic state. they have similar origins and ideology. ostensibly for humanitarian reasons, nobody gets a free lunch. there were obviously back channel negotiations that i don't think we'll be privy too. the timing is important. there was pressure on the group to release curtis, and it presented an opportunity for themselves to present themselves in a different life. >> secretary of state john kerry said that all tools have been used to facilitate the release. when you say tools, what does the u.s. have at its disposal. you mentioned back channels, can you mention an example of what could have been used to facilitate. >> sure, there's a story we'll hear about the diplomatic negotiations and pressure put on qatar, and qatar putting pressure on al nusra. we probably won't here about any promises - i'm not talking necessarily about the exchanges of money, the state department issued a statement saying no money exchanged hands. we don't know if someone said to the government of qatar, do what has to be done, just don't tell us about it. all of those negotiations under cover, some might view as morally ambiguous or blurring the lines, they are used. at the end of day the outcome was what we wanted the release of a freelance journalist. a journalist taking risks, taking risks that they don't normally take. >> good insight from lindsay more and, thank you. >> we are keeping an eye on tropical trouble brewing in the caribbean. >> what is the latest? >> the latest is a tropical storm forecast to intensify. we are watching the intensity. it will become a hur dane. can't do much on the east coast. it will continue to turn to the north and the north-east. it will impact the coast with high waves and rough surf and become a hurricane between 3-4 address. with it staying off the coast, keeping rough surf there. the heat is continuing to build. that's what we'll watch across the central u.s. scorching summer. >> it was the strongest show of force in gaza since the latest conflict began. >> egypt's plan for a ceasefire as more than a dozen die in israeli air strikes. the gaming world is vulnerable to cyber attacks. it could be game over for tens of thousands of gaming use are. >> they were the feel-good team of the little league series. we look back on the chicago little leaguers bid to make history. >> let them sleep in. a recommendation from a powerful group of pead electricians that will have the high schoolers jumping for joy. just one of the stories making headlines today. back in the 50s. it's the easiest way to grow. you are still doing this. they have dry spots, dog spots, high traffic areas and shades. you seed, water and hate. the only thing growing are the weeds. no wonder they are lost away. eaten by birds. introducing the revolutionary liquid lawn, with stay and spray technology. >> if you water the lawn, you can hired seed. attack to a garden hose. hydromoose shows what you are planting. it contains an eco solution, attaching the seed to the soil. >> resulting in a terrific looking lawn. we sprayed hydromoose, and the seed locks in place. even upside down. >> and the grass grows like crazy, even on a vertical wall. it's perfect for dog spots and high traffic areas, and no more guess works. it include a mix tur of high quality seeds. it's never been faster or easier to get professional results, why pay a fortune the old-fashioned way when you get the kit for 19.95 to bring the lawn back to life. in gaza, you are looking live. six have been killed in israeli air strikes. well have more on that story in a minute, live from rafah. i'm michael reeves, just ahead in this half hour, the end of a gravy train in detroit. get the idea in your head. there's the house right there. i have no place to go. it was almost a common sent move for me. the law that's about to put squatters on the streets of the motor city. chilling images from china, what happened after a 6-year-old boy was run over by a truck. but first, betts get a look at our top stories. a state of emergency is effect following a powerful earthquake to hit the san francisco bay area. if it's early sunday morning and the quake sparked fires, more than 100 injuries are reported. a long jourpie home for an -- journey home for a journalist in syria. he was held for two years by the al nusra. today ferguson, missouri will bury michael brown. hundreds are expected to attend the funeral. including white house officials. dustin brown's father called for a day of piece out of respect to his son. [ explosion ] amateur video capturing the moment. an air strike brought down an apartment building. binyamin netanyahu says attacks like that over the weekend will continue, as long as necessary. israeli military says it carried out 16 air strikes overnight. we go to the crossing between gaza and egypt. what happened there and were there casualties. that's right. i'm at the rafah crossing, and i'm inside the departures interpret nal. you can see -- terminal. you can see obvious my shoulder passport control. people are trying to cross into egypt. let me give you an idea of the destruction by the overnight strikes. the missile strikes landing outside this terminal, this thing, as you can see, has fallen in. an awful lot of destruction from the missile strikes which landed outside of this terminal. as you point out there has been a series of israeli strikes. and we understand that at least 11 houses have been targeted. two mosques, and overnight six people lost their lives. >> in terms of the peace negotiations, where do both sides of this issue stand as we speak right now? >> over the past few days there has been a lot of chatter about peace talks, whether or not the factions will go back to cairo to restart the indirect negotiations which fell apart over a week ago. but what is significant is that this crossing where i'm at, features broadly in the talks. the palestinians want control over this crossing and control obvious the gaza strip. we understand that the israelis are not willing do that. again, there has been a lot of chatter about whether or not the two sides will go back to that negotiating table for the indirect talks, the yoinls continues. >> to much chatter and violence. thank you. >> this is a texas mum, obeying order after a forceful police stop. she was with her four children when pulled offer of the officers were responding to a call of a drive waving a gun on the road. they didn't realise they had the wrong car until her six-year-old second gets out with his hands up. police apologised, but barbara is troubled by the incident. >> you can't just say okay, i'm sorry, and i'm over it. i can't. i mean every time i listen or hear or think about it, it bothers you. it's not, you know, i can't say okay, i'm fine. it's okay. it's not a big deal. it is. >> the initial 911 call that police responded to was for a tan toyota, as you can see barbara drives a red nissan. >> hackers attacked sony's playstation gaming network, forcing an american airlines flight to the ground. let bring in erica pitzi on this. a serious matter. a lot of people play video games and are involved in this. >> exactly. we are talking about the playstation network having 53 million users. sony are trying to restore access. the fbi is investigating a bomb threat on a plane, carrying a top sony executive. a group is taking credit. the hackers club, users could not access the network. sony says user data was not compromised but things got personal to an online president who was on an american airline. the hacker group, carrying 180 passengers was carried to felix. where police surrounded the plane and searched the cargo. the ahagers said the attack was meant to pressure the tech giant and spend profits on customer security. >> you have to question motifs. it's one thing to attack the online community, having a plane divert is scary. you probably heard in statistic. 80,000 buildings filled the landscape. thanks to a law that let's people claim property, even if it's not theirs, hundred moved into homes. let's go to bisi onile-ere. she's in detroit on the west side. tell us about the anti-quating plant. >> good morning, stephanie. the new law will give landlords the authority to enter a property by force. squatters could face a misdemeanour. while many welcome the changes, not everyone is happy about it. [ ♪ music ] . >> reporter: a sign of life in an eastside detroit neighbourhood. empty lots, burnt-out structures speak to the decloip. >> nobody wants to be here. >> 27-year-old john debowa calls this a 4 bedroom house, a home. >> he has no running water, no electricity, and no electricity. he doesn't play mortgage or represent. he's scotting. >> living in a city. you see abandoned houses. there's a house, it's good, and i have no place to go. i mean, you know, it was a common sense move for me. >> it is part of a small group of people who abandoned the old property of their open. in a bankrupt city short on resources, there could be hundred, thousands of squatters out here. it's frustrating to me. brian fergusson said a squatter moved into his neighbourhood. this is the house rite here. >> did you tell them to squat. >> look at the windows. >> $17,000 in taxes are owed on the foreclosure. the woman here avoided two evictions, and one involving police. >> i'm bisi onile-ere, with al jazeera america. do you have a minute. >> they don't care, they have what is called squatters rite? you have to take them to court. they are not showing up. you are wasting your time and funny getting them out of a house. minutes later she emerges and denies doing anything wrong. so i'm waiting to see what the land bank is going to do, how they'll deal with the people. craig foley is with the land back, dedicated to turning the vacant into productive use. the goal is to find ways and they may have lost through foreclosure. people reduced to squatting to homs they once owned. >> if someone breaks into a property that they have no claim on, prior relationship, we'll take steps to evict those people. it will be a different situation for someone that fell behind in their taxes. that's something we'll treat differently. the small community of squatters may be in for a fight. >> do you worry that your days may be numbered. >> i feel it's something to be fought for. >> starting september 24th. new laws take effect, making squatting a criminal offense. it's a battle they may stand to lose. and again, lawmakers are hoping to get the message out that squatting is unacceptable again. the laws take effect. september 24th. back to you. bisi onile-ere live in detroit. >> well, the clock struck mud night for the biggest cinderella story. the jackie robinson west little leaguers fell short of a bid to make history. as jited tells us, there are champions in every sense of the world. >> absolutely, they accomplished so much. they were the first all-african american team to make it to the championship game. they could have become the first all american team to win. 30,000 fans looking on. >> jackie robinson west found themselves in a big hole, down a whopping 8-1. chicago scored 3 in 6. they had 2 mn on base. south korea wined the little league world series. afterwards the coach of the boys from chicago told us what he told his team. >> we were the best team in the united states and one of the best teams out here. they will share for the rest of their life. 13 guys. i'm always be able to talk about these moments in the world series. >> they'll have a brain. they have captured the spirit of chicago. >> ron emanuel mentioned there would be a parade for the jackie robinson little leaguers. >> they showed great sportsmanship, shaking happened with the winners from south korea. >> they have a bright future. >> absolutely. >> let look at other headlines making news. in brazil prison rioters beheaded two inmates and throw another off the roof. the revolt started because of poor prison conditions. and the inmates are holding two of the guards hostages, and there are negotiations going on in morning. but 60% of the gaol is in the inmates control. scary moments, there's believed to be ties to organised crime. they held up a banner with a well-known criminal organization in brazil. the als icebucket change has gone viral, including to china. some there have turned a cold shoulder and have dumped cold water on the spirit of the challenge. a lot of money has been raised. based on environment they say it's a waste of time. >> they did it in an area of draught. and some's it's wasting water. some have used it for publicity. but it raised $325,000 in 2013, in china. $3 million as of friday, $1.3 million in addition because of the ice bucket challenge. doctors say if teens don't snooze they load. "usa today" say they are urging schools to delay start time. remember when you were a teenager you never get enough sleep. it leads to obesity, anxiety and depression. 42% of public high schools start before 8am. . >> my high school started before 8am. how about this - go to sleep earlier, instead of sleeping longer. that'd be a simple solution. >> the ferguson community preparing for a final goodbye. we have a preview of what is expected to be an emotional service. >> we'll hear from miranda johns who organised a peace rally. >> the curtain closing on hollywood legend. richard attenborough. >> growing organs inside the human body is the discovery of the day. it's time for a discovery of the day. researchers in scotland created cells that when injected into mice can grow fully functioning organs, it hints at a treatment for heart, liver and kidney problems. research is in its infancy. the idea is to end reliance. but it could be 10 years or more before the technique will be safe. michael brown's funeral is expected to draw thousands of people. it put a responsibility on racism and the use of police force by police. ricky nelson is struck by the same notion as many young black men here. it might have been him. >> it could be any one of us, everyone knows that. it's no different. black men in america, it's simple. cut and dry. group up with the same circumstances. >> the protests have gone from sometimes violent to sombre. many say the the shooting of dustin brown highlights disrespect with which they are treated by the authorities. i see if a dog is hit they pick him up straight away. they let the baby lay there for four hours, on the hot concrete. blood splattering out of his head. >> at a funeral, brown will be laid to rest. the church is huge, the funeral will be open to the public. so many, they are likely to spill out on to the street, a sign of how deeply the killing affected the community. >> brown is the latest to die at the hands of police much police shoot a black man in america on average twice a week according to a study by u.s.a. today. most hope to ensure this time makes a difference, at least here. >> i don't think people will forget. they'll learn from this tragedy. maybe it will program opt more change with the police department. ricky nelson has a hope. >> reporter: what do you think will come of this? >> besides this man being prosecuted and going to gaol for the rest of their life. i know they'll stop shooting the black boys in the street. that's my goal. >> michael brown's funeral marks an end of sorts, the investigation could decide whether a nuisance of quiet remains on the city's streets. we are joined by miranda jones, the director of youth and family services by a nonprofit. better family life. good to have you with us on al jazeera. you helped to put on the peace fest. which i understand it brought together the families of michael brown, trayvon martin - black men shot and killed. what was it like to see the mothers, all the families together? >> it was emotional. i had the opportunity and the honour to be in the same vicinity with the mother, ms sabrina, trayvon's mother provided mentorship to lesley, who is michael brown's mother. there were tears, they prayed together. the reverend was with the family. they talked together, about a new life now that this has happened. it was a very emotional and moving opportunity. i know you had high hopes for healing in that conference. what do you think the gathering accomplished in the end. i think it definitely gave the michael brown family a sense of camaraderie with the other families. oscar grant's family was amazing. they provided mentor interest for the martin family, who provided mentorship for the brown family. there was a lot of healing in that conversation. they talked a lot about, you know, jut what they experience -- just what they experienced and what they can look forward to, and talked about what happened during the trial. this was a lot of conversation and a lot of healing, and again, it was just a very, very moving experience. ms jones, i want to ask how you are doing. i know you talked about your kids in the community, i believe they are going back to school today. what is it like to speak to them around the breakfast table about what is going on. and how have they been. they've been doing a lot better. the community as a hole is getting stronger. people are seeking understanding. i have been talking to my six-year-old, we talk about where is it you think people are upset, and we talk about the fact that what does it mean to surrender. when you throw your hand up, that means to surrender are, and michael brown was shot after throwing his hands up, it means he surrendered and should not have been shot. that means he gave up. he clearly understands that. he understands why people are upset. my 11-year-old is doing well and my 2-year-old knows nothing. they are coming to grips with what is going on, and upping the anger and -- understanding the anger and grieve about what people are feeling. we know that michael brown's funeral will be today. miranda jones joinings us from ferguson. thank you. a 6-year-old boy from shandong province chinese was lucky to be alive. he was playing in the street. a red s.u.v. ran over him. the wheels were high enough to avoid tragedy. the boy popped up. no word whether charges will will be fired against the driver. >> tremendous video. lucky the boy is unhurt. >> there's heat in the west about now. >> let's get a check of the forecast with dave warren. >> the west is seeing the temperatures. the radar shows the air is clear. the heat is building up, not much rain out west. fire is a problem. there has been a number of wild fires. this is more. video coming in from oregon. the wind picks up. you get dry air. it's fanning the olympic games. there's red flag warnings in effect. temperatures will climb, 80 in memphis, well into the 100 degree raping. >> dave warren, thank you. >> film lovers around the world are morning the death of oscar winning british director richart attenborough, dying at the age of 90. richart attenborough began his career as an actor, and remained in front of the cameras, reaching great height in the director's chair. >> reporter: it was a defining moment in his career, directing the epic film of mahatma gandhi, and it took richart attenborough 20 years to achieve. >> the film won eight oscars, including best director and actor. the life of gandhi was a topic close to richart attenborough's heart. >> the film captured absolutely the spirit of gandhi. that is as nice a compliment as i would wish to have. >> but it was as an actor that his career began, starting out in the 1940s, with bit parts. as his repertoire grew, he would appear in movies about the second world war. >> i'll cause a sting. >> as a leader of what history remembers as the great escape from a german prisoner of war camp. >> by putting more men out than ever escaped before. >> 200, 300, scatter them over germany. >> in life richart attenborough was a prime minister nept campaigner. something he would bring to the films he directed. richart attenborough returned to acting in the 1990s, taking on the roll of the creator of hollywood's joour asic park. he became frail, but his commitment to film endured. >> to work in the movies, to be allowed to express my files, my hopes and my aspirations and so on in the movies, in the cinema has no words for me. his place in the pan thi um of movies is assured. in england richart attenborough is being remembered as a sportsman the the life president of the chelsea football club. the team will wear black arm bans in his memory. >> a legend in britain. >> absolutely. >> coming up in the next hour - we talk to a childhood friend of peter theo curtis, about his release after being in hostage for two years. a man in hot water with the police after scaling the brooklyn bridge to scale a few picture. how he was able to make it on top of one of our iconic structures. >> we'll be back in 2 minutes. >> you need to get your life together >> i'm gonna do whatever needs to be done... >> ya boy is working on becoming a millionaire... >> an intimate look at what our kids are facing in school and beyond 15 stories, 1 incredible journey >> in this envelope is my life right now... >> edge of eighteen only on al jazeera america >> al jazeera america presents... labor day marathons >> our government is allowing an invasion >> our most acclaimed series.... back to back to back... toughest place... >> i call that a lot of hard work for next to nothing >> the system... >> a justice system run by human beings can run off the rails >> and borderland... >> a lot aof people haven't got a clue what goes on near the border >> al jazeera america presents labor day marathons >> this is not over... president of northern california dealing with aftershocks following a stronger shock to hit the country in more than 15 years. >> michael brown's father calling for peace and quiet during the teen adds funeral. >> an american journalist held hostage for two years is a freeman. the global manhunt for james foley's killers intensifies. and world series dreams come to an end for a little league team that inspired the country. a late surge by jackie robinson west was too little too late against the south korean champs. >> good morning, welcome back, i'm stephanie sy, and i'm in for dell walt jers. >> a state of emergency is in effect in california, after a quake struck this morning. >> utilities crews are working to restore power. the biggest quake to hit the san francisco bay area in 25 years. melissa chan is live in downtown napper, california. it is one of the hardest hit areas. is there a fear of aftershocks this morning? >> that's an excellent question. seismologists say there has been dozens of aftershocks and a 50% chance of a magnitude 5.0 shock. to show you some of the damage from the 6.0 quake, it is pretty bad. i can imagine how worried residents are of the aftershock. a lot of them you can't feel. they are subtle. but still people here are nervous. >> melissa. there are estimate of the economic damage being in the billion dollars. how did napper's famous wine industry fair in this quake? >> well, the vineyards are spread out. it's too soon to get a sense of how bad the damage is. to give you an camp. they are going to start to bottle up wine. they are in the production process. and they need power. with the power gone at some point, at some vineyards, there was a lot of worry, they have wine. they need to be temperature controlled. we saw some vineyards pull in generators. things appear to be getting back to normal. a state of emergency remains effect. what are the main concerns you are hearing from local officials. the main concern is to get things fixed as soon as possible. that's why there's a state of emergency. it cuts through the red tape. usual processes are skipped over, allowing people to access all the help they can get. melissa chan live in california, thank you. a 6.9 magnitude quake struck in a remote area in perrure, at tom bow, 3,000 miles south-west of lima. there's no reports of injure yours it was felt in liam -- injuries, it was felt in lima. >> in about two hours a funeral will begin for michael brown, the unarmed teen shot and killed by a police officer. hundreds of mourners were expected to pack a church. robert ray joins us from the spot where michael brown was shot. protests have gone on for two weeks. is there an assistance of change in the mood in that area this morning? >> good morning. there is. it's very calm and peaceful here this morning. expecting a hot day. you can just feel it out here. and you can feel it over the weekend. the fact that people are starting to calm down their attitudes, and take a real good look, a hard look at what happened two weeks ago, right there at that spot when 18-year-old michael brown was shot six times, unarmed. >> today moun's -- michael brown's parents say goodbye to their son. hundreds are expected to attend the service, al sharpton will yulo guise the unarmed 18-year-old, shot and killed by ferguson police officer darren wilson. sunday at an annual event called peace-pest 2014. michael brown's father thanked the community for standing with them. and in an emotional plea asked for calm to continue. >> all i want it peace while my son is laid to rest. please, please, take a day of silence so we can lay our son to rest. please. that's all i ask. michael brown's mother fought back tears. >> we love you. we love you back. >> dustin brown's death sparked racial tensions in ferguson. with two weeks much confrontations and chaos. for the last few days, the protests have been peace. it would appear peace is being restored in ferguson, and tonight, no police officer fired a single bullet. at the rally, the family got support from the parents of trayvon martin. >> it's a human right. michael brown had a right to live. >> hands up, don't shoot. thank you, god bless you. >> reporter: meanwhile, supporters of darren wilson urged people not to rush to judgment. >> let's take our time, wait to see the evidence and see what the grand jury has to say. >> reporter: was the grand jury reviews the evidence the justice department launched its open investigation. as a community member said, there's a toxic soup around the st louis area. i picked this up from the makeshift memorial, and says my skin colour is not a crime. that's one of the things in the toxic soup in the demonstrators are feeling. >> in addition to the memorial. schools are back in session after a week-long delay. is this an idea that the community is getting back to an assistance of normalcy. >> i think it is. you know, last week school supposed to begin. a lot of parents have to take off. you know, their jobs, because their kids were not in school. i think normalcy is coming back. there's also an even thought feeling here on the street and in the community that this is just the beginning of what they hope is a lot of change to come. as attorney-general eric holder said last week change is coming. he said to a group of student at a community college. i think the young man's death ocueing on the street, two weeks ago behind us, where we are at right now, is probably the catalyst for an open discussion across the county, not just here in ferguson. >> michael brown's funeral will begin in a few hours there. the long journey home begips for an american journalist in syria. peter theo curtis was held by an al qaeda afailiate, al nusra front and is with u.n. peace keefers in the gollon height. mike viqueira is following the story. the u.s. and qatar were involved in securing curtis's release. what were their roles. >> you are right. in a 2-year ordeal for peter theo curtis and his family is over. the family expressing release and gratitude. there is sadness over the killing of james foley. >> today's date is june 30th, 2013. in the video obpained by al jazeera. he appears calm and reading from a script. everything is perfect, food, clothing. >> but in another video reportedly shot weeks later is different pictures of curtis, his hand tied. an armed guard stands over him. >> i have three days, if you don't do anything, i'm finished, dead. >> the pleas answered sunday when after two years, secretary of state john kerry confirmed peter theo curtis was free. his family is crediting the qatari government with winning their sons release and it's reported no ransom was paid to set him free. peter theo curtis changed his name after publishing "under cover muslim", is believed to have been kidnapped by al qaeda lipped al nusra. president obama welcomed the news. while one family rejoices the release of their son, another mourns the son they lost. >> siblings, family, all of those gathered, we remember james foley. >> sunday james foley, the journalest beheaded by the islamic state group was remembered during a memorial in his home town of rochester newhampshire. the james foley family posted a letter written by their son. it was committed to memory by a fellow hospital what was released and relaid it to his family saying: people britain says it's close to identifying the man who executed foley, believed to be one of their own much. >> we have sophisticated voice technology which should allow us to be clear about who this person is before long. >> the question of whether ransoms are paid for hostages is volatile and controversy after it was said that european countries pay ransom. the americans do not pay ron some and does not in this case. >> mike viqueira reporting from washington. >> it was a violent weekend in iraq and sir ja. >> some warn that the islamic state group is not just a threat in iraq. >> good morning. it's been a tumultuous couple of days in the region. good morning to you as well. in iraq 42 people were killed in a series of car bombs in the forth. one evans, a suicide bomber drove into a police compound targetting a military gonesive wing. in syria, islamic state group expanding its reach. leaders urging the white house to do more to stop the islamic state in its tracks. a growing number of americans and brits are joining up. the key concern, whether the fighters, many well trained, will return here with a violent objective. >> it's a real threat. you saw the barbaric behaviour, and a problem is that it's gone unabated for two years, and that draws people from britain to across europe, and the united states to go and join the fight. >> we think as many as 500 people from the u.k. have joined jihad, i.s.i.s., so we are focussing efforts across the board on how to counter the terrible threat. >> so far the u.s. says it's humanitarian aid only, and restricting military action to jets and drones only in the sky. iraq's new prime minister, the new prime minister designate is appealing to other international allies like iran and norway for more help to curve the islamic state's vans. john terrett, think you for the update. >> elsewhere, an armed militia is in control of libya's main airport. the aeroplane and building was set on fire much it was closed for more than a month. violence intensified between rival militia groups who overthrew muammar gaddafi in 2011. >> thousand filled the streets in yemen's capital after talks collapsed. the leadership is threatened to be toppled. it is home to a dangerous al qaeda group. that is affiliated with the islamic state group. 16 air strikes op hamas, and one on a hamas fighter's house. we go to of the rafah crossing - attacked a short time ago. >> i'm inside the domestic terminal. you see passport control goodnight me. this is where three israeli missiles hit. to give you an idea of how powerful the impact of the strike was. let me direct the camera. >> you see the ceiling here. at least 11 houses were targeted, two mosques were targeted. i can update the death toll. six people have been killed since the israeli strikes began. israel consistently said it will meet calm with calm that's the word it likes to use. since before midnight, not an until rocket has been fired from palestinian territory or the gaza strip into israeli territory. that could mean, and i want to tres could mean we are moving towards a cessation of hostilities, an indication that both sides may be willing to go back to cairo to restart the talks. as we have been saying, as israeli strikes continue, the numbers dies rises since the talks broke down a week ago. over 100 people have been killed. >> now, this past weekend saw the strongest show of force by israel. a single israeli air strike brought down an apartment building. dozens were injured. israeli military says it housed hamas fighters. something residents denied. >> the u.s. coast guard is trying to figure out why four died off the coast of florida, their bodies floating 20 miles from hollywood beach. there's no science of boat wreckage. >> hundreds have been evacuated in tributy county. the wildfire has burnt 650 acres. >> tropical storm cystobell is making its way across the tropics. let's bridge in dave warren. >> the storm will track to the north, picking up the surf, especially along the coast. the moved lever the carr byian rain. a little too much led to flooding here. heavy rain coming down, a little too much at once is not gud news, it will lead to significant flooding. we have a cold frond, turning to the north and the north-east. the track intensified as moves along the track between 48 hours, and 96 hours, when it's out offer the o, it should intensify to a minimal hurricane. it would be to red current and many advisees, up through north carolina, delaware. these will likely expand north wards, obvious the coast. it creates swells leading to rip currents. >> hopefully not too much damage in the strong waters. >> president in napper california picking up the pieces following an earthquake. we are talking about the siz meteorologists about whether a tremor could be coming. >> a violent weekend in chicago. leaving 11 people, ind clouding a trial. and saying so long to a new york hotel in a grand fashion. a video captured by a citizens journalist around the world. an ex yale professor thinks so, find out why he says kids are afraid of risk. on the stream >> the stream on al jazeera america stuart! stuart! stuart! stuart! ♪ check it out. this my account thing. we can tweet directly toa comcast expert for help. or we can select a time for them to call us back. the future, right? ♪ this doesn't do it for you? [ doorbell rings, dog barks ] oh, that's what blows your mind -- the advanced technology of a doorbell.. [ male announcer ] tweet an expert and schedule a callback from any device. introducing the xfinity my account app. time now for a look at videos captured by citizen journalists. 10 were hurt in a neo-nazi group. the scene turned violence when demonstrators attacked police and their horses. >> a power boat racer is recovering after this. the wind caused the boat to flip into the air, and is came crashing down. >> a dramatic farewell for a hotel in albany new york. it got a fireworks display ahead of the dm legs. it was blown up to make way for a new center. in a moment, the latest on chicago gun violence. a weekend of shooting. leaving a 3-year-old boy. and a 3-year-old is in critical condition after a quake. it sparked fires, severed gas lines and ruptured gas mains. we are joined by seismologi [s] [t]. joining us from southern california. thank you for getting up early. everyone in northern california, are they in the clear, do they need to be worried about aftershocks 24 hours in? >> after every substantial earthquake there's a chaps -- chance, a certainty of aftershocks. also, within a certain time after a large significant earthquake like this, there's a chance of a larger earthquake afterwards. it's possible, not likely, put possible that a large eearthquake could happen, it's important for everywhere to be prepared and keep on their toes for a while. >> how long should they remain on their toes and brace for a larger quake? >> the likelihood of a larger quake dose down after every hour you haven't had run. a day or so after the event, a likelihood is decreasing. people should not run around scared. it means that the earthquake has not rendered the area safe. there's not only this system, but there are a number of - larger earthquakes in the vicinitiy. while large enough to cause damage and injuries, was not large enough to release all the seismic mrnal building up for the past 100 or so years. the all the under napper is a less are known fault. does sunday's earthquake give experts like yourself, something to look out for. was this on the radar? >> it was mapped before. there was an session that conversations active. size meteorologists did not feel it was the next earth quake in the region, it was known to be a high seismic hazard. it was not a surprise in the sense that it's the earthquake you expect to see in the region it tells us more about the fault. it is giving researchers a lot to look at. >> another thing they learned was the advance warning to be given to experts. >> the experimental early warning system in place provided about 10 seconds of warning to the u.c. berkeley lab, a little away from napper valley, and it's very encouraging that a system like this could work well. there'll be increased work. maybe she could be brought to bear and in a real way. >> seismologists, david obalvey joins us. thank you for your expertise. >> a suspect in the daily los angeles shooting spree is in custody following a stand off in the san fenn ando valley north of downtown. police had been looking for him following three shootings. three were killed, four injured. >> and another wave of gun violence strikes chicago. for another weekend, five dead, two gunmen shot by police. let's bring in erica pitzi, good morning. more people were wounded in the latest stripping of shootings. >> yes, more that 40 shot, including a 3-year-old who is in critical condition. it comes after 7 people were killed, 30 wounded across the city last went. statistics are alarge, 1200 have been shot since the beginning of the i can't remember. the average aim is 28. 80% shot to death were black. the city instructing to control the violence calls in state troopers, it's a complicated task. all fighting against each other. some argue the problem is bigger, saying segregation and limited opportunities are fostering a community filled with criminals. the mayor is focussing on community policing. they really need to get it under control but seems hard to do in chicago. >> let's look at the textures across the name. >> when you look at temperatures like this, at this hour, not barely below 80 degrees. that's an investigation you are in for a not afternoon. you'll climb into the upper 90s. you'll see the heat building up. above 100. you factor in the humidity. heat advisors. the area expanding as the temperatures will climb. not much expected in the way of rain. to the north, here is the relief from hot weather. cooler air approaching from the north. look at the textures dropping behind that. that's slowly moving south. >> an american journalist now a free man, af being held captive for two years. we talk to a childhood peter theo curtis. >> soldiers pelted by objects by russian separatists. the celebrations they mocked with a troubling parade. >> the boys from chicago, the little league champs, can they beat south korea. all the highlights. >> and more of destruction from the earthquake that hit napper, california. >> schools are closed for buildings to be inspected. power crews are working around the shop. >> al jazeera america presents a self portrait of generation now... >> so many of my friends is pregnant... >> i feel so utterly alone... >> you need to get your life together >> i'm gonna do whatever needs to be done... >> ya boy is working on becoming a millionaire... >> an intimate look at what our kids are facing in school and beyond 15 stories, 1 incredible journey >> in this envelope is my life right now... >> edge of eighteen only on al jazeera america you are looking life in gaza where six people have been killed by israeli air strikes overnight. good morning, welcome back to al jazeera america. coming up, islamic state fighters gaining ground in syria, taking control of a major airbase, a game seen as a below to government forces and going to great height to snap a selfie. the heart-pounding video that is not for those with a fear of heights. >> not at all. >> let's get a look at the top stories. residents in napper california continuing to clean up following a 6.0 magnitude earthquake. more than 100 were hurt in the tremor. governor jerry brown declared a state of emergency. family and friend gather and ferguson, missouri to say goodbye to michael brown. >> it's the first day of school following two weeks of delay. a man kidnapped two years ago is a free man. for two years he was held by an al qaeda affiliate. joining us now to talk peter theo curtis coming home is a journalist and friend, jennifer style. thank you for joining us from bolivia. since your relationship was close, you felt a sense of release that he was brought home safely. >> yes. mostly i'm overwhimingly grateful that his family will have him back. it's been a terrible or-dell for his mother and family. mostly i'm grateful they have him back. >> how did you know peter theo curtis. how long have you guys been friend, acquaintances. >> well, we met in high school. i guess we were around 14 when we met in vermont. and he was my high school boyfriend. we stayed in touch over the years, and he was the one who invited me to come to yemen in 2006. a move that is changing my life. i owe him an enormous debt. >> for those that haven't travelled to the areas, whether it be yemen or other places in the middle east. there's an idea that americans are targets when they travel there. what was your sense when you were there for a long period of time? >> well, my first impression when i arrived in yemen is that yemenis were the warmest friendliest hospitable people i have ever met, which is not what you read in the papers, before i moved to yemen, i was concerned about safety and asked theo how they were. he said you are likely to die in a traffic accident. he said they are the warmest people. and he was right about that. >> when do you hope to speak to him, what would you like to say to him when you do? >> well, i'm certain going to let him have time with his family, i don't want to intrude on that. i did want him to know that i have been worried and i'm so relieved that he's free. and i hope he can recover from the horrors he's been through. >> not just his family, but other american citizens are relieved that he has been released. thank you for your time. >> michael, iraq's new prime minister says the country needs international help to battle the islamic state group. he's talking to leaders from norway. tehran sent troops to help saying it is committed to securing stability. iraq's prime minister haider al-abadi is taking to the airwaves to appeal to the dividing country. jane arraf has more. >> a wind range of requirements, cracking down on militias are, reaching out to the kurd and coming up with a programme that the new government, still to be named, will put in place. the iraqi government and the kurdish regional government are dealing with a change of how to care for hundreds of thousands of people. many from religious minor ties, fleeing the towns when the islamic state group took over. >> on the northern edge of iraq. fighting uprooted vulnerable people. this is a religious minority near mosul. there's fewer than 20,000 of them. they have elements of sooufy and shia. and christianity. when islamic state group took over, they all fled. >> there's so many religions with deep roots. iraq is known as the land of prophets. the islamic state made throats from religious minorities to convert or die - there's no room for them. the shabaq ended up in a champ. this unfinished warehouse sa microcosm of iraq, and its ancient traditions. shemar is an arab, but her husband was a kurd. when islamic state fighters came, everyone was under threat. she said critons, yazidi, shaked abbings, muslims left together. this family is the kak quayeea, it's a mystic alt offshoot with roots in pershe. >> that man says a lot of things written about the kak ky are wrongment the important thing is they believe god is everywhere. . >> translation: we believe in all religions, no matter which religion or selent. we respect all religions. . >> reporter: they come from a criton city. none of these minorities have militias. they rely on others for protection. his father says what they are suffering is historic we have seen hunger and theirs in drought. and experienced natural disasters, but never encountered such loss or catastrophe as this. ricky minorities have been disappeared and many expelled from their land. this time the exile may be permane permanent. a lot of people do want to go back to their homes. they are demanding a ray out of iraq. and are asking the united states to take them out. >> the u.n. condemned the target of minorities. disarray in french politics after the country's prime minister resigned. french president francis hollande arrived the prime minister to form a new government. the second reshuffle in five months, amid crittism assessment austerity policies. ebola is proceeding to other parts of africa. democratic republic of congo reported two deaths but yes say it's not related it the outbreak in west africa, because it's a different strain of ebola. the first british citizen is receiving streams in london. he was in sierra leone, when he got sick. 1400 died from bowl in that country, guinea and liberia. pro-russians separatists marched captive soldiers down the streets of donetsk. human rights watch called the treatment of troops a violation of the geneva convention. >> reporter: in the city of donetsk pro-russian sfraitists held an alternative ceremony in defines of kiev. dozens of prisoners captured during months of fighting were paraded through the streets. also on show, destroyed ukranian military hardware. as the rest of the country marks 23 years of independence, separatist fighters are loyal to mo moscow. where the shell landed on the hospital mortuary. >> the ukranian capital is the different screen. thousands celebrated independence day with a show of military might. the government promised to spend much of the hardware for the front line. >> the event in recent months have become a war, not officially announced but still realm they'll probably go down in history as the great war of 2014, if the war against aggression, ukraine, war and glory. independence. >> in eastern ukraine, not far from the fighting the people of slovyansk staged their open celebration. [ speaking foreign language] >> reporter: there's confidence here that the ukranian forces are back in control. several weeks ago slo was the center of -- slo was the center of activity, now a small group of people is showing support to kiev. it's hard to imagine everyone here feels the same way. ukranian forces are doing everything to eradicate separatists. it's a normality, but not quite. >> dozens of towns have been recaptured in the last few months. a few kilometres from here, ukraine is divided and at war. human rights watch says russia should exert its influence over the separatist forces. >> a new fast food megamemper could be in the works. burger king could be worth as much as $18 billion if it pulls off the dealment if it happiness, they said they'll move their headquarters to canada. lowering the company's taxes in the u.s. analysts say that is the real reason behind the mo. >> sony's playstation is online. there's no evidence hackers were able to access personal information. it target gaming services. blizzard battle.net and grinding gear reported disruptions offer the weekend. >> cyber attacks coincided with a bomb scare on a plane carrying a sony executive. the plane was diverted. the president of sony online entertainment was on the flight. moments before the threat he tweeted about effort to stop hacking attempts. the little league team couldn't quite overcome the finale. jited is now -- john henry smith is here with that story. >> this doesn't just build character it reveals it. their run revealed tough possess, sportsmanship and love from their fans. >> reporter: they charmed a nation. >> i don't like losing. it's like a girl dumping you. >> they energized a city. and they inspired millions by doing what few thought they could, making it all the way to the little league world series championship game. >> they are on top. chicago is going gradesy. the jackie robinson west all as far as took the field as the only all african-american team to advance. the team that had to win 4 straight win or go home games to get to the game didn't quit when it found itself down 8-1, rallying for three runs in the six. it fell short. south korea won 8-4, which, in the end, did nothing to dampen the admiration of their coach. >> we are proud of what happened. we were the best team in the united states. >> nor did it dampen the enshoesias of their fans. it lifted the spirit of a chicago beset by violence, and raised hopes that african-americans may return to the sport. current players paid over $20,000 for the little leaguers' families to go with them. as important as all could be, the coach of the jackie robinson calls this something precious. >> this is something they'll share for the rest of their lives. >> the guys will always talk about these moments. >> there's a parade scheduled in chicago for the heroes, probably op wednesday. >> absolutely. i understand that the ratings are high. people are interested in the team. would you rather watch chicago white sox, chicago cubs. or these guys s. >> it was more entertaining to watch these kids. what i thought was how the community came alive. you saw the scoops. >> we had so much bad news from chicago. it's great to see something they can be proud of snow. jited, thanks a lot. >> let your teenagers sleep in. the largest paediatrician group is pushing forward schools to start later. 45% of students get less than eight hours of sleep. >> the american heart association is calling for restrictions cigarettes that contain nicotine. they want to ban minors from using e-cigarettes. the group's president assess the vapours produced could pose a danger. >> the people prepare to say goodbye to the young man shot and coupled. >> jason johnson joins us to discuss the changes some hope his death will bring about. >> a teenager making a once in a life-time catch. finding a rare blue lobster. . >> all right. take a look at this. it is a blue lobster. >> wow. >> quite the catch for a 14-year-old girl and her mother in maine. they are so rare, your chances of getting one are less than 1 in 2 million. people who study lobsters say the colour is caused by a genetic defect. this will be heading to maine state aquarium. >> much better than a pot for dinner. in a moment, an expedition in remote parts of australia to find rare rock art that could be 20,000 years over. >> first, michael brown will be buried today, the un arm teenager shot to death by a police officer. hundreds are expected to attend. including white house house officials, and reverend al sharpton and reverend jesse jackson. we are joined in atlanta to take about this. mr johnson, does brown's funeral offer a sense of closure to the country? >> not even close. there's ongoing investigations by the figure. there's an undietment hearing by state attorney. you have protests planned for tomorrow. you have people that may want to protest today. this is not over. the white house is sending three rpt tifs to the funeral. what signal does that send to the community? >> depend on your politics. if you are in support of darren wilson getting arrested, you may think it's supporting your side if you thing michael brown was a criminal, you may think president obama is tipping his hand. this is national story, low level representatives have been sent. they are aware of what is going on. and the united states government is concerned about event that spiral. >> you said this is far from over. they are calling for the mayor to stop down. are either of tees miption likely to happen. it's lily to happen. the state or town constitution says you can recall a mayor. the only - it only tacks me 15 residents to sign a petition there's a good chance that the mayor will be gone in october before the end of this year. mcauliffe he is not leaving the case or recruiting himself. i think the residents are stuck with him. >> someone says change is taking place as a result of event in ferguson. police procedure. the mill ittarisation is questioned. >> yes, that's a good thing. the president of the united states sporned to pressure. this has been going on for a long time. a lot of libertarians have been talking about it. it took the images to make the story hit the main stream. if there's a positive out of the death of this young man, it went be that we will see the response. it's a serious problem and it's being addressed. >> is a positive to people in ferguson, amma thetic to the -- apathetic to the political process getting involved. >> there's con certain about low turn outlet there's lots of places that don't turn out. los angeles county has a lofr turnout. they want candidates from the african-american community. i think that will change in the wake of this tragedy. jason johnson joining us, thank you for being with us. >> in australia aboriginal rock art that could be up to 20,000 years old is being rediscovered. andrew thomas reports. >> reporter: is it important for you to come back? >> yes, it is. >> reporter: why? >> my dad and grandfather roamed around the area, living here when my father was a little boy. >> no one lies in the remote part of arn 'em land. for thousands of years nomadics roamed. now the descend ents are coming back, announcing their arrivals. the family has been here before. it's special. >> the focus of this trip is to hook for ancient rock art. in 1967 an anthroe pollogical expedition discovered dozens of pictures. the area was so tough to reach over land, the trip was not repeated until now. this time with the help of a helicopter. it's bringing the descendants of the artists to a head. it is to see what the ancestors messed and what stories can be read into the picture. as much as an art ex-bed eggs, this -- ex-bed eggs, this is a cultural one. >> for decades australian government policy is to take nomadic aborigines away from their traditional lands and house them in village. breaking ties did little to pull many out of poverty and dependence. sometimes it's a problem. >> certainly when people visit their land, for the first time, it gives them a sense of belonging. >> this expedition will last two weeks. it's hoped more art will by found. as important is those looking can find links with their past, and with those, a better forward. australia had some of the oldest and largest open-air rock art sites in the world. film lovers around the world are mourning the death of richart attenborough. the 90-year-old actor and director won a pair of oscars for "gandhi." and he spent more than 60 years in the film industry, directing "shado lands", and "a bridge too far", he will be recognised reels in "jura sac ic park." and all buys on beyonce at the music video awards. [ sings ] [ cheering and applause ] . >> she was given the michael jackson lifetime achievement. she fought back tears saying i love you to her husband and 2-year-old. in the past two years there was rumours that they would separate. >> how do you get a lifetime award so young. >> she still has a ring on it. this man in new york on the brooklyn bridge, on support beams stopping to take snapshots. i am sure selfies were involved. he was taken into custody on the way down. >> hong kong, these three teens scaled to the stop of that ski scraper. i can't look at it. it's the world's scariest selfie, look at the angles, you sow the pop of spire, it's pairly big enough. that building is 135 feet above the streets of hong kong. >> the kid standing - there's nothing holding him. >> might have been adrenaline. >> that's impressive. >> another look at the weather. dave warren is here. i hope you don't have high shots of satellite. >> i can go way up. a couple of sthous and -- thousand miles in space. this is expected to intensify into a hurricane, as it passes off the koch. temperatures climbing above 100 degrees. heat index is over 11 po warnings and advisees in in effect. severe storms. >> the place could use rain. >> coming up, al jazeera america - full coverage from michael brown's furniture as it gets under way. >> that will do it for now much i'm michael eaves, and i'm stephanie sy. we'll have the latest on syria and ukraine. thanks for watching. >> hello, and welcome to the news hour. jane dutton in doha with your top stories. working with the international community to battle what it calls islamic state terrorists. and political chaos in france the prime minister offers administration around economic policy. >> the united states an appeal for calm fromhe
i'm michael yves. 18-year-old michael brown was unarmed when he was killed more than two weeks ago. it happened in a st. louis suburb of ferguson when officer deron williams ended brown's life. now it is been investigated by the justice department. it is expected to be an emotional funeral and burial. meanwhile robert ray is at the spot where brown was shot and killed in ferguson. robert, you're seven miles away away from the services. what is the mood and the scene at ferguson? >> reporter: well, the mood is quiet here. behind me is the area where michael brown was shot dead. people have been coming out and paying their respect to the actual pace where he laid for nearly four hours in a fool of blood. people are trying to mourn the situation the best they can and respect what michael brown's father said yesterday, have a peaceful day with no demonstrations. and with respect to his son. michael? >> robert, obviously a lot of eyes and attention on the memorial service. a lot of people are expected to attend. in fact, they had to bring in extra seats to accommodate an extra thousand people there in st. louis missouri. what have you heard from the guests and speakers at the funeral? >> the first was a note or release from the press secretary saying that the governor has decided not to attend this morning so he could let the family go through their process of grief and not draw any attention from the situation. the thing is that the governor was on that list to be there this morning, and some of the lawmakers and other people who have been critical of the way he has handled the situation will likely take up the fact that he is not showing up this morning. in addition we have people from the entertainment industry, p. daddy, snoop dogg is expected to be in attention. the eulogy given by reverend sharpton, and members of martin luther king's family will be in attendance along with dozens of lawmakers not only from the state but around the surrounding region. also the white house has three different people they're sending into town. a big crowd. >> you mentioned people all across the country. you saw maxine waters, congresswoman from california. what about the rest of the day once the funeral services have ended, you know what else is planned in ferguson today? i think they are a he going respect what michael brown's father has asked for at the peace festival, a day of remembrance and quiet and thinking of the future. people say there will be a lot of silent protesting going on in the weeks add, and maybe not so much demonstrations on the streets. i think people want to change here in ferguson in the st. louis area and are hoping unfortunately that the young man's death behind me where he was killed has brought up a new discussion across america not only from race relations but the way police handle themselves in the u.s. michael. >> robert ray in ferguson. we'll hear more from robert as the day goes on here in al jazeera america. again, live pictures inside the friendly temple ba baptist church. let's listen close for the music being played inside the service. [♪ music ] >> you can see inside the church. you, you can see the family of michael brown has yet to enter the service. seats are served for other dignitaries who will be involved in the church. we would like to bring in jason johnson, political science proffer at hyrum college who spent time in ferguson during the shooting. he's in atlanta. thank you for joining us once again. i wonder from what you've seen and the people you've talked to what effects will today's memorial service have on the protest intelligently going in ferguson? >> they've been canceled. i've received a couple of e-mails that out of respect for the family they will not hold any protest marchs today. i suspect things will be very quiet. this is the beginning of the end of the outward protest phase that has been happening in ferguson. we'll see a lot of strategy, voter organization and long term planning. that's one of the things that will be happening after the funeral today. >> we'll talk to some of the people in attend. president obama sending three of his aides. i want to talk about someone who will not nobody attention. the governor of missouri, governor nixon will not be attending. he said that the governor has communicated to the attorneys of the families representing the familiethe family of michael brown that he will not be attending the service. >> it's just another in a long list of incompetent, insensitive and tone deaf things he has done since this whole tragedy began. s a pathetic and cowardly move on his behalf. it's one thing if the family asked him not to attend. but obviously by the tone of that letter it sounds like he did have an open invitation to attend, but he did not show up you just had the entire city that you governor engulfed in protests throughout the last several days and you cannot show up to the funeral of the young man's whose death began all th this. >> i have the parking list in my hand right now, and in the executive lot reserved in the back of the sanctuary governor jay nixon had a spot. they were totally expecting him to be there, it's quite interesting in the last minute he said he will not be there. as it relates to the local politicians in the area there have been calls for the mayor of ferguson to step down. there have been calls for the local prosecute for recuse himself from the case. what do you think will happen in those with regards in the wake not only of the protest and unrest but in today's funeral service. >> you can put a fork in the mayor. i think he's done. there will likely be a recall vote in october six months in his--he just got reelected in april. you just need 15% of the population to fill out a recall. the question is who interested in taking his place. no one has raisin from the ashes willing to take his job. as for the prosecutor, i don't think he's going anywhere. mccullough said he's stubbornly going to prosecute this case even though no one believes in bob mccullough. >> thank you for joining us from atlanta. we thank you for your time this morning. >> thank you. >> and of course we'll have much more on michael brown's funeral throughout the program. now you see more family, friends and dignitaries making their way into the church at the friendly baptist church. we'll have more coverage from st. louis. right now we want to share other news with you throughout the country and the world. the u.s. military has give the all clear following what is described as the shooter incident. about 130 miles of washington, d.c. located at prince george's county. the base was placed on lockdown. personnel were told to observe active shooter protocols. it is now under control and the shooter in question was wounded. one building remains on lockdown at this time. one person is dead and two injured after a mortar shell exploded just over the border of st. louis, missouri. it deals with the ammunition industry. after experiencing the worst earthquake in 25 years san francisco is preparing for aftershocks. more than 100 people were injured but there have been no deaths reported so far. melmelissa chan is live downtown. a lot of people in napa obviously won't be headed to work or school, melissa, from your vantage point what is happening downtown. >> well, this, is the worst most badly impacted intersection. i wanted to show you this badly damaged building. if you take a closer look at the door there is a red certificate. that means that the building inspectors have looked at it and decided it is not structurally sound. we're told there are 40 teams that will be going around the city, around the area to look around the buildings. they've made progress considering the fact that this earthquake happened 24 hours ago. >> the biggest earthquake the area has felt since 1989. there have been a few injuries, but mostly things falling apart. by morning the flames were out, and the residents all accounted for. barbara hornsby tells us despite her damaged home she feels blessed not devastated. >> happy to be alive because if that bookcase had come over just a tiny bit differently i could have had a broken neck. instead i just had a little blood. either one th the interior doorway or outer door. >> she has a place to sleep tonight with neighbors but no clue what their options are. they're trying to take the unexpected disaster in stride. >> you're looking at the worst hit area. we're in downtown napa and the good news is that the quake took place in the middle of the night so all these restaurant and businesses were at least closed. >> my bed just started shaking and all the lamps fell off my nightstand. the tv fell off the wall. the microwave fell over. none of the emergency lights came on so i was scrambling for the latches to get out. >> by midday business owners had made some progress. some businesses have already reopened. but others need more time. city workers, firefighters, those working to fix power lines all work to get things back to normal as quickly as possible. the governor has called for a state of emergency. >> we have probably 100 plus gas leaks, power lines down. medical calls are in the neighborhood of 80-plus at this time. >> most tourists despite the nighttime scare tried their best to carry on with their daytime plans and the damage appears limited in wine country. just to add a little bit more about the vineyards in this area. after all the maintain of the sk city. without power, the vineyards are in bottling season. vineyard without power it was touch and go. they were bringing in generate tours keep things going. >> some of those wineries had dodge losing barrels and bottles they already had in their stock. anyone who has lived through earthquakes or knows anything about them knows that aftershocks very likely after the big one hits. how are the effects of the aftershocks effecting those in that region? >> that's an accident question. with this particular quake there is a 50% chance that there will be an aftershock of 5.0. that's pretty big. and of course it makes people here very nervous. vineyards an and residents combined. >> in nap at aa, california, thank you. >> peter theo curtis was held for two years by an al-qaeda affiliate called the al nusra front. al jazeera's mike viqueira is following the story from washington. the u.s. and qatar were involved in the release. what do we know about the roles that they played. >> you're right. the ordeal is finally over. his family is expressing relief and gratitude and grief for the murder of james foley. >> in this video, peter that heio curtis appears calm and appears to be reading from a script. >> i have everything that i need. everything has been perfect. food, clothing, even friends now. thank you very much. >> you. >> but in another video reportedly shot only weeks later a much different picture of curtis. his hands tied while an armed guard stands over him. >> my life is in very, very grave danger. i have three days. three days to live. three days. if you don't do anything i'm finished. i'm dead. they will kill me. >> those pleas answered sunday when after nearly two years of captivity secretary of state john kerry confirmed curtis was free. his family is crediting the qatarry government for winning their son's release. it was reported that no ransom was paid to set him free. curtis who changed his name after publishing the book "undercover muslim" was kidnapped by the al nusra front. while one family rejoices the release of their son another mourns the son they lost. >> siblings, family, all of those gathered here we remember james foley. >> sunday james foley, the journalist beheaded last week by the islamic state group was remembered during a memorial in his hometown in new hampshire. late last night the foley family posted a letter by their son while he was in in captivity. it was relayed by another who memorized it. britain said it is close to identifying the fan who executed foley who is briefed to b believed to be one of their flown there is very sophisticat ed voice technology to allow us to know who is person is before very long. >> on this controversial credited why of ransom and who is paying it, there was no ransom paid by the american government. the curtis family understand it, the qatarry government did not pay a ransom either. which is controversial because many european captives are freed by ransom and it is one of the major sources of funding by tourists in the middle east. >> coming up here in al jazeera america another violent weekend in chicago leaving 11 people including a child recovering from injuries. we have the latest on shootings that plague the windy city. days of protest that turn violent at times giving way to a solemn gathering at a local baptist church you see the father of michael brown. michael brown sr. you're watching al jazeera america. >> start with one issue education... gun control... the gap between rich and poor... job creation... climate change... tax policy... the economy... iran... healthcare... ad guests on all sides of the debate. >> this is a right we should all have... >> it's just the way it is... >> there's something seriously wrong... >> there's been acrimony... >> the conservative ideal... >> it's an urgent need... and a host willing to ask the tough questions >> how do you explain it to yourself? and you'll get... the inside story ray suarez hosts inside story weekdays at 5 eastern only on al jazeera america >> you're looking live in ferguson, missouri, at an impromptu site where michael brown was shot and killed. the mother of michael brown as well as other friends and families around america have gathered to say their final goodbyes to michael brown. reverend al sharpton will be speaking. jesse jackson, spike lee and several white house staffers are in attend. we'll have more coverage from st. louis in just a moment. in other news a wave of gun violence struck chicago. five people are dead including two gunmen who were shot by police. erica, even more people wounded in this latest round of shootings. >> we're talking about 40 people shot over the weekend, including a three-year-old boy who remains in critical condition. this comes after seven people were killed and 30 more wounded in shootings last weekend. now the statistics are alarming. take a look at this. since the beginning of the year more than 1200 people have been shot in chicago. nearly 240 of them were killed. the average age of the victims is 28 years old. and 80% of those shot to death were black. now the city struggling to control the violence have been called in to help. it's a complicated task. there are more than 600 different gangs fighting against each other. some argue say the problem is much bigger suggesting that segregation and limited opportunities is fostering a community filled with criminals. in 2012 it's murder rate hit 500, higher than new york and los angeles, and a year later homicide went down 20%. believe it or not, michael, it is on track to fall even more by the end of this year. >> trying to find good news in such a violent and troubling story. thank you for the update. well, gaza was pounded overnight by the israeli military. there were 16 airstrikes including one on a mosque and hamas fighter house. the hamas fired ten rockets into israel as well today. the departure lounge where people could make their way into egypt was heavily damaged. the latest fighting comes after prime minister benjamin netanyahu warned that attacks will continue as long as necessary. hundreds gathered for a final farewell to michael brown. there you see his mother, and her husband at the casket where michael brown remains live right now as the funeral services continue. the unarmed teenager was killed by a police officer dero darren wilson more than two weeks ago. we'll go live to robert ray at the scene of the shooting, and also take you back inside the memorial services after the break. @ >> funeral services under way at this hour in st. louis, missouri. this is a live look at friendly temple missionary baptist church where an emotional goo goodbye is under way to 18-year-old michael brown. white house staffers all in attendance at the ceremony. friends and family will be addressing those in attendance momentarily. i'm michael yves here in new york. welcome book al jazeera america. funeral services are under way. we'll take you now to ferguson, missouri, the scene where michael brown was shot. and robert ray is standing there in the suburb of st. louis. what is taking place behind you right now? the makeshift prayer service was occurring just second ago. i'll step out. this is the scene where michael brown was shot and killed. he laid there for a few hours until he was finally taken. this is the area that he was killed on august 9th. today people are coming out to stand around the scene and prayer and make sure that his family knows that the community is there for them. people, a steady stream of people have been coming in and out of the area, and we expect more throughout the day. it's a calm, quiet scene unlike what it was a couple of weeks ago. >> after today's services there in st. louis obviously more eyes will turn to the intelligently going investigation surrounding the circumstances of his death. and we're starting to learn more about the makeup of the grand jury that will hear this case and decide whether they will issue an inindictment. what can you tell us on those that will be surprised in that grand jury? >> well, al jazeera america has confirmed that the grand jury is made up of seven men and five women. nine of those are white. three of them are black. they are meeting every wednesday. they just met this past wednesday. they'll meet again in a couple of days. we're told it could take as long as mid opportunity to review all of the evidence put in front of them to decide whether or not officer darren wilson is indicted on any charge of killing michael brown, 18 years old, in the spot behind me, michael? >> robert, there is money being raised for the brown family and for the police officer darren williamson. what do these numbers look like in terms of donations that have been coming in? >> yes, they are big money. if you look at michael brown so far over $240,000 has been raised online for his family. now officer darren wilson, over $375,000 at moment on saturday we're at an event in south st. louis for officer darren wilson where a lot of police officers were outside of a bar putting signs up in front of the traffic that was going by. so that was in motion. both sides getting money, michael. >> robert ray reporting live in ferguson. there is a live shot back inside the temple where michael brown will be laid to rest stay with us on al jazeera america for more coverage of michael brown's funeral. >> a changing community, a new majority, and a power structure still in the hands of an old guard. it's "inside story." >> hello, i'm ray suarez .
fights in washington often involve big binary questions about the future. axis, war and peace, healthcare. some washington fights go on below the public radar but carry with them the ability to explain a lot about how the u.s. government works and how the tug-of-war between the political schools of thought go on. we'll look at the debate over the export credit agency, the export-import bank of the united states. what it's for, how it works, and whether it should continue to exist at all. >> more small businesses are selling their goods abroad more than ever before. nearly 300,000 last year alone. we should be doing everything we can to excel rate this process, not stall it. >> a little known washington agency topped president obama's weekly address saturday. the bank provides loans and insurance to foreign purchasers of u.s. products. it gets companies like boeing to get more foreign companies to buy their planes. and it helped solidify a deal between caterpillar and australian mine company. but critics say the bank is a form of crony capitalism that picks winners and losers. delta airlines can't get the bank's help to buy boeing planes because it's a u.s. company, but it's competitor british airways can. it supported $37 billion in transactions, which helped create 200,000 jobs. at 80 years old the bank traditionally won support from both sides of the aisle in congress until now. >> the charter of the export-import bank expires in a few weeks. and the debates swirling around it's future has created unusual allies and unusual enemies. republicans who insist they're the fast friends of business don't support the bank. while democrats often described as hostile to free enterprise want to renew the charter. politics, economics, and ideology are crashing at the bank's front door. here with us to discuss the banks future. our guests. >> george munoz, i'm asking to ask you to pretend you're in a tenth grade civics class. how does it work? >> it works where a manufacturer wants to sell it's goods to markets overseas, and the local bank says i don't want to take that risk, i don't know that company overseas so they'll finance the purchaser of those goods so the u.s. seller can sell their products overseas. >> the bank originates the loans. gives the funds to the overseas purchaser which uses that loan money to buy goods from the u.s. corporation. >> it is conditioned on them buying u.s. goods. >> do they underwrite, guarantee or back up the loan? who holds the bag if something goes wrong? >> they can give a direct loan to the buyer of the u.s. products or guarantee a bank in the local country that lends the money to the buyer and the u.s. import-export bank can guarantee that loan. but it is the u.s. import-export bank that takes the risk. it's a calculated risk. in its total loss it has had more gains than losses and losses are less than 1% in terms of default. >> if people barrow usin using using this mechanism, they're likely to pay back. what is the problem? >> saying that it's taking the risks, it's the u.s. taxpayers are taking the risk. >> well, it doesn't sound like a risk. >> well, if fannie and freddie were profitable until it isn't. if you look closely to what he says. these are loans in places where private capital would not ordinarily provide loans. what he's say something these places are so risky that the market won't provide the capital. so therefore the tax payers should. now if you're sitting at home wondering does that make sense, the answer is no, it doesn't make sense. what the bank is really just a politically connected slush fund for crony capitalism that benefits just a few companies that can hire the best lobbyists, in the last six years one-third of its loan guarantees went to one company, boeing, which is why the bank in washington is referred to as the bank of boeing. how come there is one company getting a special benefit from the federal government and really the tax payers. we're wondering the same thing. that's why we r oppose it's authorization. >> there has been a vestigial banking system, an infant banking system still trying to find its feet. if you want to buy chemicals for power plant or feed stock to start your own processed goods onshore. would those buyers in africa, asia, parts of latin america find it easier to turn to germany or swedish manufacturers instead of americans if they can't get these guarantees. >> of course they probably would. just because other countries are subsidizing their experts doesn't meaexports doesn't mean that we should, too. we should take the benefits of cheap exports. if other countries want to shoot themselves in the foot, they should do that. if you look at these foreign lending agencies when they say we're going to say i, they decided to reinvest in africa. some of these country may not be ready to electrical infrastructure and it's massive corporations that are making profits off of this. we think that the market should decide if a country in africa is ready to build an electric grid, they're going to find the capitol, they'll take the loans and take the risk and that's how it works. >> if your' making a turbines at a plant in g.e. in the united states, and that country in africa goes to a swedish manufacturer instead because the supportive government would not loan them money, that's a good deal for you, why? >> there are seen and unseen costs. with the roy hill mine you have caterpillar. they're getting a loan guaranteed to export their mining equipment to australia. now he'll get those savings from the tax payers she is now able to better compete with american miners here in minnesota and michigan. there are seen and unseen costs. but really what we have here in the export import bank is something that we've seen a lot in washington where there is a concentration of benefits but a dispersal of costs. it's similar to the sugar program where few people understand how it works. they get the benefits. americans don't see the costs. but it's there. it exists. when you push on something there is an option reaction at the same time. >> george munoz, if this is inseed a subsidy, that's a compelling argument. >> well, the problem is jason is talking about theory and not practice. the fact is when he's saying that it's costing the taxpayer, it's not costing the taxpayer. when you sell something people will buy on credit. when the buyer is a worthy buy buyer, because the bank has not lost money on it. it has contributed to the u.s. treasury profits from financing these transactions. in fact, our manufacturing operations have gone down in this country because of certain kinds of policies that the u.s. has such as our tax code and this is one of those areas that is helping u.s. be more competitive globally to take this away is really foolhardy because it really is not a subsidy. it's not giving anybody any money. it's going to make sure that the buyer has financing available to buy american products. >> jason johnson, in north carolina, where the speaker of the house, mr. till his tillis, is running. there are two different sides of this question in louisiana. the very, very risky seed of mary landrou, she wants to hold onto it. she's for reauthorization. one of her republican opponents is against it. is the public in these states and others like it going to pay attention to the argument over the ex bank? xm banks? >> nobody really cares. first off, you got to remember this is an agency that most voters haven't even heard of until the applications turned it into an issue. they've been priming people to pay attention to this so the democrats can work defense their bad brand and say hey, i'm pro business and the republicans with that tea party populist core can say look, no more bailouts, no more paying money to big business. whether or not it will move the needle in an election where nobody is really driven by anything that's not clear yet. but i don't think this is something that most voters are waking up in the morning, going on yahoo and saying my gosh, i hope this is reauthorized because it's not moving people. >> who would do the work currently being done by the import expert bank if it went away? would private industry want to take on this specialty portfolio in international lending? stay with us. >> welcome back to inside story on al jazeera america. i'm ray suarez. in just a few weeks the federal charter that authorizes the work of the export import bank of the united states will expire. as with any policy topic in washington there are people who would love to see it disappear, and those who want it renewed for that country's credit agency to continue its work. if it is not renewed will the big international banks of the world step in and do that kind of work and do it at the same level that is booking done well? >> well, according to george they will. the reason for that is that the bank makes money. every year. it has never had losses. it can never have losses. that's george's argument of the bank. if it's makes money every year, if it's profitable every year, why can't the private sector take care of it every year. but what goes up must come down and the taxpayers will be an on the hook for this. either the bank is going to be profitable in perpetuity and should be privatized or the bank will have losses at some point in the future and therefore you know, it's really kind of silly to say that it's going on in i am per to youty. >> i think he's talking about theory. the taxpayer has not picked up any bill of the bank and it's for 95% of the transactions that the bank does is medium business. >> let me clarify if you're talking about transactions it's heavily skewed to small business. >> like giving everyone a penny. >> but in volume it's big business. >> number one, is it good for america to create jobs and manufacturing in industries that we need so they can sale overseas. the answer has to be yes. number two, has it cost the taxpayer anything? no, it hasn't. if the xm bank go away? will the private sector step in? it will only step in for a small fraction of the purchases, that's why the government got involved in the first place. the reason why the government can make money where a commercial bank can't because the government has built in systems and structures to know what the political risks are, do-to-deal with currency fluctuations that the private sector has to charge a large amount of money but not everyone wants to be in that arena. >> there are some things that the government does only because the private sector doesn't choose to do it. the governments of the mid 20th century were not rubbing their hands together excitedly saying let's build housing units in big american cities. the market police similarly was not supplying housing for working class people who were a big chunk of the population, so the government did it. it has problems with its legacy, but it did it because the private sector which now says yes we can do this wasn't doing it. >> they were doing it because people were asking for it. i kee hate to keep comparing it to fannie and freddie, but the best way to do that is not to subsidize, but to lower tax rates with loopholes and reductions. i go back to the businesses that are hurt by the unseen costs of the foreign competitor. if other countries want to subsidize their experts, that's their business but we should not be doing the same thing. you can't have it both ways. if the bank is privatible in imperpetuity. private sides it. ize it. earn was talking about the theory that it could at some point have it could have just like fannie and freddie and the housing bubble j he keeps talking about subsidizing. nobody is subsidizing. every transaction occurs there it interests charged for it. that's where the profit comes back into the u.s. treasury. it has been reducing the deficit of this country through the gains of financing these transactions. had it not done it, those sales would not have occurred. >> it is a subsidy. you can't say that well these things wouldn't occur unless the government got involved. it is a subsidy. if isn' something doesn't occur then the government does it and then it's a subsidy. >> let me bring jason johnson in here. you said the public is not aware. doesn't care, not paying attention to this issue unless politics bring it up. isn't there enough at take to create a teachable moment? should hagin and tillis be talking about the import and expert gam bank and on and on. there are enough republican primaries to decide who the number kne nominees are going to be. but maybe they're not being told about this. >> there are two things to turn the public off, foreign policy issues and economics. i think politicians are careful. an argument could be made for both sides. if you're against the bank you simply say we don't want any more bailouts. if you're a democrat and in favor we say if we leave this to the private sector we never would have gotten roads or the national highway system and the internet either. i will say this in the context of finding out just this week that burger king is about to ditch this country and go up to canada to pay lower corporate taxes i think this is something that a republican could make serious head way with when we find out the king of burgers doesn't want to be in the united states any more. if you can link that about foreign companies coming in and taking advantage of business, you could make this a teachable moment. i don't think you're going to make that much head way with people who have an ideological belief. >> are there an any ancillaries? feedback loops? if a job goes to central illinois instead of norway isn't there a benefit to the american taxpayer that is hard to show up on the sheet of the import expert bank? >> the problem with all of this stuff is that it's flawed trade policy. look at the sugar quota. the sugar quota arguebly keeps and benefits sugar producers and keep sugar jobs in the united states. really what you're doing is paying an extra cents per cupcake as a cost of keeping the american jobs here. but over the years that adds up to big tax on american consumers. why shouldn't american consumers get the benefit of cheaper sugar from a foreign country. we should look at what the consumer wants. when you subsidize experts whether it's been boeing planes that competes with delta or caterpillar equipment which helps them to compete, that's where you see winners and losers and that's why it should be eliminated. >> when we return we'll look at the interests at stake and whether the combatants want to take this particular d.c. debate public. this is inside story. stay with us. >> you're watching inside story on al jazeera america. i'm ray suarez. the export import bank of the united states this time on the program. not necessarily a topic that has you gathering the rest of the family around the television but one we choose in part because it tells the bigger story about the way government, politics and economics work in washington. still with us, barney keller, director of the club for growth. in atlanta, jason johnson, politics analyst, and george munoz, former assistant secretary of the clinton corporation. jason johnson, you talked about democrats being able to work against their brand problems with this as an issue. why aren't they all talking about this, then, if they're for the reauthorization of the bank. nothing goes inside campaign commercials better than smiling guys in hard hats, people at the factory gate opening and closing time, and it seems like a natural. >> it should be, but you got to remember these democrats they're avoiding tomatoes being tossed in 20 different directions. they're atoday muched to a president who is extremely unpopular. you still have discussions about the obamacare and isis. and any discussion about jobs you have to be able to demonstrate something on the ground for it to be of value. so i think a lot of democrats are really scrambling around. they're not making the kind of use of this issue that they should which is very typical of democrats because they tend to have a lot of trouble branding. >> during the 2008 national community there was one candidate in particular in renewing the charter from the expert and import bank. senator barack obama of illinois, changed his mind and renewed it. are there those who respect so sure? >> it's an important lesson to think about. president obama today as a president said we have to have this. you know why? he has to speak about what is in everyone's best interest. whether it's ronald reagan or both president bushes supported this, and democrats have done that. we have to ask this question, ex-im bank this is a job creator, not a job loser. if we go in theory and say let's have a libertarian point of view and let there be no role for the government, we're going to be in a very problematic situation. that's why today the democrats are supporting the ex-im bank because they are in charge of the senate and they will vote for this. i do believe we will have import export game, that's what it will take to stay competitive and we have always come back to the reality of the situation which is let's do what is good for the taxpayer. there has not been any losses as in theory predicted. what has been working we should hereof and let continue to work. >> the chamber of commerce is very much in favor of reauthorization and maintained their support for republican candidate who don't want to reauthorize the bangs. there has not been a cost when it comes to that endorsement. what about club for growth, will you make things uncomfortable, would you say yes, they're doing a good job for the bank? >> we just called off strikes. we look at issues as they come and say this is good. this is bad. we think w you should vote this way or that way and we provide results on a score card for our members. the reason why this has been authorized every year is because the people who benefit from the bank can afford lobbyists, bogey boeing has spent the most money on lobbying. the head of boeing sits on president obama's export council. it would be an interesting political dichotomy if the president was saying we must shut down. >> i predict that the head of brazil and the multi national consortium that runs airbus would love nothing more than to have boeing not have the financial benefit. >> that's the beauty of cap tammismcapital capitalism. instead of subsidizing our exports for a few politically connected industries. >> gentlemen, thank you all. good to see you. that brings us to the end of this edition of inside story. thanks for being with us. from washington, i'm ray suarez. >> hello and welcome i'm phil torres here to talk about invocations that can change lives. the intersection of hardware and humanity and we're doing it in a unique way. marita davidson is a biologist specializing inning innings innd evolution. kosta grammatis is an engineer
>> hello, i'm ray suarez. fights in washington often involve big binary questions about the future. axis, war and peace, healthcare. some washington fights go on below the public radar but carry with them the ability to explain a lot about how the u.s. government works and how the tug-of-war between the political schools of thought go on. we'll look at the debate over the export credit agency, the export-import bank of the united states. what it's for, how it works, and whether it should continue to exist at all. >> more small businesses are selling their goods abroad more than ever before. nearly 300,000 last year alone. we should be doing everything we can to excel rate this process, not stall it. >> a little known washington agency topped president obama's weekly address saturday. the bank provides loans and insurance to foreign purchasers of u.s. products. it gets companies like boeing to get more foreign companies to buy their planes. and it helped solidify a deal between caterpillar and australian mine company. but critics say the bank is a form of crony capitalism that picks winners and losers. delta airlines can't get the bank's help to buy boeing planes because it's a u.s. company, but it's competitor british airways can. it supported $37 billion in transactions, which helped create 200,000 jobs. at 80 years old the bank traditionally won support from both sides of the aisle in congress until now. >> the charter of the export-import bank expires in a few weeks. and the debates swirling around it's future has created unusual allies and unusual enemies. republicans who insist they're the fast friends of business don't support the bank. while democrats often described as hostile to free enterprise want to renew the charter. politics, economics, and ideology are crashing at the bank's front door. here with us to discuss the banks future. our guests. >> george munoz, i'm asking to ask you to pretend you're in a tenth grade civics class. how does it work? >> it works where a manufacturer wants to sell it's goods to markets overseas, and the local bank says i don't want to take that risk, i don't know that company overseas so they'll finance the purchaser of those goods so the u.s. seller can sell their products overseas. >> the bank originates the loans. gives the funds to the overseas purchaser which uses that loan money to buy goods from the u.s. corporation. >> it is conditioned on them buying u.s. goods. >> do they underwrite, guarantee or back up the loan? who holds the bag if something goes wrong? >> they can give a direct loan to the buyer of the u.s. products or guarantee a bank in the local country that lends the money to the buyer and the u.s. import-export bank can guarantee that loan. but it is the u.s. import-export bank that takes the risk. it's a calculated risk. in its total loss it has had more gains than losses and losses are less than 1% in terms of default. >> if people barrow usin using using this mechanism, they're likely to pay back. what is the problem? >> saying that it's taking the risks, it's the u.s. taxpayers are taking the risk. >> well, it doesn't sound like a risk. >> well, if fannie and freddie were profitable until it isn't. if you look closely to what he says. these are loans in places where private capital would not ordinarily provide loans. what he's say something these places are so risky that the market won't provide the capital. so therefore the tax payers should. now if you're sitting at home wondering does that make sense, the answer is no, it doesn't make sense. what the bank is really just a politically connected slush fund for crony capitalism that benefits just a few companies that can hire the best lobbyists, in the last six years one-third of its loan guarantees went to one company, boeing, which is why the bank in washington is referred to as the bank of boeing. how come there is one company getting a special benefit from the federal government and really the tax payers. we're wondering the same thing. that's why we r oppose it's authorization. >> there has been a vestigia l banking system, an infant banking system still trying to find its feet. if you want to buy chemicals for power plant or feed stock to start your own processed goods onshore. would those buyers in africa, asia, parts of latin america find it easier to turn to germany or swedish manufacturers instead of americans if they can't get these guarantees. >> of course they probably would. just because other countries are subsidizing their experts doesn't mea exports doesn't mean that we should, too. we should take the benefits of cheap exports. if other countries want to shoot themselves in the foot, they should do that. if you look at these foreign lending agencies when they say we're going to say in , they decided to reinvest in africa. some of these country may not be ready to electrical infrastructure and it's massive corporations that are making profits off of this. we think that the market should decide if a country in africa is ready to build an electric grid, they're going to find the capitol, they'll take the loans and take the risk and that's how it works. >> if your' making a turbines at a plant in g.e. in the united states, and that country in africa goes to a swedish manufacturer instead because the supportive government would not loan them money, that's a good deal for you, why? >> there are seen and unseen costs. with the roy hill mine you have caterpillar. they're getting a loan guaranteed to export their mining equipment to australia. now he'll get those savings from the tax payers she is now able to better compete with american miners here in minnesota and michigan. there are seen and unseen costs. but really what we have here in the export import bank is something that we've seen a lot in washington where there is a concentration of benefits but a dispersal of costs. it's similar to the sugar program where few people understand how it works. they get the benefits. americans don't see the costs. but it's there. it exists. when you push on something there is an option reaction at the same time. >> george munoz, if this is inseed a subsidy, that's a compelling argument. >> well, the problem is jason is talking about theory and not practice. the fact is when he's saying that it's costing the taxpayer, it's not costing the taxpayer. when you sell something people will buy on credit. when the buyer is a worthy buy buyer, because the bank has not lost money on it. it has contributed to the u.s. treasury profits from financing these transactions. in fact, our manufacturing operations have gone down in this country because of certain kinds of policies that the u.s. has such as our tax code and this is one of those areas that is helping u.s. be more competitive globally to take this away is really foolhardy because it really is not a subsidy. it's not giving anybody any money. it's going to make sure that the buyer has financing available to buy american products. >> jason johnson, in north carolina, where the speaker of the house, mr. till his tillis, is running. there are two different sides of this question in louisiana. the very, very risky seed of mary landrou, she wants to hold onto it. she's for reauthorization. one of her republican opponents is against it. is the public in these states and others like it going to pay attention to the argument over the ex bank? m banks? >> nobody really cares. first off, you got to remember this is an agency that most voters haven't even heard of until the applications turned it into an issue. they've been priming people to pay attention to this so the democrats can work defense their bad brand and say hey, i'm pro business and the republicans with that tea party populist core can say look, no more bailouts, no more paying money to big business. whether or not it will move the needle in an election where nobody is really driven by anything that's not clear yet. but i don't think this is something that most voters are waking up in the morning, going on yahoo and saying my gosh, i hope this is reauthorized because it's not moving people. >> who would do the work currently being done by the import expert bank if it went away? would private industry want to take on this specialty portfolio in international lending? stay with us. >> al jazeera america presents... labor day marathons >> our government is allowing an invasion >> our most acclaimed series.... back to back to back... toughest place... >> i call that a lot of hard work for next to nothing >> the system... >> a justice system run by human beings can run off the rails >> and borderland... >> a lot aof people haven't got a clue what goes on near the border >> al jazeera america presents labor day marathons >> this is not over... >> fault lines labor day marathon the true cost of cheap labor >> nothing can be worse than this people burnt to ash... >> horrendous conditions... traffic labor on us bases... management stealing wages... exploited children put to work... >> how many of you get up at 4 or 5 o'clock in the morning to go out to the fields? don't miss our award winning series fault lines labor day marathon only on al jazeera america >> welcome back to inside story on al jazeera america. i'm ray suarez. in just a few weeks the federal charter that authorizes the work of the export import bank of the united states will expire. as with any policy topic in washington there are people who would love to see it disappear, and those who want it renewed for that country's credit agency to continue its work. if it is not renewed will the big international banks of the world step in and do that kind of work and do it at the same level that is booking done well? >> well, according to george they will. the reason for that is that the bank makes money. every year. it has never had losses. it can never have losses. that's george's argument of the bank. if it's makes money every year, if it's profitable every year, why can't the private sector take care of it every year. but what goes up must come down and the taxpayers will be an on the hook for this. either the bank is going to be profitable in perpetuity and should be privatized or the bank will have losses at some point in the future and therefore you know, it's really kind of silly to say that it's going on in i am per to youty. >> i think he's talking about theory. the taxpayer has not picked up any bill of the bank and it's for 95% of the transactions that the bank does is medium business. >> let me clarify if you're talking about transactions it's heavily skewed to small business. >> like giving everyone a penny. >> but in volume it's big business. >> number one, is it good for america to create jobs and manufacturing in industries that we need so they can sale overseas. the answer has to be yes. number two, has it cost the taxpayer anything? no, it hasn't. if the xm bank go away? will the private sector step in? it will only step in for a small fraction of the purchases, that's why the government got involved in the first place. the reason why the government can make money where a commercial bank can't because the government has built in systems and structures to know what the political risks are, do-to-deal with currency fluctuations that the private sector has to charge a large amount of money but not everyone wants to be in that arena. >> there are some things that the government does only because the private sector doesn't choose to do it. the governments of the mid 20th century were not rubbing their hands together excitedly saying let's build housing units in big american cities. the market police similarly was not supplying housing for working class people who were a big chunk of the population, so the government did it. it has problems with its legacy, but it did it because the private sector which now says yes we can do this wasn't doing it. >> they were doing it because people were asking for it. i kee hate to keep comparing it to fannie and freddie, but the best way to do that is not to subsidize, but to lower tax rates with loopholes and reductions. i go back to the businesses that are hurt by the unseen costs of the foreign competitor. if other countries want to subsidize their experts, that's their business but we should not be doing the same thing. you can't have it both ways. if the bank is privatible in imperpetuity. private sides it. ize it. earn was talking about the theory that it could at some point have it could have just like fannie and freddie and the housing bubble j he keeps talking about subsidizing. nobody is subsidizing. every transaction occurs there it interests charged for it. that's where the profit comes back into the u.s. treasury. it has been reducing the deficit of this country through the gains of financing these transactions. had it not done it, those sales would not have occurred. >> it is a subsidy. you can't say that well these things wouldn't occur unless the government got involved. it is a subsidy. if isn' something doesn't occur then the government does it and then it's a subsidy. >> let me bring jason johnson in here. you said the public is not aware. doesn't care, not paying attention to this issue unless politics bring it up. isn't there enough at take to create a teachable moment? should hagin and tillis be talking about the import and expert gam bank and on and on. there are enough republican primaries to decide who the number kne nominees are going to be. but maybe they're not being told about this. >> there are two things to turn the public off, foreign policy issues and economics. i think politicians are careful. an argument could be made for both sides. if you're against the bank you simply say we don't want any more bailouts. if you're a democrat and in favor we say if we leave this to the private sector we never would have gotten roads or the national highway system and the internet either. i will say this in the context of finding out just this week that burger king is about to ditch this country and go up to canada to pay lower corporate taxes i think this is something that a republican could make serious head way with when we find out the king of burgers doesn't want to be in the united states any more. if you can link that about foreign companies coming in and taking advantage of business, you could make this a teachable moment. i don't think you're going to make that much head way with people who have an ideological belief. >> are there an any ancillaries? feedback loops? if a job goes to central illinois instead of norway isn't there a benefit to the american taxpayer that is hard to show up on the sheet of the import expert bank? >> the problem with all of this stuff is that it's flawed trade policy. look at the sugar quota. the sugar quota arguebly keeps and benefits sugar producers and keep sugar jobs in the united states. really what you're doing is paying an extra cents per cupcake as a cost of keeping the american jobs here. but over the years that adds up to big tax on american consumers. why shouldn't american consumers get the benefit of cheaper sugar from a foreign country. we should look at what the consumer wants. when you subsidize experts whether it's been boeing planes that competes with delta or caterpillar equipment which helps them to compete, that's where you see winners and losers and that's why it should be eliminated. >> when we return we'll look at the interests at stake and whether the combatants want to take this particular d.c. debate public. this is inside story. stay with us. >> al jazeera america presents >> i want to prove them wrong. i want to make 'em regret rejecting me. >> 15 stories one incredible journey edge of eighteen premiers september 7th only on al jazeera america >> you're watching inside story on al jazeera america. i'm ray suarez. the export import bank of the united states this time on the program. not necessarily a topic that has you gathering the rest of the family around the television but one we choose in part because it tells the bigger story about the way government, politics and economics work in washington. still with us, barney keller, director of the club for growth. in atlanta, jason johnson, politics analyst, and george munoz, former assistant secretary of the clinton corporation. jason johnson, you talked about democrats being able to work against their brand problems with this as an issue. why aren't they all talking about this, then, if they're for the reauthorization of the bank. nothing goes inside campaign commercials better than smiling guys in hard hats, people at the factory gate opening and closing time, and it seems like a natural. >> it should be, but you got to remember these democrats they're avoiding tomatoes being tossed in 20 different directions. they're atoday muched to a president who is extremely unpopular. you still have discussions about the obamacare and isis. and any discussion about jobs you have to be able to demonstrate something on the ground for it to be of value. so i think a lot of democrats are really scrambling around. they're not making the kind of use of this issue that they should which is very typical of democrats because they tend to have a lot of trouble branding. >> during the 2008 national community there was one candidate in particular in renewing the charter from the expert and import bank. senator barack obama of illinois, changed his mind and renewed it. are there those who respect so sure? >> it's an important lesson to think about. president obama today as a president said we have to have this. you know why? he has to speak about what is in everyone's best interest. whether it's ronald reagan or both president bushes supported this, and democrats have done that. we have to ask this question, ex-im bank this is a job creator, not a job loser. if we go in theory and say let's have a libertarian point of view and let there be no role for the government, we're going to be in a very problematic situation. that's why today the democrats are supporting the ex-im bank because they are in charge of the senate and they will vote for this. i do believe we will have import export game, that's what it will take to stay competitive and we have always come back to the reality of the situation which is let's do what is good for the taxpayer. there has not been any losses as in theory predicted. what has been working we should hereof and let continue to work. >> the chamber of commerce is very much in favor of reauthorization and maintained their support for republican candidate who don't want to reauthorize the bangs. there has not been a cost when it comes to that endorsement. what about club for growth, will you make things uncomfortable, would you say yes, they're doing a good job for the bank? >> we just called off strikes. we look at issues as they come and say this is good. this is bad. we think w you should vote this way or that way and we provide results on a score card for our members. the reason why this has been authorized every year is because the people who benefit from the bank can afford lobbyists, bogey boeing has spent the most money on lobbying. the head of boeing sits on president obama's export council. it would be an interesting political dichotomy if the president was saying we must shut down. >> i predict that the head of brazil and the multi national consortium that runs airbus would love nothing more than to have boeing not have the financial benefit. >> that's the beauty of cap tammism capita capitalism. instead of subsidizing our exports for a few politically connected industries. >> gentlemen, thank you all. good to see you. that brings us to the end of this edition of inside story. thanks for being with us. from washington, i'm ray suarez. >> on "america tonight": heavy artillery in the hands of police. who's okaying the funding for hundreds of millions of tax dollars spent on military equipment? tonight we examine the militarization of america's police forces. also tonight. a mother's worst nightmare. her children abducted taken to a foreign country by their own father. >> they walked into the room very shocked. they did recognize their mom
we have lee marshal from screen international. popular? >> well, screen writers need conflict to make good dramas, and where better to go than a war zone to find them. it's a continuing trend that i don't thing will stop soon. >> let's talk about the jury, it's a big mix. what things would excite that. >> difficult to second-guess, because as you say, it is a mixed bag this year. we have an indian writer, french music composer, it could go any way this year. >> i know critics don't like to be tied down. give us a hint. who do you think may take the golden lion. >> a documentary won. there's another in competition. a look of silence, a follow up to a documentary, the act of killing. in the mid'60s. i put my money on that. that's what they'll take home, the golden lion. the clock is ticking, the film world watching. it will be a busy, exciting 10 days here. phil lavelle, al jazeera at the venice film vest fall. >> find out more about the day's news on the al jazeera website. aljazeera.com. you can find out more about what is going on in venice, where 19 films are premiering. >> on techknow... >> so, this is the smart home... >> saving the environment >> the start point for energy efficiency, is to work with the sun... >> saving you money >> we harvest a lot of free energy >> and so we're completely off grid here >> how many of the appliances were almost a little too smart for us? >> techknow every saturday, go where science, meets humanity. >> this is some of the best driving i've ever done, even though i can't see. >>techknow >> we're here in the vortex... only on al jazeera america >> an eye opening america tonight special report. >> have you ever seen anybody get shot? >> one year later, correspondent christof putzel returns to the streets of chicago. >> i don't like walk out no more... >> why is that? >> a lot of shooting and stuff... >> a community still struggling against violence. >> i did something positive... >> have people lost hope? >> this is a grown man that shot a little kid. >> or have citizens made a difference? >> glad that somebody that's at least standing up and caring about us man... >> america tonight only on aljazeera america >> welcome back to inside story on al jazeera america. i'm ray suarez. in just a few weeks the federal charter that authorizes the work of the export import bank of the united states will expire. as with any policy topic in washington there are people who would love to see it disappear, and those who want it renewed for that country's credit agency to continue its work. if it is not renewed will the big international banks of the world step in and do that kind of work and do it at the same level that is booking done well? >> well, according to george they will. the reason for that is that the bank makes money. every year. it has never had losses. it can never have losses. that's george's argument of the bank. if it's makes money every year, if it's profitable every year, why can't the private sector take care of it every year. but what goes up must come down and the taxpayers will be an on the hook for this. either the bank is going to be profitable in perpetuity and should be privatized or the bank will have losses at some point in the future and therefore you know, it's really kind of silly to say that it's going on in i am per to youty. >> i think he's talking about theory. the taxpayer has not picked up any bill of the bank and it's for 95% of the transactions that the bank does is medium business. >> let me clarify if you're talking about transactions it's heavily skewed to small business. >> like giving everyone a penny. >> but in volume it's big business. >> number one, is it good for america to create jobs and manufacturing in industries that we need so they can sale overseas. the answer has to be yes. number two, has it cost the taxpayer anything? no, it hasn't. if the xm bank go away? will the private sector step in? it will only step in for a small fraction of the purchases, that's why the government got involved in the first place. the reason why the government can make money where a commercial bank can't because the government has built in systems and structures to know what the political risks are, do-to-deal with currency fluctuations that the private sector has to charge a large amount of money but not everyone wants to be in that arena. >> there are some things that the government does only because the private sector doesn't choose to do it. the governments of the mid 20th century were not rubbing their hands together excitedly saying let's build housing units in big american cities. the market police similarly was not supplying housing for working class people who were a big chunk of the population, so the government did it. it has problems with its legacy, but it did it because the private sector which now says yes we can do this wasn't doing it. >> they were doing it because people were asking for it. i kee hate to keep comparing it to fannie and freddie, but the best way to do that is not to subsidize, but to lower tax rates with loopholes and reductions. i go back to the businesses that are hurt by the unseen costs of the foreign competitor. if other countries want to subsidize their experts, that's their business but we should not be doing the same thing. you can't have it both ways. if the bank is privatible in imperpetuity. private sides it. ize it. earn was talking about the theory that it could at some point have it could have just like fannie and freddie and the housing bubble j he keeps talking about subsidizing. nobody is subsidizing. every transaction occurs there it interests charged for it. that's where the profit comes back into the u.s. treasury. it has been reducing the deficit of this country through the gains of financing these transactions. had it not done it, those sales would not have occurred. >> it is a subsidy. you can't say that well these things wouldn't occur unless the government got involved. it is a subsidy. if isn' something doesn't occur then the government does it and then it's a subsidy. >> let me bring jason johnson in here. you said the public is not aware. doesn't care, not paying attention to this issue unless politics bring it up. isn't there enough at take to create a teachable moment? should hagin and tillis be talking about the import and expert gam bank and on and on. there are enough republican primaries to decide who the number kne nominees are going to be. but maybe they're not being told about this. >> there are two things to turn the public off, foreign policy issues and economics. i think politicians are careful. an argument could be made for both sides. if you're against the bank you simply say we don't want any more bailouts. if you're a democrat and in favor we say if we leave this to the private sector we never would have gotten roads or the national highway system and the internet either. i will say this in the context of finding out just this week that burger king is about to ditch this country and go up to canada to pay lower corporate taxes i think this is something that a republican could make serious head way with when we find out the king of burgers doesn't want to be in the united states any more. if you can link that about foreign companies coming in and taking advantage of business, you could make this a teachable moment. i don't think you're going to make that much head way with people who have an ideological belief. >> are there an any ancillaries? feedback loops? if a job goes to central illinois instead of norway isn't there a benefit to the american taxpayer that is hard to show up on the sheet of the import expert bank? >> the problem with all of this stuff is that it's flawed trade policy. look at the sugar quota. the sugar quota arguebly keeps and benefits sugar producers and keep sugar jobs in the united states. really what you're doing is paying an extra cents per cupcake as a cost of keeping the american jobs here. but over the years that adds up to big tax on american consumers. why shouldn't american consumers get the benefit of cheaper sugar from a foreign country. we should look at what the consumer wants. when you subsidize experts whether it's been boeing planes that competes with delta or caterpillar equipment which helps them to compete, that's where you see winners and losers and that's why it should be eliminated. >> when we return we'll look at the interests at stake and whether the combatants want to take this particular d.c. debate public. this is inside story. stay with us. >> al jazeera america presents >> it's a beginning of a new life for me. i can't keep running from everything. >> 15 stories one incredible journey edge of eighteen premiers september 7th only on al jazeera america >> you're watching inside story on al jazeera america. i'm ray suarez. the export import bank of the united states this time on the program. not necessarily a topic that has you gathering the rest of the family around the television but one we choose in part because it tells the bigger story about the way government, politics and economics work in washington. still with us, barney keller, director of the club for growth. in atlanta, jason johnson, politics analyst, and george munoz, former assistant secretary of the clinton corporation. jason johnson, you talked about democrats being able to work against their brand problems with this as an issue. why aren't they all talking about this, then, if they're for the reauthorization of the bank. nothing goes inside campaign commercials better than smiling guys in hard hats, people at the factory gate opening and closing time, and it seems like a natural. >> it should be, but you got to remember these democrats they're avoiding tomatoes being tossed in 20 different directions. they're atoday muched to a president who is extremely unpopular. you still have discussions about the obamacare and isis. and any discussion about jobs you have to be able to demonstrate something on the ground for it to be of value. so i think a lot of democrats are really scrambling around. they're not making the kind of use of this issue that they should which is very typical of democrats because they tend to have a lot of trouble branding. >> during the 2008 national community there was one candidate in particular in renewing the charter from the expert and import bank. senator barack obama of illinois, changed his mind and renewed it. are there those who respect so sure? >> it's an important lesson to think about. president obama today as a president said we have to have this. you know why? he has to speak about what is in everyone's best interest. whether it's ronald reagan or both president bushes supported this, and democrats have done that. we have to ask this question, ex-im bank this is a job creator, not a job loser. if we go in theory and say let's have a libertarian point of view and let there be no role for the government, we're going to be in a very problematic situation. that's why today the democrats are supporting the ex-im bank because they are in charge of the senate and they will vote for this. i do believe we will have import export game, that's what it will take to stay competitive and we have always come back to the reality of the situation which is let's do what is good for the taxpayer. there has not been any losses as in theory predicted. what has been working we should hereof and let continue to work. >> the chamber of commerce is very much in favor of reauthorization and maintained their support for republican candidate who don't want to reauthorize the bangs. there has not been a cost when it comes to that endorsement. what about club for growth, will you make things uncomfortable, would you say yes, they're doing a good job for the bank? >> we just called off strikes. we look at issues as they come and say this is good. this is bad. we think w you should vote this way or that way and we provide results on a score card for our members. the reason why this has been authorized every year is because the people who benefit from the bank can afford lobbyists, bogey boeing has spent the most money on lobbying. the head of boeing sits on president obama's export council. it would be an interesting political dichotomy if the president was saying we must shut down. >> i predict that the head of brazil and the multi national consortium that runs airbus would love nothing more than to have boeing not have the financial benefit. >> that's the beauty of cap tammism capita capitalism. instead of subsidizing our exports for a few politically connected industries. >> gentlemen, thank you all. good to see you. that brings us to the end of this edition of inside story. thanks for being with us. from washington, i'm ray suarez. >> translator: russian forces have entered ukraine. >> ukraine's president says russian soldiers are helping separatists. moscow denied it. and an russian convoy is spotted on the border. nato believes that a thousand russian troops are already fighting inside ukraine. ♪ you are watching al jazeera live from our headquarters in doha. i'm dorli rainey. also coming up. syrian forces take on armed
nevertheless, there are things that come up again and again. war is one of them. we have lee marshal from screen international. popular? >> well, screen writers need conflict to make good dramas, and where better to go than a war zone to find them. it's a continuing trend that i don't thing will stop soon. >> let's talk about the jury, it's a big mix. what things would excite that. >> difficult to second-guess, because as you say, it is a mixed bag this year. we have an indian writer, french music composer, it could go any way this year. >> i know critics don't like to be tied down. give us a hint. who do you think may take the golden lion. >> a documentary won. there's another in competition. a look of silence, a follow up to a documentary, the act of killing. in the mid'60s. i put my money on that. that's what they'll take home, the golden lion. the clock is ticking, the film world watching. it will be a busy, exciting 10 days here. phil lavelle, al jazeera at the venice film vest fall. >> find out more about the day's news on the al jazeera website. aljazeera.com. you can find out more about what is going on in venice, where 19 films are premiering. ..and the republicans working towards the libertarian populist core that is certain in a midturn election can say look, no more bailouts. as to whether it will move the needle in an election, that is not clear. i don't think this is something that most voters are waking up in the morning, going on yahoo! and saying i hope this doesn't getreauthorized and it does. we'll take a break and when we come back, we talk about who will do the work done by the export-import bank if it went away. will private business take on this follow in international lending. stay with us. >> nothing can be worse than this people burnt to ash... >> horrendous conditions... traffic labor on us bases... management stealing wages... exploited children put to work... >> how many of you get up at 4 or 5 o'clock in the morning to go out to the fields? don't miss our award winning series fault lines labor day marathon only on al jazeera america >> al jazeera america presents a self portrait of generation now... >> so many of my friends is pregnant... >> i feel so utterly alone... >> you need to get your life together >> i'm gonna do whatever needs to be done... >> ya boy is working on becoming a millionaire... >> an intimate look at what our kids are facing in school and beyond 15 stories, 1 incredible journey >> in this envelope is my life right now... >> edge of eighteen only on al jazeera america >> welcome back to inside story on al jazeera america. welcome back to "inside story" on al jazeera america. i'm ray suarez. in a few weeks, a federal charter authorising the export, im port work of the united states will expire. some would love it to disappear, and some want the charter to be renewed for the agency to continue its work. if it is not renewed, will the big international banks of the world step in and do that kind of work and do it at the same level that it's done now? pash - level that is booking done well? >> well, according to george they will. the reason for that is that the bank makes money. every year. it has never had losses. it can never have losses. that's george's argument of the bank. if it's makes money every year, if it's profitable every year, why can't the private sector take care of it every year. but what goes up must come down and the taxpayers will be an on the hook for this. either the bank is going to be profitable in perpetuity and should be privatized or the bank will have losses at some point in the future and therefore you know, it's really kind of silly to say that it's going on in i am per to youty. >> i think he's talking about theory. the taxpayer has not picked up any bill of the bank and it's for 95% of the transactions that the bank does is medium business. >> let me clarify if you're talking about transactions it's heavily skewed to small business. >> like giving everyone a penny. >> but in volume it's big business. >> number one, is it good for america to create jobs and manufacturing in industries that we need so they can sale overseas. the answer has to be yes. number two, has it cost the taxpayer anything? no, it hasn't. if the xm bank go away? will the private sector step in? it will only step in for a small fraction of the purchases, that's why the government got involved in the first place. the reason why the government can make money where a commercial bank can't because the government has built in systems and structures to know what the political risks are, do-to-deal with currency fluctuations that the private sector has to charge a large amount of money but not everyone wants to be in that arena. >> there are some things that the government does only because the private sector doesn't choose to do it. the governments of the mid 20th century were not rubbing their hands together excitedly saying let's build housing units in big american cities. the market police similarly was not supplying housing for working class people who were a big chunk of the population, so the government did it. it has problems with its legacy, but it did it because the private sector which now says yes we can do this wasn't doing it. >> they were doing it because people were asking for it. i kee hate to keep comparing it to fannie and freddie, but the best way to do that is not to subsidize, but to lower tax rates with loopholes and reductions. i go back to the businesses that are hurt by the unseen costs of the foreign competitor. if other countries want to subsidize their experts, that's their business but we should not be doing the same thing. you can't have it both ways. if the bank is privatible in imperpetuity. private sides it. ize it. earn was talking about the theory that it could at some point have it could have just like fannie and freddie and the housing bubble j he keeps talking about subsidizing. nobody is subsidizing. every transaction occurs there it interests charged for it. that's where the profit comes back into the u.s. treasury. it has been reducing the deficit of this country through the gains of financing these transactions. had it not done it, those sales would not have occurred. >> it is a subsidy. you can't say that well these things wouldn't occur unless the government got involved. it is a subsidy. if isn' something doesn't occur then the government does it and then it's a subsidy. >> let me bring jason johnson in here. you said the public is not aware. doesn't care, not paying attention to this issue unless politics bring it up. isn't there enough at take to create a teachable moment? should hagin and tillis be talking about the import and expert gam bank and on and on. there are enough republican primaries to decide who the number kne nominees are going to be. but maybe they're not being told about this. >> there are two things to turn the public off, foreign policy issues and economics. i think politicians are careful. an argument could be made for both sides. if you're against the bank you simply say we don't want any more bailouts. if you're a democrat and in favor we say if we leave this to the private sector we never would have gotten roads or the national highway system and the internet either. i will say this in the context of finding out just this week that burger king is about to ditch this country and go up to canada to pay lower corporate taxes i think this is something that a republican could make serious head way with when we find out the king of burgers doesn't want to be in the united states any more. if you can link that about foreign companies coming in and taking advantage of business, you could make this a teachable moment. i don't think you're going to make that much head way with people who have an ideological belief. >> are there an any ancillaries? feedback loops? if a job goes to central illinois instead of norway isn't there a benefit to the american taxpayer that is hard to show up on the sheet of the import expert bank? >> the problem with all of this stuff is that it's flawed trade policy. look at the sugar quota. the sugar quota arguebly keeps and benefits sugar producers and keep sugar jobs in the united states. really what you're doing is paying an extra cents per cupcake as a cost of keeping the american jobs here. but over the years that adds up to big tax on american consumers. why shouldn't american consumers get the benefit of cheaper sugar from a foreign country. we should look at what the consumer wants. when you subsidize experts whether it's been boeing planes that competes with delta or caterpillar equipment which helps them to compete, that's where you see winners and losers and that's why it should be eliminated. >> when we return we'll look at the interests at stake and whether the combatants want to take this particular d.c. debate public. this is inside story. >> i'm joie chen, i'm the host of america tonight, we're revolutionary because we're going back to doing best of storytelling. we have an ouportunity to really reach out and really talk to voices that we haven't heard before... i think al jazeera america is a watershed moment for american journalism urnalists li. >> you're watching inside story. on al jazeera america. i'm ray suarez. the export import bank of the united states this time on the program. not necessarily a topic that has you gathering the rest of the family around the television but one we choose in part because it tells the bigger story about the way government, politics and economics work in washington. still with us, barney keller, director of the club for growth. in atlanta, jason johnson, politics analyst, and george munoz, former assistant secretary of the clinton corporation. jason johnson, you talked about democrats being able to work against their brand problems with this as an issue. why aren't they all talking about this, then, if they're for the reauthorization of the bank. nothing goes inside campaign commercials better than smiling guys in hard hats, people at the factory gate opening and closing time, and it seems like a natural. >> it should be, but you got to remember these democrats they're avoiding tomatoes being tossed in 20 different directions. they're atoday muched to a president who is extremely unpopular. you still have discussions about the obamacare and isis. and any discussion about jobs you have to be able to demonstrate something on the ground for it to be of value. so i think a lot of democrats are really scrambling around. they're not making the kind of use of this issue that they should which is very typical of democrats because they tend to have a lot of trouble branding. >> during the 2008 national community there was one candidate in particular in renewing the charter from the expert and import bank. senator barack obama of illinois, changed his mind and renewed it. are there those who respect so sure? >> it's an important lesson to think about. president obama today as a president said we have to have this. you know why? he has to speak about what is in everyone's best interest. whether it's ronald reagan or both president bushes supported this, and democrats have done that. we have to ask this question, ex-im bank this is a job creator, not a job loser. if we go in theory and say let's have a libertarian point of view and let there be no role for the government, we're going to be in a very problematic situation. that's why today the democrats are supporting the ex-im bank because they are in charge of the senate and they will vote for this. i do believe we will have import export game, that's what it will take to stay competitive and we have always come back to the reality of the situation which is let's do what is good for the taxpayer. there has not been any losses as in theory predicted. what has been working we should hereof and let continue to work. >> the chamber of commerce is very much in favor of reauthorization and maintained their support for republican candidate who don't want to reauthorize the bangs. there has not been a cost when it comes to that endorsement. what about club for growth, will you make things uncomfortable, would you say yes, they're doing a good job for the bank? >> we just called off strikes. we look at issues as they come and say this is good. this is bad. we think w you should vote this way or that way and we provide results on a score card for our members. the reason why this has been authorized every year is because the people who benefit from the bank can afford lobbyists, bogey boeing has spent the most money on lobbying. the head of boeing sits on president obama's export council. it would be an interesting political dichotomy if the president was saying we must shut down. >> i predict that the head of brazil and the multi national consortium that runs airbus would love nothing more than to have boeing not have the financial benefit. >> that's the beauty of cap tammism capita capitalism. instead of subsidizing our exports for a few politically connected industries. >> gentlemen, thank you all. good to see you. that brings us to the end of this edition of inside story. thanks for being with us. from washington, i'm ray suarez. >> announcer: this is al jazeera. hello welcome to the newshour in doha. we report from the front line in iraq - australia becoming the latest nation to join a growing coalition of fighters in iraq. protesters call on the prime minister in pakistan to resign. the latest from identify. china says elections can go
arrest him for murder. >> and why the fires ignited by this flashpoint spread to other cities from coast to coast, even to the gates of the white house. why so many americans are angry about the decision. >> black people everywhere - michael brown can happen in our city, and has, we just haven't heard about it. >> and why so many vow to fight on. good evening, thanks for joining us, i'm joie chen. we begin with the heat of the moment, and it is rising, even on this cold nights in ferguson, missouri, as the state of missouri hardens its line against protesters, seething over the decision not to indict darren wilson over the death of unarmed teenager michael brown. you are looking at pictures outside the police department where many gather, facing off against the state's national guard troops. the state tripled the number of national guard troops on the streets. protesters gathered in dozens of other cities across the country. the anger is growing. we learn more from the thousands of pages of evidence and testimony in the grand jury investigation. volumes that reveal contradictions and details about michael brown's vinyl moments. "america tonight" correspondent lori jane gliha, who was at the courthouse for the decision has been developing deep into what the grand jury considered. >> the 12 members of the grand jury started through hundreds of photographs like these. piecing together bits of evidence and a series of event leading to the deadly encounter between officer darren wilson, and 18-year-old michael brown. transcripts from his grand jury testimony claim darren wilson claims michael brown struck him in the head leaving these marks. he was scared a third bunch would kill him or knock him unconscious, and brown was poised far an attack, looking like a demon. after the attack brown turned away. but then turned back. he made like a: darren wilson told abc news what led up to the shooting. >> at that time i gave myself another mental trigger, can i shoot this guy. legally, can i. the question i answered myself was i have to. if i don't, he will kill me if he gets to me. from the first encounter to the fatal shot, the confrontation lasted less than two minutes. it took months for the story of those that witnessed what happened to unfold. michael brown's friend was with brown when he died and appeared on television the day of the shooting to explain what happened when officer wilson approached them. >> he pulled up on the side of us. he tried to brush the door open. we were so close it ricochetted off us and bounced to him. that got him a little upset. >> johnson testified in front of the grand jury,: that narrative that brown had his hands raised when he was shot dead produced the image and catch phrase of the movement that erupted in ferguson, and around the country. as we now know, it was one of the several conflicting testimonies to be considered by the grand jury, giving us insight into the last 10 seconds of michael brown's life. wilson's account that brown was coming at him differs from several others. one witness testified brown was not charging wilson, he was defense less, hands up:. some witnesses backed up wilson's version: in all, the jurors sorted through 70 hours of testimony from 60 witnesses and looked through hundreds of photos, with a tough task of separating fact from what they considered fiction. >> and during his press conference the prosecutor made sure to emphasise the importance of the scientific physical evidence. saying eyewitness accounts must be challenged and the physical evidence is essential for verifying what happened. >> this is the first time we heard from officer darren wilson, he's been invisible through all the weeks of the grand jury. but talk to us a little about what he said. what did we learn about him? >> we learnt a lot of new things. one thing that was interesting was his size. he is 6 feet, 4 inches tall. we have seen one photograph. he looks small, but he's a similar size in height to michael brown. one thing we learnt about in that interview is why he pursued michael brown, why after the scuffle did he continue to follow michael brown. >> he said it was his job, his duty to figure out where the guy was going. he said he has a clear conscience, because he knows what he did was right according to his job. >> i know you looked at many of the pages. this is a voluminous account, all the evidence. was anything set out to you personally? >> yes, hundreds of pages, thousands of pages. there's a lot of nuggets that we'll encounter. one of the most interesting things is the amount of weapons that he talked about, before he used his gun. he thought about using his mates. he thought about grabbing for mace, a long baton, he didn't think he could get it extend the. he thought about going to a flashlight as a weapon, but immediately moved to the gun, and talked about he doesn't carry a taser, there's a certain amount, he prefers not to carry one because it's cumbersome. i thought that was interesting. >> striking. "america tonight"s lori jane gliha. we want to bring in debbie hines, a trial attorney in the city of baltimore. you have been before grand juries, you can tell us the circumstances that we are talking about, an unusual case, an unusual decision by the prosecutor to present all of the evidence. and people suggest that this is pretty much like a trial behind closed doors. >> exactly. and the grand jury is always behind closed doors, but what doesn't normally happen in the grand jury. we are not taking in every witness and throwing in everything, including the kitchen sink for the grand jurors to decide. we take a selective amount of witnesses in that we feel can make the case, as well as evidence. >> it's not to determine guilt or innocence, but establish probable cause to go forward. >> absolutely. and probable cause is a low standard. >> what is the problem. the prosecutor, and lori jane gliha, you saw this much the prosecutor emphasised look, i have given all the evidence available to the grand jury, they had access to everything, and the prosecutor said he did not present any of this evidence himself, right. so what - what is the problem with that. in a sense a lot of people in the audience, not being legal experts will look and say wasn't that the right thing to do, give all the evidence. >> the problem is you confuse - you throw everything at them. you don't tell them the charges, you i make a decision. you decide. it's not how it's done. you don't spend months bringing in every person. the other thing that mentioned is when he said he brought in witnesses that he knew lied. some witnesses lied. you definitely wouldn't bring them in. >> you saw that two with the prosecutor explaining why he was doing it. >> one thing is we talk about how secret everything is. i wonder if we'll find out who the grand juries are. i wonder how secret was it. were they aware of what was going on. how much extra information does a grand jury have access to. >> the groory is not sequestered. but the process is for witnesses to come forward and there will not be fear of reprisals because everything they said will be out before the grand jury. one other thought i wanted to get in here is as this goes forward, it's not the end of questioning. there's a civil rights investigation under way. >> there is one. in all honesty, that's a higher mountain to climb. this should have been a little mole hole, something easy to get the indictment if it had been down the way most grand jury cases were conducted. the federal rights violations not holing out a lot of hope. >> we have our correspondent. a former prosecutor in baltimore. as we noted earlier, aiming to have a repeat. the state of missouri ramping up, dispatching 2200 guards men, tripling the number in ferguson. when the decision came down. they are hoping to avoid a repeat of the violence. they witnessed the chaos and the heart ache on the streets of ferguson. [ chanting ] >> reporter: it's been 108 days since michael brown's death. three months of secret grand jury hearings. word has leaked out that the decision is in. >> what happens if he's not indicted tonight. as night falls a crowd gathers outside the ferguson police department. officer darren wilson's home base to hear the verdict. >> i'm tired of the incidents in the black community with black relations and cops. >> bo dean is a young teacher, activist and hip-hop artist. he lived across the street from the place where michael brown died. >> darren wilson is guilty, i am sure he's going to get off, he'll be found innocent. we are tired of that. cops have been killing young innocent blacks. >> that's not justice. it's not going to be justice until you arrest for murder. the mood is tense, schools closed. the governor declared a state of emergency and brought in the national guard. a collection of groups called the don't shoot coalition asked the prosecutor for 24 hour notice before the verdict was made public to help keep the peace. that has not happened. >> bo dean says he's here to help keep the crowd calm. >> i want to cool here. i'm not going to attack cops. there's a lot of people out here. i'm going to try to calm people down. >> how do you do that. how do you calm people down when emotions are high? >> we talk to a man and let him know that rioting is not the answer. >> the crowd is dying down. trying to hear or learn something about the verdict. >> bo dean and his friends are updating the crowd with twitter feeds. >> an announcement is being made. >> something unexpected. >> michael brown's mother, lesley mcspadden. climbs up to join them on top of the car. >> it wrong. you know you are all wrong. you know you are all wrong. >> it ain't over. it ain't over. >> anybody i heard of think so, i don't give oo [ bleep ]. they are wrong. >> reporter: the family had been notified in the afternoon and lesley mcspadden was here to share the news. there would be no indictment. as michael brown's step father comforted his wife. emotions got the best of him. [ chanting ] >> the brown family would later repudiate his outburst. we watched michael brown's mother give an emotional reaction. >> the crowd getting tense. as you see. the police put up the riot gear, and everyone is starting to push towards the gate. >> you have to go. >> you got to go. >> this is people's [ bleep ]. these are real people's lives. [ chanting ] >> reporter: the police started to try to disperse the crowd. >> announcer: you need to stop throwing objects at the plus. you are unlawfully assembled. do it now. you need to get out of the street immediately or you will be subject to arrest. do it now. [ chants ] >> they tried to tip over a cop car. the police moved towards it, shooting tear gas, that is going on now. >> reporter: behind me there's about 12 men on their knees with their hands up on the ground trying to keep the police from coming closer. looks like the police are about ready to fire more tear gas. >> i was hit with one. >> a police car set on fire, and what sound like live ammunition seems to be exploding in flames. as police disperse the crowds. violence breaks out in another part of town. by was ground zero for violent clashes in the summer. buildings we walked by hours earlier were now on fire. it's the worst night of rioting since the michael brown shooting. 25 structures burn to the ground. 80 arrests, and businesses damaged and looted. before the night is over we catch up with bo and his friends. they have taken shelter in a church, a safe place organised by security groups. how do you feel the night has gone so far? >> horrible. i feel the same way i felt before we got a verdict. i knew it wouldn't be a verdict. you are never going to charge in america a police officer with killing a black man. >> christopher putzel joining us from ferguson. this is a different night. that was video from last night. looking around you. i see a crowd gathered behind you. >> yes, there's about 100 people that gathered behind me. tonight is calmer than yesterday. so far 50 minutes ago there were the first two arrests of the night. a couple of people tried to push towards the police line, and they cleared the street and got a little rowdy. overall it's been peaceful, and everyone is hoping it will stay that way. >> the presence of so many more national guard's men, more than triple the numbers on duty last night. does that seem to have calmed those who might be protesting more vo siferrously? >> well i think it's going to make it more difficult to do a lot. people do seem a lot calmer. they - there's a sense of sadness instead of anger that i'm feeling, that you talk to people. everyone is down. not only are they disappointed about the verdict, but they watched their community burn, and that is really hitting home for a lot of people who live here. everyone is out in the streets, still showing that they are incredibly angry and wanting to protest. there's not the same rage as you felt last night. >> "america tonight"s christopher putzel in ferguson. >> when we return - support from a tragic fraternity. the death of his son put ron davis in a unique position to help michael brown's dad under the system. >> i think it's incredibly insensitive of the law enforcement in ferguson to not afford them to go to trial and have the story told. >> we'll hear what he told michael brown's father and what he sees as the real failure later in the programme. >> robert kennedy jr., >> american democracy is rooted in wilderness... >> his fathers lasting influence >> my father considered this part of our heritage... >> coping with tradgedy >> the enemy of any productive life is self pity... >> defending the environment >> global warming is gravest threat... >> every saturday, join us for exclusive... revealing... and surprising talks with the most interesting people of our time... talk to al jazeera, only on al jazeera america >> we are keeping watch on what is happening in ferguson. another night of tension and concern triple the number of national guard forces on the streets of ferguson, as is the case when the grand jury decision comes down. we'll see if that helps us keep the piece. to help us understand about the community around ferguson, and how tensions reach this point. back in august, i reached out to a native of north county who lead the way for us, into the heart of ferguson. [ chants ] >> this is basically every night. when it gets dark the police are more aggressive, and the people are a little more aggressive too. >> we found it on west florissant on what was a peaceful demonstration, seeing dancing and chants. signs of protest, but a sense that ferguson, and all of this area known as north country, might be ready to turn a corner and look forward. still, it doesn't take much to trigger anxiety. [ sirens ] >> it's intimidating to the people when you have helicopter, tanks, police officers, hundreds of them. you have the mall parking lot full of police officers. this is basically an occupation. >> this man understands the community, north country is his home. he's a native, an observer, a columnist, a cab driver and a man who believes this week of clashes and anger has not changed the relation sh that law enforce. has with the people. >> the heavy-handed tactics increase, making the situation worse. no doubt about it. they are adding fuel to the fire. >> a fire sparked decades ago. this part of st louis county, outside the city of st louis was also home to missouri's all-black city, kim lock, settled before the turn of the last century. it was truly separated from ferguson, and the rest of north county, with barricades on the streets. >> development around the international air fort forced residents out. and today, much of kinlook is literally barren, a wasteland, a dumping ground. all but abandoned. >> and the community that was here - now shoved into neighbouring ferguson, and other towns in north country. >> in 1980, 14% of ferguson was african american. it was a white majority until 1990. in a recent consensus, the black population reached 63% - made up of families like michael brown, and the young people that have taken to the streets night after night. those are the streets that we were driven through, telling me there's a link to what happened to north county and the life and death of michael brown. >> it connects with the anger on the street because you have a lot of displaced youth. they or the family came from ken lock. they are just - a lot of these families are transient, moving from one apartment complex from canfield green to another, constantly moving, no sense of place or direction. the areas where michael brown was killed is a major recipient of old kinlock residents. >> michael brown had a future. >> that is true. he had a future. but he had to put it within the cultural context that mike had a future. but a lot of these youths you see out in the streets don't have a future. they don't feel connected to society, or connected to anything else. and they don't feel they have anything to live for. they don't feel they have anything to lose. >> against all that, a police department that is nearly all white in ferguson, and law enforcement in the surrounding county, equipped with military-grade gear. it is all enough to ignite the powder keg. >> anti-i.e.d. vehicles, tanks, aircraft, flying in the air - guys dressing like viel ans from batman. it was so absurd, people dressing like they were ready to fight the taliban. i mean, it was a bizarre situation. like it doesn't mesh with reality. i had never seen that stuff in the hands of law enforcement. i mean, i realise it existed, but i have never seen it, that that was a tool for policing. >> a suburban community. >> and despite assurances that it's a new day for relations between law enforcement and the community, there's signs the message has not been received down to the patrol car level, as we sought to focus a welcome sign on one of kin-lock's abandoned street far from the demonstrators, two officers initiated an immediate and aggressive command that our cameraman get off a roadway. >> don't resist, i'll bust your areas, your head. >> are you filming it? >> film it. i'll confiscate the film for evidence. i'm asking you to leave. >> go now, or you'll get locked up. >> this remains the way many in north county expect to be treated by the police here. harassed, even when doing nothing il. when any encounter is likely to end as it did with michael brown, badly. >> it's not just michael brown, it's life, times, bad dealings with police, seeing your family dealt with by the police in that manner. it's so many things. it's not just michael brown. >> my report from august, a look at ferguson's long and often difficult history. when we return - the prosecutor said the witnesses testimony lead the grand jury to its decision. "america tonight"s sheila macvicar in a moment on why relying on the eyewitness accounts is full of risk later, another death, another son, but a shared pain and the support his father gave mike brown's dad. >> in my case the state attorney let you know that she was fighting for our family, that she was fighting for jordan davis. in this situation in ferguson, the state attorney, robert mcculloch, he was never ever fighting for that family. . >> when the prosecutor, district attorney robert mcculloch explained the grand jury's decision not to in diet he emphasised the importance of discrepancies in the eyewitness lent of the shooting. >> many witnesses to the shooting of michael brown made statements inconsistent with other statements they meet and conflicting with physical evidence. some were refuted by the physical evidence. >> how could so many who claimed to have seen the shooting report different views of what happened. were they lying or did they believe what they said even when the testimony didn't match the evidence. >> i heard you describe problematic witness statement. do any arise to the level of you going after perjury charges. >> no, there's a number of witnesses that believe what they said. >> "america tonight" senior correspondent sheila macvicar joins us. explain why there's a disconnect between what people report and the evidence that people show. >> we know the oath that people take when they go into a courtroom. you can have a situation where an eyewitness to an event can believe that they are talking and telling the court what they truly saw, and they may not have any other memory, no other recollection. memory is not like a video recorder. it can be influenced by all kinds of different things. the unfortunate part here is that a strong eyewitness can sometimes make the biggest impact on the outcome of a trial. even though there's a lot of evidence suggesting that an eyewitness testimony could be problematic. the innocent organization locked at many wrongful convictions and found in 75% of the cases witnesses relied on faulty eyewitness to gaol it was exonerated by dna. >> can you give examples. >> a rape victim spending the entire time committing to memory the details of her asilant. when police showed her a picture she said yes, that's him. the man was convicted, sentenced to life in prison, 11 years later he was exonerated by d.n.a. and another convicted. second case, kirk bloodsworth. five witnesses testified that they saw him in association with a young girl who was sexually assaulted and later murdered. he was sentenced to a long time in prison, again d.n.a. evidence completely exonerated him. there's all these problems, and a lot of things can affect memory. >> why don't we see what we think we have seen? >> if you think about being a witness to a violent crime, the stress of being witness of what you are seeing - that can alter your perceptions. personal by as, ability to see, is it dark, is it raining. all those things can have an influence on what you remember seeing. and there's issues of what is around you. you have a conversation with someone. someone says "no, it was a blue shirt", and all of those things, you can easily muddle in your mind. >> i'm struck by this young woman you were referring to, a rape victim, and who deliveredly tried to -- deliberately tried to remember everything she can remember of her aail sant -- assail able to. what do we know about how the mind works. >> something can go wrong. you can perceive something and it's not really quite what happened. there's scientific studies that examined this, over 2,000, over 20 years looked at the issue of memory, and memory with relation to court cases. the national academy of sciences came out and said because there are problems with memory, and that that is becoming increasingly recognised the value given to eyewitness testimony should be devalued. >> we have seen over and over that juries have a tendency to believe the witness. >> it's very human. you hear someone saying something on their oath, that this is what i saw. and that is a very human rehabilitation to think about the credibility of that person, and thing about the strength of their story, and so it's often the physical evidence that jurors tend to not pay as much attention to that can be telling in some cases. >> "america tonight"s sheila macvicar finding out a little about how our mind work. there are echos of ferguson in other communities across america, and outrage in a place in a string of highly publicised shootings. you may remember the murder of 17-year-old jordan davis in florida. michael dunn shot into a car jordan and his friend were sitting in, upset about loud music. one jury acquitted him. a second sentenced him to life. mr davis, i know you are coming through a difficult week yourself, this is the anniversary of your son's pass of course, and i know you share the depreef of the brown family that you have been connected to and frustration. the browns did not see the case come to trial. >> i understand. you know, 23 november was the second anniversary of my son jordan davis's death and emotions were running high. with this decision it was a worse time for me and my family. they didn't get a chance to go to trial to tell their story and have the public see what happened to their child. it's incredibly insensitive of the law enforcement in ferguson to not afford them to go to trial, and have the story told. >> did you have communication with the family. i know you have been close to michael brown's father as well. did you have communication, did they have a sense of what is coming down? >> yes. all last week me and mike brown were texting each other. i told him, you know, i said prepare for the worst. it's unfortunate, but because, number one, when governor nixon, when he asked for the national guard to come four or five days ahead of time, he knows what the grand jury is going to come out with. you wouldn't do that unless you knew what the grand jury was coming out with. in my case, the state attorney let's you know she was fighting for our family, she was fighting for jordan davis. in this situation in ferguson, the state attorney, robert mcculloch, he was never ever fighting for their family. his father was a policeman. he was fighting for the police department. and that is very unfortunate for their family, for the family of the michael brown. >> one of the things robert mcculloch referred to in his long statement yesterday was about the witness testimony, inconsistencies and contradictions coming up in witness testimony. i wonder about that and the brown family. we heard this report from sheila macvicar about what you can rely on in witness testimony. i know the one witness that was credible is the one man with michael brown junior. he was credibility. he said everything that we needed to hear. that was not good enough. so they are trying to discredit a young man that was there. >> i'm struck by when michael dunn, the man that shot and killed your son was sentenced. something the judge said affidavits, said to you "our justice system works - it may not be perfect, as nothing it is, it is the greatest and most fair system in the world." looking at the case of your son, the case of trayvon martin's killing, and the case of michael brown, do you feel you can look at young men in america and say that justice will be done? >> no, i can't. i cannot do that. the reason why - as judge healy said, it's not the system, it's the people that operate within the system. i went to ferguson myself, i spoke to michael brown personally in ferguson, the second week after it happened, you know, i know what was going on in ferguson. the prosecutor had not sent a victim's advocate to his house to comfort the family. they did that when jordan was killed. i had a victim's advocate hold my hand the whole way for two years. they did not do that in ferguson. from the start, it's not the system, it's the people that work within the system. >> and that does not always work. >>ism that's correct. >> ron davis, his son jordan davis. we appreciate you joining us once again and sharing four thoughts. >> the justice system will be toasted in ohio, where the grand jury will vet the killing of a -- investigate the killing of a 12-year-old. a face off began in a playground with a toy group. here is sara hoy. >> reporter: this is the scene of yet another police shooting. the victim a 12-year-old boy killed outside a rec centre in cleveland. >> reporter: the guy was tamir rife, his weapon, a fake air rifle. >> in this instance, it's inrequestable from a -- ingbable from a firearm. guns are not toys. parents need to be aware of that. police say officers mistook the gun for a real gun. saturday's shooting came as the nation awaited the grand jury decision on whether the charge the officer who fatally shot michael brown in ferguson, missouri. >> whether there was ferguson there or not doesn't matter to me. what marts to me is -- matters to me is that it happened in cleveland, and to a child. so ferguson being out there, not being out there. it really doesn't matter to me. >> tamir rice's death follows highly controversial shootings involving officers killing civilians, holding what turns out to be replica guns. in september, police shot 14-year-old cameron tillman in louisiana. according to police. tillman was carrying what looked like a 45 calibre handgun. the family says the gun was on the table. while the exact circumstances are under investigation, all sides agree the gun was, in fact, a bb gun. back in august, police shot john crawford, out buying ingredients. acting on information from a 911 caller... >> i'm thinking that he's going to rob the place or he's there to shoot someone else. >> it looks serious as far as he didn't really want to be looked at and when people looked at him, he was pointing the gun at people. >> beaver creek police officer stormed the wal-mart and shot and killed a 22-year-old. >> when police rushed crawford, he was walking through the aisles carrying an air rifle, and was on the phone talking to his mother. >> i heard him struggling to breathe. that gargling noise with blood or whatever. i heard him crying. i heard the police officers >> reporter: last year 13-year-old was shot and killed by a police officer who mistubing his pellet gun for a real rifle. the incident sparked protests over the return of the deputy back to duty, igniting action. this fall, california governor jerry brown signed a law for bb and other fake guns to be marked with fluorescent colours. it's not clear whether those regulations would have saved tamir rice in cleveland. >> when officers arrived they told the 12-year-old to raise his hand. >> the officers ordered him to show his hands and to drop the weapon, and the young man pulled the weapon out and that's when the officer fired. >> rice was shot in the torso, dying sunday at an area hospital. >> there's no telling that a cleveland police officer wants to go out and shoot a kid. that's the way the officer feels. >> for the grieving rice family living across the street from the rec centre, they have more questions and are planning to conduct their own investigation. >> in our next segment, as ferguson smoulders, an attempt to find a way forward. a few from ferguson, and those that hope to fix it next. we watch and consider the fight for ferguson, still under way as the community faces another tense night. as ferguson struggles with this moment, some are looking for a way to move forward. joining us is civil rights activist and al jazeera contributor jason johnson on the streets in ferguson this hour. michael, you have been active in a number of movements and in this case i understand that the browns reached out to you earlier on trying to think about that way forward. >> i was in new york city the day that michael brown was killed and i pulled over on the side of the road when i saw the tweet on my phone, and saw in this was, again, something wrong, similar to what we felt. we saw ron davis, my deer brother. and the family reached out to me the following day, the sunday, august 10th, and we have been trying to do everything we can to keep them in my spirits and lift them up, especially during the difficult time, and the news that we heard, which is extraordinarily disappointing, an extraordinary family going through a tough time. >> is it possible looking around at the protesters who gathered once again. it seems to be a quieter night, gathered around you. is it possible to think about ways to move forward for the community? >> i mean people have been trying to figure out how to move forward since michael brown was kill. you have a large number of white residents that wanted to move forward the moment this happened. i think the multicultural coalition of people here, concerned about police violence, concerned about political apathy, violence against young men, they have not come to a conclusion as to what the next steps will be. there's a lot of confusion on the ground as to how to move forward. everyone wants to talk about it. i have not heard of solid plans. >> nobody is making a specific line of demand for particular change that could be accomplished, right? >> well, yes. i mean, you know, the main demand was people wanted to see darren wilson get indicted. that's not going to happen. most people knew it was not going to happen. the second demand we heard in august was there was a push to recall the mayor, who has been inept, incompetent and tone death throughout the crisis. that has not been accomplished. the two main concerns, demands and requests that you heard from the communicatee, neither has been accomplished. it's possible the mayor can be recalled. that doesn't lead to the changes in the police department or a national conversation or change in policy about police militarization or violence against young people. >> we heard from the may yore who talked to us and said he doesn't have control over who runs the police department. >> to you i would ask then, what you have seen, and you worked with the trayvon martin case and the protest there, what do you see as an active way to make a difference. when you have a community that has been through so much, so much pain and anxiety and tension right now, what is a way to diffuse the tensions and think about things that will make progress in the community is this. >> well, i came off the street to see the new york city protesting with thousands of people across the city, and folks across the country are protesting and fighting for justice, not just for michael brown, but so many people. the most important thing here is to remember that these people who are protesting are exercising their rights, the right for free speech and to peacefully assemble. young people, young people in st louis, in ferguson, hands up united. millennia millennials. i was out there four days ago. so many young people stepped up and are marching for peace. we saw looting and burning, and condemn the looting and burning as much as we condemn the death and killing of michael brown. e have to lift up the voices of young people. i sat with danny glover and others, listening to what was wanted. there are answers, as ben crump says, indict the whole process. the whole process does not work. it has to be indicted and changed. they are the ones to lead it. we have to follow them. >> is there a movement - we know the federal investigation is continuing into the civil rights complaint. is that something that would move progress. is that an area in which difference can be made, where the community can see some satisfaction? >> that would be fantastic if there was really reason to believe that the department of justice would come down with an indictment. you have to look at this contextually. the department of justice has been in stanford, 2.5 years. they don't have indictments there. the likelihood na the department of justice will get an indictment in ferguson, given the fact that attorney general eric holder will lose office and this case and others will be the responsibility of loreta lynch, i don't think it's likely. if it was accomplished. that would be great. i don't necessarily think it's all that likely. >> appreciate you being with us. thank you both for joining us this hour and still ahead here - ferguson was, indeed, ground zero in this case. anger and outrage spread like a virus. protests popped up in new york, seattle - all across the country. a look at the raw emotions over michael brown's death in a moment. [ ♪ music ] ♪ tonight talk about america ♪ al jazeera ♪ tonight we talk about america ♪ the view in ferguson, missouri. finally from us this hour - a note about all that we have seen and what it tells us about the anger out there. another night of protests under way in this hour, under way in new york, chicago, oat land and ferguson, missouri, a determination to keep attention on michael brown's death in a side street in what is otherwise an unremarkable suburb and to the judicial system that to many americans left justice denied. this is rage. the anger, frustration that poured into the streets, giving voice to a community that found itself voiceless in the search for justice. >> in the streets of ferguson, after the grand jury's decision, it was certainly unexpected, perhaps unavoidable rehabilitation. more surprising though how quickly and how far away the fury spread. >> into the street. into the street. >> not just street hoodlums taking advantage of the moment, but raw pent-up emotion. >> it taught me that the black men can get shut down like dogs. it's unbelievable. >> sending thousands, not just into the streets butt out to take them over. >> bystanders who came across the city may find the emotion hard to understand. how did this crisis become more than just ferguson's problem, and why? to a young mother like erica tottam who brought her little ones to a protest blocks from the white house, the answer is obvious. >> black people are everywhere. michael brown can happen in the city. and has. we just haven't heard about it. black people are being killed by the police etch, killed by institutions of the state everywhere. and so it can happen here. we are all black people, one bullet away from being a hashtag and being a national story. >> reporter: it is a suddenly unleashed fear. teacher aaron finds himself free. >> it matters to me, because everywhere i go i'm black and i have to face what society thinks of me. i have to deal with police violence and the way society treats me and assumes i'm a criminal. >> it's another time of protest of civil rights promises and let downs. there's little hope that this time this activism will make any difference. >> it always has been bullets, when it becomes black and white. it's always bullets. it's two different crimes, it's not the same crime. white people got their crime, and black people got their crime. it's hard not to be bitter, hard not to doubt, hard to see reason to believe in a system that looks like it's failed to deliver justice again. >> if there's a way to see something good, it will come from making a difference, bringing about change for another generation. >> i have hope that one day i will be able to tell my children that the justice system works for them. i have hope because to not have hope is an untenable situation. i can't live in america and not hope that it gets better. >> a mission of hope even amid the anger. throughout the county dozens of protests sharing their pain for michael brown and for the community of ferguson, missouri. that is "america tonight". thank you for watching our special coverage "the road to ferguson", more of "america tonight" tomorrow. 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it's not justice until you arrest him for murder. >> and why the fires ignited by this flashpoint spread to other cities from coast to coast, even to the gates of the white house. why so many americans are angry about the decision. >> black people everywhere - michael brown can happen in our city, and has, we just haven't heard about it. >> and why so many vow to fight on. good evening, thanks for joining us, i'm joie chen. we begin with the heat of the moment, and it is rising, even on this cold nights in ferguson, missouri, as the state of missouri hardens its line against protesters, seething over the decision not to indict darren wilson over the death of unarmed teenager michael brown. you are looking at pictures outside the police department where many gather, facing off against the state's national guard troops. the state tripled the number of national guard troops on the streets. protesters gathered in dozens of other cities across the country. the anger is growing. we learn more from the thousands of pages of evidence and testimony in the grand jury investigation. volumes that reveal contradictions and details about michael brown's vinyl moments. "america tonight" correspondent lori jane gliha, who was at the courthouse for the decision has been developing deep into what the grand jury considered. >> the 12 members of the grand jury started through hundreds of photographs like these. piecing together bits of evidence and a series of event leading to the deadly encounter between officer darren wilson, and 18-year-old michael brown. transcripts from his grand jury testimony claim darren wilson claims michael brown struck him in the head leaving these marks. he was scared a third bunch would kill him or knock him unconscious, and brown was poised far an attack, looking like a demon. after the attack brown away. but then turned back. he made like a: darren wilson told abc news what led up to the shooting. >> at that time i gave myself another mental trigger, can i shoot this guy. legally, can i. the question i answered myself was i have to. if i don't, he will kill me if he gets to me. from the first encounter to the fatal shot, the confrontation lasted less than two minutes. it took months for the story of those that witnessed what happened to unfold. michael brown's friend was with brown when he died and appeared on television the day of the shooting to explain what happened when officer wilson approached them. >> he pulled up on the side of us. he tried to brush the door open. we were so close it ricochetted off us and bounced to him. that got him a little upset. >> johnson testified in front of the grand jury,: that narrative that brown had his hands raised when he was shot dead produced the image and catch phrase of the movement that erupted in ferguson, and around the country. as we now know, it was one of the several conflicting testimonies to be considered by the grand jury, giving us insight into the last 10 seconds of michael brown's life. wilson's account that brown was coming at him differs from several others. one witness testified brown was not charging wilson, he was defense less, hands up:. some witnesses backed up wilson's version: in all, the jurors sorted through 70 hours of testimony from 60 witnesses and looked through hundreds of photos, with a tough task of separating fact fiction. >> and during his press conference the prosecutor made sure to emphasise the importance of the scientific physical evidence. saying eyewitness accounts must be challenged and the physical evidence is essential for verifying what happened. >> this is the first time we heard from officer darren wilson, he's been invisible through all the weeks of the grand jury. but talk to us a little about what he said. what did we learn about him? >> we learnt a lot of new things. one thing that was interesting was his size. he is 6 feet, 4 inches tall. we have seen one photograph. he looks small, but he's a similar size in height to michael brown. one thing we learnt about in that interview is why he pursued michael brown, why after the scuffle did he continue to follow michael brown. >> he said it was his job, his duty to figure out where the guy was going. he said he has a clear conscience, because he knows what he did was right according to his job. >> i know you looked at many of the pages. this is a voluminous account, all the evidence. personally? >> yes, hundreds of pages, thousands of pages. there's a lot of nuggets that we'll encounter. one of the most interesting things is the amount of weapons that he talked about, before he used his gun. he thought about using his mates. he thought about grabbing for mace, a long baton, he didn't think he could get it extend the. he thought about going to a flashlight as a weapon, but immediately moved to the gun, and talked about he doesn't carry a taser, there's a certain amount, he prefers not to carry one because it's cumbersome. interesting. >> striking. "america tonight"s lori jane gliha. we want to bring in debbie hines, a trial attorney in the city of baltimore. you have been before grand juries, you can tell us the circumstances that we are talking about, an unusual case, an unusual decision by the prosecutor to present all of the evidence. and people suggest that this is pretty much like a trial behind closed doors. >> exactly. and the grand jury is always behind closed doors, but what doesn't normally happen in the grand jury. we are not taking in every witness and throwing in everything, including the kitchen sink for the grand jurors to decide. we take a selective amount of witnesses in that we feel can make the case, evidence. >> it's not to determine guilt or innocence, but establish probable cause to go forward. >> absolutely. standard. >> what is the problem. the prosecutor, and lori jane gliha, you saw this much the prosecutor emphasised look, i have given all the evidence available to the grand jury, they had access to everything, and the prosecutor said he did not present any of this evidence himself, right. so what - what is the problem with that. in a sense a lot of people in the audience, not being legal experts will look and say wasn't that the right thing to do, give all the evidence. >> the problem is you confuse - you throw everything at them. you don't tell them the charges, you i make a decision. you decide. it's not how it's done. you don't spend months bringing in every person. the other thing that mentioned is when he said he brought in witnesses that he knew lied. some witnesses lied. you definitely wouldn't bring them in. >> you saw that two with the prosecutor explaining why he was doing it. >> one thing is we talk about how secret everything is. i wonder if we'll find out who the grand juries are. i wonder how secret was it. were they aware of what was going . how much extra information does a grand jury have access to. >> the groory is not sequestered. but the process is for witnesses to come forward and there will not be fear of reprisals because everything they said will be out before the grand jury. one other thought i wanted to get in here is as this goes forward, it's not the end of questioning. there's a civil rights investigation under way. >> there is one. in all honesty, that's a higher mountain to climb. this should have been a little mole hole, something easy to get the indictment if it had been down the way most grand jury cases were conducted. the federal rights violations not holing out a lot of hope. >> we have our correspondent. a former prosecutor in baltimore. as we noted earlier, aiming to have a repeat. the state of missouri ramping up, dispatching 2200 guards men, tripling the number in ferguson. when the decision came down. they are hoping to avoid a repeat of the violence. they witnessed the chaos and the heart ache on the streets of [ chanting ] >> reporter: it's been 108 days since michael brown's death. three months of secret grand jury hearings. word has leaked out that the decision is in. >> what happens if he's not indicted tonight. as night falls a crowd gathers outside the ferguson police department. officer darren wilson's home base to hear the verdict. >> i'm tired of the incidents in the black community with black relations and cops. >> bo dean is a young teacher, activist and hip-hop artist. he lived across the street from died. >> darren wilson is guilty, i am sure he's going to get off, he'll be found innocent. we are tired of that. cops have been killing young innocent blacks. >> that's not justice. it's not going to be justice until you arrest for murder. the mood is tense, schools closed. the governor declared a state of emergency and brought in the national guard. a collection of groups called the don't shoot coalition asked the prosecutor for 24 hour notice before the verdict was made public to help keep the peace. that has not happened. >> bo dean says he's here to help keep the crowd calm. >> i want to cool here. i'm not going to attack cops. there's a lot of people out here. down. >> how do you do that. how do you calm people down when emotions are high? >> we talk to a man and let him answer. >> the crowd is dying down. trying to hear or learn something about the verdict. >> bo dean and his friends are feeds. >> an announcement is being made. >> something unexpected. >> michael brown's mother, lesley mcspadden. climbs up to join them on top of the car. >> it wrong. you know you are all wrong. you know you are all wrong. >> it ain't over. it ain't over. >> anybody i heard of think so, i don't give oo [ bleep ]. they are wrong. >> reporter: the family had been notified in the afternoon and lesley mcspadden was here to share the news. there would be no indictment. as michael brown's step father comforted his wife. emotions got the [ chanting ] >> the brown family would later repudiate his outburst. we watched michael brown's mother give an reaction. >> the crowd getting tense. as you see. the police put up the riot gear, and everyone is starting to push towards the gate. >> you have to go. >> you got to go. >> this is people's [ bleep ]. these are real people's lives. [ chanting ] >> reporter: the police started to try to disperse the crowd. >> announcer: you need to stop throwing objects at the plus. you are unlawfully assembled. do it now. you need to get out of the street immediately or you will be subject to arrest. do it now. [ chants ] >> they tried to tip over a cop car. the police moved towards it, shooting tear gas, that is going on now. >> reporter: behind me there's about 12 men on their knees with their hands up on the ground trying to keep the police from coming closer. looks like the police are about ready to fire more tear gas. >> i was hit with one. >> a police car set on fire, and what sound like live ammunition seems to be exploding in flames. as police disperse the crowds. violence breaks out in another part of town. by was ground zero for violent clashes in the summer. buildings we walked by hours earlier were now on fire. it's the worst night of rioting since the michael brown shooting. 25 structures burn to the ground. 80 arrests, and businesses damaged and looted. before the night is over we catch up with bo and his friends. they have taken shelter in a church, a safe place organised by security groups. how do you feel the night has gone so far? >> horrible. i feel the same way i felt before we got a verdict. i knew it wouldn't be a verdict. you are never going to charge in america a police officer with killing a black man. >> christopher putzel joining us from ferguson. this is a different night. that was video from last night. looking around you. i see a crowd you. >> yes, there's about 100 people that gathered behind me. tonight is calmer than yesterday. so far 50 minutes ago there were the first two arrests of the night. a couple of people tried to push towards the police line, and they cleared the street and got a little rowdy. overall it's been peaceful, and everyone is hoping it will stay that way. >> the presence of so many more national guard's men, more than triple the numbers on duty last night. does that seem to have calmed those who might be protesting more vo siferrously? >> well i think it's going to make it more difficult to do a lot. people do seem a lot calmer. they - there's a sense of sadness instead of anger that i'm feeling, that you talk to people. everyone is down. not only are they disappointed about the verdict, but they watched their community burn, and that is really hitting home for a lot of people who live here. everyone is out in the streets, still showing that they are incredibly angry and wanting to protest. there's not the same rage as you felt last night. >> "america tonight"s christopher putzel in ferguson. >> when we return - support from a tragic fraternity. the death of his son put ron davis in a unique position to help michael brown's dad under the system. >> i think it's incredibly insensitive of the law enforcement in ferguson to not afford them to go to trial and have the story told. >> we'll hear what he told michael brown's father and what he sees as the real failure later in the programme. >> we're following stories of people who died in the desert. >> the borderland marathon. >> no one's prepared for this journey. >> experience al jazeera america's critically acclaimed original series from the beginning. >> experiencing it has changed me completely. >> follow the journey as six americans face the immigration debate up close and personal. >> it's heartbreaking. >> i'm the enemy. >> i'm really pissed off. >> all of these people shouldn't be dead. >> it's insane. >> the borderland thanksgiving day marathon. on al jazeera america. >> on tech know. >> that is immense... >> there a misunderstood... ...vital part of the ecosystem >> ...is a tiger shark... ...first one of the expodition >> can they be saved? >> sharks don't eat people... >> tech know, every saturday go where science meets humanity. >> this is some of the best driving i've every done, even though i can't see. >> tech know. >> we're here in the vortex. only on al jazeera america. >> we are keeping watch on what is happening in ferguson. another night of tension and concern triple the number of national guard forces on the streets of ferguson, as is the case when the grand jury decision comes down. we'll see if that helps us keep the piece. to help us understand about the community around ferguson, and how tensions reach this point. back in august, i reached out to a native of north county who lead the way for us, into the heart of ferguson. [ chants ] >> this is basically every night. when it gets dark the police are more aggressive, and the people are a little more aggressive too. >> we found it on west florissant on what was a peaceful demonstration, seeing dancing and chants. signs of protest, but a sense that ferguson, and all of this area known as north country, might be ready to turn a corner and look forward. still, it doesn't take much to trigger anxiety. [ sirens ] >> it's intimidating to the people when you have helicopter, tanks, police officers, hundreds of them. you have the mall parking lot full of police officers. this is basically an occupation. >> this man understands the community, north country is his home. he's a native, an observer, a columnist, a cab driver and a man who believes this week of clashes and anger has not changed the relation sh that law enforce. has with the people. >> the heavy-handed tactics increase, making the situation worse. no doubt about it. fire. >> a fire sparked decades ago. this part of st louis county, outside the city of st louis was also home to missouri's all-black city, kim lock, settled before the turn of the last century. it was truly separated from ferguson, and the rest of north streets. >> development around the international air fort forced residents out. and today, much of kinlook is literally barren, a wasteland, a dumping ground. all but abandoned. >> and the community that was here - now shoved into neighbouring ferguson, and other towns in north country. >> in 1980, 14% of ferguson was african american. it was a white majority until 1990. in a recent consensus, the black population reached 63% - made up of families like michael brown, and the young people that have taken to the streets night after night. those are the streets that we were driven through, telling me there's a link to what happened to north county and the life and death of michael brown. >> it connects with the anger on the street because you have a lot of displaced youth. they or the family came from ken lock. they are just - a lot of these families are transient, moving from one apartment complex from canfield green to another, constantly moving, no sense of place or direction. the areas where michael brown was killed is a major recipient of old kinlock residents. >> michael brown had a future. >> that is true. he had a future. but he had to put it within the cultural context that mike had a future. but a lot of these youths you see out in the streets don't have a future. they don't feel connected to society, or connected to anything else. and they don't feel they have anything to live for. they don't feel they have anything to lose. >> against all that, a police department that is nearly all white in ferguson, and law enforcement in the surrounding county, equipped with military-grade gear. it is all enough to ignite the powder keg. >> anti-i.e.d. vehicles, tanks, aircraft, flying in the air - guys dressing like viel ans from batman. it was so absurd, people dressing like they were ready to fight the taliban. i mean, it was a bizarre situation. like it doesn't mesh with reality. i had never seen that stuff in the hands of law enforcement. i mean, i realise it existed, but i have never seen it, that that was a tool for policing. >> a suburban community. >> and despite assurances that it's a new day for relations between law enforcement and the community, there's signs the message has not been received down to the patrol car level, as we sought to focus a welcome sign on one of kin-lock's abandoned street far from the demonstrators, two officers initiated an immediate and aggressive command that our cameraman get off a roadway. >> don't resist, i'll bust your areas, your head. >> are you filming it? >> film it. i'll confiscate the film for evidence. i'm asking you to leave. up. >> this remains the way many in north county expect to be treated by the police here. harassed, even when doing nothing il. when any encounter is likely to end as it did with michael brown, badly. >> it's not just michael brown, it's life, times, bad dealings with police, seeing your family dealt with by the police in that manner. it's so many things. it's not just michael brown. >> my report from august, a look at ferguson's long and often difficult history. when we return - the prosecutor said the witnesses testimony lead the grand jury to its decision. "america tonight"s sheila macvicar in a moment on why relying on the eyewitness accounts is full of risk later, another death, another son, but a shared pain and the support his father gave mike brown's dad. >> in my case the state attorney let you know that she was fighting for our family, that she was fighting for jordan davis. in this situation in ferguson, the state attorney, robert mcculloch, he was never ever fighting for that family. >> friday. al jazeera america presents. >> this is it. >> oscar winner alex gibney's "edge of eighteen", thanksgiving marathon. >> oh my god! >> intense pressure. >> if i said that i'm perfectly fine, i would be lying. >> tough realities. >> i feel so utterly alone. >> life changing moments. >> in this envelope is my life. >> if you don't go to college you gonna be stuck here... i don't wanna be stuck here. >> catch the whole ground-breaking series. "edge of eighteen". thanksgiving marathon. friday. 9:00 am eastern. only on al jazeera america. >> protestors are gathering... >> there's an air of tension right now... >> the crowd chanting for democracy... >> this is another significant development... >> we have an exclusive story tonight, and we go live... . >> when the prosecutor, district attorney robert mcculloch explained the grand jury's decision not to in diet he emphasised the importance of discrepancies in the eyewitness lent of the shooting. >> many witnesses to the shooting of michael brown made statements inconsistent with other statements they meet and conflicting with physical evidence. some were refuted by the physical evidence. >> how could so many who claimed to have seen the shooting report different views of what happened. were they lying or did they believe what they said even when evidence. >> i heard you describe problematic witness statement. do any arise to the level of you going after perjury charges. >> no, there's a number of witnesses that believe what they said. >> "america tonight" senior correspondent sheila macvicar joins us. explain why there's a disconnect between what people report and the evidence that people show. >> we know the oath that people take when they go into a courtroom. you can have a situation where an eyewitness to an event can believe that they are talking and telling the court what they truly saw, and they may not have any other memory, no other recollection. memory is not like a video recorder. it can be influenced by all kinds of different things. the unfortunate part here is that a strong eyewitness can sometimes make the biggest trial. even though there's a lot of evidence suggesting that an eyewitness testimony could be problematic. the innocent organization locked at many wrongful convictions and found in 75% of the cases witnesses relied on faulty eyewitness to gaol it was exonerated by dna. >> can you give examples. >> a rape victim spending the entire time committing to memory the details of her asilant. when police showed her a picture she said yes, that's him. the man was convicted, sentenced to life in prison, 11 years later he was exonerated by d.n.a. and another convicted. second case, kirk bloodsworth. five witnesses testified that they saw him in association with a young girl who was sexually assaulted and later murdered. he was sentenced to a long time in prison, again d.n.a. evidence completely exonerated him. there's all these problems, and memory. >> why don't we see what we think we have seen? >> if you think about being a witness to a violent crime, the stress of being witness of what you are seeing - that can alter your perceptions. personal by as, ability to see, is it dark, is it raining. all those things can have an influence on what you remember seeing. and there's issues of what is around you. you have a conversation with someone. someone says "no, it was a blue shirt", and all of those things, you can easily muddle in your mind. >> i'm struck by this young woman you were referring to, a rape victim, and who deliveredly tried to -- deliberately tried to remember everything she can remember of her aail sant -- assail able to. what do we know about how the mind works. >> something can go wrong. you can perceive something and it's not really quite what happened. there's scientific studies that examined this, over 2,000, over 20 years looked at the issue of memory, and memory with relation to court cases. the national academy of sciences came out and said because there are problems with memory, and that that is becoming increasingly recognised the value given to eyewitness testimony should be devalued. >> we have seen over and over that juries have a tendency to believe the witness. >> it's very human. you hear someone saying something on their oath, that this is what i saw. and that is a very human rehabilitation to think about the credibility of that person, and thing about the strength of their story, and so it's often the physical evidence that jurors tend to not pay as much attention to that can be telling in some cases. >> "america tonight"s sheila macvicar finding out a little about how our mind work. there are echos of ferguson in other communities across america, and outrage in a place in a string of highly publicised shootings. you may remember the murder of 17-year-old jordan davis in florida. michael dunn shot into a car jordan and his friend were sitting in, upset about loud music. one jury acquitted him. a second sentenced him to life. mr davis, i know you are coming through a difficult week yourself, this is the anniversary of your son's pass of course, and i know you share the depreef of the brown family that you have been connected to and frustration. the browns did not see the case come to trial. >> i understand. you know, 23 november was the second anniversary of my son jordan davis's death and emotions were running high. with this decision it was a worse time for me and my family. they didn't get a chance to go to trial to tell their story and have the public see what happened to their child. it's incredibly insensitive of the law enforcement in ferguson to not afford them to go to trial, and have the story told. >> did you have communication with the family. i know you have been close to michael brown's father as well. did you have communication, did they have a sense of what is coming down? >> yes. all last week me and mike brown were texting each other. i told him, you know, i said prepare for the worst. it's unfortunate, but because, number one, when governor nixon, when he asked for the national guard to come four or five days ahead of time, he knows what the grand jury is going to come out with. you wouldn't do that unless you knew what the grand jury was coming out with. in my case, the state attorney let's you know she was fighting for our family, she was fighting for jordan davis. in this situation in ferguson, the state attorney, robert mcculloch, he was never ever fighting for their family. his father was a policeman. he was fighting for the police department. and that is very unfortunate for their family, for the family of the michael brown. >> one of the things robert mcculloch referred to in his long statement yesterday was about the witness testimony, inconsistencies and contradictions coming up in witness testimony. i wonder about that and the brown family. we heard this report from sheila macvicar about what you can rely on in witness testimony. i know the one witness that was credible is the one man with michael brown junior. he was credibility. he said everything that we needed to hear. that was not good enough. so they are trying to discredit a young man that was there. >> i'm struck by when michael dunn, the man that shot and killed your son was sentenced. something the judge said affidavits, said to you "our justice system works - it may not be perfect, as nothing it is, it is the greatest and most fair system in the world." looking at the case of your son, the case of trayvon martin's killing, and the case of michael brown, do you feel you can look at young men in america and say that justice will be done? >> no, i can't. i cannot do that. the reason why - as judge healy said, it's not the system, it's the people that operate within the system. i went to ferguson myself, i spoke to michael brown personally in ferguson, the second week after it happened, you know, i know what was going on in ferguson. the prosecutor had not sent a victim's advocate to his house to comfort the family. they did that when jordan was killed. i had a victim's advocate hold my hand the whole way for two years. they did not do that in ferguson. from the start, it's not the system, it's the people that work within the system. work. >>ism that's correct. >> ron davis, his son jordan davis. we appreciate you joining us thoughts. >> the justice system will be toasted in ohio, where the grand jury will vet the killing of a -- investigate the killing of a 12-year-old. a face off began in a playground with a toy group. here is sara hoy. >> reporter: this is the scene of yet another police shooting. the victim a 12-year-old boy killed outside a rec centre in cleveland. >> reporter: the guy was tamir rife, his rifle. >> in this instance, it's inrequestable from a -- ingbable from a firearm. guns are not toys. parents need to be aware of that. police say officers mistook the gun for a real gun. saturday's shooting came as the nation awaited the grand jury decision on whether the charge the officer who fatally shot missouri. >> whether there was ferguson there or not doesn't matter to me. what marts to me is -- matters to me is that it happened in cleveland, and to a child. so ferguson being out there, not being out there. it really doesn't matter to me. >> tamir rice's death follows highly controversial shootings involving officers killing civilians, holding what turns out to be replica guns. in september, police shot 14-year-old cameron tillman in louisiana. according to police. tillman was carrying what looked like a 45 calibre handgun. the family says the gun was on the table. while the exact circumstances are under investigation, all sides agree the gun was, in fact, a bb gun. back in august, police shot john crawford, out buying ingredients. acting on information from a 911 caller... >> i'm thinking that he's going to rob the place or he's there to shoot someone else. >> it looks serious as far as he didn't really want to be looked at and when people looked at people. >> beaver creek police officer stormed the wal-mart and shot and killed a 22-year-old. >> when police rushed crawford, he was walking through the aisles carrying an air rifle, and was on the phone talking to his mother. >> i heard him struggling to breathe. that gargling noise with blood or whatever. i heard him crying. i heard the police officers >> reporter: last year 13-year-old was shot and killed by a police officer who mistubing his pellet gun for a real rifle. the incident sparked protests ut back to duty, igniting action. this fall, california governor jerry brown signed a law for bb and other fake guns to be marked with fluorescent colours. it's not clear whether those regulations would have saved tamir rice in cleveland. >> when officers arrived they told the 12-year-old to raise his hand. >> the officers ordered him to show his hands and to drop the weapon, and the young man pulled the weapon out and that's when the officer fired. >> rice was shot in the torso, hospital. >> there's no telling that a cleveland police officer wants to go out and shoot a kid. feels. >> for the grieving rice family living across the street from the rec centre, they have more questions and are planning to conduct their own investigation. >> in our next segment, as ferguson smoulders, an attempt to find a way forward. a few from ferguson, and those that hope >> sunday. a remarkable quest continues. marco polo's journey of discovery takes him east, for a historic meeting with kubli kahn, leader of the mongolian empire. relive this epic odyssey. people encountered. discoveries made. and now, questions answered. al jazeera america presents "marco polo: a very modern journey". the series continues. sunday. 9:00 eastern. >> native families divided by foster care >> anytime they see a social worker, the immediate response is.... they're here to take my kids >> defending kids... >> they didn't protect my children, they traumatized them >> or destroying cultures >> this is about as adversarial as it gets... >> fault lines, al jazeera america's hard hitting... >> today they will be arrested... >> ground breaking... they're firing canisters of gas at us... emmy award winning investigative series... the fight for native families only on al jazeera america we watch and consider the fight for ferguson, still under way as the community faces another tense night. as ferguson struggles with this moment, some are looking for a way to move forward. joining us is civil rights activist and al jazeera contributor jason johnson on the streets in ferguson this hour. michael, you have been active in a number of movements and in this case i understand that the browns reached out to you earlier on trying to think about that way forward. >> i was in new york city the day that michael brown was killed and i pulled over on the side of the road when i saw the tweet on my phone, and saw in this was, again, something wrong, similar to what we felt. we saw ron davis, my deer brother. and the family reached out to me the following day, the sunday, august 10th, and we have been trying to do everything we can to keep them in my spirits and lift them up, especially during the difficult time, and the news that we heard, which is extraordinarily disappointing, an extraordinary family going through a tough time. >> is it possible looking around at the protesters who gathered once again. it seems to be a quieter night, gathered around you. is it possible to think about ways to move forward for community? >> i mean people have been trying to figure out how to move forward since michael brown was kill. you have a large number of white residents that wanted to move forward the moment this happened. i think the multicultural coalition of people here, concerned about police violence, concerned about political apathy, violence against young men, they have not come to a conclusion as to what the next steps will be. there's a lot of confusion on the ground as to how to move forward. everyone wants to talk about it. i have not heard of solid plans. >> nobody is making a specific line of demand for particular change that could be accomplished, right? >> well, yes. i mean, you know, the main demand was people wanted to see darren wilson get indicted. that's not going to happen. most people knew it was not going to happen. the second demand we heard in august was there was a push to recall the mayor, who has been inept, incompetent and tone death throughout the crisis. that has not been accomplished. the two main concerns, demands and requests that you heard from the communicatee, neither has been accomplished. it's possible the mayor can be recalled. that doesn't lead to the changes in the police department or a national conversation or change in policy about police militarization or violence against young people. >> we heard from the may yore who talked to us and said he doesn't have control over who runs the police department. >> to you i would ask then, what you have seen, and you worked with the trayvon martin case and the protest there, what do you see as an active way to make a difference. when you have a community that has been through so much, so much pain and anxiety and tension right now, what is a way to diffuse the tensions and think about things that will make progress in the community is this. >> well, i came off the street to see the new york city protesting with thousands of people across the city, and folks across the country are protesting and fighting for justice, not just for michael brown, but so many people. the most important thing here is to remember that these people who are protesting are exercising their rights, the right for free speech and to peacefully assemble. young people, young people in st louis, in ferguson, hands up united. millennials. i was out there four days ago. so many young people stepped up and are marching for peace. we saw looting and burning, and condemn the looting and burning as much as we condemn the death and killing of michael brown. e have to lift up the voices of young people. i sat with danny glover and others, listening to what was wanted. there are answers, as ben crump says, indict the whole process. the whole process does not work. it has to be indicted and changed. they are the ones to lead it. we have to follow them. >> is there a movement - we know the federal investigation is continuing into the civil rights complaint. is that something that would move progress. is that an area in which difference can be made, where the community satisfaction? >> that would be fantastic if there was really reason to believe that the department of justice would come down with an indictment. you have to look at this contextually. the department of justice has been in stanford, 2.5 years. they don't have indictments there. the likelihood na the department of justice will get an indictment in ferguson, given the fact that attorney general eric holder will lose office and this case and others will be the responsibility of loreta lynch, i don't think it's likely. if it was accomplished. that would be great. i don't necessarily think it's all that likely. >> appreciate you being with us. thank you both for joining us this hour and still ahead here - ferguson was, indeed, ground zero in this case. anger and outrage spread like a virus. protests popped up in new york, seattle - all across the country. a look at the raw emotions over michael brown's death in >> a conflict that started 100 year ago, some say, never ended... revealing... untold stories of the valor... >> they opened fire on the english officers... >> sacrifice... >> i order you to die... >> and ultimate betrayal... drawing lines in the sand that would shape the middle east and frame the conflict today >> world war one: through arab eyes only on al jazeera america [ ♪ music ] ♪ tonight talk about america ♪ al jazeera ♪ tonight we talk about america ♪ the view in ferguson, missouri. finally from us this hour - a note about all that we have seen and what it tells us about the anger out there. another night of protests under way in this hour, under way in new york, chicago, oat land and ferguson, missouri, a determination to keep attention on michael brown's death in a side street in what is otherwise an unremarkable suburb and to the judicial system that to many americans left justice denied. this is rage. the anger, frustration that poured into the streets, giving voice to a community that found itself voiceless in the search for justice. >> in the streets of ferguson, after the grand jury's decision, it was certainly unexpected, perhaps unavoidable rehabilitation. more surprising though how quickly and how far away the fury spread. >> into the street. into the street. >> not just street hoodlums taking advantage of the moment, but raw pent-up emotion. >> it taught me that the black men can get shut down like dogs. it's unbelievable. >> sending thousands, not just into the streets butt out to take them over. >> bystanders who came across the city may find the emotion hard to understand. how did this crisis become more than just ferguson's problem, and why? to a young mother like erica tottam who brought her little ones to a protest blocks from obvious. >> black people are everywhere. michael brown can happen in the city. and has. we just haven't heard about it. black people are being killed by the police etch, killed by institutions of the state everywhere. and so it can happen here. we are all black people, one bullet away from being a hashtag and being a national story. >> reporter: it is a suddenly unleashed fear. free. >> it matters to me, because everywhere i go i'm black and i have to face what society thinks of me. i have to deal with police violence and the way society treats me and assumes i'm a criminal. >> it's another time of protest of civil rights promises and let downs. there's little hope that this difference. >> it always has been bullets, when it becomes black and white. it's always bullets. it's two different crimes, it's not the same crime. white people got their crime, crime. it's hard not to be bitter, hard not to doubt, hard to see reason to believe in a system that looks like it's failed to deliver justice again. >> if there's a way to see something good, it will come from making a difference, bringing about change for another generation. >> i have hope that one day i will be able to tell my children that the justice system works for them. i have hope because to not have hope is an untenable situation. i can't live in america and not hope that it gets better. >> a mission of hope even amid the anger. throughout the county dozens of protests sharing their pain for michael brown and for the community of ferguson, missouri. that is "america tonight". thank you for watching our special coverage "the road to ferguson", more of "america tonight" tomorrow. [ singing ] . >> announcer: this is al jazeera. hello, welcome to the newshour, i'm live in doha - the top stories on al jazeera. 44 people arrested overnight in ferguson as protests proceed across the united states. russia pushes to revive the syrian peace process. we'll have the latest on talks under way now in sochi. also this hour. the future of hong kong's process movement thrown in doubt. police arrest leaders and tak
that we understand this question. >> the key figure in the fight against isil in iraq is sentenced to death. plus we report from hong kong where the police have moved in to clear protesters from the streets. some say that's a good thing. >> there has been a second night of protests across the united states. over the decision not to charge a white policeman in the fatal shooting of an unarmed black teenager. there have been protests across the country let's take you first to this scene. let's go to oakland, california, where demonstrators set off a blockade and then set fire to it. they looted stores and faced off with police. over to boston where 1500 demonstrators block city streets in a peaceful show of force there. and in new york city hundreds gather in union square chanting "black lives matter." 04 peopl14 people were arrested overnight. >> for a while it seemed as if monday's mayhem would be repeated. the police car burned outside of city hall. there were reports of gunshots, and police used tear gas and pepper spray on protesters. missouri's governor called up thousands more members of the national guard, an outside ferguson's police department they helped police guard the building and confront a crowd that grew slowly throughout the evening. eventually they did. they were several arrests but no injuries. as the night went on people slipped away, driven home perhaps the cold air, the extra police presence. later in a news they spoke of a challenging night for them. >> rocks, bottles, it looks like broken tent poles that were hurled at the officers. those are all things that we're trying to protect the guardsmen and the police officers from as they try to do their job. >> darren wilson, the policeman who won't face criminal charges for killing michael brown last august gave his first tv interview. he expressed no remorse and said that he feared for his life during the altercation with michael brown. >> i used the door to push him back and yelled at him to get back. he pushed the door shot and stares at me. >> he threw the first punch? >> he threw the first one and hit me in the left side of my face. i reached out with my right hand to grab on his forearm because i was going to get out of the car, and i felt the immense power that he had. the way i describe it was like a five-year-old holding on to husk hogan. that's how big this man was. >> they would stop traffic over the failure to indict darren wilson. more protests are expected here and around the country. al jazeera, ferguson. >> we can hear now from michael brown's family. they can describe what the past 48 hours have been for them. >> very hard. heartbreaking, and unbelievable. >> for the ones that are protesting in a positive way, some people have their own agenda. i won't say that i'm mad at the people, what they're doing, but it's their own agenda. it's not what i asked for. it does have nothing to do with us. but yeah, the protests, we appreciate them and we love them for that. >> i don't feel that he stirred the crowd. it was already stirred. it's been stirring since augus august 9th. i want hold hii wouldn't hold him accountable for that. it comes from a higher power elected official and it's called the governor. >> you lose your child in this manner, and somebody put video camera, who knows what you would do if this was your child laying on the ground for four hours. you find out that the killer is not going to be brought to trial. who in your right mind would rush in on a charge on a police officer who has his gun. it sounds crazy. >> we have to fix this system. that's why you see everything going on in ferguson and around the country. >> we're just going to keep fighting. pray for a better outcome. >> let's cross over to kristen saloomey who is in ferguson. it still looks calm behind you. we were hearing comments from relatives who are not happy with how things have gone legally. what are their options that are left for them legally speaking? >> well, legally speaking they are still waiting for the results of a federal investigation, including one that is looking at the broader issues of policing here in st. louis county, and whether or not there is a pattern of discriminatory behavior on the parts of the police department here. they are waiting to see how that plays out, and they also have the option of a civil law enforcement, something that they could file in the future as well. but to get more on the subject why don't we bring in our political contributor here. jason, thank you so much for joining us. we've talked about the federal option before, and that really hasn't played out favorbly for many of these cases in the past. can you give us context about that? >> well, because it's extremely difficult, and it's very time-consuming. when you look at two years ago of trayvon martin being shot by george zimmerman, it's been two and a half years and they don't have an indictment. it's a similar situation here. given the fact that eric holder is soon going to be o leaving office and transitioning to loretta lynch, the idea that this could go to a higher power for indictment is highly unlikely. >> this is a concern for black america. we see many rally behind this cause. what hope, what direction could change this? what could be done to make a difference on this? >> well, i think we're seeing that on the ground now. realistically about 15% of the protesters who i've seen here and across the country, they're not black. i have seen white protesters, latino protesters, men, women, young and old. this is going to lead to a very serious conversation in white america. this is not a black problem. this is a situation where white americans recognize this as a problem have to confront white people who are bigots. that's the only way that real progress happens. as long as we stay focus on what the minorities can do to fix things, nothing really changes. >> thanthank you for joining us. we'll talk to you later. that's the situation on the ground in ferguson. a calm day after another rough night. people hoping that the worst of the violence is behind. police presence on the streets has increased. the anger is still very strong and promises a more non-violent action. at least coming ahead. >> i'm curious. you have a very interesting backdrop behind you. it looks like there are burnt out cars or something. >> absolutely. the devastation here happened on the first night after the announcements of the grand jury decision not to charge officer darren wilson for the shooting deaths of michael brown. there were 12 buildings, 12 businesses that were burnt to the ground and a number of other nice the neighborhood, and this is some of the damage that was caused by that event. we are seeing the wreckage all around the city as well. residents of ferguson are trying to clean up, trying to get their lives back in order, but there is still a feeling of being in a holding pattern. there is a lot of anger and groups gathering at night confronting police officers, so people aren't sure if the worse is over yet. they're hoping that the worst is over. another interesting thing that we've seen walking around the streets and talking to people in ferguson. they're really concerned about the image of their community, and how it's being portrayed locally, nationally, internationally. they say this is not what we're all about, and these violent protests are not what we're all about. there is a lot of sympathy among whites, blacks, all parts of the community for what the protests are trying to achieve. but there is no tolerance for the violent acts like the ones you've seen behind me. you know, this is a theme that we're hearing all over as we talk to people. >> thanks so much, kristen saloomey. a member of parliament in iraq is being sentenced to death for his part of the killing of soldiers. and it could have been impact in the fight against the islamic state in iraq and the levant. we have reports from baghdad. >> reporter: the death sentence give to this man could damage the baghdad government's relationship with the very people it's trying to convince to fight isil. a member of parliament and a prominent tribal leader. he's outspoken and critical of the government against the protests. al wani was eventually convicted of killing the two soldiers here pictured here in the iraqi army video. his death sentence has divided public opinion. >> the death sentence is inappropriate. you're supposed to be suspended until after the war against isil is over because it will weaken the sunni support needed to win against isil. >> al wani has made grave mistakes against the iraqi people. supporters said they were part of al-qaeda. it's acting unconstitutionally. >> reporter: the leader of the al wani tribe was furious over the news conference held. >> a tribe is considered the buffer zone of ramadi city. at this time we're fighting isil and shedding blood. we're shocked at the death sentence of a brother. >> reporter: they feel they're using the law against political enemies. that helped the new prime minister al al abadi get the top job. >> build. >> he needs the sunnies in order to win the battle against isil, particularly in anbar province. there are those who want justice for two dead shoulders and reaching a compromise would be tricky. >> in ramadi the fighting continues as the government thinks about his next move. the al wani's death sentence is being appealed, which should buy them more time. al jazeera, baghdad. >> now it's being reported that 15 iraqi soldiers and the council gunmen have been killed in ramadi. the city is the capsule of the western province of anbar, and they're believed to have died during battles against the isil group. isil launched a large-scale offensive against the city five days ago. now seizing the city would give them a stronger grip on the anbar province. let's take you now to cleveland, ohio, where a press conference is being held right now. officials are outlining the latest after the killing of an is it-year-ol is 12-year-old black youth. >> the family decided not to review it. they relied on feedback from their representative. once that was done the family then decided they wanted to see that video. we allowed them to view the video. the family did not want the video released, but after reviewing it and in consultation with their representatives they decided that they would express the wish to us to have it released. as part of our investigative process and our review with our units county prosecutors office we take the wishes of the family in mind we're going to release that video along with some audio tapes. i just want people to bear in mind that again this is a 12-year-old boy. we want people to view this video with that in mind, and we would ask that the media, once you get a copy of this, that you consider the family because they're going to have to see this over and over again. with that said i'm going to bring up deputy chief who will give a couple of remarks, and we'll start reviewing some of that audio and video evidence. >> thanks, chief. this afternoon we're going to provide you with the 911 call. we're going to play that first. we're going to play the 911 call so you can hear exactly what came in to the dispatch center. we're going to play the call that the dispatcher gave to the officers that responded to the incident. then we're going to show you the video. we're going to show you the video twice. the first time we're going to let it play out in its entirety. the second time there is an narrative that i would like to provide with you, and this is out of respect and with all due compassion for the family, for the officers that were involved, for our community as a whole. it's a very, very difficult time for everybody, and out of respect for them we do want to provide this to the members of our community. so at this time i would like ask tom to start with the original 911 call from a caller. >> we're just waiting and watching this live press conference being held in cleveland, ohio, as they try to release some of the evidence related to the shooting of a 12-year-old tamir rice in ohio last weekend. they've announced that they will now be releasing the video and some of the audio recordings, which the family of the victim was opposed to it being released. they seem to have sorted things out in that regard. the police chief and city prosecutor addressing officials and the public. they are now in the process of releasing the first of these video and audio clips. we're told that will be the 911 call. >> i'm at west boulevard. >> where are you at, sir? >> i'm sitting at a park west boulevard by the west boulevard trac tack. >> so you're at the station? are you at the rapid station. >> i'm sitting across the street at the park. >> what is the name of the park? there is a kid with a gun. gray coat, black sleeves, pants. >> is he black or white. >> black. >> he's in a camel jacket and gray pants? >> no, he has a camouflage hat on. do you know what that is? >> yes. >> his jacket is gray, and it has black sleeves on it. he's sitting on a swing right now. but he's pulling in a stance and pointing it at people. hello? >> do you know the guy? >> no, i do not. i'm getting ready to leave, but he's right near the youth center, whatever. he's pulling it in and out of his pants. i don't know if it's real or not. >> we'll send a cop. thank you. >> thank you. >> that was the original call in to dispatch. the next will be the dispatcher dispatching the first district car. >> hey, we have a code one at goodell, everybody is tied up. a guy on the swings pointing a gun at people. we havit was two minutes ago. charlie 2-1, charlie 2-4. >> can you go to code one at goodell. >> yes. >> and charlie 2-4, are you able to break? all i have is charlie 2-1. >> we'll take it. the alarm checked okay. >> all right, thanks. 1910 west boulevard. 1910 west boulevard in the park by the youth center a black male sitting on the swings wearing a camouflage hat, gray jacket with black sleeves. he keeps pulling a gun out of his pants and pointing it at people. code one. >> how many calls have you had for that? >> just the one so far. >> that's our zone. we'll go slowly though. >> do you want assist? >> yesyeah. >> 1529. >> we'll head over there. and the address. >> 1910 west billio boulevard. 8418. >> thank you. >> shots fired. male down. black male, maybe 20, black revolver. >> okay. that's the end of the dispatch tape, and our officer calling the incident in to our communication section. now we're going to show the video from the rec center, and just so everybody knows the video is come pressed for time, so it has been compressed. >> all right, we're looking there and listening some of the evidence being released by cleveland, ohio, police department relating to that shooting of a 12-year-old youth tamir rice last weekend. he was shot while carrying what turned out to be a toy gun. this is the actual video of the incident. let's listen in and watch the videos being released. now what we understand is that the first audio recording we listened to was the initial report coming from a member of the public saying he had seen a youngster carrying a gun. he wasn't sure if it was a real begun or a toy gun. that sparked the police interest in to this incident that led to the fatal shooting of the 12-year-old. i believe we have kristen saloomey, there we go. there's more video. let's watch that a little bit. >> well, let's bring in kristen saloomey, our correspondent standing b by for us live. she joins us at ferguson, which is the center of another incident involving the death of an african-american there. kristen, i'm going to ask you now about the events going on in cleveland, ohio. that's where, as we're talking right now, we're looking at this video that is continuing to be released on the right side of this screen. we understand that that is tamir rice walking around there on the right side of the screen. bring us to speed with the importance of releasing this sort of evidence relating to the case. >> well, it's a pretty shocking move to show the shooting death of this young 12-year-old. i think it speaks to the concern of the authorities to get their point of view out there. they are saying that the officer was threatened, that the young man pulled what appeared to be a gun. he had had toy that did not look like a toy. it was a very realistic rep mr. can in hireplica in his waistband. we heard the 911 caller who said he didn't know if it was real, but the youngster was waving it around in a threatening manner and scaring people. but he did say twice that he thought that the gun was probably not real. i think it speaks to the level of tension around the country that this evidence is being put out there for people to judge what is happening. i was just in cleveland before i came here to ferguson, and i can tell you that a lot of people that were talking there were talking about ferguson. they're saying, see, it's not just ferguson. we have a history of these problems here in our area as well. here in cleveland as well. this is a problem that we face, and we are viewed as a threat. we're viewed as scary people, but this was a 12-year-old boy. there should have been more caution. there should have been a better way of responding. it really speaks to the level of tension, as i say, that the police department is going to these steps to address the public. >> now, we've already seen the anger expressed on the streets related to what happened in ferguson, missouri, where you are right now where a grand jury decided they're not going to charge a police officer involved in that incident. bring us up to speed with the legal process regarding this incident in cleveland, ohio. where are we at request the investigation and charges? >> it is still a very early stage in cleveland. the shooting happened over the last week. the young man died on sunday. the shooting happened on saturday. it is in the preliminary stages. it is likely to follow a similar course of what will happen in ferguson. the officer there as well as has been put on administrative leave pending an investigation. he's off the streets. he will be a grand jury convened, most likely, to look at the evidence and whether or not there is enough evidence to go forward and charge the officer with a crime. but what we've seen here in ferguson and around the country is that the law in the united states is very sympathetic, if you will, to police officers. it gives police officers a lot of leeway when they feel their life is threatened. if they feel that their life is threatened or another life is threatened, to use lethal force. it becomes very difficult for a jury, a grand jury or a trial jury to find against a police officer, and often the argument is that these officers have to go to work every day. why would anybody want to do the job if they can't protect themselves as well as protect the community, and so on. but time and again we're seeing that overwhelmingly when lethal force is used, it is a person of color, 21 times more likely to be a person of color shot by a police officer than a white person. and so it's at difficult situation. obviously if there were legal solutions on the front we would not be here. but clearly the message of the demonstrators in ferguson and the sympathetic demonstrations around the country is that this system is not working for parts of the united states community. >> there does seem to be the one consistent message coming from the streets. for now thank you so much. kristen saloomey updating us on what we've been seeing and listening to coming out of officials in cleveland, ohio, looking at the video that's being released. you might be able to make out in the middle of the screen. that's tamir rice, the youth who ended up being shot by a police officer, the incident that sparked another wave of concern and anger in the country, a 12-year-old killed carrying a gun, but it turned out to be a toy gun. now we heard from the audio recordings, which have been released so far, the initial calls coming in to police where they can see a youngster pointing a gun at people. i think these are perhaps the usual moments where the youth is being approached. it does appear to be a police car. let's see how much we can make out from this video. we can see there what seems to be a couple of police officers exiting their vehicle. surrounding the area where tamir rice-- >> that's the video. once again, you know, out of respect for the family, and how we present this, it's compressed for time, as you can see. the subject is off camera. what we know is that that is a young man, by all means, and to the family, the community, and to the officers we know that we're dealing with human beings here and a loss of life, and very challenging time for everybody. so we're going to show that begin. i have a couple of narrations, and then afterwards we'll answer a couple of questions, if you like. >> what we're seeing is the police is going to rewind in clip. >> the gentleman sitting in the gazebo: that's the first caller that you heard. [ silence ] >> during this time the view that the caller has, that's what prompts the call. that's the description that he gives us. the call times and the video is consistent. they match up with each other. that's the blurred vision--the blurred vision that you see up there is someone that we have not identified yet, and we're not going to show that, but that is someone that we need to talk to that has not been identified. >> so what we're looking at right now is the police replaying that video, the video of the moments leading up to the fateful shooting of a 12-year-old in cleveland, ohio. they're talking us through certainly aspects. you can see the red circles showing where the gun is visible, which i should emphasize to be a toy gun. his interaction with members of the public, and eventually it would lead up to the moment where the youth is approached by police officers, and the video ends with what we understand to be the fatal shooting of the 12-year-old. now according to the police account they challenged him. they asked him to put his hands up in the air, and he failed to comply. this is all, of course, the police counter to what happened. instead, went for the weapon, which was concealed in his clothing. i believe that we have once again kristen saloomey. i understand that this video, of course, is coming out, one tries to calm the public sentiment, and underscore police transparency. but there are a lot of questions which no doubt would continue to ask questions about police training and police handling of young people. >> absolutely. i had someone here that i would like to get his opinion on, jason johnson, our political contributor, and he happens to be a current resident in cleveland, are you surprised by this decision to release the video? i understand that you haven't been able to see it. >> no, no, this is actually--this is one of those things that we can say is a lesson from ferguson. police have recognized that transparency early on is a surefire way to make people feel better. i'm not surprised that the family is in agreement to release it. they're going to sue. they're going to seek an indictment and trial. it puts everything out to the community so the community can begin a real discussion as opposed to the cops holding things to the vest and anger percolating. >> does the video answer questions? we haven't seen it, but historically these kinds of things can be interpreted in different ways, right? >> well, yes. the video can be interpreted half a dozen different ways. that's what a defense attorney is going to do for the police officers. that's what the police will do for the officers. that's what th for the public. anyone who sees this video and says, look, obviously the police are wrong, they're going to feel justified in their anger. they're going to feel that something was not hidden from them. we can leave the lawyering to the courts. but as far as a public relations battle, this is a very smart move. >> why hasn't cleveland erupted in a way that ferguson has? does it have to do with the public relations aspect of things? >> well, yes, that's part of it. also because cleveland has a halfway competent mayor. frank jackson. he's not the flashiest, and no, sir necessarily the most successful mayor but he has been reflected severa reelected several times. he knows how to manage the community in cleveland. there have been riots in cleveland, zoo there is a bit more understanding of what needs to happen going forward when people are upset. i'm not surprised that cleveland is reacting slightly different than ferguson. >> we're seeing cases in new york. cases in california. it seems that they're popping up all over the place. but i guess you would argue that they have been happening for a long time. >> the idea of violence against people of color in this country is not new. it's like violence against women. there has always been violence against women. there has always been violence against people of color. but we're seeing a change in the number of white americans who think it's a problem. in the past they were viewed as a horrible tragedy. but now you have young people, millennials and baby boomers saying the lives of any person matters, and we have to do something about the lack of accountability on a police department. >> that is a more positive note to end on. there have been many negative images coming out of ferguson and frustration coming out of the community. but clearly an upon going and important discussion going on across the united states. >> kristen, we'll have to bump in here. let's listen in to the comments now in the evidence they've released. >> the fbi agent is a nationally registered paramedic. so tamir was given first aid in under four minutes and three minutes after that our emergency service medical unit ems showed up, and they provided medical service to the young man. i am going to provide the names of our officers for procedural purposes. both of our officers are on administrative leave as per our policy and our protocol with any use of deadly force. that evening for clarification purposes we had members of the use of deadly force investigative team. we have representatives from the office of professional standards. we have representatives from our community relations board. we have the city prosecutor who is out there. we have members of our integrity control section. also numerous members of the community were there, and they were briefed on what took place that evening by myself. the two officers involved officers number one was a passenger officer. officer timothy loman. packag. officer number two, the driver of the vehicle, officer frank garmac. badge 1582. he's a 46-year-old male. frank was appointed to the division in february 25, 2008. frank and tim were working that shift together. frank was a certified field training officer. he was also a crisis intervention-trained officer, and tim was new to the cleveland division of police. he started out. he did the tour of duty in the fourth district, and then was assigned to the first district. currently we have obtained statements from our officers, and they will be continued to be on administrative leave. this case will continue to be investigated. all of our findings are going to be turned over to the county prosecutor's office for review and for final determine imagination as to what the legal system will provide in this case. but as i said before this is not an effort to exonerate. it's not an effort to show the public that anybody did anything wrong. this is an obvious tragic event where a young member of our community lost their life. we've got two officers that were out there protecting the public that just had to do something that nobody wants to do. so at this time i will answer a couple of questions myself or the chief are available. jack? [inaudible] >> we're watching here a live conference being held in cleveland, ohio, where officials are making the case, you could say, for transparency, releasing the names of two police officers involved in the fateful shooting of a 12-year-old, unarmed black african-american youth, releasing audio recordings relating to the incident and realizing video of the incident. police officials there making the point that their efforts at this point is not to exonerate anyone, but to seek due process related to this incident. the incident, involving 12-year-old tamir rice, who was carrying a toy gun. that's something that the police learned only later. they received calls from members of the public complaining that he had been pointing what looked like to be a gun, not knowing if it was real or fake. other members of the public, the police approached him, and the situation ended with the fateful shooting of the 12-year-old. we'll bring you more details as i'm sure we'll get them on this case and the other case that is keeping the nation alive, especially on the streets. that is the fatal shooting of another african-american in ferguson, missouri. >> all right, let's shift gears and take to you international news. let's go to the democratic republic of congo. a doctor there has been honored for his work helping thousands of rape victims. he had received one of the prestigious awards. >> he has helped thousands of victims. he urged the e.u. to do more to stop it especially in relations with countries in the region which he said allows such crimes to carry on. >> for some here future aid to the region must come with conditions. or even punishment, unless the guilty are brought to justice. >> they should also look into the possibility of establishing smart sanctions, which means like pressuring the government to be outspoken, to denounce these crimes. >> earlier he was urged to talk more about his work. he started an hospital in eastern congo in 1999. he had no idea that he would be treating new victims 15 years later. >> the first year i treated 45 cases. and there i asked myself what is going on? i was in the region for 15 years, and i never seen a case like that. so i start to question myself what is going on. and since this time the numbers of victims has just increased each year. >> he's approach to rape of psychological and social repair to help rebuild shattered lives. >> they're in front of the children, in front of their neighbors. >> he openly criticized the congolese gunmen about the use of rape. while prizes help he wants the international community to punish the rapists and put pressure on the countries who turn a blind eye. al jazeera, straesberg. >> now th the u.n. mission in darfur was set up in 2007 to protect civilians there and secure aid. but ties between sudan and the mission worsened after the u.n. tried to investigate allegations sudanese soldiers raped 200 women and girls last month. no evidence of the attacks was found, but sudanese soldiers were accused of intimidating villages into withdrawing their testimonies. joining us by skype in darfur is the spokesperson. >> we were bound by the u.n. security council, and the africa union security counsel those are mandates at the ends of march, and we're still conducting our duties and charging our responsibilities in protecting civilians under chapter 7 as the other related activities including the mediation between government, and that's taking place. they're trying to mediate tribal conflict. >> i understand that you say during forgive me for interrupting, but you say you're going to continue your mandate until march. do you suspect--we understand that you've been asked by the authorities to start providing an exit strategy for the plan of getting out and ending the mission. do you suspect the reason for that was because you began in investigating allegations that sudanese soldiers engaged in rape? >> well, of course i can't relate on the government's intentions. what we know is that we received a formal letter from the government of sudan saying that we--there is a need for us to consider this. offehowever, this is not new. it has been going on for quite some time, and it is indicated in u.n. security council resolution 2173 that the mission that needs to take place. the mission wouldn't last forever. >> our time is getting short. briefly, can you confirm reports that you suspect witnesses they spoke to concerning the rape allegations were intimidated by the sudanese army. can you confirm briefly? >> well, i can't--what we have done is we have gone in, and we found no evidence of-- >> i understand that's what you found. it's been reported that you reported that back to the united nations security council. is that correct? >> well, what was reported to the security council is the finding of the mission, which we have not found any evidence. >> we'll have to leave it there. i'm terribly sorry, but we'll have to leave it there. thank you so much. >> egypt's state news agencies reporting 78 people have been jailed up to five years for belonging to the banned muslim brotherhood. they have been found taking part of protests demanding the down fall of the government. they're also charged with obstructing traffic. al jazeera continues to demand the release of three journalists who have been held in prison in egypt for 333 days. mohamed fahmy, bader mohammed, and peter greste all jailed on charges of helping the outlawed muslim brotherhood, which of course they deny, and they're appealing those convictions. journalists from around the world have united around the world in support of al jazeera staff jailed in egypt. they have called again for the reporters to be freed. the plea for their release was made during the international press freedom awards. the british government has introduced some of the most far-reaching anti-terrorist legislation the country has ever seen. the sweeping reforms will allow the government to follow students in universityings and online conversations. >> here it seems one of the new front lines in the british government campaign in what people in newspapers call homegrown terrorists. university campuses say the government should have not only stop extremists from the platform but in the future they'll have to prove it, too, and the government also hold them to their word. >> when the government and security agencies tell us that the threat we face is now more dangerous than at any time before or since 9/11, we should take notice. and offer careful analysis and thorough preparation where we can tighten our laws and toughen the capabilities around us, we should. >> many universities say they're already doing their duty, particularly if the alternative at issue are denied. a bubble debate. >> we don't have genuine, difficult debate underground because it's out in the open. it can be regulated, looked in to and people can feedback to members of staff and say that it was criminal. >> what gives you life is jihad. >> but the government thinks the time is right for all this. specifically, that's because a number of british men have gone out to fight with isil in iraq. the new rules won't allow them back home where it's feared they might take out their aggression on the streets. and in an temp attempt to stop another event where a british soldier was hacked to death by two islamic converts. some suggest that the attack might have been prevented if such powers had existed. >> they place the responsibility directly on the community. schools, hospitals, local authorities to answer directly to the government in its fight against terrorism. many people would see that as a good thing, a form of national service, but to others it's a direct assault on the civil liberties of british muslims. >> this government and the previous government are attempting to use the law, criminal law and other laws to manage their views, their ideas, their education. every aspect. if possible it's a crude way of possibly redefining the religion. >> with a very few exceptions people already well-known to the security services every muslim organization in the u.k. has condemned isil. yet the underlying suggestion in this new set of proposals is that the government remains unconvinced that britain's muslims can police themselves. al jazeera, london. >> now the world's first research center devoted to facial reconstruction has opened in london. it will collect data from around the world on treating conditions like cleft palates and facial traumatic injuries. we went along to take a look. >> annie is happy. not unusual for a 10-month-old playing with her brother. but if you look closely annie has a large blood vessel tumor that stopped her from smiling. >> we would be in a park and there would be people surrounding the buggy, and she would be smiling at them and going from face-to-face generating a smiling at her. they would not be smiling back because they would be staring at the tomber. >> the tumor was removed last month and the tomber is back. annie's surgeon is ian hutchinson, and the force behind the national research center. >> what is the psychological aspect of this woman with a scar here and what is the psychological aspect of people who see her. what are you going to think is why can't we make scars invisible. >> the new center is designed to answer those questions. it will collect data from around the world on treating conditions like cleft palates and traumatic facial injuries, and bring together surgeons, o oncologists. >> the mask is a good mask. if i take the glasses off, you can see just the extent of what's going on. >> skin from josh's left eye was used to enclose his eye. in the future doctors may not need to do additional operations to harvest skin. >> technology is helping reconstruction. models made by 3d printers allow surgeons to use it for risky operations. and making skin and other parts for facial reconstruction. >> the face is how we breathe, how we eat. it's the most social part of our body. how we look is important to our psychological well-being. so it's about time the world has a medical research center devoted to it. jessica baldwin, al jazeera, london. >> that brings us to the end of this al jazeera news hour. but you can, of course, stay up-to-date with all the news. if you head over to our website, you can see our front page there with our lead story, the situation there in the state of missouri. we'll be back at the top of the hour. don't go too far. >> a conflict that started 100 year ago, some say, never ended... revealing... untold stories of the valor... >> they opened fire on the english officers... >> sacrifice... >> i order you to die... >> and ultimate betrayal... drawing lines in the sand that would shape the middle east and frame the conflict today >> world war one: through arab eyes only on al jazeera america . >> speaking for the first time since learning that thei learning that the man who shot their son will not face charges. their struggle goes on. >> this is al jazeera live from london. also coming up. celebrations of a congolese doctor for his work on thousands of rape victims. the widow of one of the palestinian many who
>> congress returns to capitol hill to tackle everything from funding the government to dealing with the immigration crisis. >> lawmakers are trying to cram two years worth of work into the next two weeks. >> the white house is asking congress for $263 million. >> to help training for police following is unrest in ferguson. >> not to solve every problem but to make things better. >> syrian families made their final steps through a war that nearly killed them. >> as long as we are standing up saying we fight atrocities at some point you've got to make good. >> a new warning from the fbi. >> i.s.i.l. is calling for attacks in the u.s. against members of the military. >> this is the kind of thing we saw happen in canada. >> this is how many military base disposeof waste. >> the soldiers had toxic inhalation. >> this is this generation's agent orange. >> he was the first to find out the great secret of africa. >> we begin with the fallout of ferguson. a week after the grand jury decided not to indict officer darren wilson for the shooting of michael brown, people in ferguson vented their anger at the commission tasked with ending long time divisions there. >> don't waste our time with the same innuendos and the same rhetoric. >> this is an abuse of power problem period. >> ferguson was also on the agenda at the white house monday as president obama met with his cabinet and civil rights leaders to announce a new task force on policing. he called for more than $300 million in funding to expand training programs and provide body cameras for police officers. >> there have been commissions before, there have been task forces, there have been conversations but nothing happens. part of the time this time it's going to be different is the president of the united states is deeply invested in making sure that this time is different. >> meanwhile the nfl said it will not punish the five st. louis rams players who on sunday took the field with their hands up, a pose adopted by protesters across the country. but the st. louis county police association called the display tasteless offensive and inflammatory. >> jason johnson is a al jazeera contributor. jason always good to have you with us. you just got back from ferguson and we just showed those very angry residents yelling at officials who were appointed to that commission in ferguson, trying to fix things there. from what you saw and the days you spent in missouri what needs to be done, so that town and really the country in general, gets on a better course? >> well, there needs to be three simple things that need to happen sort of symbolically and practically up front. one, the local community in ferguson needs to recall the mayor. the mayor, mr. knowles, is completely incompetent and has been horrible in managing the situation on the ground. and he can be recalled any point he's been in office for six months, which is october 15th. symbolically you could have new leadership moving forward. next, there probably needs to be a investigation of the prosecutor, mccullough. the most charitable description is prosecutorial ineptitude. , the governor needs to stay a much more active approach to not only managing the police on a local level but listening to suggestions that the department of justice has made about communication in general. those things need to happen now for ferguson to begin any process of healing or moving forward. >> the mayor this weekend called for more black police officers on the ferguson force which is more than 90% white even though the town is more than 70% black. this is something we have known about for months now. why last no action been taken and why are we still talking about it instead of moving forward on it? >> because the mayor's incompetent. he is a well meaning person, this is in no way disparaging him personally, but you're a mayor of 22,000 people, i was speaking to mayors around ferguson and many of them said to me they offered advice after michael brown was shot. they offered their local police forces but because ferguson is the biggest town the biggest city within that sort of larger school district he felt like he didn't have to listen to anybody. i'm not surprised that he's already trying to close the door after the cows have already left because he is five steps behind this entire situation. >> the prosecutor, the case has become the powerful symbol of the serious and all too frequent situation, involving african americans and other minorities. on the other hand, african americans after seeing testimony presented and that grand jury, people like charles barkley and pharrell, talked about is this the best case to highlight that important issue? >> charles barkley doesn't know what he is talking about. he should stick to basketball. and pharrell is an entertainer not a lawyer. this is the thing antonio that most of us even though are we're not lawyers can basically understand about what happened. if you have got conflicting testimony then there should be an indictment because the only thing that really happens with an indictment is the grand jury says, there's enough ambiguity about what occurred in this situation that a trial is necessary to determine if there is any fault. so the fact that you had conflicting stories, the fact that we don't know what darren wilson exactly did and when, what we don't know how michael brown might or might not have hit him, that's all the more reason there actually should be an indictment. i think while you are going to have lots of different people having different opinions, the fact that there were different points necessitated the indictment. >> at least i'd rather not second-guess the grand jury but talk about the violence in ferguson. how much of it was generated by outsiders? did you get a sense of that when you were there? on friday there was some violence, 16 people were arrested 16 were from out of town. >> right. i can tell you this i was standing in front of the police department in ferguson on tuesday evening and there was a large crowd of protesters there with signs and megaphones. the police were on one side and many of us who were analysts and watching were in the pack. two flares or fire crackers were thrown from the crowd at the police, the police did not leave. the protester with a megaphone said do not throw anything at the police. if we catch you we will turn you in ourselves. i saw three young men in the back of the crowd, their response was, then that makes you as bad as the police. i think there are clearly outsiders there -- >> who were instigating this. >> exactly, exactly. >> quubltion, presidenquickly, a asked for more money for body cameras and complete oversight. he is not banning the federal program that exists altogether. he said he didn't want police to build a militarized culture, isn't he a little late? isn't what we saw in ferguson in august proof that that culture already exists? >> yes, the military surplus that is going to police is not necessarily inherently wrong. the local police don't have to prove that they need that kind of equipment. i think the president missed an opportunity to say look, are if you are in a dangerous situation of course we want you to get military surplus. but you can't get armored tanks and swat machinery if the worst thing you are dealing with is a youngster with weed. the ferguson police were way too armed for the basic initial protests in august. >> always good to have you with us. thanks. >> thanks antonio. as president obama met with cabinet officials and civil rights leaders about the ongoing fallout from events in ferguson, congress returned from its thanksgiving break.the lame duck session has only two weeks left but faces a jam packed to do list. the main issue, funding the government. we find ourselves ten days away from a potential government shutdown. after president obama's executive action on immigration. we're joined from santa barbara, california by jeff greenfield. most recently he was the host of pbs's need to know and his latest book is if kennedy lived the first and second terms of president john f. kennedy an alternate history which is now out in paper back. and from los angeles, we're joined by al jazeera political correspondent michael shore. jeff i'll start with you and get both of your takes on ferguson. should the president be doing more to defuse tensions? should he go to ferguson? >> you know, this whole story is so in a way depressing because we bring to it, whoever we are, a few hundred years of often very ugly history. to the point we are what actually happens in ferguson almost takes a back seat to the prism through which you view it however you view it. i'm trying to imagine what the president could do that would genuinely make a difference as opposed to raising the flag of i care, i'm concerned, he might you know this could have been my son, which he said on the trayvon martin case. i just don't know whether or not anything he does breaks through all of the accumulated beliefs, assumptions, convictions, that different people bring to this. >> that's an important point. and michael i also understand he doesn't want to interfere with an ongoing federal investigation. but again it's what we've talked about so many times. he is the first black president. should he somehow figure out a way to play a more significant role? >> well, you know, here's the thing. the role that he can play is limited by the fact that he is in fact the president. you know barack obama is a lot of things to a lot of people. people that he's let down, people that are impressed with his presidency. but one thing he has not been able to do is take sort of the dialogue from a lot of these events and cause a national conversation about it. and i think that with ferguson he's presented with that unit at any time. going to ferguson doesn't necessarily do that. i think, you know, the attorney general has spoken previously about how ferguson and this federal case they have a very high bar to reach in order to bring federal charges there. does the president going there somehow bring expectations to that community that are not realistic? he can't go there and promise anything. by starting this dialogue, by talking to people, by maybe changing up the people that he's talking to and with he has a better shot of reaching some of those voters that feel that we have to change the way policing happens in america. that doesn't lap with a trip to ferguson. that happens doing it differently, doing it from the oval office. but as jeff said there's a long history of this. johnson wasn't on the bridge in selma the next day and i think there's a lot that we can learn by the way it was done then. this is different. there is a nebulous thing they're trying to get out of this. >> let's move on, lame duck session, in a category of not again, the house republican leadership had sworn they wouldn't allow the government to be shut down again but they're getting some serious pressure from their conservative wing to react forcefully to the president's executive action on immigration. what do you expect jeff? >> i expect them to stumble almost incoherently at times towards some resolution that does not shuttl shut down the government. but short of that if you are looking at the lame duck session to do something about whether it's immigration or the tax code that's about to expire or anything else if i can talk in gambling terms antonio these days in washington and congress i always bet the under as opposed to the overon how much they're going to employer speaker boehner has said in so many words, it's not going to happen. i don't see how he cannot avoid that but boy, well we'll get into that in a minute or two. anybody expecting oh this is the time for cooperation, good luck! >> a cnn poll says the americans would blame the gop for shutdown, 53 to 33%. the battle for the past few years for the establishment times and the libertarians, are we also seeing a similar struggle inside the democratic party between those who are on the left and those who are more moderate michael? >> i think it is more natural, coming out of an election where you get absolutely drubbed, whether you were forceful enough, whether you were progressive enough, awhat's going to happen is the progressives saying we are not forceful enough and the liberals, we look towards liberal and shore that up. you don't have a leadership issue there. so john boehner oops has got a really really hard job keeping this coalition together. his caucus is so varied. mitch mcconnell will have some of the same. it's not important to what happens in washington. >> you mentioned the tax situation, there's a fight over extending tax breaks that would affect millions of businesses and individuals. the senate and how actually agreed to something but now the white house is threatening to veto it by saying it too heavily threatens corporation over families. you are talking about the over-under, is there any chance of a compromise there? >> not living in washington but preferring the heart land of man manhattan and santa barbara, i can't speak to the mechanics of washington, but as people look and say there has to be cooperation, many republicans who came to washington in 2010, particularly, and again this year, are telling you, they did not come to compromise. they're not pretending. they are -- they are ideologically committed to i'm here to stop what's going on. the only advantage boehner has i guess is there are a few more house republicans who got elected from bluer districts. there are nine i think republicans from new york state, which is more than there's been in about ten years or so. and they may have an interest in giving him a little more support if he's looking to compromise. but it can't be stressed enough that the intensity of those within the republican party who are sharply opposed to the whole idea of accommodation, and being called obstructionist, they have actually benefited, it will be hard to hold their hand, because in their view obama put a stick in their eye, that's why i'm pessimistic about any compromise idea. >> the republicans a party of no, less than 30 section left, michael are we in a situation that jeff just brought up with that environmental protection agency regulation that was issued on thanksgiving eve that the national manufacturers association says is the costliest ever, that president obama had not wanted to pass when he was running for election, is the well getting poisoned more than ever before? >> how kit get more poisoned? -- how can it get more poisoned? >> i can't see how it can be any more poisoned but it's certainly not clearing up any time soon. >> jeff greenfield, michael shore, really a pleasure to have you. >> thank you. >> and now for more stories from around the world. beings we begin in washington, d.c, in a strong warning from the fbi and the department of homeland security, about possible i.s.i.l. attacks against domestic military targets. the bulletin says the fbi recently received reporting indicating individuals overseas are spotting and assessing like-minded individuals who are willing and capable of conducting attacks against current and former u.s. based members of the united states military. the bulletin urges members of the military to scrub their social media accounts of any information that could attract the attention of violent extremists. officials are concern that i.s.i.l. supporters in the u.s. may have been emboldened by two separate attacks on military personnel in canada last month. next we move to qatar, where an american couple, matthew and grace huong had been accused of starving to death their nine-year-old adopted auditor gloria, officials blocked them from leaving the country today. secretary of state john kerry released a statement saying the huongs should be allowed to leave without delay. the huongs have two adopted children who currently live in california. we live in your gas tank where oil prices have flowngdz o a five year low. the russian ruble has fallen to a five year low. now serious budget cuts and the lower oil prices have raised fears of possible deflation in europe. oil prices have dropped more than 34% in the past few months. and that's some of what's happening around the world. coming up: did the defense department risk the health of as many as 100,000 veterans and civilian contractors because of how it disposed of garbage? our stunning investigation is next. also, president obama facing criticism of his foreign policy from a former top staffer. she'll join united states. us. what do you think? join us @ajconsiderthis and on our facebook page. >> more than 52,000 american soldiers have been wounded in action in iraq and afghanistan and veterans of those wars have filed close to a million disability claims with the veterans administration. now the supreme court is considering whether a case should proceed involving claims of more than 100,000 veterans and civilian contractors have suffered from burned trash in pits. sheila macvicar has the story. >> it was everyday black smoke came over us. >> this is how many u.s. military paces across iraq and afghanistan disposed of waste. in massive open-air burn pits. which unleashed clouds of thick black and some veterans say, toxic smoke. >> during the daytime, it was solid black. you could smell it. >> reporter: staff sergeant anthony thornton spent two years as a prison guard at camp buka in iraq. he said he was constantly exposed to poisonous fumes that lingered over his living quarters. >> it came over where we worked. >> the burn pit you would see anything from tires to paints to medical waste, old refrigerators and different stuff. >> there he goes. >> and they would use jp 8 fuel, jet fuel to set it on fire. >> specialist rodney m meese worked as a mill 3 military con. ten acres of smoldering trash. at the height of the wars, more than 250 other bases across iraq and afghanistan also burned their waste. large bases burnt up to 300 tons of garbage a year. >> there was always a yellow haze over that base. and everybody that you talked to had some type of respiratory issues with it. it was operational 24-7. >> both neese and thornton says the toxics of burning everything from plastic to human waste made them sick. >> all the burning was done wrong and everybody knows that. >> reporter: more than two years after anthony came home from iraq he was diagnosed with a rare and aggressive form of brain cancer. during his last surgery part of his brain was removed, the left temporal lobe and hip owpocampu. >> i can't tell you my wife's middle name or my daughter's. i don't remember everybody's name. >> as soon as it happened he said it was the burn pits. >> thornton's wife jamie says her husband feels betrayed by the military. >> i mean here these people go, and they risk so much. and forgo so much. for our country. and then our country doesn't stand, you know -- >> reporter: thornton says he doesn't have a history of cancer in his family and has a letter from his oncologist saying in part it is possible that brain tumor was more than likely caused by exposure to environmental toxins during his time spent in camp buka, iraq. the veterans administration has awarded thornton 70% disability pay but does not acknowledge any link to burn pits and says his cancer may be linked to radiation from a previous job. >> we know people are sick. we're trying our best to try to determine whether burn pits are responsible. >> department of defense says there's no link between burn pits and long term health damage. >> several thousand service members who were assigned to locations with burn pits versus locations without burn pits. we looked at that data and we were unable to identify a definitive health risk associated with those at burn pits. >> and that leaves veterans like meese fighting for the compensation they believe they are owed. even though he can no longer work he has been granted just 10% disability pay. his plans for a lifetime military career are over. many days he has difficulty walking. at blad where he was stationed, meese lived a quarter mile from a burn pit. >> while i was there the coughing started. pulling through a stir straw to breathe. >> it took doctors seven years to diagnose him with restrictive bronchitis. he has to scare an oxygen tank with him everywhere he goes. >> we have seen this following iraq and afghanistan. >> a a pulmonologist at vanderbilt. >> is this something would you see in a person fit for deployment? >> this is a very uncommon diagnosis in an otherwise health individual. i think that this diagnosis is linked to some inhalational exposure during service in the middle east. then you can go through a list of potential exposures. dust storms. particulate matter exposure. burn pits. >> reporter: dr. miller began seeing returning soldiers with mysterious brain problems. when he presented his findings, he says he was shut out by the dod. >> shortly after that conference. the department of defense decided not to send any more patients. >> the department told dr. miller they'd deal with the issue internally. >> we sent the soldiers to the middle east, physically fit, they had toxic inhalation, they came back with problems that made them nondeployable and were not willing to compensate them for the injury they had. >> but dod's craig postlewait says damage due too burn injuries just aren't there. >> it is highly possible, probable that some of those individuals do have health conditions that were acquired due to exposures in theater. being able to identify which exposures and which individuals is very, very difficult because we don't have the individual exposure information that would help us to establish that link. meese has left the military. last july his doctors have told him he wasn't even fit to work as a file clerk. with his fiancee, he has just moved to the mississippi coast. the humidity helped him with his con. jamie and thornton got married. they have a three-year-old daughter. >> this is definitely not what i thought our wif life was going o be. at 30, 35, it's affected us tremendously. a lot of people say this is our generation's agent orange. >> they want the military to acknowledge the harm done to its soldiers. >> my plan was to keep working and get a good job working. she doesn't have to do anything. and be a good man. but i have to erase that now. >> you are a good man. >> it's hard to accept that. >> for thousands of returning veterans, this is their reality. a reality they say is shaped by their exposure to the burn pits. and someone, they say, needs to step up and take responsibility. sheila macvicar al jazeera. >> for more i'm joined from baltimore by susan burke, the lead attorney in a lawsuit targeting kbr, the contractor to git get rid of tons of garbage in iraq. susan good to have you back on the show. after vietnam there was agent orange, exposure to toxic herbicides. after the 1991 gulf war there was the gulf war syndrome, soldiers suffering from exposure to fuel from ammunition dumps. and the defense department's response is the same as it was in those prior cases. >> that's true. sadly we have the commander in chief obama saying this was not going to become the next agent orange but in truth it has. there's been delay, there's been study. but no real progress. >> so far, your lawsuit has 250 plaintiffs. are they all suffering the sorts of terrible health problems we witnessed in the story we just played? >> yes. and in fact the size of the class is much broader than that. we've filed 250 claims but there are many other hundreds that have signed on as well. and what we're seeing most predominantly are just severe respiratory problems. in addition, we have cancers with sadly up to 12 deaths now. >> how many potential victims do you think are out there? >> well, it's difficult to get a hard number. but we think the number is in the thousands based on the number of people deployed and then the proximity to the burn pits. >> on the other hand, what about the claim from the defense department, that all sorts of air pollution, even dust from sand storms, could have caused the health problems that the veterans are reporting? >> well, what you're seeing in the developing science is that there's a clear causal link between the burn pits and the injuries. this is science that is done independent of us. but doctor sesma's reporting up from suny in new york, dr. muller in vanderbilt also discovered a causal factor. the growing consensus appears to be that exposure to the toxic fumes is causing the injury. >> how big is that growing consensus? how many doctors have been involved in looking into this? >> well what we're seeing just anecdotally from the people that we represent, we're seeing that more and more of their treating physicians are beginning to attribute it. and a lot of this is very common sense. if you think about it in this nation, we have outlawed burning of trash in your backyard for decades. and it's because it's so clearly a health hazard. and so what we're talking about is not something novel or you know cutting-edge. it's pretty straightforward. if you live near burn trash and you breathe in these black fumes day in and day out it hurtsdz hr lungs. i would say the scientific community the academic community and the treating community is finding the causal link . >> people watching the story found the red flag there, dr. miller at vanderbilt, the military stopped sending him people to raise the issue. >> we need to look at this corporation at kbr billions of billions of dollars every year, they were supposed to perform according to contracts. and that contract required them to handle waste disposal in a manner that did not hurt the troops. it's the defense department itself and the veterans affairs that are hurt by this, they are hemorrhaging money trying to treat injuries caused by this corporation. >> in some cases afghanistan in particular the military spent millions to install incinerators that afghan and in some cases u.s. troops refused to use. the military operated more than half the burn pits in iraq and afghanistan. if there's a culprit how much is it kbr, how much is it the defense department? >> what we are doing is focusing on the pits that kbr operated and that was the major of them. we need to get back to the district court, we have won at the court of appeals for fourth circuit, we are waiting to go back to the trial court level and it is this type fact finding that is done in our system down at the district court level. the information we have collected today establishes that kbr ran the vast majority of the burn pits in behind the wire. now when they were expeditionary like the very first invasion that tended to be military but those aren't the pits that are at issue because those were short term, small and they weren't institutionalized. >> are you going after kbr because the military itself is immune from lawsuits in cases like these? >> no. we're going after kbr because it was kbr's wrongdoing that caused the problem. and it's particularly important to remember this is a company that got billions of dollars in taxpayer funds. they were paid to provide a service and they just didn't do that. they were supposed to take away the waste in a manner that was safe. >> susan good to have you with us to talk about this important story and we should say that we reached out to kbr and the company declined to do an interview with us. also our deletion at al jazeera's "america tonight" will have much more on this story on tuesday at 9:00 eastern. most americans with hiv are not being treated. the surprising numbers on world aids day straight ahead. and later an unsung hero in the fight to end apartheid. joins us. >> is america losing credibility overseas? from syria to i.s.i.l. and ukraine, our foreign policy has come under increasing scrutiny even from top officials in the obama administration including our next guest. i sat down with ann maria slaughter in an upcoming edition of "talk to al jazeera." in a wide ranging conversation i asked her about america's strategy to fight i.s.i.l. >> it is simply essentially. i mean you cannot actually allow this organization setting up a rule that is as barbaric as any we have seen redraw the borders of the middle east. i think it is radically incomplete however to attack it as a purely military problem and to attack it as if it were not completely and intimately bound up with the syrian civil war and the politics of iraq and increasingly the politics of turkey. we need the political strategy together with the military strategy. >> good luck. problems with its borders since those borders were established centuries ago. madeleine albright has put it pretty simply, the world is a mess. president obama says his enemies don't fear him, that his allies don't trust him. blaming him for all ills like blaming a caribbean island for a hurricane. you also wrote, tyrants will draw their own conclusions. how do you reconcile those two thoughts? >> the first thing i think president obama is encountering more crises at one time than anyone in recent memory. i mean he's got the middle east in flames. he's got russia with ukraine. he's got china and japan and korea and the south china sea and on top of that he's got a global pandemic that's as terrifying as anything we have seen. so i think to blame him because the world is a mess as i said that's just crazy. i do think that his failure to follow through on the use of force, where -- when assad used chemical weapons, we'd actually known for some time he was using chemical weapons and obama had drawn that red line, the can really make many people wonder was the u.s. prepared to stand up for things that it says are absolutely critical? i think that had introduced an element of uncertainty, that is not helpful in relations with our allies, and could indeed there in relations with our adversaries, it gives you a little more looseness than you'd like. i don't think, though, that you could say putin would not have invaded ukraine had obama been stronger. i don't think you could have said, i.s.i.l. would not have arisen. that's not the way the world works. >> so when does the u.s. need to intervene? because even if it's a legitimate action let's say, we can't be the world's policeman. i think you've said that yourself before. so do our vital interests need to be at play? and when is an interest a vital interest? >> so there's a clear violate interest where the defense of our home land, the defense of our people, the defense of our allies, all of those things are where yes we are prepared to use force. where i may differ from traditional foreign policy people is i do think that if the gap between what we say we stand for and what we do becomes too wide, we are irrevocably weakened in the world. either we can stop saying we stand for universal human rights, we can stop saying we stand for democracy, we stand with people who fight for their rights, but as long as we are saying it and as long as we are standing up and saying you know we fight atrocities, we signed the genocide treaty, we will defend people against crimes against humanity, my point is at some point you have got to make good on what you say. and if you don't you've loss your reputation, your capital, your identity as a inflation. so i am willing to say that at some point rwanda is definitely a case, i think syria is a case and kosovo would have been a case where there was an action so horrific and we could agency not alone, but we could act on behalf of the people, on behalf of the values we say we stand for. i think that is a vital interest. it's just that you don't see it being compromised in the same way you see somebody you know invading a border or killing a citizen. you don't see it but it's there. it's insidious and it damages the united states in the eyes of the world. in the eyes of the people. in a way that really is terribly dangerous. >> you were the first woman to head the office of policy planning at the state department. you are the first woman dean of the woodrow wilson school of public affairs, you've got degrees from harvard from princeton from oxford. uh two years ago you wrote an article that became a media sensation, turned you into a media sensation, entitled, why women still can't have it all. why can't they? >> three things. one is much more flexibility at work. when i'm the boss i say, if family comes first, work will not come second. it will come together. and i let the people who work for me do what they need to do whatever they need to do to take care of their families and i assume the work's going to get done. the second is we need to rethink the arc of careers. young people today have life expectancy well over 80. there's plenty of time to have a family and rise in your career as long as you're not expected to do both at the same time. but we have this idea that 40-year-olds and 50-year-olds, if you are not promoted you're passed over. that's crazy and we're also missing out on a ton of talent that we need. and the last thing is a public infrastructure of care. we are one of three countries that don't have paid pla alternatmaternityleave, high qu. if you really believe that care is important. >> you can see my full interview with anne maria slaughter on december 14th. first less than half of young american adults with hiv are even being treated. how that could cut their life spans by four decades. in our data dive next. some say, never ended... revealing... untold stories of the valor... >> they opened fire on the english officers... >> sacrifice... >> i order you to die... >> and ultimate betrayal... drawing lines in the sand that would shape the middle east and frame the conflict today >> world war one: through arab eyes only on al jazeera america >> the death toll could be much higher than anyone known. >> posing as a buyer... >> ...people ready then... >> mr. president >> who should answer for those people >> monday marked world aids day and our data dive found mixed results in the fight against the disease. first the good news. the number of hiv infections among children around the world dropped more than 50% from 2005 to 2013. more than a million children whose mothers have the virus were not infected thanks to treatments for their parents. those treatments can extend an adult's life by four decades. someone who's diagnosed at age 20 and starts taking medications have an average life span of 71 those who don't live on average to age 32. being treated by antiviral medications is also effective by cutting the sexual transmission of hiv by 96%. unfortunately a lot of people are not getting treated. about 1.2 million have hiv, 80% of them know they're infected but fewer than half of them are getting care. adults 18 to 24 of the least likely to have their illness under control. advocates give various reasons for the lack of treatment. some don't know where to be treated or have trouble accessing care. poverty, homelessness and substance abuse are also big obstacles to getting the needed help. an estimated 35 million people around the globe have hiv today and aiferred aids has killed 40n people since it became an epidemic in the 1980s. >> up next, a major contributor to apartheid and whose story is now only being told. john siegenthaler, the ferguson first commission meeting. the price of crude ol oil, not everyone benefits. the supreme court, social media and free speech, the justices take up a question about online threats. and sony pictures gets hit again, a week after being hacked ofew of its filma few of its fid online. >> the end of apartheid came as a result of a long and hard fought struggle. many heroes of that struggle remain largely unknown. one man jean yves oliver, influenced world events, he is a subject of a new documentary, plot for peace. >> he never said one word about his contribution. [ speaking french ] >> the chance of being didn't care about that. >> the results will be that, and that is what he did. >> he viewed to play another role but not a political one. good what he was looking for i'm not sure because he never asked for money. >> jean yves oliver played a role in apartheid, and he joins us from paris, mr. oliver it plays out in this movie like a thriller. you were a businessman who had dealings in south africa. in your life experience as a frenchman who had to leave algeria as a teenage are. >> exactly why it was a repetition i lived in algeria, 1960, 62 years. >> what you were seeing in south africa was white south africans sleepwalking to the edge of disaster. >> absolutely. it was clear the same way to the dialogues between the two communities was cut in algeria, in the 1960 years, the same thing was happening in south africa. and because of the sanction, there was no communication whatsoever. and the white south africans were not prepared to give up and we had -- we were having a civil war. i believe strongly that dialogues brings peace. >> but how did you, a businessman, you were not a french diplomat. you were a commodities trader dealing with oil and coal. how do you manage to then get in the position to get people together including heads of state to negotiate? >> the things i was doing was strategic commodities, oils and coal. those strategic commodities are dealt by government. and i had to be in close contact with government around south africa. and so it was very easy for me to have access to the government and to explain to them that they should look for negotiation and peace. and that was the only way for me to dismantle apartheid. >> and you did it in ways that are almost impossible to understand, and certainly some of the consequences because you were honored in the mid '80s by the apartheid government and ten years later by nelson mandela. >> yes, both parties believe i have done a good job. you know most of the time, peace is, the way to peace is that the two enemies, two communities were opposing one to each other are looking to a common future and not only the past, and this is what i was trying to do. to convince the two communities that there was a common future for them. which at the end happened. and so both communities recognize that they have done a did job. and they. >> one of your greatest achievements was an unbelievable effort, there was the angolan civil war, the soviets were involved, the south africans were involved, c the cubans were involved. you ended up with a massive prisoner exchange, involving all sorts of parties. what lessons can be learned by what you managed to do there? >> when you have somebody that is trusted by all the parties and is not sided, then everybody wants to achieve peace. so they are encouraged to do something which is proposed by somebody's interest. and you are mentioning the exchange of prisoners. there were six countries involved. and believe it or not, there was not one signed document. and when i told them the exchange will take place in september 17th, 1987, and they all came with their plane, all came with their prisoner and they exchanged in the tarmac of maputo without one document signed. >> the tarmac of an airport. jean yves oliver, pleasure to have you. >> my pleasure. >> coming up on tuesday, on "consider this," inside the mysterious militia patrolling ferguson, are they keeping the peace or creating more fear. we're on facebook and twitter @ajconsiderthis. and can you tweet me @amoratv. we'll seize yo see you next tim. this is al jazeera america. i am john siegenthaler in new york. the fallout. the fergson commission faces the public. the anger, the protests and what the white house has planned. >> the president of the united states is deeply invested in making sure that this time is different. >> okay debate. the supreme court case over social media posts and the limits of free speech online. hollywood hacked. yet to be released films